Lib/test/test_urllib.py

"""Regresssion tests for urllib"""

import collections
import urllib
import httplib
import io
import unittest
import os
import sys
import mimetools
import tempfile

from test import test_support
from base64 import b64encode


def hexescape(char):
    """Escape char as RFC 2396 specifies"""
    hex_repr = hex(ord(char))[2:].upper()
    if len(hex_repr) == 1:
        hex_repr = "0%s" % hex_repr
    return "%" + hex_repr


def fakehttp(fakedata):
    class FakeSocket(io.BytesIO):

        def sendall(self, data):
            FakeHTTPConnection.buf = data

        def makefile(self, *args, **kwds):
            return self

        def read(self, amt=None):
            if self.closed:
                return b""
            return io.BytesIO.read(self, amt)

        def readline(self, length=None):
            if self.closed:
                return b""
            return io.BytesIO.readline(self, length)

    class FakeHTTPConnection(httplib.HTTPConnection):

        # buffer to store data for verification in urlopen tests.
        buf = ""

        def connect(self):
            self.sock = FakeSocket(self.fakedata)
            self.__class__.fakesock = self.sock
    FakeHTTPConnection.fakedata = fakedata

    return FakeHTTPConnection


class FakeHTTPMixin(object):
    def fakehttp(self, fakedata):
        assert httplib.HTTP._connection_class == httplib.HTTPConnection

        httplib.HTTP._connection_class = fakehttp(fakedata)

    def unfakehttp(self):
        httplib.HTTP._connection_class = httplib.HTTPConnection


class urlopen_FileTests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Test urlopen() opening a temporary file.

    Try to test as much functionality as possible so as to cut down on reliance
    on connecting to the Net for testing.

    """

    def setUp(self):
        """Setup of a temp file to use for testing"""
        self.text = "test_urllib: %s\n" % self.__class__.__name__
        FILE = file(test_support.TESTFN, 'wb')
        try:
            FILE.write(self.text)
        finally:
            FILE.close()
        self.pathname = test_support.TESTFN
        self.returned_obj = urllib.urlopen("file:%s" % self.pathname)

    def tearDown(self):
        """Shut down the open object"""
        self.returned_obj.close()
        os.remove(test_support.TESTFN)

    def test_interface(self):
        # Make sure object returned by urlopen() has the specified methods
        for attr in ("read", "readline", "readlines", "fileno",
                     "close", "info", "geturl", "getcode", "__iter__"):
            self.assertTrue(hasattr(self.returned_obj, attr),
                         "object returned by urlopen() lacks %s attribute" %
                         attr)

    def test_read(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.text, self.returned_obj.read())

    def test_readline(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.text, self.returned_obj.readline())
        self.assertEqual('', self.returned_obj.readline(),
                         "calling readline() after exhausting the file did not"
                         " return an empty string")

    def test_readlines(self):
        lines_list = self.returned_obj.readlines()
        self.assertEqual(len(lines_list), 1,
                         "readlines() returned the wrong number of lines")
        self.assertEqual(lines_list[0], self.text,
                         "readlines() returned improper text")

    def test_fileno(self):
        file_num = self.returned_obj.fileno()
        self.assertIsInstance(file_num, int, "fileno() did not return an int")
        self.assertEqual(os.read(file_num, len(self.text)), self.text,
                         "Reading on the file descriptor returned by fileno() "
                         "did not return the expected text")

    def test_close(self):
        # Test close() by calling it hear and then having it be called again
        # by the tearDown() method for the test
        self.returned_obj.close()

    def test_info(self):
        self.assertIsInstance(self.returned_obj.info(), mimetools.Message)

    def test_geturl(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.returned_obj.geturl(), self.pathname)

    def test_getcode(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.returned_obj.getcode(), None)

    def test_iter(self):
        # Test iterator
        # Don't need to count number of iterations since test would fail the
        # instant it returned anything beyond the first line from the
        # comparison
        for line in self.returned_obj.__iter__():
            self.assertEqual(line, self.text)

    def test_relativelocalfile(self):
        self.assertRaises(ValueError,urllib.urlopen,'./' + self.pathname)

class ProxyTests(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        # Records changes to env vars
        self.env = test_support.EnvironmentVarGuard()
        # Delete all proxy related env vars
        for k in os.environ.keys():
            if 'proxy' in k.lower():
                self.env.unset(k)

    def tearDown(self):
        # Restore all proxy related env vars
        self.env.__exit__()
        del self.env

    def test_getproxies_environment_keep_no_proxies(self):
        self.env.set('NO_PROXY', 'localhost')
        proxies = urllib.getproxies_environment()
        # getproxies_environment use lowered case truncated (no '_proxy') keys
        self.assertEqual('localhost', proxies['no'])
        # List of no_proxies with space.
        self.env.set('NO_PROXY', 'localhost, anotherdomain.com, newdomain.com:1234')
        self.assertTrue(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('anotherdomain.com'))
        self.assertTrue(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('anotherdomain.com:8888'))
        self.assertTrue(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('newdomain.com:1234'))

