Issue #28959: Added private macro PyDict_GET_SIZE for retrieving the size of dict.
diff --git a/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c b/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c
index 47d8f56..4908dde 100644
--- a/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c
+++ b/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c
@@ -3684,7 +3684,7 @@
        must be the same as len(inargs) + len(kwds), otherwise we have
        either too much or not enough arguments. */
 
-    actual_args = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(inargs) + (kwds ? PyDict_Size(kwds) : 0);
+    actual_args = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(inargs) + (kwds ? PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwds) : 0);
     if (actual_args != inargs_index) {
         /* When we have default values or named parameters, this error
            message is misleading.  See unittests/test_paramflags.py
diff --git a/Modules/_datetimemodule.c b/Modules/_datetimemodule.c
index 254e595..d11f4a9 100644
--- a/Modules/_datetimemodule.c
+++ b/Modules/_datetimemodule.c
@@ -3169,7 +3169,7 @@
         PyErr_Clear();
         state = Py_None;
         dictptr = _PyObject_GetDictPtr(self);
-        if (dictptr && *dictptr && PyDict_Size(*dictptr)) {
+        if (dictptr && *dictptr && PyDict_GET_SIZE(*dictptr)) {
             state = *dictptr;
         }
         Py_INCREF(state);
diff --git a/Modules/_decimal/_decimal.c b/Modules/_decimal/_decimal.c
index 9e8625d..feaef2e 100644
--- a/Modules/_decimal/_decimal.c
+++ b/Modules/_decimal/_decimal.c
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@
         return DEC_INVALID_SIGNALS;
     }
 
-    if (PyDict_Size(val) != SIGNAL_MAP_LEN) {
+    if (PyDict_GET_SIZE(val) != SIGNAL_MAP_LEN) {
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError,
             "invalid signal dict");
         return DEC_INVALID_SIGNALS;
diff --git a/Modules/_elementtree.c b/Modules/_elementtree.c
index ba827e6..9e6f63b 100644
--- a/Modules/_elementtree.c
+++ b/Modules/_elementtree.c
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
 static int
 is_empty_dict(PyObject *obj)
 {
-    return PyDict_CheckExact(obj) && PyDict_Size(obj) == 0;
+    return PyDict_CheckExact(obj) && PyDict_GET_SIZE(obj) == 0;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/Modules/_functoolsmodule.c b/Modules/_functoolsmodule.c
index 19ca65b..6b5c008 100644
--- a/Modules/_functoolsmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/_functoolsmodule.c
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
     }
     Py_DECREF(nargs);
 
-    if (pkw == NULL || PyDict_Size(pkw) == 0) {
+    if (pkw == NULL || PyDict_GET_SIZE(pkw) == 0) {
         if (kw == NULL) {
             pto->kw = PyDict_New();
         }
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
         assert(PyTuple_Check(argappl));
     }
 
-    if (PyDict_Size(pto->kw) == 0) {
+    if (PyDict_GET_SIZE(pto->kw) == 0) {
         kwappl = kw;
         Py_XINCREF(kwappl);
     }
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@
         return args;
     }
 
-    if (kwds && PyDict_Size(kwds) > 0) {
+    if (kwds && PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwds) > 0) {
         sorted_items = PyDict_Items(kwds);
         if (!sorted_items)
             return NULL;
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@
         }
         lru_cache_append_link(self, link);
         Py_INCREF(result); /* for return */
-        self->full = (PyDict_Size(self->cache) >= self->maxsize);
+        self->full = (PyDict_GET_SIZE(self->cache) >= self->maxsize);
     }
     self->misses++;
     return result;
@@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@
 {
     return PyObject_CallFunction(self->cache_info_type, "nnOn",
                                  self->hits, self->misses, self->maxsize_O,
-                                 PyDict_Size(self->cache));
+                                 PyDict_GET_SIZE(self->cache));
 }
 
 static PyObject *
diff --git a/Modules/_operator.c b/Modules/_operator.c
index fb8eafc..f5b8612 100644
--- a/Modules/_operator.c
+++ b/Modules/_operator.c
@@ -1016,16 +1016,7 @@
         return PyUnicode_FromFormat("%s(...)", Py_TYPE(mc)->tp_name);
     }
 
-    if (mc->kwds != NULL) {
-        numkwdargs = PyDict_Size(mc->kwds);
-        if (numkwdargs < 0) {
-            Py_ReprLeave((PyObject *)mc);
-            return NULL;
-        }
-    } else {
-        numkwdargs = 0;
-    }
-
+    numkwdargs = mc->kwds != NULL ? PyDict_GET_SIZE(mc->kwds) : 0;
     numposargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(mc->args);
     numtotalargs = numposargs + numkwdargs;
 
@@ -1092,7 +1083,7 @@
 methodcaller_reduce(methodcallerobject *mc)
 {
     PyObject *newargs;
-    if (!mc->kwds || PyDict_Size(mc->kwds) == 0) {
+    if (!mc->kwds || PyDict_GET_SIZE(mc->kwds) == 0) {
         Py_ssize_t i;
         Py_ssize_t callargcount = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(mc->args);
         newargs = PyTuple_New(1 + callargcount);
diff --git a/Modules/_pickle.c b/Modules/_pickle.c
index 947069a..b1e1d49 100644
--- a/Modules/_pickle.c
+++ b/Modules/_pickle.c
@@ -2787,10 +2787,10 @@
     const char setitem_op = SETITEM;
     const char setitems_op = SETITEMS;
 
