Python/mactoolboxglue.c - platform/external/python/cpython2 - Gitiles

 /***********************************************************
 Copyright 1991-1997 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam,
 The Netherlands.

                         All Rights Reserved

 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
 documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
 provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
 both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
 supporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
 Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
 distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.

 STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
 THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
 FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
 FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
 OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

 ******************************************************************/


 #include "Python.h"
 #include "pymactoolbox.h"
 #include <arpa/inet.h>	/* for ntohl, htonl */


 /* Like strerror() but for Mac OS error numbers */
 char *
 PyMac_StrError(int err)
 {
 	static char buf[256];
 	PyObject *m;
 	PyObject *rv;

 	m = PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock("MacOS");
 	if (!m) {
 		if (Py_VerboseFlag)
 			PyErr_Print();
 		PyErr_Clear();
 		rv = NULL;
 	}
 	else {
 		rv = PyObject_CallMethod(m, "GetErrorString", "i", err);
 		if (!rv)
 			PyErr_Clear();
 	}
 	if (!rv) {
 		buf[0] = '\0';
 	}
 	else {
 		char *input = PyBytes_AsString(rv);
 		if (!input) {
 			PyErr_Clear();
 			buf[0] = '\0';
 		} else {
 			strncpy(buf, input, sizeof(buf) - 1);
 			buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 		}
 		Py_DECREF(rv);
 	}
 	Py_XDECREF(m);
 	return buf;
 }

 /* Exception object shared by all Mac specific modules for Mac OS errors */
 PyObject *PyMac_OSErrException;

 /* Initialize and return PyMac_OSErrException */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_GetOSErrException(void)
 {
 	if (PyMac_OSErrException == NULL)
 		PyMac_OSErrException = PyErr_NewException("MacOS.Error", NULL, NULL);
 	return PyMac_OSErrException;
 }

 /* Set a MAC-specific error from errno, and return NULL; return None if no error */
 PyObject *
 PyErr_Mac(PyObject *eobj, int err)
 {
 	char *msg;
 	PyObject *v;

 	if (err == 0 && !PyErr_Occurred()) {
 		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
 		return Py_None;
 	}
 	if (err == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
 		return NULL;
 	msg = PyMac_StrError(err);
 	v = Py_BuildValue("(is)", err, msg);
 	PyErr_SetObject(eobj, v);
 	Py_DECREF(v);
 	return NULL;
 }

 /* Call PyErr_Mac with PyMac_OSErrException */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_Error(OSErr err)
 {
 	return PyErr_Mac(PyMac_GetOSErrException(), err);
 }


 OSErr
 PyMac_GetFullPathname(FSSpec *fss, char *path, int len)
 {
 	PyObject *fs, *exc;
 	PyObject *rv = NULL;
 	char *input;
 	OSErr err = noErr;

 	*path = '\0';

 	fs = PyMac_BuildFSSpec(fss);
 	if (!fs)
 		goto error;

 	rv = PyObject_CallMethod(fs, "as_pathname", "");
 	if (!rv)
 		goto error;

 	input = PyBytes_AsString(rv);
 	if (!input)
 		goto error;

 	strncpy(path, input, len - 1);
 	path[len - 1] = '\0';

 	Py_XDECREF(rv);
 	Py_XDECREF(fs);
 	return err;

   error:
 	exc = PyErr_Occurred();
 	if (exc  && PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc,
 						PyMac_GetOSErrException())) {
 		PyObject *args = PyObject_GetAttrString(exc, "args");
 		if (args) {
 			char *ignore;
 			PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "is", &err, &ignore);
 			Py_XDECREF(args);
 		}
 	}
 	if (err == noErr)
 		err = -1;
 	PyErr_Clear();
 	Py_XDECREF(rv);
 	Py_XDECREF(fs);
 	return err;
 }

 /* Convert a 4-char string object argument to an OSType value */
 int
 PyMac_GetOSType(PyObject *v, OSType *pr)
 {
 	uint32_t tmp;
 	if (!PyBytes_Check(v) || PyBytes_Size(v) != 4) {
 		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
 			"OSType arg must be string of 4 chars");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	memcpy((char *)&tmp, PyBytes_AsString(v), 4);
 	*pr = (OSType)ntohl(tmp);
 	return 1;
 }

 /* Convert an OSType value to a 4-char string object */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildOSType(OSType t)
 {
 	uint32_t tmp = htonl((uint32_t)t);
 	return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((char *)&tmp, 4);
 }