    def test_proxy_bypass_environment_host_match(self):
        bypass = urllib.proxy_bypass_environment
        self.env.set('NO_PROXY',
            'localhost, anotherdomain.com, newdomain.com:1234')
        self.assertTrue(bypass('localhost'))
        self.assertTrue(bypass('LocalHost'))                 # MixedCase
        self.assertTrue(bypass('LOCALHOST'))                 # UPPERCASE
        self.assertTrue(bypass('newdomain.com:1234'))
        self.assertTrue(bypass('anotherdomain.com:8888'))
        self.assertTrue(bypass('www.newdomain.com:1234'))
        self.assertFalse(bypass('prelocalhost'))
        self.assertFalse(bypass('newdomain.com'))            # no port
        self.assertFalse(bypass('newdomain.com:1235'))       # wrong port

class ProxyTests_withOrderedEnv(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        # We need to test conditions, where variable order _is_ significant
        self._saved_env = os.environ
        # Monkey patch os.environ, start with empty fake environment
        os.environ = collections.OrderedDict()

    def tearDown(self):
        os.environ = self._saved_env

    def test_getproxies_environment_prefer_lowercase(self):
        # Test lowercase preference with removal
        os.environ['no_proxy'] = ''
        os.environ['No_Proxy'] = 'localhost'
        self.assertFalse(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('localhost'))
        self.assertFalse(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('arbitrary'))
        os.environ['http_proxy'] = ''
        os.environ['HTTP_PROXY'] = 'http://somewhere:3128'
        proxies = urllib.getproxies_environment()
        self.assertEqual({}, proxies)
        # Test lowercase preference of proxy bypass and correct matching including ports
        os.environ['no_proxy'] = 'localhost, noproxy.com, my.proxy:1234'
        os.environ['No_Proxy'] = 'xyz.com'
        self.assertTrue(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('localhost'))
        self.assertTrue(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('noproxy.com:5678'))
        self.assertTrue(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('my.proxy:1234'))
        self.assertFalse(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('my.proxy'))
        self.assertFalse(urllib.proxy_bypass_environment('arbitrary'))
        # Test lowercase preference with replacement
        os.environ['http_proxy'] = 'http://somewhere:3128'
        os.environ['Http_Proxy'] = 'http://somewhereelse:3128'
        proxies = urllib.getproxies_environment()
        self.assertEqual('http://somewhere:3128', proxies['http'])


class urlopen_HttpTests(unittest.TestCase, FakeHTTPMixin):
    """Test urlopen() opening a fake http connection."""

    def test_read(self):
        self.fakehttp('Hello!')
        try:
            fp = urllib.urlopen("http://python.org/")
            self.assertEqual(fp.readline(), 'Hello!')
            self.assertEqual(fp.readline(), '')
            self.assertEqual(fp.geturl(), 'http://python.org/')
            self.assertEqual(fp.getcode(), 200)
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

    def test_url_fragment(self):
        # Issue #11703: geturl() omits fragments in the original URL.
        url = 'http://docs.python.org/library/urllib.html#OK'
        self.fakehttp('Hello!')
        try:
            fp = urllib.urlopen(url)
            self.assertEqual(fp.geturl(), url)
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

    def test_read_bogus(self):
        # urlopen() should raise IOError for many error codes.
        self.fakehttp('''HTTP/1.1 401 Authentication Required
Date: Wed, 02 Jan 2008 03:03:54 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.33 (Debian GNU/Linux) mod_ssl/2.8.22 OpenSSL/0.9.7e
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
''')
        try:
            self.assertRaises(IOError, urllib.urlopen, "http://python.org/")
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

    def test_invalid_redirect(self):
        # urlopen() should raise IOError for many error codes.
        self.fakehttp("""HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Date: Wed, 02 Jan 2008 03:03:54 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.33 (Debian GNU/Linux) mod_ssl/2.8.22 OpenSSL/0.9.7e
Location: file:README
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
""")
        try:
            msg = "Redirection to url 'file:"
            with self.assertRaisesRegexp(IOError, msg):
                urllib.urlopen("http://python.org/")
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

    def test_redirect_limit_independent(self):
        # Ticket #12923: make sure independent requests each use their
        # own retry limit.
        for i in range(urllib.FancyURLopener().maxtries):
            self.fakehttp(b'''HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Location: file://guidocomputer.athome.com:/python/license
Connection: close
''')
            try:
                self.assertRaises(IOError, urllib.urlopen,
                    "http://something")
            finally:
                self.unfakehttp()

    def test_empty_socket(self):
        # urlopen() raises IOError if the underlying socket does not send any
        # data. (#1680230)
        self.fakehttp('')
        try:
            self.assertRaises(IOError, urllib.urlopen, 'http://something')
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

