diff --git a/Python/Python-ast.c b/Python/Python-ast.c
index 0ecddb7..2839c0b 100644
--- a/Python/Python-ast.c
+++ b/Python/Python-ast.c
@@ -333,8 +333,10 @@
 static char *arguments_fields[]={
         "args",
         "vararg",
+        "kwonlyargs",
         "kwarg",
         "defaults",
+        "kw_defaults",
 };
 static PyTypeObject *keyword_type;
 static PyObject* ast2obj_keyword(void*);
@@ -708,7 +710,7 @@
         excepthandler_type = make_type("excepthandler", AST_type,
                                        excepthandler_fields, 5);
         if (!excepthandler_type) return 0;
-        arguments_type = make_type("arguments", AST_type, arguments_fields, 4);
+        arguments_type = make_type("arguments", AST_type, arguments_fields, 6);
         if (!arguments_type) return 0;
         keyword_type = make_type("keyword", AST_type, keyword_fields, 2);
         if (!keyword_type) return 0;
@@ -1828,8 +1830,8 @@
 }
 
 arguments_ty
-arguments(asdl_seq * args, identifier vararg, identifier kwarg, asdl_seq *
-          defaults, PyArena *arena)
+arguments(asdl_seq * args, identifier vararg, asdl_seq * kwonlyargs, identifier
+          kwarg, asdl_seq * defaults, asdl_seq * kw_defaults, PyArena *arena)
 {
         arguments_ty p;
         p = (arguments_ty)PyArena_Malloc(arena, sizeof(*p));
@@ -1839,8 +1841,10 @@
         }
         p->args = args;
         p->vararg = vararg;
+        p->kwonlyargs = kwonlyargs;
         p->kwarg = kwarg;
         p->defaults = defaults;
+        p->kw_defaults = kw_defaults;
         return p;
 }
 
@@ -2907,6 +2911,11 @@
         if (PyObject_SetAttrString(result, "vararg", value) == -1)
                 goto failed;
         Py_DECREF(value);
+        value = ast2obj_list(o->kwonlyargs, ast2obj_expr);
+        if (!value) goto failed;
+        if (PyObject_SetAttrString(result, "kwonlyargs", value) == -1)
+                goto failed;
+        Py_DECREF(value);
         value = ast2obj_identifier(o->kwarg);
         if (!value) goto failed;
         if (PyObject_SetAttrString(result, "kwarg", value) == -1)
@@ -2917,6 +2926,11 @@
         if (PyObject_SetAttrString(result, "defaults", value) == -1)
                 goto failed;
         Py_DECREF(value);
+        value = ast2obj_list(o->kw_defaults, ast2obj_expr);
+        if (!value) goto failed;
+        if (PyObject_SetAttrString(result, "kw_defaults", value) == -1)
+                goto failed;
+        Py_DECREF(value);
         return result;
 failed:
         Py_XDECREF(value);
@@ -2994,7 +3008,7 @@
         if (PyDict_SetItemString(d, "AST", (PyObject*)AST_type) < 0) return;
         if (PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "PyCF_ONLY_AST", PyCF_ONLY_AST) < 0)
                 return;
-        if (PyModule_AddStringConstant(m, "__version__", "51631") < 0)
+        if (PyModule_AddStringConstant(m, "__version__", "51773") < 0)
                 return;
         if (PyDict_SetItemString(d, "mod", (PyObject*)mod_type) < 0) return;
         if (PyDict_SetItemString(d, "Module", (PyObject*)Module_type) < 0)
diff --git a/Python/ast.c b/Python/ast.c
index bb2f3a3..672a715 100644
--- a/Python/ast.c
+++ b/Python/ast.c
@@ -591,6 +591,63 @@
     return result;
 }
 
