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Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001"""HTTP server classes.
2
3Note: BaseHTTPRequestHandler doesn't implement any HTTP request; see
4SimpleHTTPRequestHandler for simple implementations of GET, HEAD and POST,
5and CGIHTTPRequestHandler for CGI scripts.
6
7It does, however, optionally implement HTTP/1.1 persistent connections,
8as of version 0.3.
9
10Notes on CGIHTTPRequestHandler
11------------------------------
12
13This class implements GET and POST requests to cgi-bin scripts.
14
15If the os.fork() function is not present (e.g. on Windows),
Amaury Forgeot d'Arccb0d2d72008-06-18 22:19:22 +000016subprocess.Popen() is used as a fallback, with slightly altered semantics.
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +000017
18In all cases, the implementation is intentionally naive -- all
19requests are executed synchronously.
20
21SECURITY WARNING: DON'T USE THIS CODE UNLESS YOU ARE INSIDE A FIREWALL
22-- it may execute arbitrary Python code or external programs.
23
24Note that status code 200 is sent prior to execution of a CGI script, so
25scripts cannot send other status codes such as 302 (redirect).
26
27XXX To do:
28
29- log requests even later (to capture byte count)
30- log user-agent header and other interesting goodies
31- send error log to separate file
32"""
33
34
35# See also:
36#
37# HTTP Working Group T. Berners-Lee
38# INTERNET-DRAFT R. T. Fielding
39# <draft-ietf-http-v10-spec-00.txt> H. Frystyk Nielsen
40# Expires September 8, 1995 March 8, 1995
41#
42# URL: http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/draft-ietf-http-v10-spec-00.txt
43#
44# and
45#
46# Network Working Group R. Fielding
47# Request for Comments: 2616 et al
48# Obsoletes: 2068 June 1999
49# Category: Standards Track
50#
51# URL: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2616.html
52
53# Log files
54# ---------
55#
56# Here's a quote from the NCSA httpd docs about log file format.
57#
58# | The logfile format is as follows. Each line consists of:
59# |
60# | host rfc931 authuser [DD/Mon/YYYY:hh:mm:ss] "request" ddd bbbb
61# |
62# | host: Either the DNS name or the IP number of the remote client
63# | rfc931: Any information returned by identd for this person,
64# | - otherwise.
65# | authuser: If user sent a userid for authentication, the user name,
66# | - otherwise.
67# | DD: Day
68# | Mon: Month (calendar name)
69# | YYYY: Year
70# | hh: hour (24-hour format, the machine's timezone)
71# | mm: minutes
72# | ss: seconds
73# | request: The first line of the HTTP request as sent by the client.
74# | ddd: the status code returned by the server, - if not available.
75# | bbbb: the total number of bytes sent,
76# | *not including the HTTP/1.0 header*, - if not available
77# |
78# | You can determine the name of the file accessed through request.
79#
80# (Actually, the latter is only true if you know the server configuration
81# at the time the request was made!)
82
83__version__ = "0.6"
84
85__all__ = ["HTTPServer", "BaseHTTPRequestHandler"]
86
Georg Brandl1f7fffb2010-10-15 15:57:45 +000087import html
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +000088import email.message
89import email.parser
Jeremy Hylton914ab452009-03-27 17:16:06 +000090import http.client
91import io
92import mimetypes
93import os
94import posixpath
95import select
96import shutil
97import socket # For gethostbyaddr()
98import socketserver
99import sys
100import time
101import urllib.parse
Senthil Kumaran42713722010-10-03 17:55:45 +0000102import copy
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000103
104# Default error message template
105DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE = """\
Senthil Kumaran1b407fe2011-03-20 10:44:30 +0800106<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
107 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
Ezio Melottica897e92011-11-02 19:33:29 +0200108<html>
Senthil Kumaranb253c9f2011-03-17 16:43:22 +0800109 <head>
Senthil Kumaran1b407fe2011-03-20 10:44:30 +0800110 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
Senthil Kumaranb253c9f2011-03-17 16:43:22 +0800111 <title>Error response</title>
112 </head>
113 <body>
114 <h1>Error response</h1>
115 <p>Error code: %(code)d</p>
116 <p>Message: %(message)s.</p>
117 <p>Error code explanation: %(code)s - %(explain)s.</p>
118 </body>
119</html>
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000120"""
121
122DEFAULT_ERROR_CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html;charset=utf-8"
123
124def _quote_html(html):
125 return html.replace("&", "&amp;").replace("<", "&lt;").replace(">", "&gt;")
126
127class HTTPServer(socketserver.TCPServer):
128
129 allow_reuse_address = 1 # Seems to make sense in testing environment
130
131 def server_bind(self):
132 """Override server_bind to store the server name."""
133 socketserver.TCPServer.server_bind(self)
134 host, port = self.socket.getsockname()[:2]
135 self.server_name = socket.getfqdn(host)
136 self.server_port = port
137
138
139class BaseHTTPRequestHandler(socketserver.StreamRequestHandler):
140
141 """HTTP request handler base class.
142
143 The following explanation of HTTP serves to guide you through the
144 code as well as to expose any misunderstandings I may have about
145 HTTP (so you don't need to read the code to figure out I'm wrong
146 :-).
147
148 HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is an extensible protocol on
149 top of a reliable stream transport (e.g. TCP/IP). The protocol
150 recognizes three parts to a request:
151
152 1. One line identifying the request type and path
153 2. An optional set of RFC-822-style headers
154 3. An optional data part
155
156 The headers and data are separated by a blank line.
157
158 The first line of the request has the form
159
160 <command> <path> <version>
161
162 where <command> is a (case-sensitive) keyword such as GET or POST,
163 <path> is a string containing path information for the request,
164 and <version> should be the string "HTTP/1.0" or "HTTP/1.1".
