bpo-40204, doc: Fix syntax of C variables (GH-21846)

For example, fix the following Sphinx 3 errors:

Doc/c-api/buffer.rst:102: WARNING: Error in declarator or parameters
Invalid C declaration: Expected identifier in nested name. [error at 5]
  void \*obj
  -----^

Doc/c-api/arg.rst:130: WARNING: Unparseable C cross-reference: 'PyObject*'
Invalid C declaration: Expected end of definition. [error at 8]
  PyObject*
  --------^

The modified documentation is compatible with Sphinx 2 and Sphinx 3.
diff --git a/Doc/c-api/file.rst b/Doc/c-api/file.rst
index 5370c4e..ea027ee 100644
--- a/Doc/c-api/file.rst
+++ b/Doc/c-api/file.rst
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 .. index:: object: file
 
 These APIs are a minimal emulation of the Python 2 C API for built-in file
-objects, which used to rely on the buffered I/O (:c:type:`FILE\*`) support
+objects, which used to rely on the buffered I/O (:c:type:`FILE*`) support
 from the C standard library.  In Python 3, files and streams use the new
 :mod:`io` module, which defines several layers over the low-level unbuffered
 I/O of the operating system.  The functions described below are
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 the :mod:`io` APIs instead.
 
 
-.. c:function:: PyFile_FromFd(int fd, const char *name, const char *mode, int buffering, const char *encoding, const char *errors, const char *newline, int closefd)
+.. c:function:: PyObject* PyFile_FromFd(int fd, const char *name, const char *mode, int buffering, const char *encoding, const char *errors, const char *newline, int closefd)
 
    Create a Python file object from the file descriptor of an already
    opened file *fd*.  The arguments *name*, *encoding*, *errors* and *newline*