+/* returns -1 if failed to handle keyword only arguments
+   returns new position to keep processing if successful
+               (',' NAME ['=' test])* 
+                     ^^^
+   start pointing here
+ */
+static int
+handle_keywordonly_args(struct compiling *c, const node *n, int start,
+                        asdl_seq *kwonlyargs, asdl_seq *kwdefaults)
+{
+    node *ch;
+    expr_ty name;
+    int i = start;
+    int j = 0; /* index for kwdefaults and kwonlyargs */
+    assert(kwonlyargs != NULL);
+    assert(kwdefaults != NULL);
+    while (i < NCH(n)) {
+        ch = CHILD(n, i);
+        switch (TYPE(ch)) {
+            case NAME:
+                if (i + 1 < NCH(n) && TYPE(CHILD(n, i + 1)) == EQUAL) {
+                    expr_ty expression = ast_for_expr(c, CHILD(n, i + 2));
+                    if (!expression) {
+                        ast_error(ch, "assignment to None");
+                        goto error;
+                    }
+                    asdl_seq_SET(kwdefaults, j, expression);
+                    i += 2; /* '=' and test */
+                }
+                else { /* setting NULL if no default value exists */
+                    asdl_seq_SET(kwdefaults, j, NULL);
+                }
+                if (!strcmp(STR(ch), "None")) {
+                    ast_error(ch, "assignment to None");
+                    goto error;
+                }
+                name = Name(NEW_IDENTIFIER(ch),
+                            Param, LINENO(ch), ch->n_col_offset,
+                            c->c_arena);
+                if (!name) {
+                    ast_error(ch, "expecting name");
+                    goto error;
+                }
+                asdl_seq_SET(kwonlyargs, j++, name);
+                i += 2; /* the name and the comma */
+                break;
+            case DOUBLESTAR:
+                return i;
+            default:
+                ast_error(ch, "unexpected node");
+                goto error;
+        }
+    }
+    return i;
+ error:
+    return -1;   
+}
 
 /* Create AST for argument list. */
 
@@ -598,35 +655,71 @@
 ast_for_arguments(struct compiling *c, const node *n)
 {
     /* parameters: '(' [varargslist] ')'
-       varargslist: (fpdef ['=' test] ',')* ('*' NAME [',' '**' NAME]
-            | '**' NAME) | fpdef ['=' test] (',' fpdef ['=' test])* [',']
+       varargslist: (fpdef ['=' test] ',')* 
+             ('*' [NAME] (',' fpdef ['=' test])* [',' '**' NAME] | '**' NAME)
+             | fpdef ['=' test] (',' fpdef ['=' test])* [',']
     */
-    int i, j, k, n_args = 0, n_defaults = 0, found_default = 0;
-    asdl_seq *args, *defaults;
+    int i, j, k, nposargs = 0, nkwonlyargs = 0;
+    int nposdefaults = 0, found_default = 0;
+    asdl_seq *posargs, *posdefaults, *kwonlyargs, *kwdefaults;
     identifier vararg = NULL, kwarg = NULL;
     node *ch;
 
     if (TYPE(n) == parameters) {
-	if (NCH(n) == 2) /* () as argument list */
-	    return arguments(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, c->c_arena);
-	n = CHILD(n, 1);
+        if (NCH(n) == 2) /* () as argument list */
+            return arguments(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, c->c_arena);
+        n = CHILD(n, 1);
     }
     REQ(n, varargslist);
 
-    /* first count the number of normal args & defaults */
+    /* first count the number of positional args & defaults */
     for (i = 0; i < NCH(n); i++) {
-	ch = CHILD(n, i);
-	if (TYPE(ch) == fpdef)
-	    n_args++;
-	if (TYPE(ch) == EQUAL)
-	    n_defaults++;
+        ch = CHILD(n, i);
+        if (TYPE(ch) == STAR) {
+            if (TYPE(CHILD(n, i+1)) == NAME) {
+            /* skip NAME of vararg */
+            /* so that following can count only keyword only args */
+                i += 2;
+            }
+            else {
+                i++;
+            }
+            break; 
+        }
+        if (TYPE(ch) == fpdef) nposargs++;
+        if (TYPE(ch) == EQUAL) nposdefaults++;
     }
-    args = (n_args ? asdl_seq_new(n_args, c->c_arena) : NULL);
-    if (!args && n_args)
-    	return NULL; /* Don't need to goto error; no objects allocated */
-    defaults = (n_defaults ? asdl_seq_new(n_defaults, c->c_arena) : NULL);
-    if (!defaults && n_defaults)
-    	return NULL; /* Don't need to goto error; no objects allocated */
+    /* count the number of keyword only args & 
+       defaults for keyword only args */
+    for ( ; i < NCH(n); ++i) {
+        ch = CHILD(n, i);
+        if (TYPE(ch) == DOUBLESTAR) break;
+        if (TYPE(ch) == NAME) nkwonlyargs++;
+    }
+
+    posargs = (nposargs ? asdl_seq_new(nposargs, c->c_arena) : NULL);
+    if (!posargs && nposargs)
+            return NULL; /* Don't need to goto error; no objects allocated */
+    kwonlyargs = (nkwonlyargs ?
+                   asdl_seq_new(nkwonlyargs, c->c_arena) : NULL);
+    if (!kwonlyargs && nkwonlyargs)
+            return NULL; /* Don't need to goto error; no objects allocated */
+    posdefaults = (nposdefaults ? 
+                    asdl_seq_new(nposdefaults, c->c_arena) : NULL);
+    if (!posdefaults && nposdefaults)
+            return NULL; /* Don't need to goto error; no objects allocated */
+    /* The length of kwonlyargs and kwdefaults are same 
+       since we set NULL as default for keyword only argument w/o default
+       - we have sequence data structure, but no dictionary */
+    kwdefaults = (nkwonlyargs ? 
+                   asdl_seq_new(nkwonlyargs, c->c_arena) : NULL);
+    if (!kwdefaults && nkwonlyargs)
+            return NULL; /* Don't need to goto error; no objects allocated */
+
+    if (nposargs + nkwonlyargs > 255) {
+		ast_error(n, "more than 255 arguments");
+		return NULL;
+    }
 