    def test_missing_localfile(self):
        self.assertRaises(IOError, urllib.urlopen,
                'file://localhost/a/missing/file.py')
        fd, tmp_file = tempfile.mkstemp()
        tmp_fileurl = 'file://localhost/' + tmp_file.replace(os.path.sep, '/')
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(tmp_file))
        try:
            fp = urllib.urlopen(tmp_fileurl)
            fp.close()
        finally:
            os.close(fd)
            os.unlink(tmp_file)

        self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(tmp_file))
        self.assertRaises(IOError, urllib.urlopen, tmp_fileurl)

    def test_ftp_nonexisting(self):
        self.assertRaises(IOError, urllib.urlopen,
                'ftp://localhost/not/existing/file.py')


    def test_userpass_inurl(self):
        self.fakehttp('Hello!')
        try:
            fakehttp_wrapper = httplib.HTTP._connection_class
            fp = urllib.urlopen("http://user:pass@python.org/")
            authorization = ("Authorization: Basic %s\r\n" %
                            b64encode('user:pass'))
            # The authorization header must be in place
            self.assertIn(authorization, fakehttp_wrapper.buf)
            self.assertEqual(fp.readline(), "Hello!")
            self.assertEqual(fp.readline(), "")
            self.assertEqual(fp.geturl(), 'http://user:pass@python.org/')
            self.assertEqual(fp.getcode(), 200)
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

    def test_userpass_with_spaces_inurl(self):
        self.fakehttp('Hello!')
        try:
            url = "http://a b:c d@python.org/"
            fakehttp_wrapper = httplib.HTTP._connection_class
            authorization = ("Authorization: Basic %s\r\n" %
                             b64encode('a b:c d'))
            fp = urllib.urlopen(url)
            # The authorization header must be in place
            self.assertIn(authorization, fakehttp_wrapper.buf)
            self.assertEqual(fp.readline(), "Hello!")
            self.assertEqual(fp.readline(), "")
            # the spaces are quoted in URL so no match
            self.assertNotEqual(fp.geturl(), url)
            self.assertEqual(fp.getcode(), 200)
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()


class urlretrieve_FileTests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Test urllib.urlretrieve() on local files"""

    def setUp(self):
        # Create a list of temporary files. Each item in the list is a file
        # name (absolute path or relative to the current working directory).
        # All files in this list will be deleted in the tearDown method. Note,
        # this only helps to makes sure temporary files get deleted, but it
        # does nothing about trying to close files that may still be open. It
        # is the responsibility of the developer to properly close files even
        # when exceptional conditions occur.
        self.tempFiles = []

        # Create a temporary file.
        self.registerFileForCleanUp(test_support.TESTFN)
        self.text = 'testing urllib.urlretrieve'
        try:
            FILE = file(test_support.TESTFN, 'wb')
            FILE.write(self.text)
            FILE.close()
        finally:
            try: FILE.close()
            except: pass

    def tearDown(self):
        # Delete the temporary files.
        for each in self.tempFiles:
            try: os.remove(each)
            except: pass

    def constructLocalFileUrl(self, filePath):
        return "file://%s" % urllib.pathname2url(os.path.abspath(filePath))

    def createNewTempFile(self, data=""):
        """Creates a new temporary file containing the specified data,
        registers the file for deletion during the test fixture tear down, and
        returns the absolute path of the file."""

        newFd, newFilePath = tempfile.mkstemp()
        try:
            self.registerFileForCleanUp(newFilePath)
            newFile = os.fdopen(newFd, "wb")
            newFile.write(data)
            newFile.close()
        finally:
            try: newFile.close()
            except: pass
        return newFilePath

    def registerFileForCleanUp(self, fileName):
        self.tempFiles.append(fileName)

    def test_basic(self):
        # Make sure that a local file just gets its own location returned and
        # a headers value is returned.
        result = urllib.urlretrieve("file:%s" % test_support.TESTFN)
        self.assertEqual(result[0], test_support.TESTFN)
        self.assertIsInstance(result[1], mimetools.Message,
                              "did not get a mimetools.Message instance as "
                              "second returned value")

    def test_copy(self):
        # Test that setting the filename argument works.
        second_temp = "%s.2" % test_support.TESTFN
        self.registerFileForCleanUp(second_temp)
        result = urllib.urlretrieve(self.constructLocalFileUrl(
            test_support.TESTFN), second_temp)
        self.assertEqual(second_temp, result[0])
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(second_temp), "copy of the file was not "
                                                  "made")
        FILE = file(second_temp, 'rb')
        try:
            text = FILE.read()
            FILE.close()
        finally:
            try: FILE.close()
            except: pass
        self.assertEqual(self.text, text)