165 <path> is encoded using the URL encoding scheme (using %xx to signify
166 the ASCII character with hex code xx).
167
168 The specification specifies that lines are separated by CRLF but
169 for compatibility with the widest range of clients recommends
170 servers also handle LF. Similarly, whitespace in the request line
171 is treated sensibly (allowing multiple spaces between components
172 and allowing trailing whitespace).
173
174 Similarly, for output, lines ought to be separated by CRLF pairs
175 but most clients grok LF characters just fine.
176
177 If the first line of the request has the form
178
179 <command> <path>
180
181 (i.e. <version> is left out) then this is assumed to be an HTTP
182 0.9 request; this form has no optional headers and data part and
183 the reply consists of just the data.
184
185 The reply form of the HTTP 1.x protocol again has three parts:
186
187 1. One line giving the response code
188 2. An optional set of RFC-822-style headers
189 3. The data
190
191 Again, the headers and data are separated by a blank line.
192
193 The response code line has the form
194
195 <version> <responsecode> <responsestring>
196
197 where <version> is the protocol version ("HTTP/1.0" or "HTTP/1.1"),
198 <responsecode> is a 3-digit response code indicating success or
199 failure of the request, and <responsestring> is an optional
200 human-readable string explaining what the response code means.
201
202 This server parses the request and the headers, and then calls a
203 function specific to the request type (<command>). Specifically,
204 a request SPAM will be handled by a method do_SPAM(). If no
205 such method exists the server sends an error response to the
206 client. If it exists, it is called with no arguments:
207
208 do_SPAM()
209
210 Note that the request name is case sensitive (i.e. SPAM and spam
211 are different requests).
212
213 The various request details are stored in instance variables:
214
215 - client_address is the client IP address in the form (host,
216 port);
217
218 - command, path and version are the broken-down request line;
219
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +0000220 - headers is an instance of email.message.Message (or a derived
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000221 class) containing the header information;
222
223 - rfile is a file object open for reading positioned at the
224 start of the optional input data part;
225
226 - wfile is a file object open for writing.
227
228 IT IS IMPORTANT TO ADHERE TO THE PROTOCOL FOR WRITING!
229
230 The first thing to be written must be the response line. Then
231 follow 0 or more header lines, then a blank line, and then the
232 actual data (if any). The meaning of the header lines depends on
233 the command executed by the server; in most cases, when data is
234 returned, there should be at least one header line of the form
235
236 Content-type: <type>/<subtype>
237
238 where <type> and <subtype> should be registered MIME types,
239 e.g. "text/html" or "text/plain".
240
241 """
242
243 # The Python system version, truncated to its first component.
244 sys_version = "Python/" + sys.version.split()[0]
245
246 # The server software version. You may want to override this.
247 # The format is multiple whitespace-separated strings,
248 # where each string is of the form name[/version].
249 server_version = "BaseHTTP/" + __version__
250
251 error_message_format = DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE
252 error_content_type = DEFAULT_ERROR_CONTENT_TYPE
253
254 # The default request version. This only affects responses up until
255 # the point where the request line is parsed, so it mainly decides what
256 # the client gets back when sending a malformed request line.
257 # Most web servers default to HTTP 0.9, i.e. don't send a status line.
258 default_request_version = "HTTP/0.9"
259
260 def parse_request(self):
261 """Parse a request (internal).
262
263 The request should be stored in self.raw_requestline; the results
264 are in self.command, self.path, self.request_version and
265 self.headers.
266
267 Return True for success, False for failure; on failure, an
268 error is sent back.
269
270 """
271 self.command = None # set in case of error on the first line
272 self.request_version = version = self.default_request_version
273 self.close_connection = 1
274 requestline = str(self.raw_requestline, 'iso-8859-1')
Senthil Kumaran30755492011-12-23 17:03:41 +0800275 requestline = requestline.rstrip('\r\n')
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000276 self.requestline = requestline
277 words = requestline.split()
278 if len(words) == 3:
Senthil Kumaran30755492011-12-23 17:03:41 +0800279 command, path, version = words
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000280 if version[:5] != 'HTTP/':
281 self.send_error(400, "Bad request version (%r)" % version)
282 return False
283 try:
284 base_version_number = version.split('/', 1)[1]
285 version_number = base_version_number.split(".")
286 # RFC 2145 section 3.1 says there can be only one "." and
287 # - major and minor numbers MUST be treated as
288 # separate integers;
289 # - HTTP/2.4 is a lower version than HTTP/2.13, which in
290 # turn is lower than HTTP/12.3;
291 # - Leading zeros MUST be ignored by recipients.
292 if len(version_number) != 2:
293 raise ValueError
294 version_number = int(version_number[0]), int(version_number[1])
295 except (ValueError, IndexError):
296 self.send_error(400, "Bad request version (%r)" % version)
297 return False
298 if version_number >= (1, 1) and self.protocol_version >= "HTTP/1.1":
299 self.close_connection = 0
300 if version_number >= (2, 0):
301 self.send_error(505,
302 "Invalid HTTP Version (%s)" % base_version_number)
303 return False
304 elif len(words) == 2:
Senthil Kumaran30755492011-12-23 17:03:41 +0800305 command, path = words
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000306 self.close_connection = 1
307 if command != 'GET':
308 self.send_error(400,
309 "Bad HTTP/0.9 request type (%r)" % command)
310 return False
311 elif not words:
312 return False
313 else:
314 self.send_error(400, "Bad request syntax (%r)" % requestline)
315 return False
316 self.command, self.path, self.request_version = command, path, version
317
318 # Examine the headers and look for a Connection directive.