     /* fpdef: NAME | '(' fplist ')'
        fplist: fpdef (',' fpdef)* [',']
@@ -635,8 +728,8 @@
     j = 0;  /* index for defaults */
     k = 0;  /* index for args */
     while (i < NCH(n)) {
-	ch = CHILD(n, i);
-	switch (TYPE(ch)) {
+        ch = CHILD(n, i);
+        switch (TYPE(ch)) {
             case fpdef:
                 /* XXX Need to worry about checking if TYPE(CHILD(n, i+1)) is
                    anything other than EQUAL or a comma? */
@@ -644,57 +737,80 @@
                 if (i + 1 < NCH(n) && TYPE(CHILD(n, i + 1)) == EQUAL) {
                     expr_ty expression = ast_for_expr(c, CHILD(n, i + 2));
                     if (!expression)
-                            goto error;
-                    assert(defaults != NULL);
-                    asdl_seq_SET(defaults, j++, expression);
+                        goto error;
+                    assert(posdefaults != NULL);
+                    asdl_seq_SET(posdefaults, j++, expression);
+
                     i += 2;
-		    found_default = 1;
+                    found_default = 1;
                 }
-		else if (found_default) {
-		    ast_error(n, 
-			     "non-default argument follows default argument");
-		    goto error;
-		}
+                else if (found_default) {
+                    ast_error(n, 
+                             "non-default argument follows default argument");
+                    goto error;
+                }
                 if (NCH(ch) == 3) {
-		    ch = CHILD(ch, 1);
-		    /* def foo((x)): is not complex, special case. */
-		    if (NCH(ch) != 1) {
-			/* We have complex arguments, setup for unpacking. */
-			asdl_seq_SET(args, k++, compiler_complex_args(c, ch));
-		    } else {
-			/* def foo((x)): setup for checking NAME below. */
-			ch = CHILD(ch, 0);
-		    }
+                    ch = CHILD(ch, 1);
+                    /* def foo((x)): is not complex, special case. */
+                    if (NCH(ch) != 1) {
+                        /* We have complex arguments, setup for unpacking. */
+                        asdl_seq_SET(posargs, k++,
+                                     compiler_complex_args(c, ch));
+                    } else {
+                        /* def foo((x)): setup for checking NAME below. */
+                        ch = CHILD(ch, 0);
+                    }
                 }
                 if (TYPE(CHILD(ch, 0)) == NAME) {
-		    expr_ty name;
-		    if (!strcmp(STR(CHILD(ch, 0)), "None")) {
-			    ast_error(CHILD(ch, 0), "assignment to None");
-			    goto error;
-		    }
+                    expr_ty name;
+                    if (!strcmp(STR(CHILD(ch, 0)), "None")) {
+                            ast_error(CHILD(ch, 0), "assignment to None");
+                            goto error;
+                    }
                     name = Name(NEW_IDENTIFIER(CHILD(ch, 0)),
                                 Param, LINENO(ch), ch->n_col_offset,
                                 c->c_arena);
                     if (!name)
                         goto error;
-                    asdl_seq_SET(args, k++, name);
-					 
-		}
+                    asdl_seq_SET(posargs, k++, name);
+                                         
+                }
                 i += 2; /* the name and the comma */
                 break;
             case STAR:
-		if (!strcmp(STR(CHILD(n, i+1)), "None")) {
-			ast_error(CHILD(n, i+1), "assignment to None");
-			goto error;
-		}
-                vararg = NEW_IDENTIFIER(CHILD(n, i+1));
-                i += 3;
+                if (i+1 >= NCH(n)) {
+                    ast_error(CHILD(n, i), "no name for vararg");
+		    goto error;
+                }
+                if (!strcmp(STR(CHILD(n, i+1)), "None")) {
+                        ast_error(CHILD(n, i+1), "assignment to None");
+                        goto error;
+                }
+                if (TYPE(CHILD(n, i+1)) == COMMA) {
+                    int res = 0;    
+                    i += 2; /* now follows keyword only arguments */
+                    res = handle_keywordonly_args(c, n, i,
+                                                  kwonlyargs, kwdefaults);
+                    if (res == -1) goto error;
+                    i = res; /* res has new position to process */
+                }
+                else {
+                    vararg = NEW_IDENTIFIER(CHILD(n, i+1));
+                    i += 3;
+                    if (i < NCH(n) && TYPE(CHILD(n, i)) == NAME) {
+                        int res = 0;
+                        res = handle_keywordonly_args(c, n, i,
+                                                      kwonlyargs, kwdefaults);
+                        if (res == -1) goto error;
+                        i = res; /* res has new position to process */
+                    }
+                }
                 break;
             case DOUBLESTAR:
-		if (!strcmp(STR(CHILD(n, i+1)), "None")) {
-			ast_error(CHILD(n, i+1), "assignment to None");
-			goto error;
-		}
+                if (!strcmp(STR(CHILD(n, i+1)), "None")) {
+                        ast_error(CHILD(n, i+1), "assignment to None");
+                        goto error;
+                }
                 kwarg = NEW_IDENTIFIER(CHILD(n, i+1));
                 i += 3;
                 break;
@@ -703,11 +819,10 @@
                              "unexpected node in varargslist: %d @ %d",
                              TYPE(ch), i);
                 goto error;
-	}
+        }
     }
-
-    return arguments(args, vararg, kwarg, defaults, c->c_arena);
-
+    return arguments(posargs, vararg, kwonlyargs, kwarg, 
+                     posdefaults, kwdefaults, c->c_arena);
  error:
     Py_XDECREF(vararg);
     Py_XDECREF(kwarg);
@@ -851,7 +966,7 @@
     expr_ty expression;
 
