blob: 02eb7c8bec9483db482966f13adeeffd2d75e21b [file] [log] [blame]
Guido van Rossum4acc25b2000-02-02 15:10:15 +00001"""File-like objects that read from or write to a string buffer.
2
3This implements (nearly) all stdio methods.
4
5f = StringIO() # ready for writing
6f = StringIO(buf) # ready for reading
7f.close() # explicitly release resources held
8flag = f.isatty() # always false
9pos = f.tell() # get current position
10f.seek(pos) # set current position
11f.seek(pos, mode) # mode 0: absolute; 1: relative; 2: relative to EOF
12buf = f.read() # read until EOF
13buf = f.read(n) # read up to n bytes
14buf = f.readline() # read until end of line ('\n') or EOF
15list = f.readlines()# list of f.readline() results until EOF
16f.write(buf) # write at current position
17f.writelines(list) # for line in list: f.write(line)
18f.getvalue() # return whole file's contents as a string
19
20Notes:
21- Using a real file is often faster (but less convenient).
Guido van Rossum98d9fd32000-02-28 15:12:25 +000022- There's also a much faster implementation in C, called cStringIO, but
23 it's not subclassable.
Guido van Rossum4acc25b2000-02-02 15:10:15 +000024- fileno() is left unimplemented so that code which uses it triggers
25 an exception early.
26- Seeking far beyond EOF and then writing will insert real null
27 bytes that occupy space in the buffer.
28- There's a simple test set (see end of this file).
29"""
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000030
31import string
32
33class StringIO:
34 def __init__(self, buf = ''):
35 self.buf = buf
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000036 self.len = len(buf)
37 self.buflist = []
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000038 self.pos = 0
39 self.closed = 0
Guido van Rossum0daa13b1995-06-22 18:45:04 +000040 self.softspace = 0
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000041 def close(self):
42 if not self.closed:
43 self.closed = 1
44 del self.buf, self.pos
45 def isatty(self):
Fred Drakece4ba891998-08-18 17:43:08 +000046 if self.closed:
47 raise ValueError, "I/O operation on closed file"
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000048 return 0
49 def seek(self, pos, mode = 0):
Fred Drakece4ba891998-08-18 17:43:08 +000050 if self.closed:
51 raise ValueError, "I/O operation on closed file"
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000052 if self.buflist:
53 self.buf = self.buf + string.joinfields(self.buflist, '')
54 self.buflist = []
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000055 if mode == 1:
56 pos = pos + self.pos
57 elif mode == 2:
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000058 pos = pos + self.len
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000059 self.pos = max(0, pos)
60 def tell(self):
Fred Drakece4ba891998-08-18 17:43:08 +000061 if self.closed:
62 raise ValueError, "I/O operation on closed file"
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000063 return self.pos
Guido van Rossumf7476c51996-01-25 17:34:14 +000064 def read(self, n = -1):
Fred Drakece4ba891998-08-18 17:43:08 +000065 if self.closed:
66 raise ValueError, "I/O operation on closed file"
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000067 if self.buflist:
68 self.buf = self.buf + string.joinfields(self.buflist, '')
69 self.buflist = []
Guido van Rossumf7476c51996-01-25 17:34:14 +000070 if n < 0:
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000071 newpos = self.len
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000072 else:
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000073 newpos = min(self.pos+n, self.len)
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000074 r = self.buf[self.pos:newpos]
75 self.pos = newpos
76 return r
Guido van Rossum2e2525f1997-07-25 14:56:01 +000077 def readline(self, length=None):
Fred Drakece4ba891998-08-18 17:43:08 +000078 if self.closed:
79 raise ValueError, "I/O operation on closed file"
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000080 if self.buflist:
81 self.buf = self.buf + string.joinfields(self.buflist, '')
82 self.buflist = []
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000083 i = string.find(self.buf, '\n', self.pos)
84 if i < 0:
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +000085 newpos = self.len
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000086 else:
87 newpos = i+1
Guido van Rossum2e2525f1997-07-25 14:56:01 +000088 if length is not None:
89 if self.pos + length < newpos:
90 newpos = self.pos + length
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000091 r = self.buf[self.pos:newpos]
92 self.pos = newpos
93 return r
Martin v. Löwisa05fa1d2000-09-19 11:07:44 +000094 def readlines(self, sizehint = 0):
95 total = 0
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +000096 lines = []
97 line = self.readline()
98 while line:
99 lines.append(line)
Martin v. Löwisa05fa1d2000-09-19 11:07:44 +0000100 total += len(line)
101 if 0 < sizehint <= total:
102 break
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +0000103 line = self.readline()
104 return lines
105 def write(self, s):
Fred Drakece4ba891998-08-18 17:43:08 +0000106 if self.closed:
107 raise ValueError, "I/O operation on closed file"
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +0000108 if not s: return
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +0000109 if self.pos > self.len:
110 self.buflist.append('\0'*(self.pos - self.len))
111 self.len = self.pos
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +0000112 newpos = self.pos + len(s)
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +0000113 if self.pos < self.len:
114 if self.buflist:
115 self.buf = self.buf + string.joinfields(self.buflist, '')
116 self.buflist = []
117 self.buflist = [self.buf[:self.pos], s, self.buf[newpos:]]
118 self.buf = ''
119 else:
120 self.buflist.append(s)
121 self.len = newpos
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +0000122 self.pos = newpos
123 def writelines(self, list):
124 self.write(string.joinfields(list, ''))
Sjoerd Mullenderaa3e1631995-07-19 11:21:21 +0000125 def flush(self):
Fred Drakece4ba891998-08-18 17:43:08 +0000126 if self.closed:
127 raise ValueError, "I/O operation on closed file"
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +0000128 def getvalue(self):
Guido van Rossumd3901021996-06-19 14:54:19 +0000129 if self.buflist:
130 self.buf = self.buf + string.joinfields(self.buflist, '')
131 self.buflist = []
Guido van Rossum85d89451994-06-23 11:53:27 +0000132 return self.buf
133
134
135# A little test suite
136
137def test():
138 import sys
139 if sys.argv[1:]:
140 file = sys.argv[1]
141 else:
142 file = '/etc/passwd'
143 lines = open(file, 'r').readlines()
144 text = open(file, 'r').read()
145 f = StringIO()
146 for line in lines[:-2]:
147 f.write(line)
148 f.writelines(lines[-2:])
149 if f.getvalue() != text:
150 raise RuntimeError, 'write failed'
151 length = f.tell()
152 print 'File length =', length
153 f.seek(len(lines[0]))
154 f.write(lines[1])
155 f.seek(0)
156 print 'First line =', `f.readline()`
157 here = f.tell()
158 line = f.readline()
159 print 'Second line =', `line`
160 f.seek(-len(line), 1)
161 line2 = f.read(len(line))
162 if line != line2:
163 raise RuntimeError, 'bad result after seek back'
164 f.seek(len(line2), 1)
165 list = f.readlines()
166 line = list[-1]
167 f.seek(f.tell() - len(line))
168 line2 = f.read()
169 if line != line2:
170 raise RuntimeError, 'bad result after seek back from EOF'
171 print 'Read', len(list), 'more lines'
172 print 'File length =', f.tell()
173 if f.tell() != length:
174 raise RuntimeError, 'bad length'
175 f.close()
176
177if __name__ == '__main__':
178 test()