Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | /*********************************************************** |
Guido van Rossum | fd71b9e | 2000-06-30 23:50:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2 | Copyright (c) 2000, BeOpen.com. |
| 3 | Copyright (c) 1995-2000, Corporation for National Research Initiatives. |
| 4 | Copyright (c) 1990-1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum. |
| 5 | All rights reserved. |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 6 | |
Guido van Rossum | fd71b9e | 2000-06-30 23:50:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 7 | See the file "Misc/COPYRIGHT" for information on usage and |
| 8 | redistribution of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 9 | ******************************************************************/ |
| 10 | |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 11 | /* Use this file as a template to start implementing a module that |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 12 | also declares objects types. All occurrences of 'Xxo' should be changed |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 13 | to something reasonable for your objects. After that, all other |
| 14 | occurrences of 'xx' should be changed to something reasonable for your |
| 15 | module. If your module is named foo your sourcefile should be named |
| 16 | foomodule.c. |
| 17 | |
| 18 | You will probably want to delete all references to 'x_attr' and add |
| 19 | your own types of attributes instead. Maybe you want to name your |
| 20 | local variables other than 'self'. If your object type is needed in |
| 21 | other files, you'll have to create a file "foobarobject.h"; see |
| 22 | intobject.h for an example. */ |
| 23 | |
| 24 | /* Xxo objects */ |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 25 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 26 | #include "Python.h" |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 27 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 28 | static PyObject *ErrorObject; |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 29 | |
| 30 | typedef struct { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 31 | PyObject_HEAD |
| 32 | PyObject *x_attr; /* Attributes dictionary */ |
| 33 | } XxoObject; |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 34 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 35 | staticforward PyTypeObject Xxo_Type; |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 36 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 37 | #define XxoObject_Check(v) ((v)->ob_type == &Xxo_Type) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 38 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 39 | static XxoObject * |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 40 | newXxoObject(PyObject *arg) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 41 | { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 42 | XxoObject *self; |
Guido van Rossum | b18618d | 2000-05-03 23:44:39 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 43 | self = PyObject_New(XxoObject, &Xxo_Type); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 44 | if (self == NULL) |
| 45 | return NULL; |
| 46 | self->x_attr = NULL; |
| 47 | return self; |
| 48 | } |
| 49 | |
| 50 | /* Xxo methods */ |
| 51 | |
| 52 | static void |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 53 | Xxo_dealloc(XxoObject *self) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 54 | { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 55 | Py_XDECREF(self->x_attr); |
Guido van Rossum | b18618d | 2000-05-03 23:44:39 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 56 | PyObject_Del(self); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 57 | } |
| 58 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 59 | static PyObject * |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 60 | Xxo_demo(XxoObject *self, PyObject *args) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 61 | { |
Guido van Rossum | 43713e5 | 2000-02-29 13:59:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 62 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":demo")) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 63 | return NULL; |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 64 | Py_INCREF(Py_None); |
| 65 | return Py_None; |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 66 | } |
| 67 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 68 | static PyMethodDef Xxo_methods[] = { |
| 69 | {"demo", (PyCFunction)Xxo_demo, 1}, |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 70 | {NULL, NULL} /* sentinel */ |
| 71 | }; |
| 72 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 73 | static PyObject * |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 74 | Xxo_getattr(XxoObject *self, char *name) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 75 | { |
| 76 | if (self->x_attr != NULL) { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 77 | PyObject *v = PyDict_GetItemString(self->x_attr, name); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 78 | if (v != NULL) { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 79 | Py_INCREF(v); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 80 | return v; |
| 81 | } |
| 82 | } |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 83 | return Py_FindMethod(Xxo_methods, (PyObject *)self, name); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 84 | } |
| 85 | |
| 86 | static int |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 87 | Xxo_setattr(XxoObject *self, char *name, PyObject *v) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 88 | { |
| 89 | if (self->x_attr == NULL) { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 90 | self->x_attr = PyDict_New(); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 91 | if (self->x_attr == NULL) |
| 92 | return -1; |
| 93 | } |
| 94 | if (v == NULL) { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 95 | int rv = PyDict_DelItemString(self->x_attr, name); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 96 | if (rv < 0) |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 97 | PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, |
| 98 | "delete non-existing Xxo attribute"); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 99 | return rv; |
| 100 | } |
| 101 | else |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 102 | return PyDict_SetItemString(self->x_attr, name, v); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 103 | } |
| 104 | |
Fred Drake | 6724835 | 1999-02-16 22:15:42 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 105 | statichere PyTypeObject Xxo_Type = { |
| 106 | /* The ob_type field must be initialized in the module init function |
| 107 | * to be portable to Windows without using C++. */ |
| 108 | PyObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL) |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 109 | 0, /*ob_size*/ |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 110 | "Xxo", /*tp_name*/ |