     if (NCH(n) == 3) {
-        args = arguments(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, c->c_arena);
+        args = arguments(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, c->c_arena);
         if (!args)
             return NULL;
         expression = ast_for_expr(c, CHILD(n, 2));
diff --git a/Python/ceval.c b/Python/ceval.c
index dcbe53d..5d5acd0 100644
--- a/Python/ceval.c
+++ b/Python/ceval.c
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@
 			  (PyObject **)NULL, 0,
 			  (PyObject **)NULL, 0,
 			  (PyObject **)NULL, 0,
-			  NULL);
+			  NULL, NULL);
 }
 
 
@@ -2290,26 +2290,46 @@
 		}
 
 		case MAKE_FUNCTION:
+		{
+		    int posdefaults = oparg & 0xff;
+		    int kwdefaults = (oparg>>8) & 0xff;
+
 			v = POP(); /* code object */
 			x = PyFunction_New(v, f->f_globals);
 			Py_DECREF(v);
 			/* XXX Maybe this should be a separate opcode? */
-			if (x != NULL && oparg > 0) {
-				v = PyTuple_New(oparg);
+			if (x != NULL && posdefaults > 0) {
+				v = PyTuple_New(posdefaults);
 				if (v == NULL) {
 					Py_DECREF(x);
 					x = NULL;
 					break;
 				}
-				while (--oparg >= 0) {
+				while (--posdefaults >= 0) {
 					w = POP();
-					PyTuple_SET_ITEM(v, oparg, w);
+					PyTuple_SET_ITEM(v, posdefaults, w);
 				}
 				err = PyFunction_SetDefaults(x, v);
 				Py_DECREF(v);
 			}
+			if (x != NULL && kwdefaults > 0) {
+				v = PyDict_New();
+				if (v == NULL) {
+					Py_DECREF(x);
+					x = NULL;
+					break;
+				}
+				while (--kwdefaults >= 0) {
+					w = POP(); /* default value */
+					u = POP(); /* kw only arg name */
+					PyDict_SetItem(v, u, w);
+				}
+				err = PyFunction_SetKwDefaults(x, v);
+				Py_DECREF(v);
+			}
 			PUSH(x);
 			break;
+		}
 