    def test_reporthook(self):
        # Make sure that the reporthook works.
        def hooktester(count, block_size, total_size, count_holder=[0]):
            self.assertIsInstance(count, int)
            self.assertIsInstance(block_size, int)
            self.assertIsInstance(total_size, int)
            self.assertEqual(count, count_holder[0])
            count_holder[0] = count_holder[0] + 1
        second_temp = "%s.2" % test_support.TESTFN
        self.registerFileForCleanUp(second_temp)
        urllib.urlretrieve(self.constructLocalFileUrl(test_support.TESTFN),
            second_temp, hooktester)

    def test_reporthook_0_bytes(self):
        # Test on zero length file. Should call reporthook only 1 time.
        report = []
        def hooktester(count, block_size, total_size, _report=report):
            _report.append((count, block_size, total_size))
        srcFileName = self.createNewTempFile()
        urllib.urlretrieve(self.constructLocalFileUrl(srcFileName),
            test_support.TESTFN, hooktester)
        self.assertEqual(len(report), 1)
        self.assertEqual(report[0][2], 0)

    def test_reporthook_5_bytes(self):
        # Test on 5 byte file. Should call reporthook only 2 times (once when
        # the "network connection" is established and once when the block is
        # read). Since the block size is 8192 bytes, only one block read is
        # required to read the entire file.
        report = []
        def hooktester(count, block_size, total_size, _report=report):
            _report.append((count, block_size, total_size))
        srcFileName = self.createNewTempFile("x" * 5)
        urllib.urlretrieve(self.constructLocalFileUrl(srcFileName),
            test_support.TESTFN, hooktester)
        self.assertEqual(len(report), 2)
        self.assertEqual(report[0][1], 8192)
        self.assertEqual(report[0][2], 5)

    def test_reporthook_8193_bytes(self):
        # Test on 8193 byte file. Should call reporthook only 3 times (once
        # when the "network connection" is established, once for the next 8192
        # bytes, and once for the last byte).
        report = []
        def hooktester(count, block_size, total_size, _report=report):
            _report.append((count, block_size, total_size))
        srcFileName = self.createNewTempFile("x" * 8193)
        urllib.urlretrieve(self.constructLocalFileUrl(srcFileName),
            test_support.TESTFN, hooktester)
        self.assertEqual(len(report), 3)
        self.assertEqual(report[0][1], 8192)
        self.assertEqual(report[0][2], 8193)


class urlretrieve_HttpTests(unittest.TestCase, FakeHTTPMixin):
    """Test urllib.urlretrieve() using fake http connections"""

    def test_short_content_raises_ContentTooShortError(self):
        self.fakehttp('''HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 02 Jan 2008 03:03:54 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.33 (Debian GNU/Linux) mod_ssl/2.8.22 OpenSSL/0.9.7e
Connection: close
Content-Length: 100
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

FF
''')

        def _reporthook(par1, par2, par3):
            pass

        try:
            self.assertRaises(urllib.ContentTooShortError, urllib.urlretrieve,
                    'http://example.com', reporthook=_reporthook)
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

    def test_short_content_raises_ContentTooShortError_without_reporthook(self):
        self.fakehttp('''HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 02 Jan 2008 03:03:54 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.33 (Debian GNU/Linux) mod_ssl/2.8.22 OpenSSL/0.9.7e
Connection: close
Content-Length: 100
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

FF
''')
        try:
            self.assertRaises(urllib.ContentTooShortError, urllib.urlretrieve, 'http://example.com/')
        finally:
            self.unfakehttp()

class QuotingTests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Tests for urllib.quote() and urllib.quote_plus()

    According to RFC 2396 ("Uniform Resource Identifiers), to escape a
    character you write it as '%' + <2 character US-ASCII hex value>.  The Python
    code of ``'%' + hex(ord(<character>))[2:]`` escapes a character properly.
    Case does not matter on the hex letters.

    The various character sets specified are:

    Reserved characters : ";/?:@&=+$,"
        Have special meaning in URIs and must be escaped if not being used for
        their special meaning
    Data characters : letters, digits, and "-_.!~*'()"
        Unreserved and do not need to be escaped; can be, though, if desired
    Control characters : 0x00 - 0x1F, 0x7F
        Have no use in URIs so must be escaped
    space : 0x20
        Must be escaped
    Delimiters : '<>#%"'
        Must be escaped
    Unwise : "{}|\^[]`"
        Must be escaped

