bpo-41993: Fix possible issues in remove_module() (GH-22631) (GH-22647)

* PyMapping_HasKey() is not safe because it silences all exceptions and can return incorrect result.
* Informative exceptions from PyMapping_DelItem() are overridden with RuntimeError and
  the original exception raised before calling remove_module() is lost.
* There is a race condition between PyMapping_HasKey() and PyMapping_DelItem().
(cherry picked from commit 8287aadb75f6bd0154996424819334cd3839707c)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>
diff --git a/Python/import.c b/Python/import.c
index 0e2e7c3..5e39a2f 100644
--- a/Python/import.c
+++ b/Python/import.c
@@ -905,7 +905,11 @@
 }
 
 
-/* Remove name from sys.modules, if it's there. */
+/* Remove name from sys.modules, if it's there.
+ * Can be called with an exception raised.
+ * If fail to remove name a new exception will be chained with the old
+ * exception, otherwise the old exception is preserved.
+ */
 static void
 remove_module(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *name)
 {
@@ -913,18 +917,17 @@
     _PyErr_Fetch(tstate, &type, &value, &traceback);
 
     PyObject *modules = tstate->interp->modules;
-    if (!PyMapping_HasKey(modules, name)) {
-        goto out;
+    if (PyDict_CheckExact(modules)) {
+        PyObject *mod = _PyDict_Pop(modules, name, Py_None);
+        Py_XDECREF(mod);
     }
-    if (PyMapping_DelItem(modules, name) < 0) {
-        _PyErr_SetString(tstate, PyExc_RuntimeError,
-                         "deleting key in sys.modules failed");
-        _PyErr_ChainExceptions(type, value, traceback);
-        return;
+    else if (PyMapping_DelItem(modules, name) < 0) {
+        if (_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(tstate, PyExc_KeyError)) {
+            _PyErr_Clear(tstate);
+        }
     }
 
-out:
-    _PyErr_Restore(tstate, type, value, traceback);
+    _PyErr_ChainExceptions(type, value, traceback);
 }