diff --git a/Modules/_hashopenssl.c b/Modules/_hashopenssl.c
index 98c91d1..47fc674 100644
--- a/Modules/_hashopenssl.c
+++ b/Modules/_hashopenssl.c
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     digest_size = EVP_MD_CTX_size(&temp_ctx);
     EVP_DigestFinal(&temp_ctx, digest, NULL);
 
-    retval = PyString_FromStringAndSize((const char *)digest, digest_size);
+    retval = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((const char *)digest, digest_size);
     EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup(&temp_ctx);
     return retval;
 }
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
     retval = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, digest_size * 2);
     if (!retval)
 	    return NULL;
-    hex_digest = PyString_AsString(retval);
+    hex_digest = PyString_AS_STRING(retval);
     if (!hex_digest) {
 	    Py_DECREF(retval);
 	    return NULL;
diff --git a/Modules/sha256module.c b/Modules/sha256module.c
index 0effb07..f81608c 100644
--- a/Modules/sha256module.c
+++ b/Modules/sha256module.c
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@
 
     SHAcopy(self, &temp);
     sha_final(digest, &temp);
-    return PyString_FromStringAndSize((const char *)digest, self->digestsize);
+    return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((const char *)digest, self->digestsize);
 }
 
 PyDoc_STRVAR(SHA256_hexdigest__doc__,
@@ -510,9 +510,9 @@
 SHA256_get_name(PyObject *self, void *closure)
 {
     if (((SHAobject *)self)->digestsize == 32)
-        return PyString_FromStringAndSize("SHA256", 6);
+        return PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize("SHA256", 6);
     else
-        return PyString_FromStringAndSize("SHA224", 6);
+        return PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize("SHA224", 6);
 }
 
 static PyGetSetDef SHA_getseters[] = {
diff --git a/Modules/sha512module.c b/Modules/sha512module.c
index 9f47b61..f2aae3a 100644
--- a/Modules/sha512module.c
+++ b/Modules/sha512module.c
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@
 
     SHAcopy(self, &temp);
     sha512_final(digest, &temp);
-    return PyString_FromStringAndSize((const char *)digest, self->digestsize);
+    return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((const char *)digest, self->digestsize);
 }
 
 PyDoc_STRVAR(SHA512_hexdigest__doc__,
@@ -576,9 +576,9 @@
 SHA512_get_name(PyObject *self, void *closure)
 {
     if (((SHAobject *)self)->digestsize == 64)
-        return PyString_FromStringAndSize("SHA512", 6);
+        return PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize("SHA512", 6);
     else
-        return PyString_FromStringAndSize("SHA384", 6);
+        return PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize("SHA384", 6);
 }
 
 static PyGetSetDef SHA_getseters[] = {