#7159: generalize urllib prior auth support.

This fix is a superset of the functionality introduced by the issue #19494
enhancement, and supersedes that fix.  Instead of a new handler, we have a new
password manager that tracks whether we should send the auth for a given uri.
This allows us to say "always send", satisfying #19494, or track that we've
succeeded in auth and send the creds right away on every *subsequent* request.
The support for using the password manager is added to AbstractBasicAuth,
which means the proxy handler also now can handle prior auth if passed
the new password manager.

Patch by Akshit Khurana, docs mostly by me.
diff --git a/Misc/ACKS b/Misc/ACKS
index 2ebaa9b..1641808 100644
--- a/Misc/ACKS
+++ b/Misc/ACKS
@@ -722,6 +722,7 @@
 Lawrence Kesteloot
 Vivek Khera
 Dhiru Kholia
+Akshit Khurana
 Mads Kiilerich
 Jason Killen
 Jan Kim