 /* Convert an NumVersion value to a 4-element tuple */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildNumVersion(NumVersion t)
 {
 	return Py_BuildValue("(hhhh)", t.majorRev, t.minorAndBugRev, t.stage, t.nonRelRev);
 }


 /* Convert a Python string object to a Str255 */
 int
 PyMac_GetStr255(PyObject *v, Str255 pbuf)
 {
 	int len;
 	if (!PyBytes_Check(v) || (len = PyBytes_Size(v)) > 255) {
 		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
 			"Str255 arg must be string of at most 255 chars");
 		return 0;
 	}
 	pbuf[0] = len;
 	memcpy((char *)(pbuf+1), PyBytes_AsString(v), len);
 	return 1;
 }

 /* Convert a Str255 to a Python string object */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildStr255(Str255 s)
 {
 	if ( s == NULL ) {
 		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "Str255 pointer is NULL");
 		return NULL;
 	}
 	return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((char *)&s[1], (int)s[0]);
 }

 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildOptStr255(Str255 s)
 {
 	if ( s == NULL ) {
 		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
 		return Py_None;
 	}
 	return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((char *)&s[1], (int)s[0]);
 }


 /* Convert a Python object to a Rect.
    The object must be a (left, top, right, bottom) tuple.
    (This differs from the order in the struct but is consistent with
    the arguments to SetRect(), and also with STDWIN). */
 int
 PyMac_GetRect(PyObject *v, Rect *r)
 {
 	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(hhhh)", &r->left, &r->top, &r->right, &r->bottom);
 }

 /* Convert a Rect to a Python object */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildRect(Rect *r)
 {
 	return Py_BuildValue("(hhhh)", r->left, r->top, r->right, r->bottom);
 }


 /* Convert a Python object to a Point.
    The object must be a (h, v) tuple.
    (This differs from the order in the struct but is consistent with
    the arguments to SetPoint(), and also with STDWIN). */
 int
 PyMac_GetPoint(PyObject *v, Point *p)
 {
 	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(hh)", &p->h, &p->v);
 }

 /* Convert a Point to a Python object */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildPoint(Point p)
 {
 	return Py_BuildValue("(hh)", p.h, p.v);
 }


 /* Convert a Python object to an EventRecord.
    The object must be a (what, message, when, (v, h), modifiers) tuple. */
 int
 PyMac_GetEventRecord(PyObject *v, EventRecord *e)
 {
 	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(Hkk(hh)H)",
 	                   &e->what,
 	                   &e->message,
 	                   &e->when,
 	                   &e->where.h,
 	                   &e->where.v,
 	                   &e->modifiers);
 }

 /* Convert a Rect to an EventRecord object */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildEventRecord(EventRecord *e)
 {
 	return Py_BuildValue("(hll(hh)h)",
 	                     e->what,
 	                     e->message,
 	                     e->when,
 	                     e->where.h,
 	                     e->where.v,
 	                     e->modifiers);
 }

 /* Convert Python object to Fixed */
 int
 PyMac_GetFixed(PyObject *v, Fixed *f)
 {
 	double d;

 	if( !PyArg_Parse(v, "d", &d))
 		return 0;
 	*f = (Fixed)(d * 0x10000);
 	return 1;
 }

 /* Convert a Fixed to a Python object */
 PyObject *
 PyMac_BuildFixed(Fixed f)
 {
 	double d;

 	d = f;
 	d = d / 0x10000;
 	return Py_BuildValue("d", d);
 }

 /* Convert wide to/from Python int or (hi, lo) tuple. XXXX Should use Python longs */
 int
 PyMac_Getwide(PyObject *v, wide *rv)
 {
 	if (PyInt_Check(v)) {
 		rv->hi = 0;
 		rv->lo = PyInt_AsLong(v);
 		if( rv->lo & 0x80000000 )
 			rv->hi = -1;
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(kk)", &rv->hi, &rv->lo);
 }


 PyObject *
 PyMac_Buildwide(wide *w)
 {
 	if ( (w->hi == 0 && (w->lo & 0x80000000) == 0) ||
 	     (w->hi == -1 && (w->lo & 0x80000000) ) )
 		return PyInt_FromLong(w->lo);
 	return Py_BuildValue("(ll)", w->hi, w->lo);
 }