 		case MAKE_CLOSURE:
 		{
@@ -2577,7 +2597,7 @@
 PyObject *
 PyEval_EvalCodeEx(PyCodeObject *co, PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals,
 	   PyObject **args, int argcount, PyObject **kws, int kwcount,
-	   PyObject **defs, int defcount, PyObject *closure)
+	   PyObject **defs, int defcount, PyObject *kwdefs, PyObject *closure)
 {
 	register PyFrameObject *f;
 	register PyObject *retval = NULL;
@@ -2601,6 +2621,7 @@
 	freevars = f->f_localsplus + co->co_nlocals;
 
 	if (co->co_argcount > 0 ||
+	    co->co_kwonlyargcount > 0 ||
 	    co->co_flags & (CO_VARARGS | CO_VARKEYWORDS)) {
 		int i;
 		int n = argcount;
@@ -2609,7 +2630,7 @@
 			kwdict = PyDict_New();
 			if (kwdict == NULL)
 				goto fail;
-			i = co->co_argcount;
+			i = co->co_argcount + co->co_kwonlyargcount;
 			if (co->co_flags & CO_VARARGS)
 				i++;
 			SETLOCAL(i, kwdict);
@@ -2618,7 +2639,7 @@
 			if (!(co->co_flags & CO_VARARGS)) {
 				PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
 				    "%.200s() takes %s %d "
-				    "%sargument%s (%d given)",
+				    "%spositional argument%s (%d given)",
 				    PyString_AsString(co->co_name),
 				    defcount ? "at most" : "exactly",
 				    co->co_argcount,
@@ -2638,7 +2659,7 @@
 			u = PyTuple_New(argcount - n);
 			if (u == NULL)
 				goto fail;
-			SETLOCAL(co->co_argcount, u);
+			SETLOCAL(co->co_argcount + co->co_kwonlyargcount, u);
 			for (i = n; i < argcount; i++) {
 				x = args[i];
 				Py_INCREF(x);
@@ -2656,7 +2677,9 @@
 				goto fail;
 			}
 			/* XXX slow -- speed up using dictionary? */
-			for (j = 0; j < co->co_argcount; j++) {
+			for (j = 0;
+			     j < co->co_argcount + co->co_kwonlyargcount;
+			     j++) {
 				PyObject *nm = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(
 					co->co_varnames, j);
 				int cmp = PyObject_RichCompareBool(
@@ -2669,7 +2692,7 @@
 			/* Check errors from Compare */
 			if (PyErr_Occurred())
 				goto fail;
-			if (j >= co->co_argcount) {
+			if (j >= co->co_argcount + co->co_kwonlyargcount) {
 				if (kwdict == NULL) {
 					PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
 					    "%.200s() got an unexpected "
@@ -2694,13 +2717,38 @@
 				SETLOCAL(j, value);
 			}
 		}
+		if (co->co_kwonlyargcount > 0) {
+			for (i = co->co_argcount;
+			     i < co->co_argcount + co->co_kwonlyargcount;
+			     i++) {
+				if (GETLOCAL(i) != NULL)
+					continue;
+				PyObject *name =
+				    PyTuple_GET_ITEM(co->co_varnames, i);
+				PyObject *def = NULL;
+				if (kwdefs != NULL)
+					def = PyDict_GetItem(kwdefs, name);
+				if (def != NULL) {
+					Py_INCREF(def);
+					SETLOCAL(i, def);
+					continue;
+				}
+				PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+					"%.200s() needs "
+					"keyword only argument %s",
+					PyString_AsString(co->co_name),
+					PyString_AsString(name));
+				goto fail;
+			}
+		}
 		if (argcount < co->co_argcount) {
 			int m = co->co_argcount - defcount;
 			for (i = argcount; i < m; i++) {
 				if (GETLOCAL(i) == NULL) {
 					PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
 					    "%.200s() takes %s %d "
-					    "%sargument%s (%d given)",
+					    "%spositional argument%s "
+					    "(%d given)",
 					    PyString_AsString(co->co_name),
 					    ((co->co_flags & CO_VARARGS) ||
 					     defcount) ? "at least"
@@ -3565,12 +3613,14 @@
 	PyCodeObject *co = (PyCodeObject *)PyFunction_GET_CODE(func);
 	PyObject *globals = PyFunction_GET_GLOBALS(func);
 	PyObject *argdefs = PyFunction_GET_DEFAULTS(func);
+	PyObject *kwdefs = PyFunction_GET_KW_DEFAULTS(func);
 	PyObject **d = NULL;
 	int nd = 0;
 