    """

    def test_never_quote(self):
        # Make sure quote() does not quote letters, digits, and "_,.-"
        do_not_quote = '' .join(["ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ",
                                 "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
                                 "0123456789",
                                 "_.-"])
        result = urllib.quote(do_not_quote)
        self.assertEqual(do_not_quote, result,
                         "using quote(): %s != %s" % (do_not_quote, result))
        result = urllib.quote_plus(do_not_quote)
        self.assertEqual(do_not_quote, result,
                        "using quote_plus(): %s != %s" % (do_not_quote, result))

    def test_default_safe(self):
        # Test '/' is default value for 'safe' parameter
        self.assertEqual(urllib.quote.func_defaults[0], '/')

    def test_safe(self):
        # Test setting 'safe' parameter does what it should do
        quote_by_default = "<>"
        result = urllib.quote(quote_by_default, safe=quote_by_default)
        self.assertEqual(quote_by_default, result,
                         "using quote(): %s != %s" % (quote_by_default, result))
        result = urllib.quote_plus(quote_by_default, safe=quote_by_default)
        self.assertEqual(quote_by_default, result,
                         "using quote_plus(): %s != %s" %
                         (quote_by_default, result))

    def test_default_quoting(self):
        # Make sure all characters that should be quoted are by default sans
        # space (separate test for that).
        should_quote = [chr(num) for num in range(32)] # For 0x00 - 0x1F
        should_quote.append('<>#%"{}|\^[]`')
        should_quote.append(chr(127)) # For 0x7F
        should_quote = ''.join(should_quote)
        for char in should_quote:
            result = urllib.quote(char)
            self.assertEqual(hexescape(char), result,
                             "using quote(): %s should be escaped to %s, not %s" %
                             (char, hexescape(char), result))
            result = urllib.quote_plus(char)
            self.assertEqual(hexescape(char), result,
                             "using quote_plus(): "
                             "%s should be escapes to %s, not %s" %
                             (char, hexescape(char), result))
        del should_quote
        partial_quote = "ab[]cd"
        expected = "ab%5B%5Dcd"
        result = urllib.quote(partial_quote)
        self.assertEqual(expected, result,
                         "using quote(): %s != %s" % (expected, result))
        result = urllib.quote_plus(partial_quote)
        self.assertEqual(expected, result,
                         "using quote_plus(): %s != %s" % (expected, result))
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, urllib.quote, None)

    def test_quoting_space(self):
        # Make sure quote() and quote_plus() handle spaces as specified in
        # their unique way
        result = urllib.quote(' ')
        self.assertEqual(result, hexescape(' '),
                         "using quote(): %s != %s" % (result, hexescape(' ')))
        result = urllib.quote_plus(' ')
        self.assertEqual(result, '+',
                         "using quote_plus(): %s != +" % result)
        given = "a b cd e f"
        expect = given.replace(' ', hexescape(' '))
        result = urllib.quote(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "using quote(): %s != %s" % (expect, result))
        expect = given.replace(' ', '+')
        result = urllib.quote_plus(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "using quote_plus(): %s != %s" % (expect, result))

    def test_quoting_plus(self):
        self.assertEqual(urllib.quote_plus('alpha+beta gamma'),
                         'alpha%2Bbeta+gamma')
        self.assertEqual(urllib.quote_plus('alpha+beta gamma', '+'),
                         'alpha+beta+gamma')

class UnquotingTests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Tests for unquote() and unquote_plus()

    See the doc string for quoting_Tests for details on quoting and such.

    """

    def test_unquoting(self):
        # Make sure unquoting of all ASCII values works
        escape_list = []
        for num in range(128):
            given = hexescape(chr(num))
            expect = chr(num)
            result = urllib.unquote(given)
            self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                             "using unquote(): %s != %s" % (expect, result))
            result = urllib.unquote_plus(given)
            self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                             "using unquote_plus(): %s != %s" %
                             (expect, result))
            escape_list.append(given)
        escape_string = ''.join(escape_list)
        del escape_list
        result = urllib.unquote(escape_string)
        self.assertEqual(result.count('%'), 1,
                         "using quote(): not all characters escaped; %s" %
                         result)
        result = urllib.unquote(escape_string)
        self.assertEqual(result.count('%'), 1,
                         "using unquote(): not all characters escaped: "
                         "%s" % result)

    def test_unquoting_badpercent(self):
        # Test unquoting on bad percent-escapes
        given = '%xab'
        expect = given
        result = urllib.unquote(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result, "using unquote(): %r != %r"
                         % (expect, result))
        given = '%x'
        expect = given
        result = urllib.unquote(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result, "using unquote(): %r != %r"
                         % (expect, result))
        given = '%'
        expect = given
        result = urllib.unquote(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result, "using unquote(): %r != %r"
                         % (expect, result))

    def test_unquoting_mixed_case(self):
        # Test unquoting on mixed-case hex digits in the percent-escapes
        given = '%Ab%eA'
        expect = '\xab\xea'
        result = urllib.unquote(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result, "using unquote(): %r != %r"
                         % (expect, result))

    def test_unquoting_parts(self):
        # Make sure unquoting works when have non-quoted characters
        # interspersed
        given = 'ab%sd' % hexescape('c')
        expect = "abcd"
        result = urllib.unquote(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "using quote(): %s != %s" % (expect, result))
        result = urllib.unquote_plus(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "using unquote_plus(): %s != %s" % (expect, result))

    def test_unquoting_plus(self):
        # Test difference between unquote() and unquote_plus()
        given = "are+there+spaces..."
        expect = given
        result = urllib.unquote(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "using unquote(): %s != %s" % (expect, result))
        expect = given.replace('+', ' ')
        result = urllib.unquote_plus(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "using unquote_plus(): %s != %s" % (expect, result))

    def test_unquote_with_unicode(self):
        r = urllib.unquote(u'br%C3%BCckner_sapporo_20050930.doc')
        self.assertEqual(r, u'br\xc3\xbcckner_sapporo_20050930.doc')

class urlencode_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Tests for urlencode()"""

    def help_inputtype(self, given, test_type):
        """Helper method for testing different input types.