 #ifdef USE_TOOLBOX_OBJECT_GLUE
 /*
 ** Glue together the toolbox objects.
 **
 ** Because toolbox modules interdepend on each other, they use each others
 ** object types, on MacOSX/MachO this leads to the situation that they
 ** cannot be dynamically loaded (or they would all have to be lumped into
 ** a single .so, but this would be bad for extensibility).
 **
 ** This file defines wrappers for all the _New and _Convert functions,
 ** which are the Py_BuildValue and PyArg_ParseTuple helpers. The wrappers
 ** check an indirection function pointer, and if it isn't filled in yet
 ** they import the appropriate module, whose init routine should fill in
 ** the pointer.
 */

 #define GLUE_NEW(object, routinename, module) \
 PyObject *(*PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(object); \
 \
 PyObject *routinename(object cobj) { \
     if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
        if (!PyImport_ImportModule(module)) return NULL; \
        if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "Module did not provide routine: " module ": " #routinename); \
            return NULL; \
        } \
     } \
     return (*PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(cobj); \
 }

 #define GLUE_CONVERT(object, routinename, module) \
 int (*PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(PyObject *, object *); \
 \
 int routinename(PyObject *pyobj, object *cobj) { \
     if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
        if (!PyImport_ImportModule(module)) return 0; \
        if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "Module did not provide routine: " module ": " #routinename); \
            return 0; \
        } \
     } \
     return (*PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(pyobj, cobj); \
 }

 GLUE_NEW(FSSpec *, PyMac_BuildFSSpec, "Carbon.File")
 GLUE_CONVERT(FSSpec, PyMac_GetFSSpec, "Carbon.File")
 GLUE_NEW(FSRef *, PyMac_BuildFSRef, "Carbon.File")
 GLUE_CONVERT(FSRef, PyMac_GetFSRef, "Carbon.File")

 GLUE_NEW(AppleEvent *, AEDesc_New, "Carbon.AE") /* XXXX Why by address? */
 GLUE_NEW(AppleEvent *, AEDesc_NewBorrowed, "Carbon.AE")
 GLUE_CONVERT(AppleEvent, AEDesc_Convert, "Carbon.AE")

 GLUE_NEW(Component, CmpObj_New, "Carbon.Cm")
 GLUE_CONVERT(Component, CmpObj_Convert, "Carbon.Cm")
 GLUE_NEW(ComponentInstance, CmpInstObj_New, "Carbon.Cm")
 GLUE_CONVERT(ComponentInstance, CmpInstObj_Convert, "Carbon.Cm")

 GLUE_NEW(ControlHandle, CtlObj_New, "Carbon.Ctl")
 GLUE_CONVERT(ControlHandle, CtlObj_Convert, "Carbon.Ctl")

 GLUE_NEW(DialogPtr, DlgObj_New, "Carbon.Dlg")
 GLUE_CONVERT(DialogPtr, DlgObj_Convert, "Carbon.Dlg")
 GLUE_NEW(DialogPtr, DlgObj_WhichDialog, "Carbon.Dlg")

 GLUE_NEW(DragReference, DragObj_New, "Carbon.Drag")
 GLUE_CONVERT(DragReference, DragObj_Convert, "Carbon.Drag")

 GLUE_NEW(ListHandle, ListObj_New, "Carbon.List")
 GLUE_CONVERT(ListHandle, ListObj_Convert, "Carbon.List")

 GLUE_NEW(MenuHandle, MenuObj_New, "Carbon.Menu")
 GLUE_CONVERT(MenuHandle, MenuObj_Convert, "Carbon.Menu")

 GLUE_NEW(GrafPtr, GrafObj_New, "Carbon.Qd")
 GLUE_CONVERT(GrafPtr, GrafObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qd")
 GLUE_NEW(BitMapPtr, BMObj_New, "Carbon.Qd")
 GLUE_CONVERT(BitMapPtr, BMObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qd")
 GLUE_NEW(RGBColor *, QdRGB_New, "Carbon.Qd") /* XXXX Why? */
 GLUE_CONVERT(RGBColor, QdRGB_Convert, "Carbon.Qd")

 GLUE_NEW(GWorldPtr, GWorldObj_New, "Carbon.Qdoffs")
 GLUE_CONVERT(GWorldPtr, GWorldObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qdoffs")