 	PCALL(PCALL_FUNCTION);
 	PCALL(PCALL_FAST_FUNCTION);
-	if (argdefs == NULL && co->co_argcount == n && nk==0 &&
+	if (argdefs == NULL && co->co_argcount == n &&
+	    co->co_kwonlyargcount == 0 && nk==0 &&
 	    co->co_flags == (CO_OPTIMIZED | CO_NEWLOCALS | CO_NOFREE)) {
 		PyFrameObject *f;
 		PyObject *retval = NULL;
@@ -3608,7 +3658,7 @@
 	}
 	return PyEval_EvalCodeEx(co, globals,
 				 (PyObject *)NULL, (*pp_stack)-n, na,
-				 (*pp_stack)-2*nk, nk, d, nd,
+				 (*pp_stack)-2*nk, nk, d, nd, kwdefs,
 				 PyFunction_GET_CLOSURE(func));
 }
 
diff --git a/Python/compile.c b/Python/compile.c
index 40ac2d7..1ab315b 100644
--- a/Python/compile.c
+++ b/Python/compile.c
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@
 	PyObject *u_private;	/* for private name mangling */
 
 	int u_argcount;	   /* number of arguments for block */ 
+	int u_kwonlyargcount; /* number of keyword only arguments for block */
     /* Pointer to the most recently allocated block.  By following b_list
        members, you can reach all early allocated blocks. */
 	basicblock *u_blocks;
@@ -494,6 +495,7 @@
 	}
 	memset(u, 0, sizeof(struct compiler_unit));
 	u->u_argcount = 0;
+	u->u_kwonlyargcount = 0;
 	u->u_ste = PySymtable_Lookup(c->c_st, key);
 	if (!u->u_ste) {
 		compiler_unit_free(u);
@@ -896,9 +898,9 @@
 			return -NARGS(oparg)-1;
 		case CALL_FUNCTION_VAR_KW:
 			return -NARGS(oparg)-2;
-#undef NARGS
 		case MAKE_FUNCTION:
-			return -oparg;
+			return -NARGS(oparg);
+#undef NARGS
 		case BUILD_SLICE:
 			if (oparg == 3)
 				return -2;
@@ -1347,6 +1349,25 @@
 }
 
 static int
+compiler_visit_kwonlydefaults(struct compiler *c, asdl_seq *kwonlyargs,
+	                      asdl_seq *kw_defaults)
+{
+	int i, default_count = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(kwonlyargs); i++) {
+		expr_ty arg = asdl_seq_GET(kwonlyargs, i);
+		expr_ty default_ = asdl_seq_GET(kw_defaults, i);
+		if (default_) {
+			ADDOP_O(c, LOAD_CONST, arg->v.Name.id, consts);
+			if (!compiler_visit_expr(c, default_)) {
+			    return -1;
+			}
+			default_count++;
+		}
+	}
+	return default_count;
+}
+
+static int
 compiler_function(struct compiler *c, stmt_ty s)
 {
 	PyCodeObject *co;
@@ -1354,14 +1375,22 @@
 	arguments_ty args = s->v.FunctionDef.args;
 	asdl_seq* decos = s->v.FunctionDef.decorators;
 	stmt_ty st;
-	int i, n, docstring;
+	int i, n, docstring, kw_default_count = 0, arglength;
 
 	assert(s->kind == FunctionDef_kind);
 
 	if (!compiler_decorators(c, decos))
 		return 0;
+	if (args->kwonlyargs) {
+		int res = compiler_visit_kwonlydefaults(c, args->kwonlyargs,
+						        args->kw_defaults);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return 0;
+		kw_default_count = res;
+	}
 	if (args->defaults)
 		VISIT_SEQ(c, expr, args->defaults);
+
 	if (!compiler_enter_scope(c, s->v.FunctionDef.name, (void *)s,
 				  s->lineno))
 		return 0;
@@ -1379,6 +1408,7 @@
 	compiler_arguments(c, args);
 
 	c->u->u_argcount = asdl_seq_LEN(args->args);
+	c->u->u_kwonlyargcount = asdl_seq_LEN(args->kwonlyargs);
 	n = asdl_seq_LEN(s->v.FunctionDef.body);
 	/* if there was a docstring, we need to skip the first statement */
 	for (i = docstring; i < n; i++) {
@@ -1390,7 +1420,9 @@
 	if (co == NULL)
 		return 0;
 