Senthil Kumaran5466bf12010-12-18 16:55:23 +0000319 try:
320 self.headers = http.client.parse_headers(self.rfile,
321 _class=self.MessageClass)
322 except http.client.LineTooLong:
323 self.send_error(400, "Line too long")
324 return False
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000325
326 conntype = self.headers.get('Connection', "")
327 if conntype.lower() == 'close':
328 self.close_connection = 1
329 elif (conntype.lower() == 'keep-alive' and
330 self.protocol_version >= "HTTP/1.1"):
331 self.close_connection = 0
Senthil Kumaran0f476d42010-09-30 06:09:18 +0000332 # Examine the headers and look for an Expect directive
333 expect = self.headers.get('Expect', "")
334 if (expect.lower() == "100-continue" and
335 self.protocol_version >= "HTTP/1.1" and
336 self.request_version >= "HTTP/1.1"):
337 if not self.handle_expect_100():
338 return False
339 return True
340
341 def handle_expect_100(self):
342 """Decide what to do with an "Expect: 100-continue" header.
343
344 If the client is expecting a 100 Continue response, we must
345 respond with either a 100 Continue or a final response before
346 waiting for the request body. The default is to always respond
347 with a 100 Continue. You can behave differently (for example,
348 reject unauthorized requests) by overriding this method.
349
350 This method should either return True (possibly after sending
351 a 100 Continue response) or send an error response and return
352 False.
353
354 """
355 self.send_response_only(100)
Senthil Kumaranc7ae19b2011-05-09 23:25:02 +0800356 self.flush_headers()
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000357 return True
358
359 def handle_one_request(self):
360 """Handle a single HTTP request.
361
362 You normally don't need to override this method; see the class
363 __doc__ string for information on how to handle specific HTTP
364 commands such as GET and POST.
365
366 """
Kristján Valur Jónsson985fc6a2009-07-01 10:01:31 +0000367 try:
Antoine Pitrouc4924372010-12-16 16:48:36 +0000368 self.raw_requestline = self.rfile.readline(65537)
369 if len(self.raw_requestline) > 65536:
370 self.requestline = ''
371 self.request_version = ''
372 self.command = ''
373 self.send_error(414)
374 return
Kristján Valur Jónsson985fc6a2009-07-01 10:01:31 +0000375 if not self.raw_requestline:
376 self.close_connection = 1
377 return
378 if not self.parse_request():
379 # An error code has been sent, just exit
380 return
381 mname = 'do_' + self.command
382 if not hasattr(self, mname):
383 self.send_error(501, "Unsupported method (%r)" % self.command)
384 return
385 method = getattr(self, mname)
386 method()
387 self.wfile.flush() #actually send the response if not already done.
388 except socket.timeout as e:
389 #a read or a write timed out. Discard this connection
390 self.log_error("Request timed out: %r", e)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000391 self.close_connection = 1
392 return
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000393
394 def handle(self):
395 """Handle multiple requests if necessary."""
396 self.close_connection = 1
397
398 self.handle_one_request()
399 while not self.close_connection:
400 self.handle_one_request()
401
402 def send_error(self, code, message=None):
403 """Send and log an error reply.
404
405 Arguments are the error code, and a detailed message.
406 The detailed message defaults to the short entry matching the
407 response code.
408
409 This sends an error response (so it must be called before any
410 output has been generated), logs the error, and finally sends
411 a piece of HTML explaining the error to the user.
412
413 """
414
415 try:
416 shortmsg, longmsg = self.responses[code]
417 except KeyError:
418 shortmsg, longmsg = '???', '???'
419 if message is None:
420 message = shortmsg
421 explain = longmsg
422 self.log_error("code %d, message %s", code, message)
423 # using _quote_html to prevent Cross Site Scripting attacks (see bug #1100201)
424 content = (self.error_message_format %
425 {'code': code, 'message': _quote_html(message), 'explain': explain})
426 self.send_response(code, message)
427 self.send_header("Content-Type", self.error_content_type)
428 self.send_header('Connection', 'close')
429 self.end_headers()
430 if self.command != 'HEAD' and code >= 200 and code not in (204, 304):
431 self.wfile.write(content.encode('UTF-8', 'replace'))
432
433 def send_response(self, code, message=None):
Senthil Kumaranc7ae19b2011-05-09 23:25:02 +0800434 """Add the response header to the headers buffer and log the
435 response code.
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000436
437 Also send two standard headers with the server software
438 version and the current date.
439
440 """
441 self.log_request(code)
Senthil Kumaran0f476d42010-09-30 06:09:18 +0000442 self.send_response_only(code, message)
443 self.send_header('Server', self.version_string())
444 self.send_header('Date', self.date_time_string())
445
446 def send_response_only(self, code, message=None):
447 """Send the response header only."""
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000448 if message is None:
449 if code in self.responses:
450 message = self.responses[code][0]
451 else:
452 message = ''
453 if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9':
Senthil Kumaranc7ae19b2011-05-09 23:25:02 +0800454 if not hasattr(self, '_headers_buffer'):
455 self._headers_buffer = []
456 self._headers_buffer.append(("%s %d %s\r\n" %
457 (self.protocol_version, code, message)).encode(
458 'latin-1', 'strict'))
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000459
460 def send_header(self, keyword, value):
Senthil Kumaranc7ae19b2011-05-09 23:25:02 +0800461 """Send a MIME header to the headers buffer."""
