diff --git a/Lib/test/test_argparse.py b/Lib/test/test_argparse.py
index 30e53ab..3e1bf25 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_argparse.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_argparse.py
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@
 
 
 class TestOptionalsAlternatePrefixChars(ParserTestCase):
-    """Test an Optional with a double-dash option string"""
+    """Test an Optional with option strings with custom prefixes"""
 
     parser_signature = Sig(prefix_chars='+:/', add_help=False)
     argument_signatures = [
@@ -428,6 +428,28 @@
         Sig('::bar'),
         Sig('/baz', action='store_const', const=42),
     ]
+    failures = ['--bar', '-fbar', '-b B', 'B', '-f', '--bar B', '-baz', '-h', '--help', '+h', '::help', '/help']
+    successes = [
+        ('', NS(f=False, bar=None, baz=None)),
+        ('+f', NS(f=True, bar=None, baz=None)),
+        ('::ba B', NS(f=False, bar='B', baz=None)),
+        ('+f ::bar B', NS(f=True, bar='B', baz=None)),
+        ('+f /b', NS(f=True, bar=None, baz=42)),
+        ('/ba +f', NS(f=True, bar=None, baz=42)),
+    ]
+
+
+class TestOptionalsAlternatePrefixCharsAddedHelp(ParserTestCase):
+    """When ``-`` not in prefix_chars, default operators created for help
+       should use the prefix_chars in use rather than - or --
+       http://bugs.python.org/issue9444"""
+
+    parser_signature = Sig(prefix_chars='+:/', add_help=True)
+    argument_signatures = [
+        Sig('+f', action='store_true'),
+        Sig('::bar'),
+        Sig('/baz', action='store_const', const=42),
+    ]
     failures = ['--bar', '-fbar', '-b B', 'B', '-f', '--bar B', '-baz']
     successes = [
         ('', NS(f=False, bar=None, baz=None)),
@@ -435,10 +457,9 @@
         ('::ba B', NS(f=False, bar='B', baz=None)),
         ('+f ::bar B', NS(f=True, bar='B', baz=None)),
         ('+f /b', NS(f=True, bar=None, baz=42)),
-        ('/ba +f', NS(f=True, bar=None, baz=42)),
+        ('/ba +f', NS(f=True, bar=None, baz=42))
     ]
 
-
 class TestOptionalsShortLong(ParserTestCase):
     """Test a combination of single- and double-dash option strings"""
 
@@ -1666,12 +1687,18 @@
     def assertArgumentParserError(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self.assertRaises(ArgumentParserError, *args, **kwargs)
 
-    def _get_parser(self, subparser_help=False):
+    def _get_parser(self, subparser_help=False, prefix_chars=None):
         # create a parser with a subparsers argument
-        parser = ErrorRaisingArgumentParser(
-            prog='PROG', description='main description')
-        parser.add_argument(
-            '--foo', action='store_true', help='foo help')
+        if prefix_chars:
+            parser = ErrorRaisingArgumentParser(
+                prog='PROG', description='main description', prefix_chars=prefix_chars)
+            parser.add_argument(
+                prefix_chars[0] * 2 + 'foo', action='store_true', help='foo help')
+        else:
+            parser = ErrorRaisingArgumentParser(
+                prog='PROG', description='main description')
+            parser.add_argument(
+                '--foo', action='store_true', help='foo help')
         parser.add_argument(
             'bar', type=float, help='bar help')
 
@@ -1750,6 +1777,44 @@
               --foo       foo help
             '''))
 
+    def test_help_extra_prefix_chars(self):
+        # Make sure - is still used for help if it is a non-first prefix char
+        parser = self._get_parser(prefix_chars='+:-')
+        self.assertEqual(parser.format_usage(),
+                         'usage: PROG [-h] [++foo] bar {1,2} ...\n')
+        self.assertEqual(parser.format_help(), textwrap.dedent('''\
+            usage: PROG [-h] [++foo] bar {1,2} ...
+
+            main description
+
+            positional arguments:
+              bar         bar help
+              {1,2}       command help
+
+            optional arguments:
+              -h, --help  show this help message and exit
+              ++foo       foo help
+            '''))
+
+
+    def test_help_alternate_prefix_chars(self):
+        parser = self._get_parser(prefix_chars='+:/')
+        self.assertEqual(parser.format_usage(),
+                         'usage: PROG [+h] [++foo] bar {1,2} ...\n')
+        self.assertEqual(parser.format_help(), textwrap.dedent('''\
+            usage: PROG [+h] [++foo] bar {1,2} ...
+
+            main description
+
+            positional arguments:
+              bar         bar help
+              {1,2}       command help
+
+            optional arguments:
+              +h, ++help  show this help message and exit
+              ++foo       foo help
+            '''))
+
     def test_parser_command_help(self):
         self.assertEqual(self.command_help_parser.format_usage(),
                          'usage: PROG [-h] [--foo] bar {1,2} ...\n')