        'given' must lead to only the pairs:
            * 1st, 1
            * 2nd, 2
            * 3rd, 3

        Test cannot assume anything about order.  Docs make no guarantee and
        have possible dictionary input.

        """
        expect_somewhere = ["1st=1", "2nd=2", "3rd=3"]
        result = urllib.urlencode(given)
        for expected in expect_somewhere:
            self.assertIn(expected, result,
                         "testing %s: %s not found in %s" %
                         (test_type, expected, result))
        self.assertEqual(result.count('&'), 2,
                         "testing %s: expected 2 '&'s; got %s" %
                         (test_type, result.count('&')))
        amp_location = result.index('&')
        on_amp_left = result[amp_location - 1]
        on_amp_right = result[amp_location + 1]
        self.assertTrue(on_amp_left.isdigit() and on_amp_right.isdigit(),
                     "testing %s: '&' not located in proper place in %s" %
                     (test_type, result))
        self.assertEqual(len(result), (5 * 3) + 2, #5 chars per thing and amps
                         "testing %s: "
                         "unexpected number of characters: %s != %s" %
                         (test_type, len(result), (5 * 3) + 2))

    def test_using_mapping(self):
        # Test passing in a mapping object as an argument.
        self.help_inputtype({"1st":'1', "2nd":'2', "3rd":'3'},
                            "using dict as input type")

    def test_using_sequence(self):
        # Test passing in a sequence of two-item sequences as an argument.
        self.help_inputtype([('1st', '1'), ('2nd', '2'), ('3rd', '3')],
                            "using sequence of two-item tuples as input")

    def test_quoting(self):
        # Make sure keys and values are quoted using quote_plus()
        given = {"&":"="}
        expect = "%s=%s" % (hexescape('&'), hexescape('='))
        result = urllib.urlencode(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result)
        given = {"key name":"A bunch of pluses"}
        expect = "key+name=A+bunch+of+pluses"
        result = urllib.urlencode(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result)

    def test_doseq(self):
        # Test that passing True for 'doseq' parameter works correctly
        given = {'sequence':['1', '2', '3']}
        expect = "sequence=%s" % urllib.quote_plus(str(['1', '2', '3']))
        result = urllib.urlencode(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result)
        result = urllib.urlencode(given, True)
        for value in given["sequence"]:
            expect = "sequence=%s" % value
            self.assertIn(expect, result)
        self.assertEqual(result.count('&'), 2,
                         "Expected 2 '&'s, got %s" % result.count('&'))

class Pathname_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Test pathname2url() and url2pathname()"""

    def test_basic(self):
        # Make sure simple tests pass
        expected_path = os.path.join("parts", "of", "a", "path")
        expected_url = "parts/of/a/path"
        result = urllib.pathname2url(expected_path)
        self.assertEqual(expected_url, result,
                         "pathname2url() failed; %s != %s" %
                         (result, expected_url))
        result = urllib.url2pathname(expected_url)
        self.assertEqual(expected_path, result,
                         "url2pathame() failed; %s != %s" %
                         (result, expected_path))

    def test_quoting(self):
        # Test automatic quoting and unquoting works for pathnam2url() and
        # url2pathname() respectively
        given = os.path.join("needs", "quot=ing", "here")
        expect = "needs/%s/here" % urllib.quote("quot=ing")
        result = urllib.pathname2url(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "pathname2url() failed; %s != %s" %
                         (expect, result))
        expect = given
        result = urllib.url2pathname(result)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "url2pathname() failed; %s != %s" %
                         (expect, result))
        given = os.path.join("make sure", "using_quote")
        expect = "%s/using_quote" % urllib.quote("make sure")
        result = urllib.pathname2url(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "pathname2url() failed; %s != %s" %
                         (expect, result))
        given = "make+sure/using_unquote"
        expect = os.path.join("make+sure", "using_unquote")
        result = urllib.url2pathname(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         "url2pathname() failed; %s != %s" %
                         (expect, result))