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000462 if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9':
Senthil Kumarane4dad4f2010-11-21 14:36:14 +0000463 if not hasattr(self, '_headers_buffer'):
464 self._headers_buffer = []
465 self._headers_buffer.append(
Marc-André Lemburg8f36af72011-02-25 15:42:01 +0000466 ("%s: %s\r\n" % (keyword, value)).encode('latin-1', 'strict'))
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000467
468 if keyword.lower() == 'connection':
469 if value.lower() == 'close':
470 self.close_connection = 1
471 elif value.lower() == 'keep-alive':
472 self.close_connection = 0
473
474 def end_headers(self):
475 """Send the blank line ending the MIME headers."""
476 if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9':
Senthil Kumarane4dad4f2010-11-21 14:36:14 +0000477 self._headers_buffer.append(b"\r\n")
Senthil Kumaranc7ae19b2011-05-09 23:25:02 +0800478 self.flush_headers()
479
480 def flush_headers(self):
481 if hasattr(self, '_headers_buffer'):
Senthil Kumarane4dad4f2010-11-21 14:36:14 +0000482 self.wfile.write(b"".join(self._headers_buffer))
483 self._headers_buffer = []
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000484
485 def log_request(self, code='-', size='-'):
486 """Log an accepted request.
487
488 This is called by send_response().
489
490 """
491
492 self.log_message('"%s" %s %s',
493 self.requestline, str(code), str(size))
494
495 def log_error(self, format, *args):
496 """Log an error.
497
498 This is called when a request cannot be fulfilled. By
499 default it passes the message on to log_message().
500
501 Arguments are the same as for log_message().
502
503 XXX This should go to the separate error log.
504
505 """
506
507 self.log_message(format, *args)
508
509 def log_message(self, format, *args):
510 """Log an arbitrary message.
511
512 This is used by all other logging functions. Override
513 it if you have specific logging wishes.
514
515 The first argument, FORMAT, is a format string for the
516 message to be logged. If the format string contains
517 any % escapes requiring parameters, they should be
518 specified as subsequent arguments (it's just like
519 printf!).
520
Senthil Kumarandb727b42012-04-29 13:41:03 +0800521 The client ip and current date/time are prefixed to
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000522 every message.
523
524 """
525
526 sys.stderr.write("%s - - [%s] %s\n" %
527 (self.address_string(),
528 self.log_date_time_string(),
529 format%args))
530
531 def version_string(self):
532 """Return the server software version string."""
533 return self.server_version + ' ' + self.sys_version
534
535 def date_time_string(self, timestamp=None):
536 """Return the current date and time formatted for a message header."""
537 if timestamp is None:
538 timestamp = time.time()
539 year, month, day, hh, mm, ss, wd, y, z = time.gmtime(timestamp)
540 s = "%s, %02d %3s %4d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT" % (
541 self.weekdayname[wd],
542 day, self.monthname[month], year,
543 hh, mm, ss)
544 return s
545
546 def log_date_time_string(self):
547 """Return the current time formatted for logging."""
548 now = time.time()
549 year, month, day, hh, mm, ss, x, y, z = time.localtime(now)
550 s = "%02d/%3s/%04d %02d:%02d:%02d" % (
551 day, self.monthname[month], year, hh, mm, ss)
552 return s
553
554 weekdayname = ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
555
556 monthname = [None,
557 'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun',
558 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
559
560 def address_string(self):
Senthil Kumaran1aacba42012-04-29 12:51:54 +0800561 """Return the client address."""
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000562
Senthil Kumaran1aacba42012-04-29 12:51:54 +0800563 return self.client_address[0]
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000564
565 # Essentially static class variables
566
567 # The version of the HTTP protocol we support.
568 # Set this to HTTP/1.1 to enable automatic keepalive
569 protocol_version = "HTTP/1.0"
570
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +0000571 # MessageClass used to parse headers
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +0000572 MessageClass = http.client.HTTPMessage
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000573
574 # Table mapping response codes to messages; entries have the
575 # form {code: (shortmessage, longmessage)}.
576 # See RFC 2616.
577 responses = {
578 100: ('Continue', 'Request received, please continue'),
579 101: ('Switching Protocols',
580 'Switching to new protocol; obey Upgrade header'),
581
582 200: ('OK', 'Request fulfilled, document follows'),
583 201: ('Created', 'Document created, URL follows'),
584 202: ('Accepted',
585 'Request accepted, processing continues off-line'),
586 203: ('Non-Authoritative Information', 'Request fulfilled from cache'),
587 204: ('No Content', 'Request fulfilled, nothing follows'),
588 205: ('Reset Content', 'Clear input form for further input.'),
589 206: ('Partial Content', 'Partial content follows.'),
590
591 300: ('Multiple Choices',
592 'Object has several resources -- see URI list'),
593 301: ('Moved Permanently', 'Object moved permanently -- see URI list'),
594 302: ('Found', 'Object moved temporarily -- see URI list'),
595 303: ('See Other', 'Object moved -- see Method and URL list'),
596 304: ('Not Modified',
597 'Document has not changed since given time'),
598 305: ('Use Proxy',
599 'You must use proxy specified in Location to access this '
600 'resource.'),
601 307: ('Temporary Redirect',
602 'Object moved temporarily -- see URI list'),
603
604 400: ('Bad Request',
605 'Bad request syntax or unsupported method'),
606 401: ('Unauthorized',
607 'No permission -- see authorization schemes'),
608 402: ('Payment Required',
609 'No payment -- see charging schemes'),
610 403: ('Forbidden',
611 'Request forbidden -- authorization will not help'),
612 404: ('Not Found', 'Nothing matches the given URI'),
613 405: ('Method Not Allowed',
Senthil Kumaran7aa26212010-02-22 11:00:50 +0000614 'Specified method is invalid for this resource.'),
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000615 406: ('Not Acceptable', 'URI not available in preferred format.'),
616 407: ('Proxy Authentication Required', 'You must authenticate with '
617 'this proxy before proceeding.'),
618 408: ('Request Timeout', 'Request timed out; try again later.'),
619 409: ('Conflict', 'Request conflict.'),
620 410: ('Gone',
621 'URI no longer exists and has been permanently removed.'),
622 411: ('Length Required', 'Client must specify Content-Length.'),
623 412: ('Precondition Failed', 'Precondition in headers is false.'),
624 413: ('Request Entity Too Large', 'Entity is too large.'),
625 414: ('Request-URI Too Long', 'URI is too long.'),
626 415: ('Unsupported Media Type', 'Entity body in unsupported format.'),
627 416: ('Requested Range Not Satisfiable',
628 'Cannot satisfy request range.'),
629 417: ('Expectation Failed',
630 'Expect condition could not be satisfied.'),
631
632 500: ('Internal Server Error', 'Server got itself in trouble'),
633 501: ('Not Implemented',
634 'Server does not support this operation'),
635 502: ('Bad Gateway', 'Invalid responses from another server/proxy.'),
636 503: ('Service Unavailable',
637 'The server cannot process the request due to a high load'),
638 504: ('Gateway Timeout',
639 'The gateway server did not receive a timely response'),
640 505: ('HTTP Version Not Supported', 'Cannot fulfill request.'),
641 }
642
643
644class SimpleHTTPRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
645
646 """Simple HTTP request handler with GET and HEAD commands.