| 111 | sizeof(XxoObject), /*tp_basicsize*/ |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 112 | 0, /*tp_itemsize*/ |
| 113 | /* methods */ |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 114 | (destructor)Xxo_dealloc, /*tp_dealloc*/ |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 115 | 0, /*tp_print*/ |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 116 | (getattrfunc)Xxo_getattr, /*tp_getattr*/ |
| 117 | (setattrfunc)Xxo_setattr, /*tp_setattr*/ |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 118 | 0, /*tp_compare*/ |
| 119 | 0, /*tp_repr*/ |
| 120 | 0, /*tp_as_number*/ |
| 121 | 0, /*tp_as_sequence*/ |
| 122 | 0, /*tp_as_mapping*/ |
| 123 | 0, /*tp_hash*/ |
| 124 | }; |
| 125 | /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */ |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 126 | |
| 127 | /* Function of two integers returning integer */ |
| 128 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 129 | static PyObject * |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 130 | xx_foo(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 131 | { |
| 132 | long i, j; |
| 133 | long res; |
Guido van Rossum | 43713e5 | 2000-02-29 13:59:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 134 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ll:foo", &i, &j)) |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 135 | return NULL; |
| 136 | res = i+j; /* XXX Do something here */ |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 137 | return PyInt_FromLong(res); |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 138 | } |
| 139 | |
| 140 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 141 | /* Function of no arguments returning new Xxo object */ |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 142 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 143 | static PyObject * |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 144 | xx_new(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 145 | { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 146 | XxoObject *rv; |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 147 | |
Guido van Rossum | 43713e5 | 2000-02-29 13:59:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 148 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":new")) |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 149 | return NULL; |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 150 | rv = newXxoObject(args); |
Guido van Rossum | 14ed0b2 | 1994-09-29 09:50:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 151 | if ( rv == NULL ) |
| 152 | return NULL; |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 153 | return (PyObject *)rv; |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 154 | } |
| 155 | |
Guido van Rossum | fbcfd52 | 1996-12-13 02:57:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 156 | /* Example with subtle bug from extensions manual ("Thin Ice"). */ |
| 157 | |
| 158 | static PyObject * |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 159 | xx_bug(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) |
Guido van Rossum | fbcfd52 | 1996-12-13 02:57:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 160 | { |
| 161 | PyObject *list, *item; |
| 162 | |
Guido van Rossum | 43713e5 | 2000-02-29 13:59:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 163 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O:bug", &list)) |
Guido van Rossum | fbcfd52 | 1996-12-13 02:57:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 164 | return NULL; |
| 165 | |
| 166 | item = PyList_GetItem(list, 0); |
| 167 | /* Py_INCREF(item); */ |
| 168 | PyList_SetItem(list, 1, PyInt_FromLong(0L)); |
| 169 | PyObject_Print(item, stdout, 0); |
| 170 | printf("\n"); |
| 171 | /* Py_DECREF(item); */ |
| 172 | |
| 173 | Py_INCREF(Py_None); |
| 174 | return Py_None; |
| 175 | } |
| 176 | |
Guido van Rossum | c525e43 | 1997-12-09 20:37:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 177 | /* Test bad format character */ |
| 178 | |
| 179 | static PyObject * |
Peter Schneider-Kamp | c4bc0e0 | 2000-07-10 11:56:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 180 | xx_roj(PyObject *self, PyObject *args) |
Guido van Rossum | c525e43 | 1997-12-09 20:37:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 181 | { |
| 182 | PyObject *a; |
| 183 | long b; |
Guido van Rossum | 43713e5 | 2000-02-29 13:59:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 184 | if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O#:roj", &a, &b)) |
Guido van Rossum | c525e43 | 1997-12-09 20:37:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 185 | return NULL; |
| 186 | Py_INCREF(Py_None); |
| 187 | return Py_None; |
| 188 | } |
| 189 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 190 | |
| 191 | /* List of functions defined in the module */ |
| 192 | |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 193 | static PyMethodDef xx_methods[] = { |
Guido van Rossum | c525e43 | 1997-12-09 20:37:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 194 | {"roj", xx_roj, 1}, |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 195 | {"foo", xx_foo, 1}, |
| 196 | {"new", xx_new, 1}, |
Guido van Rossum | fbcfd52 | 1996-12-13 02:57:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 197 | {"bug", xx_bug, 1}, |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 198 | {NULL, NULL} /* sentinel */ |
| 199 | }; |
| 200 | |
| 201 | |
| 202 | /* Initialization function for the module (*must* be called initxx) */ |
| 203 | |
Guido van Rossum | 3886bb6 | 1998-12-04 18:50:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 204 | DL_EXPORT(void) |
Thomas Wouters | f3f33dc | 2000-07-21 06:00:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 205 | initxx(void) |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 206 | { |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 207 | PyObject *m, *d; |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 208 | |
Fred Drake | 6724835 | 1999-02-16 22:15:42 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 209 | /* Initialize the type of the new type object here; doing it here |
| 210 | * is required for portability to Windows without requiring C++. */ |
| 211 | Xxo_Type.ob_type = &PyType_Type; |
| 212 | |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 213 | /* Create the module and add the functions */ |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 214 | m = Py_InitModule("xx", xx_methods); |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 215 | |
| 216 | /* Add some symbolic constants to the module */ |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 217 | d = PyModule_GetDict(m); |
Guido van Rossum | 0cb96de | 1997-10-01 04:29:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 218 | ErrorObject = PyErr_NewException("xx.error", NULL, NULL); |
Guido van Rossum | 2b65444 | 1996-07-30 16:56:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 219 | PyDict_SetItemString(d, "error", ErrorObject); |
Guido van Rossum | 1984f1e | 1992-08-04 12:41:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 220 | } |