diff --git a/Lib/ast.py b/Lib/ast.py
index d778a85..7f35f18 100644
--- a/Lib/ast.py
+++ b/Lib/ast.py
@@ -152,8 +152,6 @@
     Increment the line number of each node in the tree starting at *node* by *n*.
     This is useful to "move code" to a different location in a file.
     """
-    if 'lineno' in node._attributes:
-        node.lineno = getattr(node, 'lineno', 0) + n
     for child in walk(node):
         if 'lineno' in child._attributes:
             child.lineno = getattr(child, 'lineno', 0) + n
@@ -204,9 +202,9 @@
 
 def walk(node):
     """
-    Recursively yield all child nodes of *node*, in no specified order.  This is
-    useful if you only want to modify nodes in place and don't care about the
-    context.
+    Recursively yield all descendant nodes in the tree starting at *node*
+    (including *node* itself), in no specified order.  This is useful if you
+    only want to modify nodes in place and don't care about the context.
     """
     from collections import deque
     todo = deque([node])
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_ast.py b/Lib/test/test_ast.py
index 05ce09e..c1574ec 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_ast.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_ast.py
@@ -264,6 +264,14 @@
             'op=Add(), right=Num(n=1, lineno=4, col_offset=4), lineno=4, '
             'col_offset=0))'
         )
+        # issue10869: do not increment lineno of root twice
+        src = ast.parse('1 + 1', mode='eval')
+        self.assertEqual(ast.increment_lineno(src.body, n=3), src.body)
+        self.assertEqual(ast.dump(src, include_attributes=True),
+            'Expression(body=BinOp(left=Num(n=1, lineno=4, col_offset=0), '
+            'op=Add(), right=Num(n=1, lineno=4, col_offset=4), lineno=4, '
+            'col_offset=0))'
+        )
 
     def test_iter_fields(self):
         node = ast.parse('foo()', mode='eval')