-	compiler_make_closure(c, co, asdl_seq_LEN(args->defaults));
+	arglength = asdl_seq_LEN(args->defaults);
+	arglength |= kw_default_count << 8;
+	compiler_make_closure(c, co, arglength);
 	Py_DECREF(co);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(decos); i++) {
@@ -1485,6 +1517,7 @@
 {
 	PyCodeObject *co;
 	static identifier name;
+	int kw_default_count = 0, arglength;
 	arguments_ty args = e->v.Lambda.args;
 	assert(e->kind == Lambda_kind);
 
@@ -1494,6 +1527,12 @@
 			return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (args->kwonlyargs) {
+		int res = compiler_visit_kwonlydefaults(c, args->kwonlyargs,
+						        args->kw_defaults);
+		if (res < 0) return 0;
+		kw_default_count = res;
+	}
 	if (args->defaults)
 		VISIT_SEQ(c, expr, args->defaults);
 	if (!compiler_enter_scope(c, name, (void *)e, e->lineno))
@@ -1503,6 +1542,7 @@
 	compiler_arguments(c, args);
 	
 	c->u->u_argcount = asdl_seq_LEN(args->args);
+	c->u->u_kwonlyargcount = asdl_seq_LEN(args->kwonlyargs);
 	VISIT_IN_SCOPE(c, expr, e->v.Lambda.body);
 	ADDOP_IN_SCOPE(c, RETURN_VALUE);
 	co = assemble(c, 1);
@@ -1510,7 +1550,9 @@
 	if (co == NULL)
 		return 0;
 
-	compiler_make_closure(c, co, asdl_seq_LEN(args->defaults));
+	arglength = asdl_seq_LEN(args->defaults);
+	arglength |= kw_default_count << 8;
+	compiler_make_closure(c, co, arglength);
 	Py_DECREF(co);
 
 	return 1;
@@ -3791,7 +3833,8 @@
 	Py_DECREF(consts);
 	consts = tmp;
 
-	co = PyCode_New(c->u->u_argcount, nlocals, stackdepth(c), flags,
+	co = PyCode_New(c->u->u_argcount, c->u->u_kwonlyargcount,
+			nlocals, stackdepth(c), flags,
 			bytecode, consts, names, varnames,
 			freevars, cellvars,
 			filename, c->u->u_name,
diff --git a/Python/graminit.c b/Python/graminit.c
index 912fdf2..0e94db4 100644
--- a/Python/graminit.c
+++ b/Python/graminit.c
@@ -146,14 +146,16 @@
 	{27, 5},
 	{0, 1},
 };
-static arc arcs_7_2[1] = {
+static arc arcs_7_2[3] = {
 	{19, 6},
+	{27, 7},
+	{0, 2},
 };
 static arc arcs_7_3[1] = {
-	{19, 7},
+	{19, 8},
 };
 static arc arcs_7_4[1] = {
-	{26, 8},
+	{26, 9},
 };
 static arc arcs_7_5[4] = {
 	{24, 1},
@@ -162,30 +164,41 @@
 	{0, 5},
 };
 static arc arcs_7_6[2] = {
-	{27, 9},
+	{27, 7},
 	{0, 6},
 };
-static arc arcs_7_7[1] = {
-	{0, 7},
-};
-static arc arcs_7_8[2] = {
-	{27, 5},
-	{0, 8},
-};
-static arc arcs_7_9[1] = {
+static arc arcs_7_7[2] = {
+	{19, 10},
 	{29, 3},
 };
-static state states_7[10] = {
+static arc arcs_7_8[1] = {
+	{0, 8},
+};
+static arc arcs_7_9[2] = {
+	{27, 5},
+	{0, 9},
+};
+static arc arcs_7_10[3] = {
+	{27, 7},
+	{25, 11},
+	{0, 10},
+};
+static arc arcs_7_11[1] = {
+	{26, 6},
+};
+static state states_7[12] = {
 	{3, arcs_7_0},
 	{3, arcs_7_1},
-	{1, arcs_7_2},
+	{3, arcs_7_2},
 	{1, arcs_7_3},
 	{1, arcs_7_4},
 	{4, arcs_7_5},
 	{2, arcs_7_6},
-	{1, arcs_7_7},
-	{2, arcs_7_8},
-	{1, arcs_7_9},
+	{2, arcs_7_7},
+	{1, arcs_7_8},
+	{2, arcs_7_9},
+	{3, arcs_7_10},
+	{1, arcs_7_11},
 };
 static arc arcs_8_0[2] = {
 	{19, 1},
@@ -1766,7 +1779,7 @@
 	 "\000\010\004\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"},
 	{262, "parameters", 0, 4, states_6,
 	 "\000\040\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"},
-	{263, "varargslist", 0, 10, states_7,
+	{263, "varargslist", 0, 12, states_7,
 	 "\000\040\010\060\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"},
 	{264, "fpdef", 0, 4, states_8,
 	 "\000\040\010\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"},
diff --git a/Python/import.c b/Python/import.c
index 49e844a..4c6c05a 100644
--- a/Python/import.c
+++ b/Python/import.c
@@ -67,9 +67,10 @@
        Python 3000:   3000
        	              3010 (removed UNARY_CONVERT)
 		      3020 (added BUILD_SET)
+		      3030 (added keyword-only parameters)
 .
 */
-#define MAGIC (3020 | ((long)'\r'<<16) | ((long)'\n'<<24))
+#define MAGIC (3030 | ((long)'\r'<<16) | ((long)'\n'<<24))
 
