diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2020-10-02-11-35-33.bpo-41894.ffmtOt.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2020-10-02-11-35-33.bpo-41894.ffmtOt.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..571f5da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2020-10-02-11-35-33.bpo-41894.ffmtOt.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+When loading a native module and a load failure occurs, prevent a possible
+UnicodeDecodeError when not running in a UTF-8 locale by decoding the load
+error message using the current locale's encoding.
diff --git a/Python/dynload_aix.c b/Python/dynload_aix.c
index 684f10a..97f7698 100644
--- a/Python/dynload_aix.c
+++ b/Python/dynload_aix.c
@@ -144,10 +144,16 @@
         ERRBUF_APPEND(message[i]);
         ERRBUF_APPEND("\n");
     }
-    errbuf[strlen(errbuf)-1] = '\0';            /* trim off last newline */
-    pathname_ob = PyUnicode_FromString(pathname);
-    errbuf_ob = PyUnicode_FromString(errbuf);
-    PyErr_SetImportError(errbuf_ob, NULL, pathname);
+    /* Subtract 1 from the length to trim off trailing newline */
+    errbuf_ob = PyUnicode_DecodeLocaleAndSize(errbuf, strlen(errbuf)-1, "surrogateescape");
+    if (errbuf_ob == NULL)
+        return;
+    pathname_ob = PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefault(pathname);
+    if (pathname_ob == NULL) {
+        Py_DECREF(errbuf_ob);
+        return;
+    }
+    PyErr_SetImportError(errbuf_ob, NULL, pathname_ob);
     Py_DECREF(pathname_ob);
     Py_DECREF(errbuf_ob);
     return;
diff --git a/Python/dynload_hpux.c b/Python/dynload_hpux.c
index 4b964a6..e36d608 100644
--- a/Python/dynload_hpux.c
+++ b/Python/dynload_hpux.c
@@ -36,9 +36,20 @@
         char buf[256];
         PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Failed to load %.200s",
                       pathname);
-        PyObject *buf_ob = PyUnicode_FromString(buf);
+        PyObject *buf_ob = PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefault(buf);
+        if (buf_ob == NULL)
+            return NULL;
         PyObject *shortname_ob = PyUnicode_FromString(shortname);
-        PyObject *pathname_ob = PyUnicode_FromString(pathname);
+        if (shortname_ob == NULL) {
+            Py_DECREF(buf_ob);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        PyObject *pathname_ob = PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefault(pathname);
+        if (pathname_ob == NULL) {
+            Py_DECREF(buf_ob);
+            Py_DECREF(shortname_ob);
+            return NULL;
+        }
         PyErr_SetImportError(buf_ob, shortname_ob, pathname_ob);
         Py_DECREF(buf_ob);
         Py_DECREF(shortname_ob);
diff --git a/Python/dynload_shlib.c b/Python/dynload_shlib.c
index 082154d..2382889 100644
--- a/Python/dynload_shlib.c
+++ b/Python/dynload_shlib.c
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
         const char *error = dlerror();
         if (error == NULL)
             error = "unknown dlopen() error";
-        error_ob = PyUnicode_FromString(error);
+        error_ob = PyUnicode_DecodeLocale(error, "surrogateescape");
         if (error_ob == NULL)
             return NULL;
         mod_name = PyUnicode_FromString(shortname);
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
             Py_DECREF(error_ob);
             return NULL;
         }
-        path = PyUnicode_FromString(pathname);
+        path = PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefault(pathname);
         if (path == NULL) {
             Py_DECREF(error_ob);
             Py_DECREF(mod_name);