647
648 This serves files from the current directory and any of its
649 subdirectories. The MIME type for files is determined by
650 calling the .guess_type() method.
651
652 The GET and HEAD requests are identical except that the HEAD
653 request omits the actual contents of the file.
654
655 """
656
657 server_version = "SimpleHTTP/" + __version__
658
659 def do_GET(self):
660 """Serve a GET request."""
661 f = self.send_head()
662 if f:
663 self.copyfile(f, self.wfile)
664 f.close()
665
666 def do_HEAD(self):
667 """Serve a HEAD request."""
668 f = self.send_head()
669 if f:
670 f.close()
671
672 def send_head(self):
673 """Common code for GET and HEAD commands.
674
675 This sends the response code and MIME headers.
676
677 Return value is either a file object (which has to be copied
678 to the outputfile by the caller unless the command was HEAD,
679 and must be closed by the caller under all circumstances), or
680 None, in which case the caller has nothing further to do.
681
682 """
683 path = self.translate_path(self.path)
684 f = None
685 if os.path.isdir(path):
686 if not self.path.endswith('/'):
687 # redirect browser - doing basically what apache does
688 self.send_response(301)
689 self.send_header("Location", self.path + "/")
690 self.end_headers()
691 return None
692 for index in "index.html", "index.htm":
693 index = os.path.join(path, index)
694 if os.path.exists(index):
695 path = index
696 break
697 else:
698 return self.list_directory(path)
699 ctype = self.guess_type(path)
700 try:
701 f = open(path, 'rb')
702 except IOError:
703 self.send_error(404, "File not found")
704 return None
705 self.send_response(200)
706 self.send_header("Content-type", ctype)
707 fs = os.fstat(f.fileno())
708 self.send_header("Content-Length", str(fs[6]))
709 self.send_header("Last-Modified", self.date_time_string(fs.st_mtime))
710 self.end_headers()
711 return f
712
713 def list_directory(self, path):
714 """Helper to produce a directory listing (absent index.html).
715
716 Return value is either a file object, or None (indicating an
717 error). In either case, the headers are sent, making the
718 interface the same as for send_head().
719
720 """
721 try:
722 list = os.listdir(path)
723 except os.error:
724 self.send_error(404, "No permission to list directory")
725 return None
726 list.sort(key=lambda a: a.lower())
727 r = []
Georg Brandl1f7fffb2010-10-15 15:57:45 +0000728 displaypath = html.escape(urllib.parse.unquote(self.path))
Ezio Melottica897e92011-11-02 19:33:29 +0200729 enc = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
730 title = 'Directory listing for %s' % displaypath
731 r.append('<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" '
732 '"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">')
733 r.append('<html>\n<head>')
734 r.append('<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" '
735 'content="text/html; charset=%s">' % enc)
736 r.append('<title>%s</title>\n</head>' % title)
737 r.append('<body>\n<h1>%s</h1>' % title)
738 r.append('<hr>\n<ul>')
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000739 for name in list:
740 fullname = os.path.join(path, name)
741 displayname = linkname = name
742 # Append / for directories or @ for symbolic links
743 if os.path.isdir(fullname):
744 displayname = name + "/"
745 linkname = name + "/"
746 if os.path.islink(fullname):
747 displayname = name + "@"
748 # Note: a link to a directory displays with @ and links with /
Ezio Melottica897e92011-11-02 19:33:29 +0200749 r.append('<li><a href="%s">%s</a></li>'
Georg Brandl1f7fffb2010-10-15 15:57:45 +0000750 % (urllib.parse.quote(linkname), html.escape(displayname)))
Ezio Melottica897e92011-11-02 19:33:29 +0200751 r.append('</ul>\n<hr>\n</body>\n</html>\n')
752 encoded = '\n'.join(r).encode(enc)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000753 f = io.BytesIO()
754 f.write(encoded)
755 f.seek(0)
756 self.send_response(200)
757 self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html; charset=%s" % enc)
758 self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(encoded)))
759 self.end_headers()
760 return f
761
762 def translate_path(self, path):
763 """Translate a /-separated PATH to the local filename syntax.