 GLUE_NEW(Track, TrackObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_CONVERT(Track, TrackObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_NEW(Movie, MovieObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_CONVERT(Movie, MovieObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_NEW(MovieController, MovieCtlObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_CONVERT(MovieController, MovieCtlObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_NEW(TimeBase, TimeBaseObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_CONVERT(TimeBase, TimeBaseObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_NEW(UserData, UserDataObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_CONVERT(UserData, UserDataObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_NEW(Media, MediaObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
 GLUE_CONVERT(Media, MediaObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")

 GLUE_NEW(Handle, ResObj_New, "Carbon.Res")
 GLUE_CONVERT(Handle, ResObj_Convert, "Carbon.Res")
 GLUE_NEW(Handle, OptResObj_New, "Carbon.Res")
 GLUE_CONVERT(Handle, OptResObj_Convert, "Carbon.Res")

 GLUE_NEW(TEHandle, TEObj_New, "Carbon.TE")
 GLUE_CONVERT(TEHandle, TEObj_Convert, "Carbon.TE")

 GLUE_NEW(WindowPtr, WinObj_New, "Carbon.Win")
 GLUE_CONVERT(WindowPtr, WinObj_Convert, "Carbon.Win")
 GLUE_NEW(WindowPtr, WinObj_WhichWindow, "Carbon.Win")

 GLUE_CONVERT(CFTypeRef, CFObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFTypeRef, CFObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

 GLUE_CONVERT(CFTypeRef, CFTypeRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFTypeRef, CFTypeRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

 GLUE_CONVERT(CFStringRef, CFStringRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFStringRef, CFStringRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_CONVERT(CFMutableStringRef, CFMutableStringRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFMutableStringRef, CFMutableStringRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

 GLUE_CONVERT(CFArrayRef, CFArrayRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFArrayRef, CFArrayRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_CONVERT(CFMutableArrayRef, CFMutableArrayRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFMutableArrayRef, CFMutableArrayRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

 GLUE_CONVERT(CFDictionaryRef, CFDictionaryRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFDictionaryRef, CFDictionaryRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_CONVERT(CFMutableDictionaryRef, CFMutableDictionaryRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFMutableDictionaryRef, CFMutableDictionaryRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

 GLUE_CONVERT(CFURLRef, CFURLRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_CONVERT(CFURLRef, OptionalCFURLRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
 GLUE_NEW(CFURLRef, CFURLRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

 #endif /* USE_TOOLBOX_OBJECT_GLUE */
	/***********************************************************
	Copyright 1991-1997 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam,
	The Netherlands.

	All Rights Reserved

	Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
	documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
	provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
	both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
	supporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
	Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
	distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.

	STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
	THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
	FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
	FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
	WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
	ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
	OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

	******************************************************************/


	#include "Python.h"
	#include "pymactoolbox.h"
	#include <arpa/inet.h> /* for ntohl, htonl */


	/* Like strerror() but for Mac OS error numbers */
	char *
	PyMac_StrError(int err)
	{
	static char buf[256];
	PyObject *m;
	PyObject *rv;

	m = PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock("MacOS");
	if (!m) {
	if (Py_VerboseFlag)
	PyErr_Print();
	PyErr_Clear();
	rv = NULL;
	}
	else {
	rv = PyObject_CallMethod(m, "GetErrorString", "i", err);
	if (!rv)
	PyErr_Clear();
	}
	if (!rv) {
	buf[0] = '\0';
	}
	else {
	char *input = PyBytes_AsString(rv);
	if (!input) {
	PyErr_Clear();
	buf[0] = '\0';
	} else {
	strncpy(buf, input, sizeof(buf) - 1);
	buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
	}
	Py_DECREF(rv);
	}
	Py_XDECREF(m);
	return buf;
	}

	/* Exception object shared by all Mac specific modules for Mac OS errors */
	PyObject *PyMac_OSErrException;

	/* Initialize and return PyMac_OSErrException */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_GetOSErrException(void)
	{
	if (PyMac_OSErrException == NULL)
	PyMac_OSErrException = PyErr_NewException("MacOS.Error", NULL, NULL);
	return PyMac_OSErrException;
	}

	/* Set a MAC-specific error from errno, and return NULL; return None if no error */
	PyObject *
	PyErr_Mac(PyObject *eobj, int err)
	{
	char *msg;
	PyObject *v;

	if (err == 0 && !PyErr_Occurred()) {
	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
	return Py_None;
	}
	if (err == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
	return NULL;
	msg = PyMac_StrError(err);
	v = Py_BuildValue("(is)", err, msg);
	PyErr_SetObject(eobj, v);
	Py_DECREF(v);
	return NULL;
	}