 /* Magic word as global; note that _PyImport_Init() can change the
    value of this global to accommodate for alterations of how the
diff --git a/Python/marshal.c b/Python/marshal.c
index c3bc87f..2667b65 100644
--- a/Python/marshal.c
+++ b/Python/marshal.c
@@ -349,6 +349,7 @@
 		PyCodeObject *co = (PyCodeObject *)v;
 		w_byte(TYPE_CODE, p);
 		w_long(co->co_argcount, p);
+		w_long(co->co_kwonlyargcount, p);
 		w_long(co->co_nlocals, p);
 		w_long(co->co_stacksize, p);
 		w_long(co->co_flags, p);
@@ -815,6 +816,7 @@
 		}
 		else {
 			int argcount;
+			int kwonlyargcount;
 			int nlocals;
 			int stacksize;
 			int flags;
@@ -832,6 +834,7 @@
 			v = NULL;
 
 			argcount = r_long(p);
+			kwonlyargcount = r_long(p);
 			nlocals = r_long(p);
 			stacksize = r_long(p);
 			flags = r_long(p);
@@ -865,7 +868,8 @@
 				goto code_error;
 
 			v = (PyObject *) PyCode_New(
-					argcount, nlocals, stacksize, flags,
+					argcount, kwonlyargcount,
+					nlocals, stacksize, flags,
 					code, consts, names, varnames,
 					freevars, cellvars, filename, name,
 					firstlineno, lnotab);
diff --git a/Python/symtable.c b/Python/symtable.c
index 8f19e0b..b0ebed4 100644
--- a/Python/symtable.c
+++ b/Python/symtable.c
@@ -893,6 +893,17 @@
 	} \
 }
 
+#define VISIT_KWONLYDEFAULTS(ST, KW_DEFAULTS) { \
+	int i = 0; \
+	asdl_seq *seq = (KW_DEFAULTS); /* avoid variable capture */ \
+	for (i = 0; i < asdl_seq_LEN(seq); i++) { \
+		expr_ty elt = (expr_ty)asdl_seq_GET(seq, i); \
+		if (!elt) continue; /* can be NULL */ \
+		if (!symtable_visit_expr((ST), elt)) \
+			return 0; \
+	} \
+}
+
 static int
 symtable_new_tmpname(struct symtable *st)
 {
@@ -910,6 +921,8 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+
+
 static int
 symtable_visit_stmt(struct symtable *st, stmt_ty s)
 {
@@ -919,6 +932,9 @@
 			return 0;
 		if (s->v.FunctionDef.args->defaults)
 			VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.FunctionDef.args->defaults);
+		if (s->v.FunctionDef.args->kw_defaults)
+			VISIT_KWONLYDEFAULTS(st, 
+					   s->v.FunctionDef.args->kw_defaults);
 		if (s->v.FunctionDef.decorators)
 			VISIT_SEQ(st, expr, s->v.FunctionDef.decorators);
 		if (!symtable_enter_block(st, s->v.FunctionDef.name, 
@@ -1262,6 +1278,8 @@
 	*/
 	if (a->args && !symtable_visit_params(st, a->args, 1))
 		return 0;
+	if (a->kwonlyargs && !symtable_visit_params(st, a->kwonlyargs, 1))
+		return 0;
 	if (a->vararg) {
 		if (!symtable_add_def(st, a->vararg, DEF_PARAM))
 			return 0;