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Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE
2==========================
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +00003
4Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00005Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands
6as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's
7principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00008
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00009In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
10National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us)
11in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
12software.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000013
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000014In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
15BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same
Guido van Rossum2e1c09c2002-04-04 17:52:50 +000016year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope
17Corporation, see http://www.zope.com). In 2001, the Python Software
18Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a
19non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related
20Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of
21the PSF.
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000022
23All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for
24the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python
25releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
26the various releases.
27
28 Release Derived Year Owner GPL-
Tim Peters7cb13a92004-10-23 03:48:57 +000029 from compatible? (1)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000030
31 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes
32 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes
33 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no
34 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000035 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000036 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no
37 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes
38 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes
39 2.2 2.1.1 2001 PSF yes
Tim Petersb0f3cea2002-04-08 21:36:47 +000040 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes
41 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes
42 2.2.1 2.2 2002 PSF yes
Tim Peters638a1e22002-10-06 04:04:46 +000043 2.2.2 2.2.1 2002 PSF yes
Barry Warsaw7d7f88c2003-05-22 15:17:40 +000044 2.2.3 2.2.2 2003 PSF yes
Guido van Rossumf1226882002-12-31 01:50:07 +000045 2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter9d42a102003-09-23 02:42:29 +000046 2.3.1 2.3 2002-2003 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterc2b00812003-09-30 07:07:08 +000047 2.3.2 2.3.1 2002-2003 PSF yes
Tim Peters926bc222004-05-11 18:13:10 +000048 2.3.3 2.3.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
49 2.3.4 2.3.3 2004 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter94d62012005-03-10 13:47:17 +000050 2.3.5 2.3.4 2005 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterbd377a32004-07-08 05:57:59 +000051 2.4 2.3 2004 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter94d62012005-03-10 13:47:17 +000052 2.4.1 2.4 2005 PSF yes
Georg Brandlcfc34712005-10-21 07:53:44 +000053 2.4.2 2.4.1 2005 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterebed3f62006-04-03 15:03:44 +000054 2.4.3 2.4.2 2006 PSF yes
Georg Brandl556697e2007-04-24 10:36:42 +000055 2.4.4 2.4.3 2006 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterebed3f62006-04-03 15:03:44 +000056 2.5 2.4 2006 PSF yes
Georg Brandl556697e2007-04-24 10:36:42 +000057 2.5.1 2.5 2007 PSF yes
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000058
59Footnotes:
60
61(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
62 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
63 a modified version without making your changes open source. The
64 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
65 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000066
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000067(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
68 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to
69 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
70 is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
71
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000072Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
73direction to make these releases possible.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000074
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000075
Guido van Rossumaa815df2001-04-10 03:37:31 +000076B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
77===============================================================
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000078
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000079PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
80--------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000081
821. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
83("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
Tim Peterscb919002004-10-26 14:38:48 +000084otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
85its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000086
872. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF
88hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
89license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000090prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000091alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's
92License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
Anthony Baxter83955ef2007-01-06 04:45:54 +0000932001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Python Software Foundation;
94All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative
95version prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000096
973. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000098or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000099the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
100Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000101the changes made to Python.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000102
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +00001034. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000104basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
105IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
106DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000107FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000108INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
109
1105. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000111FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
112A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000113OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
114
1156. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
116breach of its terms and conditions.
117
Guido van Rossum648b4de2001-05-04 18:49:06 +00001187. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
119relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
120Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
121trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
122products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000123
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +00001248. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
Guido van Rossum859d9b52001-04-13 19:41:28 +0000125agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
126Agreement.
127
Guido van Rossum575d7f32001-04-13 15:04:31 +0000128
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000129BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
130-------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000131
Guido van Rossum2e0d3312000-09-04 00:58:48 +0000132BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000133
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001341. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
135office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000136Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
137this software in source or binary form and its associated
138documentation ("the Software").
139
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001402. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
141Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
142royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
143and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
144otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
145provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
146Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000147
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001483. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000149basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
150IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
151DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
152FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
153INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
154
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001554. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000156SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
157AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
158DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
159
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001605. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000161breach of its terms and conditions.
162
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001636. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000164respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
165law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
166create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
167between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant
Guido van Rossumac1c8182000-09-03 13:21:38 +0000168permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
169sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
170third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000171http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
172permissions granted on that web page.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000173
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001747. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000175agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
176Agreement.
177
178
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000179CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
180---------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000181
1821. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
183Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
184Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000185("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
186source or binary form and its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000187
1882. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
189hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
190license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000191prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000192alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
193License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001941995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
195Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
196version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
197Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
198quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
199conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with
200Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following
201unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This
202Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet
203using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013".
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000204
2053. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000206or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
207the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
208Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
209the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000210
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002114. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
212basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
213IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000214DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000215FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000216INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
217
2185. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002191.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
220A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
221OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000222
2236. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
224breach of its terms and conditions.
225
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002267. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
227intellectual property law of the United States, including without
228limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
229U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
230Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
231Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
232on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
233previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
234law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
235Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
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237License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
238agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This
239License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
240trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
241services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000242
2438. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000244installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
245bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000246
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000247 ACCEPT
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000248
249
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000250CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
251--------------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000252
253Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
254The Netherlands. All rights reserved.
255
256Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
257documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
258provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
259both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
260supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
261Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
262distribution of the software without specific, written prior
263permission.
264
265STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
266THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
267FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
268FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
269WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
270ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
271OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.