764
765 Components that mean special things to the local file system
766 (e.g. drive or directory names) are ignored. (XXX They should
767 probably be diagnosed.)
768
769 """
770 # abandon query parameters
771 path = path.split('?',1)[0]
772 path = path.split('#',1)[0]
Jeremy Hylton1afc1692008-06-18 20:49:58 +0000773 path = posixpath.normpath(urllib.parse.unquote(path))
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000774 words = path.split('/')
775 words = filter(None, words)
776 path = os.getcwd()
777 for word in words:
778 drive, word = os.path.splitdrive(word)
779 head, word = os.path.split(word)
780 if word in (os.curdir, os.pardir): continue
781 path = os.path.join(path, word)
782 return path
783
784 def copyfile(self, source, outputfile):
785 """Copy all data between two file objects.
786
787 The SOURCE argument is a file object open for reading
788 (or anything with a read() method) and the DESTINATION
789 argument is a file object open for writing (or
790 anything with a write() method).
791
792 The only reason for overriding this would be to change
793 the block size or perhaps to replace newlines by CRLF
794 -- note however that this the default server uses this
795 to copy binary data as well.
796
797 """
798 shutil.copyfileobj(source, outputfile)
799
800 def guess_type(self, path):
801 """Guess the type of a file.
802
803 Argument is a PATH (a filename).
804
805 Return value is a string of the form type/subtype,
806 usable for a MIME Content-type header.
807
808 The default implementation looks the file's extension
809 up in the table self.extensions_map, using application/octet-stream
810 as a default; however it would be permissible (if
811 slow) to look inside the data to make a better guess.
812
813 """
814
815 base, ext = posixpath.splitext(path)
816 if ext in self.extensions_map:
817 return self.extensions_map[ext]
818 ext = ext.lower()
819 if ext in self.extensions_map:
820 return self.extensions_map[ext]
821 else:
822 return self.extensions_map['']
823
824 if not mimetypes.inited:
825 mimetypes.init() # try to read system mime.types
826 extensions_map = mimetypes.types_map.copy()
827 extensions_map.update({
828 '': 'application/octet-stream', # Default
829 '.py': 'text/plain',
830 '.c': 'text/plain',
831 '.h': 'text/plain',
832 })
833
834
835# Utilities for CGIHTTPRequestHandler
836
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800837def _url_collapse_path(path):
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000838 """
839 Given a URL path, remove extra '/'s and '.' path elements and collapse
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800840 any '..' references and returns a colllapsed path.
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000841
842 Implements something akin to RFC-2396 5.2 step 6 to parse relative paths.
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800843 The utility of this function is limited to is_cgi method and helps
844 preventing some security attacks.
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000845
846 Returns: A tuple of (head, tail) where tail is everything after the final /
847 and head is everything before it. Head will always start with a '/' and,
848 if it contains anything else, never have a trailing '/'.
849
850 Raises: IndexError if too many '..' occur within the path.
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800851
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000852 """
853 # Similar to os.path.split(os.path.normpath(path)) but specific to URL
854 # path semantics rather than local operating system semantics.
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800855 path_parts = path.split('/')
856 head_parts = []
857 for part in path_parts[:-1]:
858 if part == '..':
859 head_parts.pop() # IndexError if more '..' than prior parts
860 elif part and part != '.':
861 head_parts.append( part )
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000862 if path_parts:
Senthil Kumarandbb369d2012-04-11 03:15:28 +0800863 tail_part = path_parts.pop()
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800864 if tail_part:
865 if tail_part == '..':
866 head_parts.pop()
867 tail_part = ''
868 elif tail_part == '.':
869 tail_part = ''
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000870 else:
871 tail_part = ''
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800872
873 splitpath = ('/' + '/'.join(head_parts), tail_part)
874 collapsed_path = "/".join(splitpath)
875
876 return collapsed_path
877
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000878
879
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000880nobody = None
881
882def nobody_uid():
883 """Internal routine to get nobody's uid"""
884 global nobody
885 if nobody:
886 return nobody
887 try:
888 import pwd
889 except ImportError:
890 return -1
891 try:
892 nobody = pwd.getpwnam('nobody')[2]
893 except KeyError:
Georg Brandlcbd2ab12010-12-04 10:39:14 +0000894 nobody = 1 + max(x[2] for x in pwd.getpwall())
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000895 return nobody
896
897
898def executable(path):
899 """Test for executable file."""
Victor Stinnerfb25ba92011-06-20 17:45:54 +0200900 return os.access(path, os.X_OK)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000901
902
903class CGIHTTPRequestHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
904
905 """Complete HTTP server with GET, HEAD and POST commands.
906
907 GET and HEAD also support running CGI scripts.
908
909 The POST command is *only* implemented for CGI scripts.
910
911 """
912
913 # Determine platform specifics
914 have_fork = hasattr(os, 'fork')
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000915
916 # Make rfile unbuffered -- we need to read one line and then pass
917 # the rest to a subprocess, so we can't use buffered input.
918 rbufsize = 0
919
920 def do_POST(self):
921 """Serve a POST request.
922
923 This is only implemented for CGI scripts.
924
925 """
926
927 if self.is_cgi():
928 self.run_cgi()
929 else:
930 self.send_error(501, "Can only POST to CGI scripts")
931
932 def send_head(self):
933 """Version of send_head that support CGI scripts"""
934 if self.is_cgi():
935 return self.run_cgi()
936 else:
937 return SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.send_head(self)
938
939 def is_cgi(self):
940 """Test whether self.path corresponds to a CGI script.
