diff --git a/Lib/test/test_cgi.py b/Lib/test/test_cgi.py
index e604c92..86e1f3a 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_cgi.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_cgi.py
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
         # if we're not chunking properly, readline is only called twice
         # (by read_binary); if we are chunking properly, it will be called 5 times
         # as long as the chunksize is 1 << 16.
-        self.assertTrue(f.numcalls > 2)
+        self.assertGreater(f.numcalls, 2)
         f.close()
 
     def test_fieldstorage_multipart(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py b/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py
index 64cd80bc..6c95c49 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@
 
     def testTimeoutDefault(self):
         # default -- use global socket timeout
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
         try:
             ftp = ftplib.FTP(HOST)
@@ -977,13 +977,13 @@
 
     def testTimeoutNone(self):
         # no timeout -- do not use global socket timeout
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
         try:
             ftp = ftplib.FTP(HOST, timeout=None)
         finally:
             socket.setdefaulttimeout(None)
-        self.assertTrue(ftp.sock.gettimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(ftp.sock.gettimeout())
         self.evt.wait()
         ftp.close()
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_httplib.py b/Lib/test/test_httplib.py
index 4410a93..c8ded92 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_httplib.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_httplib.py
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
         conn.sock = FakeSocket(None)
         conn.putrequest('GET','/')
         conn.putheader('Content-length', 42)
-        self.assertTrue(b'Content-length: 42' in conn._buffer)
+        self.assertIn(b'Content-length: 42', conn._buffer)
 
     def test_ipv6host_header(self):
         # Default host header on IPv6 transaction should wrapped by [] if
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@
         # and into the socket.
 
         # default -- use global socket timeout
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
         try:
             httpConn = client.HTTPConnection(HOST, TimeoutTest.PORT)
@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@
         httpConn.close()
 
         # no timeout -- do not use global socket default
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
         try:
             httpConn = client.HTTPConnection(HOST, TimeoutTest.PORT,
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py b/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py
index dfccb6b..4e62963 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@
 
     def verify_http_server_response(self, response):
         match = self.HTTPResponseMatch.search(response)
-        self.assertTrue(match is not None)
+        self.assertIsNotNone(match)
 
     def test_http_1_1(self):
         result = self.send_typical_request(b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n')
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
index 7a34a05..2dec4e9 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
@@ -1264,7 +1264,7 @@
 #     def testTimeoutNone(self):
 #         # global default timeout is ignored
 #         import socket
-#         self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+#         self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
 #         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
 #         try:
 #             ftp = urllib.ftpwrapper("myuser", "mypass", "localhost", 9093, [])
@@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@
 #     def testTimeoutDefault(self):
 #         # global default timeout is used
 #         import socket
-#         self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+#         self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
 #         socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
 #         try:
 #             ftp = urllib.ftpwrapper("myuser", "mypass", "localhost", 9093, [])
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
index d4c8945..3559b1b 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
@@ -594,8 +594,8 @@
                 self.assertIsInstance(args[0], Request)
                 # response from opener.open is None, because there's no
                 # handler that defines http_open to handle it
-                self.assertTrue(args[1] is None or
-                             isinstance(args[1], MockResponse))
+                if args[1] is not None:
+                    self.assertIsInstance(args[1], MockResponse)
 
     def test_method_deprecations(self):
         req = Request("http://www.example.com")
@@ -1000,7 +1000,8 @@
                            MockHeaders({"location": to_url}))
                 except urllib.error.HTTPError:
                     # 307 in response to POST requires user OK
-                    self.assertTrue(code == 307 and data is not None)
+                    self.assertEqual(code, 307)
+                    self.assertIsNotNone(data)
                 self.assertEqual(o.req.get_full_url(), to_url)
                 try:
                     self.assertEqual(o.req.get_method(), "GET")
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py
index a4c1622..4981c24 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
         with support.transient_internet(url):
             response = _urlopen_with_retry(url)
             sock = response.fp
-            self.assertTrue(not sock.closed)
+            self.assertFalse(sock.closed)
             response.close()
             self.assertTrue(sock.closed)
 
@@ -252,15 +252,15 @@
 
 class TimeoutTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_http_basic(self):
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         url = "http://www.python.org"
         with support.transient_internet(url, timeout=None):
             u = _urlopen_with_retry(url)
             self.addCleanup(u.close)
-            self.assertTrue(u.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout() is None)
+            self.assertIsNone(u.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout())
 
     def test_http_default_timeout(self):
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         url = "http://www.python.org"
         with support.transient_internet(url):
             socket.setdefaulttimeout(60)
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
             self.assertEqual(u.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout(), 60)
 
     def test_http_no_timeout(self):
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         url = "http://www.python.org"
         with support.transient_internet(url):
             socket.setdefaulttimeout(60)
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
                 self.addCleanup(u.close)
             finally:
                 socket.setdefaulttimeout(None)
-            self.assertTrue(u.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout() is None)
+            self.assertIsNone(u.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout())
 
     def test_http_timeout(self):
         url = "http://www.python.org"
@@ -293,14 +293,14 @@
     FTP_HOST = "ftp://ftp.mirror.nl/pub/gnu/"
 
     def test_ftp_basic(self):
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         with support.transient_internet(self.FTP_HOST, timeout=None):
             u = _urlopen_with_retry(self.FTP_HOST)
             self.addCleanup(u.close)
-            self.assertTrue(u.fp.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout() is None)
+            self.assertIsNone(u.fp.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout())
 
     def test_ftp_default_timeout(self):
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         with support.transient_internet(self.FTP_HOST):
             socket.setdefaulttimeout(60)
             try:
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@
             self.assertEqual(u.fp.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout(), 60)
 
     def test_ftp_no_timeout(self):
-        self.assertTrue(socket.getdefaulttimeout() is None)
+        self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
         with support.transient_internet(self.FTP_HOST):
             socket.setdefaulttimeout(60)
             try:
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
                 self.addCleanup(u.close)
             finally:
                 socket.setdefaulttimeout(None)
-            self.assertTrue(u.fp.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout() is None)
+            self.assertIsNone(u.fp.fp.raw._sock.gettimeout())
 
     def test_ftp_timeout(self):
         with support.transient_internet(self.FTP_HOST):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py b/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py
index 4107664..901f3c9 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
         # Check existing value
         env = {key:alt}
         util.setup_testing_defaults(env)
-        self.assertTrue(env[key] is alt)
+        self.assertIs(env[key], alt)
 
     def checkCrossDefault(self,key,value,**kw):
         util.setup_testing_defaults(kw)
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
         self.assertEqual(Headers(test[:]).keys(), ['x'])
         self.assertEqual(Headers(test[:]).values(), ['y'])
         self.assertEqual(Headers(test[:]).items(), test)
-        self.assertFalse(Headers(test).items() is test)  # must be copy!
+        self.assertIsNot(Headers(test).items(), test)  # must be copy!
 
         h=Headers([])
         del h['foo']   # should not raise an error