	/* Call PyErr_Mac with PyMac_OSErrException */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_Error(OSErr err)
	{
	return PyErr_Mac(PyMac_GetOSErrException(), err);
	}


	OSErr
	PyMac_GetFullPathname(FSSpec fss, char path, int len)
	{
	PyObject fs, exc;
	PyObject *rv = NULL;
	char *input;
	OSErr err = noErr;

	*path = '\0';

	fs = PyMac_BuildFSSpec(fss);
	if (!fs)
	goto error;

	rv = PyObject_CallMethod(fs, "as_pathname", "");
	if (!rv)
	goto error;

	input = PyBytes_AsString(rv);
	if (!input)
	goto error;

	strncpy(path, input, len - 1);
	path[len - 1] = '\0';

	Py_XDECREF(rv);
	Py_XDECREF(fs);
	return err;

	error:
	exc = PyErr_Occurred();
	if (exc && PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc,
	PyMac_GetOSErrException())) {
	PyObject *args = PyObject_GetAttrString(exc, "args");
	if (args) {
	char *ignore;
	PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "is", &err, &ignore);
	Py_XDECREF(args);
	}
	}
	if (err == noErr)
	err = -1;
	PyErr_Clear();
	Py_XDECREF(rv);
	Py_XDECREF(fs);
	return err;
	}

	/* Convert a 4-char string object argument to an OSType value */
	int
	PyMac_GetOSType(PyObject v, OSType pr)
	{
	uint32_t tmp;
	if (!PyBytes_Check(v) \|\| PyBytes_Size(v) != 4) {
	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
	"OSType arg must be string of 4 chars");
	return 0;
	}
	memcpy((char *)&tmp, PyBytes_AsString(v), 4);
	*pr = (OSType)ntohl(tmp);
	return 1;
	}

	/* Convert an OSType value to a 4-char string object */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildOSType(OSType t)
	{
	uint32_t tmp = htonl((uint32_t)t);
	return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((char *)&tmp, 4);
	}

	/* Convert an NumVersion value to a 4-element tuple */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildNumVersion(NumVersion t)
	{
	return Py_BuildValue("(hhhh)", t.majorRev, t.minorAndBugRev, t.stage, t.nonRelRev);
	}


	/* Convert a Python string object to a Str255 */
	int
	PyMac_GetStr255(PyObject *v, Str255 pbuf)
	{
	int len;
	if (!PyBytes_Check(v) \|\| (len = PyBytes_Size(v)) > 255) {
	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
	"Str255 arg must be string of at most 255 chars");
	return 0;
	}
	pbuf[0] = len;
	memcpy((char *)(pbuf+1), PyBytes_AsString(v), len);
	return 1;
	}

	/* Convert a Str255 to a Python string object */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildStr255(Str255 s)
	{
	if ( s == NULL ) {
	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "Str255 pointer is NULL");
	return NULL;
	}
	return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((char *)&s[1], (int)s[0]);
	}

	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildOptStr255(Str255 s)
	{
	if ( s == NULL ) {
	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
	return Py_None;
	}
	return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((char *)&s[1], (int)s[0]);
	}



	/* Convert a Python object to a Rect.
	The object must be a (left, top, right, bottom) tuple.
	(This differs from the order in the struct but is consistent with
	the arguments to SetRect(), and also with STDWIN). */
	int
	PyMac_GetRect(PyObject v, Rect r)
	{
	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(hhhh)", &r->left, &r->top, &r->right, &r->bottom);
	}

	/* Convert a Rect to a Python object */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildRect(Rect *r)
	{
	return Py_BuildValue("(hhhh)", r->left, r->top, r->right, r->bottom);
	}


	/* Convert a Python object to a Point.
	The object must be a (h, v) tuple.
	(This differs from the order in the struct but is consistent with
	the arguments to SetPoint(), and also with STDWIN). */
	int
	PyMac_GetPoint(PyObject v, Point p)
	{
	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(hh)", &p->h, &p->v);
	}

	/* Convert a Point to a Python object */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildPoint(Point p)
	{
	return Py_BuildValue("(hh)", p.h, p.v);
	}