941
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000942 Returns True and updates the cgi_info attribute to the tuple
943 (dir, rest) if self.path requires running a CGI script.
944 Returns False otherwise.
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000945
Benjamin Petersona7deeee2009-05-08 20:54:42 +0000946 If any exception is raised, the caller should assume that
947 self.path was rejected as invalid and act accordingly.
948
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000949 The default implementation tests whether the normalized url
950 path begins with one of the strings in self.cgi_directories
951 (and the next character is a '/' or the end of the string).
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000952
953 """
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800954 collapsed_path = _url_collapse_path(self.path)
955 dir_sep = collapsed_path.find('/', 1)
956 head, tail = collapsed_path[:dir_sep], collapsed_path[dir_sep+1:]
Senthil Kumarandbb369d2012-04-11 03:15:28 +0800957 if head in self.cgi_directories:
958 self.cgi_info = head, tail
Benjamin Petersonad71f0f2009-04-11 20:12:10 +0000959 return True
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000960 return False
961
Senthil Kumarand70846b2012-04-12 02:34:32 +0800962
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +0000963 cgi_directories = ['/cgi-bin', '/htbin']
964
965 def is_executable(self, path):
966 """Test whether argument path is an executable file."""
967 return executable(path)
968
969 def is_python(self, path):
970 """Test whether argument path is a Python script."""
971 head, tail = os.path.splitext(path)
972 return tail.lower() in (".py", ".pyw")
973
974 def run_cgi(self):
975 """Execute a CGI script."""
976 path = self.path
977 dir, rest = self.cgi_info
978
979 i = path.find('/', len(dir) + 1)
980 while i >= 0:
981 nextdir = path[:i]
982 nextrest = path[i+1:]
983
984 scriptdir = self.translate_path(nextdir)
985 if os.path.isdir(scriptdir):
986 dir, rest = nextdir, nextrest
987 i = path.find('/', len(dir) + 1)
988 else:
989 break
990
991 # find an explicit query string, if present.
992 i = rest.rfind('?')
993 if i >= 0:
994 rest, query = rest[:i], rest[i+1:]
995 else:
996 query = ''
997
998 # dissect the part after the directory name into a script name &
999 # a possible additional path, to be stored in PATH_INFO.
1000 i = rest.find('/')
1001 if i >= 0:
1002 script, rest = rest[:i], rest[i:]
1003 else:
1004 script, rest = rest, ''
1005
1006 scriptname = dir + '/' + script
1007 scriptfile = self.translate_path(scriptname)
1008 if not os.path.exists(scriptfile):
1009 self.send_error(404, "No such CGI script (%r)" % scriptname)
1010 return
1011 if not os.path.isfile(scriptfile):
1012 self.send_error(403, "CGI script is not a plain file (%r)" %
1013 scriptname)
1014 return
1015 ispy = self.is_python(scriptname)
Victor Stinnerfb25ba92011-06-20 17:45:54 +02001016 if self.have_fork or not ispy:
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001017 if not self.is_executable(scriptfile):
1018 self.send_error(403, "CGI script is not executable (%r)" %
1019 scriptname)
1020 return
1021
1022 # Reference: http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html
1023 # XXX Much of the following could be prepared ahead of time!
Senthil Kumaran42713722010-10-03 17:55:45 +00001024 env = copy.deepcopy(os.environ)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001025 env['SERVER_SOFTWARE'] = self.version_string()
1026 env['SERVER_NAME'] = self.server.server_name
1027 env['GATEWAY_INTERFACE'] = 'CGI/1.1'
1028 env['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] = self.protocol_version
1029 env['SERVER_PORT'] = str(self.server.server_port)
1030 env['REQUEST_METHOD'] = self.command
Jeremy Hylton1afc1692008-06-18 20:49:58 +00001031 uqrest = urllib.parse.unquote(rest)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001032 env['PATH_INFO'] = uqrest
1033 env['PATH_TRANSLATED'] = self.translate_path(uqrest)
1034 env['SCRIPT_NAME'] = scriptname
1035 if query:
1036 env['QUERY_STRING'] = query
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001037 env['REMOTE_ADDR'] = self.client_address[0]
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +00001038 authorization = self.headers.get("authorization")
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001039 if authorization:
1040 authorization = authorization.split()
1041 if len(authorization) == 2:
1042 import base64, binascii
1043 env['AUTH_TYPE'] = authorization[0]
1044 if authorization[0].lower() == "basic":
1045 try:
1046 authorization = authorization[1].encode('ascii')
Georg Brandl706824f2009-06-04 09:42:55 +00001047 authorization = base64.decodebytes(authorization).\
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001048 decode('ascii')
1049 except (binascii.Error, UnicodeError):
1050 pass
1051 else:
1052 authorization = authorization.split(':')
1053 if len(authorization) == 2:
1054 env['REMOTE_USER'] = authorization[0]
1055 # XXX REMOTE_IDENT
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +00001056 if self.headers.get('content-type') is None:
1057 env['CONTENT_TYPE'] = self.headers.get_content_type()
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001058 else:
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +00001059 env['CONTENT_TYPE'] = self.headers['content-type']
1060 length = self.headers.get('content-length')
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001061 if length:
1062 env['CONTENT_LENGTH'] = length
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +00001063 referer = self.headers.get('referer')