    @unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform == 'win32',
                         'test specific to the nturl2path library')
    def test_ntpath(self):
        given = ('/C:/', '///C:/', '/C|//')
        expect = 'C:\\'
        for url in given:
            result = urllib.url2pathname(url)
            self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                             'nturl2path.url2pathname() failed; %s != %s' %
                             (expect, result))
        given = '///C|/path'
        expect = 'C:\\path'
        result = urllib.url2pathname(given)
        self.assertEqual(expect, result,
                         'nturl2path.url2pathname() failed; %s != %s' %
                         (expect, result))

class Utility_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Testcase to test the various utility functions in the urllib."""
    # In Python 3 this test class is moved to test_urlparse.

    def test_splittype(self):
        splittype = urllib.splittype
        self.assertEqual(splittype('type:opaquestring'), ('type', 'opaquestring'))
        self.assertEqual(splittype('opaquestring'), (None, 'opaquestring'))
        self.assertEqual(splittype(':opaquestring'), (None, ':opaquestring'))
        self.assertEqual(splittype('type:'), ('type', ''))
        self.assertEqual(splittype('type:opaque:string'), ('type', 'opaque:string'))

    def test_splithost(self):
        splithost = urllib.splithost
        self.assertEqual(splithost('//www.example.org:80/foo/bar/baz.html'),
                         ('www.example.org:80', '/foo/bar/baz.html'))
        self.assertEqual(splithost('//www.example.org:80'),
                         ('www.example.org:80', ''))
        self.assertEqual(splithost('/foo/bar/baz.html'),
                         (None, '/foo/bar/baz.html'))

    def test_splituser(self):
        splituser = urllib.splituser
        self.assertEqual(splituser('User:Pass@www.python.org:080'),
                         ('User:Pass', 'www.python.org:080'))
        self.assertEqual(splituser('@www.python.org:080'),
                         ('', 'www.python.org:080'))
        self.assertEqual(splituser('www.python.org:080'),
                         (None, 'www.python.org:080'))
        self.assertEqual(splituser('User:Pass@'),
                         ('User:Pass', ''))
        self.assertEqual(splituser('User@example.com:Pass@www.python.org:080'),
                         ('User@example.com:Pass', 'www.python.org:080'))

    def test_splitpasswd(self):
        # Some of the password examples are not sensible, but it is added to
        # confirming to RFC2617 and addressing issue4675.
        splitpasswd = urllib.splitpasswd
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:ab'), ('user', 'ab'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\nb'), ('user', 'a\nb'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\tb'), ('user', 'a\tb'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\rb'), ('user', 'a\rb'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\fb'), ('user', 'a\fb'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\vb'), ('user', 'a\vb'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a:b'), ('user', 'a:b'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a b'), ('user', 'a b'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user 2:ab'), ('user 2', 'ab'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user+1:a+b'), ('user+1', 'a+b'))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:'), ('user', ''))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user'), ('user', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitpasswd(':ab'), ('', 'ab'))

    def test_splitport(self):
        splitport = urllib.splitport
        self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot:88'), ('parrot', '88'))
        self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot'), ('parrot', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot:'), ('parrot', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitport('127.0.0.1'), ('127.0.0.1', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot:cheese'), ('parrot:cheese', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitport('[::1]:88'), ('[::1]', '88'))
        self.assertEqual(splitport('[::1]'), ('[::1]', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitport(':88'), ('', '88'))

    def test_splitnport(self):
        splitnport = urllib.splitnport
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:88'), ('parrot', 88))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot'), ('parrot', -1))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot', 55), ('parrot', 55))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:'), ('parrot', -1))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:', 55), ('parrot', 55))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('127.0.0.1'), ('127.0.0.1', -1))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('127.0.0.1', 55), ('127.0.0.1', 55))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:cheese'), ('parrot', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:cheese', 55), ('parrot', None))

    def test_splitquery(self):
        # Normal cases are exercised by other tests; ensure that we also
        # catch cases with no port specified (testcase ensuring coverage)
        splitquery = urllib.splitquery
        self.assertEqual(splitquery('http://python.org/fake?foo=bar'),
                         ('http://python.org/fake', 'foo=bar'))
        self.assertEqual(splitquery('http://python.org/fake?foo=bar?'),
                         ('http://python.org/fake?foo=bar', ''))
        self.assertEqual(splitquery('http://python.org/fake'),
                         ('http://python.org/fake', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitquery('?foo=bar'), ('', 'foo=bar'))

    def test_splittag(self):
        splittag = urllib.splittag
        self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar#baz'),
                         ('http://example.com?foo=bar', 'baz'))
        self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar#'),
                         ('http://example.com?foo=bar', ''))
        self.assertEqual(splittag('#baz'), ('', 'baz'))
        self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar'),
                         ('http://example.com?foo=bar', None))
        self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar#baz#boo'),
                         ('http://example.com?foo=bar#baz', 'boo'))