	/* Convert a Python object to an EventRecord.
	The object must be a (what, message, when, (v, h), modifiers) tuple. */
	int
	PyMac_GetEventRecord(PyObject v, EventRecord e)
	{
	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(Hkk(hh)H)",
	&e->what,
	&e->message,
	&e->when,
	&e->where.h,
	&e->where.v,
	&e->modifiers);
	}

	/* Convert a Rect to an EventRecord object */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildEventRecord(EventRecord *e)
	{
	return Py_BuildValue("(hll(hh)h)",
	e->what,
	e->message,
	e->when,
	e->where.h,
	e->where.v,
	e->modifiers);
	}

	/* Convert Python object to Fixed */
	int
	PyMac_GetFixed(PyObject v, Fixed f)
	{
	double d;

	if( !PyArg_Parse(v, "d", &d))
	return 0;
	f = (Fixed)(d 0x10000);
	return 1;
	}

	/* Convert a Fixed to a Python object */
	PyObject *
	PyMac_BuildFixed(Fixed f)
	{
	double d;

	d = f;
	d = d / 0x10000;
	return Py_BuildValue("d", d);
	}

	/* Convert wide to/from Python int or (hi, lo) tuple. XXXX Should use Python longs */
	int
	PyMac_Getwide(PyObject v, wide rv)
	{
	if (PyInt_Check(v)) {
	rv->hi = 0;
	rv->lo = PyInt_AsLong(v);
	if( rv->lo & 0x80000000 )
	rv->hi = -1;
	return 1;
	}
	return PyArg_Parse(v, "(kk)", &rv->hi, &rv->lo);
	}


	PyObject *
	PyMac_Buildwide(wide *w)
	{
	if ( (w->hi == 0 && (w->lo & 0x80000000) == 0) \|\|
	(w->hi == -1 && (w->lo & 0x80000000) ) )
	return PyInt_FromLong(w->lo);
	return Py_BuildValue("(ll)", w->hi, w->lo);
	}

	#ifdef USE_TOOLBOX_OBJECT_GLUE
	/*
	** Glue together the toolbox objects.
	**
	** Because toolbox modules interdepend on each other, they use each others
	** object types, on MacOSX/MachO this leads to the situation that they
	** cannot be dynamically loaded (or they would all have to be lumped into
	** a single .so, but this would be bad for extensibility).
	**
	** This file defines wrappers for all the _New and _Convert functions,
	** which are the Py_BuildValue and PyArg_ParseTuple helpers. The wrappers
	** check an indirection function pointer, and if it isn't filled in yet
	** they import the appropriate module, whose init routine should fill in
	** the pointer.
	*/

	#define GLUE_NEW(object, routinename, module) \
	PyObject (PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(object); \
	\
	PyObject *routinename(object cobj) { \
	if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
	if (!PyImport_ImportModule(module)) return NULL; \
	if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "Module did not provide routine: " module ": " #routinename); \
	return NULL; \
	} \
	} \
	return (*PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(cobj); \
	}

	#define GLUE_CONVERT(object, routinename, module) \
	int (PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(PyObject , object *); \
	\
	int routinename(PyObject pyobj, object cobj) { \
	if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
	if (!PyImport_ImportModule(module)) return 0; \
	if (!PyMacGluePtr_##routinename) { \
	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "Module did not provide routine: " module ": " #routinename); \
	return 0; \
	} \
	} \
	return (*PyMacGluePtr_##routinename)(pyobj, cobj); \
	}

	GLUE_NEW(FSSpec *, PyMac_BuildFSSpec, "Carbon.File")
	GLUE_CONVERT(FSSpec, PyMac_GetFSSpec, "Carbon.File")
	GLUE_NEW(FSRef *, PyMac_BuildFSRef, "Carbon.File")
	GLUE_CONVERT(FSRef, PyMac_GetFSRef, "Carbon.File")

	GLUE_NEW(AppleEvent , AEDesc_New, "Carbon.AE") / XXXX Why by address? */
	GLUE_NEW(AppleEvent *, AEDesc_NewBorrowed, "Carbon.AE")
	GLUE_CONVERT(AppleEvent, AEDesc_Convert, "Carbon.AE")

	GLUE_NEW(Component, CmpObj_New, "Carbon.Cm")
	GLUE_CONVERT(Component, CmpObj_Convert, "Carbon.Cm")
	GLUE_NEW(ComponentInstance, CmpInstObj_New, "Carbon.Cm")
	GLUE_CONVERT(ComponentInstance, CmpInstObj_Convert, "Carbon.Cm")