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001064 if referer:
1065 env['HTTP_REFERER'] = referer
1066 accept = []
1067 for line in self.headers.getallmatchingheaders('accept'):
1068 if line[:1] in "\t\n\r ":
1069 accept.append(line.strip())
1070 else:
1071 accept = accept + line[7:].split(',')
1072 env['HTTP_ACCEPT'] = ','.join(accept)
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +00001073 ua = self.headers.get('user-agent')
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001074 if ua:
1075 env['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] = ua
Barry Warsaw820c1202008-06-12 04:06:45 +00001076 co = filter(None, self.headers.get_all('cookie', []))
Georg Brandl62e2ca22010-07-31 21:54:24 +00001077 cookie_str = ', '.join(co)
1078 if cookie_str:
1079 env['HTTP_COOKIE'] = cookie_str
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001080 # XXX Other HTTP_* headers
1081 # Since we're setting the env in the parent, provide empty
1082 # values to override previously set values
1083 for k in ('QUERY_STRING', 'REMOTE_HOST', 'CONTENT_LENGTH',
1084 'HTTP_USER_AGENT', 'HTTP_COOKIE', 'HTTP_REFERER'):
1085 env.setdefault(k, "")
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001086
1087 self.send_response(200, "Script output follows")
Senthil Kumaranc7ae19b2011-05-09 23:25:02 +08001088 self.flush_headers()
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001089
1090 decoded_query = query.replace('+', ' ')
1091
1092 if self.have_fork:
1093 # Unix -- fork as we should
1094 args = [script]
1095 if '=' not in decoded_query:
1096 args.append(decoded_query)
1097 nobody = nobody_uid()
1098 self.wfile.flush() # Always flush before forking
1099 pid = os.fork()
1100 if pid != 0:
1101 # Parent
1102 pid, sts = os.waitpid(pid, 0)
1103 # throw away additional data [see bug #427345]
1104 while select.select([self.rfile], [], [], 0)[0]:
1105 if not self.rfile.read(1):
1106 break
1107 if sts:
1108 self.log_error("CGI script exit status %#x", sts)
1109 return
1110 # Child
1111 try:
1112 try:
1113 os.setuid(nobody)
1114 except os.error:
1115 pass
1116 os.dup2(self.rfile.fileno(), 0)
1117 os.dup2(self.wfile.fileno(), 1)
Senthil Kumaran42713722010-10-03 17:55:45 +00001118 os.execve(scriptfile, args, env)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001119 except:
1120 self.server.handle_error(self.request, self.client_address)
1121 os._exit(127)
1122
Amaury Forgeot d'Arccb0d2d72008-06-18 22:19:22 +00001123 else:
1124 # Non-Unix -- use subprocess
1125 import subprocess
Senthil Kumarane29cd162009-11-11 04:17:53 +00001126 cmdline = [scriptfile]
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001127 if self.is_python(scriptfile):
1128 interp = sys.executable
1129 if interp.lower().endswith("w.exe"):
1130 # On Windows, use python.exe, not pythonw.exe
1131 interp = interp[:-5] + interp[-4:]
Senthil Kumarane29cd162009-11-11 04:17:53 +00001132 cmdline = [interp, '-u'] + cmdline
1133 if '=' not in query:
1134 cmdline.append(query)
1135 self.log_message("command: %s", subprocess.list2cmdline(cmdline))
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001136 try:
1137 nbytes = int(length)
1138 except (TypeError, ValueError):
1139 nbytes = 0
Amaury Forgeot d'Arccb0d2d72008-06-18 22:19:22 +00001140 p = subprocess.Popen(cmdline,
1141 stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
1142 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
Senthil Kumaran42713722010-10-03 17:55:45 +00001143 stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
1144 env = env
Amaury Forgeot d'Arccb0d2d72008-06-18 22:19:22 +00001145 )
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001146 if self.command.lower() == "post" and nbytes > 0:
1147 data = self.rfile.read(nbytes)
Amaury Forgeot d'Arccb0d2d72008-06-18 22:19:22 +00001148 else:
1149 data = None
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001150 # throw away additional data [see bug #427345]
1151 while select.select([self.rfile._sock], [], [], 0)[0]:
1152 if not self.rfile._sock.recv(1):
1153 break
Amaury Forgeot d'Arccb0d2d72008-06-18 22:19:22 +00001154 stdout, stderr = p.communicate(data)
1155 self.wfile.write(stdout)
1156 if stderr:
1157 self.log_error('%s', stderr)
Brian Curtincbad4df2010-11-05 15:04:48 +00001158 p.stderr.close()
1159 p.stdout.close()
Amaury Forgeot d'Arccb0d2d72008-06-18 22:19:22 +00001160 status = p.returncode
1161 if status:
1162 self.log_error("CGI script exit status %#x", status)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001163 else:
1164 self.log_message("CGI script exited OK")
1165
1166
1167def test(HandlerClass = BaseHTTPRequestHandler,
1168 ServerClass = HTTPServer, protocol="HTTP/1.0"):
1169 """Test the HTTP request handler class.
1170
1171 This runs an HTTP server on port 8000 (or the first command line
1172 argument).
1173
1174 """
1175
1176 if sys.argv[1:]:
1177 port = int(sys.argv[1])
1178 else:
1179 port = 8000
1180 server_address = ('', port)
1181
1182 HandlerClass.protocol_version = protocol
1183 httpd = ServerClass(server_address, HandlerClass)
1184
1185 sa = httpd.socket.getsockname()
1186 print("Serving HTTP on", sa[0], "port", sa[1], "...")
Alexandre Vassalottib5292a22009-04-03 07:16:55 +00001187 try:
1188 httpd.serve_forever()
1189 except KeyboardInterrupt:
1190 print("\nKeyboard interrupt received, exiting.")
1191 httpd.server_close()
1192 sys.exit(0)
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001193
1194if __name__ == '__main__':
Georg Brandl24420152008-05-26 16:32:26 +00001195 test(HandlerClass=SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)