-    assert(obj != NULL);
+    assert(obj != NULL && PyDict_CheckExact(obj));
     assert(self->proto > 0);
 
-    dict_size = PyDict_Size(obj);
+    dict_size = PyDict_GET_SIZE(obj);
 
     /* Special-case len(d) == 1 to save space. */
     if (dict_size == 1) {
@@ -2819,7 +2819,7 @@
         }
         if (_Pickler_Write(self, &setitems_op, 1) < 0)
             return -1;
-        if (PyDict_Size(obj) != dict_size) {
+        if (PyDict_GET_SIZE(obj) != dict_size) {
             PyErr_Format(
                 PyExc_RuntimeError,
                 "dictionary changed size during iteration");
@@ -2837,6 +2837,7 @@
     char header[3];
     Py_ssize_t len;
     int status = 0;
+    assert(PyDict_Check(obj));
 
     if (self->fast && !fast_save_enter(self, obj))
         goto error;
@@ -2855,14 +2856,10 @@
     if (_Pickler_Write(self, header, len) < 0)
         goto error;
 
-    /* Get dict size, and bow out early if empty. */
-    if ((len = PyDict_Size(obj)) < 0)
-        goto error;
-
     if (memo_put(self, obj) < 0)
         goto error;
 
-    if (len != 0) {
+    if (PyDict_GET_SIZE(obj)) {
         /* Save the dict items. */
         if (PyDict_CheckExact(obj) && self->proto > 0) {
             /* We can take certain shortcuts if we know this is a dict and
@@ -6878,7 +6875,7 @@
         Py_ssize_t i = 0;
         PyObject *key, *value;
 
-        new_memo_size = PyDict_Size(obj);
+        new_memo_size = PyDict_GET_SIZE(obj);
         new_memo = _Unpickler_NewMemo(new_memo_size);
         if (new_memo == NULL)
             return -1;
diff --git a/Modules/_sqlite/cache.c b/Modules/_sqlite/cache.c
index 62c5893..72b1f2c 100644
--- a/Modules/_sqlite/cache.c
+++ b/Modules/_sqlite/cache.c
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
          * entry in the cache, and make space if necessary by throwing the
          * least used item out of the cache. */
 
-        if (PyDict_Size(self->mapping) == self->size) {
+        if (PyDict_GET_SIZE(self->mapping) == self->size) {
             if (self->last) {
                 node = self->last;
 
diff --git a/Modules/_struct.c b/Modules/_struct.c
index 1d7a935..d621789 100644
--- a/Modules/_struct.c
+++ b/Modules/_struct.c
@@ -2048,7 +2048,7 @@
 
     s_object = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs((PyObject *)(&PyStructType), fmt, NULL);
     if (s_object != NULL) {
-        if (PyDict_Size(cache) >= MAXCACHE)
+        if (PyDict_GET_SIZE(cache) >= MAXCACHE)
             PyDict_Clear(cache);
         /* Attempt to cache the result */
         if (PyDict_SetItem(cache, fmt, s_object) == -1)
diff --git a/Modules/itertoolsmodule.c b/Modules/itertoolsmodule.c
index 6bf04cb..7cbee2b 100644
--- a/Modules/itertoolsmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/itertoolsmodule.c
@@ -4180,7 +4180,7 @@
         return NULL;
 
     if (kwds != NULL)
-        n_kwds = PyDict_Size(kwds);
+        n_kwds = PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwds);
     /* Does user supply times argument? */
     if ((PyTuple_Size(args) + n_kwds == 2) && cnt < 0)
         cnt = 0;
@@ -4331,9 +4331,9 @@
     PyObject *fillvalue = Py_None;
     Py_ssize_t tuplesize = PySequence_Length(args);
 
-    if (kwds != NULL && PyDict_CheckExact(kwds) && PyDict_Size(kwds) > 0) {
+    if (kwds != NULL && PyDict_CheckExact(kwds) && PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwds) > 0) {
         fillvalue = PyDict_GetItemString(kwds, "fillvalue");
-        if (fillvalue == NULL  ||  PyDict_Size(kwds) > 1) {
+        if (fillvalue == NULL || PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwds) > 1) {
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                 "zip_longest() got an unexpected keyword argument");
             return NULL;
diff --git a/Modules/selectmodule.c b/Modules/selectmodule.c
index 79cf199..0206651 100644
--- a/Modules/selectmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/selectmodule.c
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@
     PyObject *key, *value;
     struct pollfd *old_ufds = self->ufds;
 
-    self->ufd_len = PyDict_Size(self->dict);
+    self->ufd_len = PyDict_GET_SIZE(self->dict);
     PyMem_RESIZE(self->ufds, struct pollfd, self->ufd_len);
     if (self->ufds == NULL) {
         self->ufds = old_ufds;