    def test_splitattr(self):
        splitattr = urllib.splitattr
        self.assertEqual(splitattr('/path;attr1=value1;attr2=value2'),
                         ('/path', ['attr1=value1', 'attr2=value2']))
        self.assertEqual(splitattr('/path;'), ('/path', ['']))
        self.assertEqual(splitattr(';attr1=value1;attr2=value2'),
                         ('', ['attr1=value1', 'attr2=value2']))
        self.assertEqual(splitattr('/path'), ('/path', []))

    def test_splitvalue(self):
        # Normal cases are exercised by other tests; test pathological cases
        # with no key/value pairs. (testcase ensuring coverage)
        splitvalue = urllib.splitvalue
        self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foo=bar'), ('foo', 'bar'))
        self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foo='), ('foo', ''))
        self.assertEqual(splitvalue('=bar'), ('', 'bar'))
        self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foobar'), ('foobar', None))
        self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foo=bar=baz'), ('foo', 'bar=baz'))

    def test_toBytes(self):
        result = urllib.toBytes(u'http://www.python.org')
        self.assertEqual(result, 'http://www.python.org')
        self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, urllib.toBytes,
                          test_support.u(r'http://www.python.org/medi\u00e6val'))

    def test_unwrap(self):
        url = urllib.unwrap('<URL:type://host/path>')
        self.assertEqual(url, 'type://host/path')


class URLopener_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
    """Testcase to test the open method of URLopener class."""

    def test_quoted_open(self):
        class DummyURLopener(urllib.URLopener):
            def open_spam(self, url):
                return url

        self.assertEqual(DummyURLopener().open(
            'spam://example/ /'),'//example/%20/')

        # test the safe characters are not quoted by urlopen
        self.assertEqual(DummyURLopener().open(
            "spam://c:|windows%/:=&?~#+!$,;'@()*[]|/path/"),
            "//c:|windows%/:=&?~#+!$,;'@()*[]|/path/")


# Just commented them out.
# Can't really tell why keep failing in windows and sparc.
# Everywhere else they work ok, but on those machines, sometimes
# fail in one of the tests, sometimes in other. I have a linux, and
# the tests go ok.
# If anybody has one of the problematic environments, please help!
# .   Facundo
#
# def server(evt):
#     import socket, time
#     serv = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
#     serv.settimeout(3)
#     serv.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
#     serv.bind(("", 9093))
#     serv.listen(5)
#     try:
#         conn, addr = serv.accept()
#         conn.send("1 Hola mundo\n")
#         cantdata = 0
#         while cantdata < 13:
#             data = conn.recv(13-cantdata)
#             cantdata += len(data)
#             time.sleep(.3)
#         conn.send("2 No more lines\n")
#         conn.close()
#     except socket.timeout:
#         pass
#     finally:
#         serv.close()
#         evt.set()
#
# class FTPWrapperTests(unittest.TestCase):
#
#     def setUp(self):
#         import ftplib, time, threading
#         ftplib.FTP.port = 9093
#         self.evt = threading.Event()
#         threading.Thread(target=server, args=(self.evt,)).start()
#         time.sleep(.1)
#
#     def tearDown(self):
#         self.evt.wait()
#
#     def testBasic(self):
#         # connects
#         ftp = urllib.ftpwrapper("myuser", "mypass", "localhost", 9093, [])
#         ftp.close()
#
#     def testTimeoutNone(self):
#         # global default timeout is ignored
#         import socket
#         self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
#         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
#         try:
#             ftp = urllib.ftpwrapper("myuser", "mypass", "localhost", 9093, [])
#         finally:
#             socket.setdefaulttimeout(None)
#         self.assertEqual(ftp.ftp.sock.gettimeout(), 30)
#         ftp.close()
#
#     def testTimeoutDefault(self):
#         # global default timeout is used
#         import socket
#         self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
#         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
#         try:
#             ftp = urllib.ftpwrapper("myuser", "mypass", "localhost", 9093, [])
#         finally:
#             socket.setdefaulttimeout(None)
#         self.assertEqual(ftp.ftp.sock.gettimeout(), 30)
#         ftp.close()
#
#     def testTimeoutValue(self):
#         ftp = urllib.ftpwrapper("myuser", "mypass", "localhost", 9093, [],
#                                 timeout=30)
#         self.assertEqual(ftp.ftp.sock.gettimeout(), 30)
#         ftp.close()



def test_main():
    import warnings
    with warnings.catch_warnings():
        warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', ".*urllib\.urlopen.*Python 3.0",
                                DeprecationWarning)
        test_support.run_unittest(
            urlopen_FileTests,
            urlopen_HttpTests,
            urlretrieve_FileTests,
            urlretrieve_HttpTests,
            ProxyTests,
            QuotingTests,
            UnquotingTests,
            urlencode_Tests,
            Pathname_Tests,
            Utility_Tests,
            URLopener_Tests,
            ProxyTests,
            ProxyTests_withOrderedEnv,
            #FTPWrapperTests,
        )



if __name__ == '__main__':
    test_main()