	GLUE_NEW(ControlHandle, CtlObj_New, "Carbon.Ctl")
	GLUE_CONVERT(ControlHandle, CtlObj_Convert, "Carbon.Ctl")

	GLUE_NEW(DialogPtr, DlgObj_New, "Carbon.Dlg")
	GLUE_CONVERT(DialogPtr, DlgObj_Convert, "Carbon.Dlg")
	GLUE_NEW(DialogPtr, DlgObj_WhichDialog, "Carbon.Dlg")

	GLUE_NEW(DragReference, DragObj_New, "Carbon.Drag")
	GLUE_CONVERT(DragReference, DragObj_Convert, "Carbon.Drag")

	GLUE_NEW(ListHandle, ListObj_New, "Carbon.List")
	GLUE_CONVERT(ListHandle, ListObj_Convert, "Carbon.List")

	GLUE_NEW(MenuHandle, MenuObj_New, "Carbon.Menu")
	GLUE_CONVERT(MenuHandle, MenuObj_Convert, "Carbon.Menu")

	GLUE_NEW(GrafPtr, GrafObj_New, "Carbon.Qd")
	GLUE_CONVERT(GrafPtr, GrafObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qd")
	GLUE_NEW(BitMapPtr, BMObj_New, "Carbon.Qd")
	GLUE_CONVERT(BitMapPtr, BMObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qd")
	GLUE_NEW(RGBColor , QdRGB_New, "Carbon.Qd") / XXXX Why? */
	GLUE_CONVERT(RGBColor, QdRGB_Convert, "Carbon.Qd")

	GLUE_NEW(GWorldPtr, GWorldObj_New, "Carbon.Qdoffs")
	GLUE_CONVERT(GWorldPtr, GWorldObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qdoffs")

	GLUE_NEW(Track, TrackObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_CONVERT(Track, TrackObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_NEW(Movie, MovieObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_CONVERT(Movie, MovieObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_NEW(MovieController, MovieCtlObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_CONVERT(MovieController, MovieCtlObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_NEW(TimeBase, TimeBaseObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_CONVERT(TimeBase, TimeBaseObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_NEW(UserData, UserDataObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_CONVERT(UserData, UserDataObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_NEW(Media, MediaObj_New, "Carbon.Qt")
	GLUE_CONVERT(Media, MediaObj_Convert, "Carbon.Qt")

	GLUE_NEW(Handle, ResObj_New, "Carbon.Res")
	GLUE_CONVERT(Handle, ResObj_Convert, "Carbon.Res")
	GLUE_NEW(Handle, OptResObj_New, "Carbon.Res")
	GLUE_CONVERT(Handle, OptResObj_Convert, "Carbon.Res")

	GLUE_NEW(TEHandle, TEObj_New, "Carbon.TE")
	GLUE_CONVERT(TEHandle, TEObj_Convert, "Carbon.TE")

	GLUE_NEW(WindowPtr, WinObj_New, "Carbon.Win")
	GLUE_CONVERT(WindowPtr, WinObj_Convert, "Carbon.Win")
	GLUE_NEW(WindowPtr, WinObj_WhichWindow, "Carbon.Win")

	GLUE_CONVERT(CFTypeRef, CFObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFTypeRef, CFObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

	GLUE_CONVERT(CFTypeRef, CFTypeRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFTypeRef, CFTypeRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

	GLUE_CONVERT(CFStringRef, CFStringRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFStringRef, CFStringRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_CONVERT(CFMutableStringRef, CFMutableStringRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFMutableStringRef, CFMutableStringRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

	GLUE_CONVERT(CFArrayRef, CFArrayRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFArrayRef, CFArrayRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_CONVERT(CFMutableArrayRef, CFMutableArrayRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFMutableArrayRef, CFMutableArrayRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

	GLUE_CONVERT(CFDictionaryRef, CFDictionaryRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFDictionaryRef, CFDictionaryRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_CONVERT(CFMutableDictionaryRef, CFMutableDictionaryRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFMutableDictionaryRef, CFMutableDictionaryRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

	GLUE_CONVERT(CFURLRef, CFURLRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_CONVERT(CFURLRef, OptionalCFURLRefObj_Convert, "Carbon.CF")
	GLUE_NEW(CFURLRef, CFURLRefObj_New, "Carbon.CF")

	#endif /* USE_TOOLBOX_OBJECT_GLUE */