bpo-39184: Add audit events to functions in `fcntl`, `msvcrt`, `os`, `resource`,  `shutil`, `signal`, `syslog` (GH-18407)

diff --git a/Modules/posixmodule.c b/Modules/posixmodule.c
index ec3da4f..4d6d255 100644
--- a/Modules/posixmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/posixmodule.c
@@ -2911,6 +2911,10 @@
 {
     int result;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chdir", "(O)", path->object) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     /* on unix, success = 0, on windows, success = !0 */
@@ -2950,6 +2954,9 @@
 os_fchdir_impl(PyObject *module, int fd)
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=42e064ec4dc00ab0 input=18e816479a2fa985]*/
 {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chdir", "(i)", fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     return posix_fildes_fd(fd, fchdir);
 }
 #endif /* HAVE_FCHDIR */
@@ -3007,6 +3014,11 @@
         return NULL;
 #endif
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chmod", "Oii", path->object, mode,
+                    dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     attr = GetFileAttributesW(path->wide);
@@ -3103,6 +3115,10 @@
     int res;
     int async_err = 0;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chmod", "iii", fd, mode, -1) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     do {
         Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
         res = fchmod(fd, mode);
@@ -3134,6 +3150,9 @@
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=082344022b51a1d5 input=90c5663c7465d24f]*/
 {
     int res;
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chmod", "Oii", path->object, mode, -1) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     res = lchmod(path->narrow, mode);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
@@ -3176,6 +3195,10 @@
         return NULL;
 #endif
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chflags", "Ok", path->object, flags) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
 #ifdef HAVE_LCHFLAGS
     if (!follow_symlinks)
@@ -3211,6 +3234,9 @@
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=30ae958695c07316 input=f9f82ea8b585ca9d]*/
 {
     int res;
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chflags", "Ok", path->object, flags) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     res = lchflags(path->narrow, flags);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
@@ -3373,6 +3399,11 @@
     }
 #endif
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chown", "OIIi", path->object, uid, gid,
+                    dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
 #ifdef HAVE_FCHOWN
     if (path->fd != -1)
@@ -3422,6 +3453,10 @@
     int res;
     int async_err = 0;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chown", "iIIi", fd, uid, gid, -1) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     do {
         Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
         res = fchown(fd, uid, gid);
@@ -3454,6 +3489,9 @@
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=25eaf6af412fdf2f input=b1c6014d563a7161]*/
 {
     int res;
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.chown", "OIIi", path->object, uid, gid, -1) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     res = lchown(path->narrow, uid, gid);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
@@ -3647,6 +3685,12 @@
     }
 #endif
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.link", "OOii", src->object, dst->object,
+                    src_dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : src_dir_fd,
+                    dst_dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dst_dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     result = CreateHardLinkW(dst->wide, src->wide, NULL);
@@ -4114,6 +4158,11 @@
 {
     int result;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.mkdir", "Oii", path->object, mode,
+                    dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     result = CreateDirectoryW(path->wide, NULL);
@@ -4259,6 +4308,12 @@
     }
 #endif
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.rename", "OOii", src->object, dst->object,
+                    src_dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : src_dir_fd,
+                    dst_dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dst_dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     result = MoveFileExW(src->wide, dst->wide, flags);
@@ -4359,6 +4414,11 @@
 {
     int result;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.rmdir", "Oi", path->object,
+                    dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     /* Windows, success=1, UNIX, success=0 */
@@ -4517,6 +4577,11 @@
 {
     int result;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.remove", "Oi", path->object,
+                    dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     _Py_BEGIN_SUPPRESS_IPH
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
@@ -4933,6 +4998,11 @@
     }
 #endif
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.utime", "OOOi", path->object, times, ns ? ns : Py_None,
+                    dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     hFile = CreateFileW(path->wide, FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, 0,
@@ -5234,8 +5304,7 @@
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    if (PySys_Audit("os.exec", "OOO", path->object ? path->object : Py_None,
-                    argv, Py_None) < 0) {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.exec", "OOO", path->object, argv, Py_None) < 0) {
         free_string_array(argvlist, argc);
         return NULL;
     }
@@ -5311,8 +5380,7 @@
     if (envlist == NULL)
         goto fail_0;
 
-    if (PySys_Audit("os.exec", "OOO", path->object ? path->object : Py_None,
-                    argv, env) < 0) {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.exec", "OOO", path->object, argv, env) < 0) {
         goto fail_1;
     }
 
@@ -5665,8 +5733,7 @@
     }
     attrp = &attr;
 
-    if (PySys_Audit("os.posix_spawn", "OOO",
-                    path->object ? path->object : Py_None, argv, env) < 0) {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.posix_spawn", "OOO", path->object, argv, env) < 0) {
         goto exit;
     }
 
@@ -5910,8 +5977,7 @@
         mode = _P_OVERLAY;
 #endif
 
-    if (PySys_Audit("os.spawn", "iOOO", mode,
-                    path->object ? path->object : Py_None, argv,
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.spawn", "iOOO", mode, path->object, argv,
                     Py_None) < 0) {
         free_string_array(argvlist, argc);
         return NULL;
@@ -6026,8 +6092,7 @@
         mode = _P_OVERLAY;
 #endif
 
-    if (PySys_Audit("os.spawn", "iOOO", mode,
-                    path->object ? path->object : Py_None, argv, env) < 0) {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.spawn", "iOOO", mode, path->object, argv, env) < 0) {
         goto fail_2;
     }
 
@@ -6182,6 +6247,9 @@
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "fork not supported for subinterpreters");
         return NULL;
     }
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.fork", NULL) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     PyOS_BeforeFork();
     pid = fork();
     if (pid == 0) {
@@ -6788,6 +6856,9 @@
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "fork not supported for subinterpreters");
         return NULL;
     }
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.forkpty", NULL) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     PyOS_BeforeFork();
     pid = forkpty(&master_fd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
     if (pid == 0) {
@@ -7309,14 +7380,15 @@
 static PyObject *
 os_kill_impl(PyObject *module, pid_t pid, Py_ssize_t signal)
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=8e346a6701c88568 input=61a36b86ca275ab9]*/
-#ifndef MS_WINDOWS
 {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.kill", "in", pid, signal) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+#ifndef MS_WINDOWS
     if (kill(pid, (int)signal) == -1)
         return posix_error();
     Py_RETURN_NONE;
-}
 #else /* !MS_WINDOWS */
-{
     PyObject *result;
     DWORD sig = (DWORD)signal;
     DWORD err;
@@ -7351,8 +7423,8 @@
 
     CloseHandle(handle);
     return result;
-}
 #endif /* !MS_WINDOWS */
+}
 #endif /* HAVE_KILL */
 
 
@@ -7371,6 +7443,9 @@
 os_killpg_impl(PyObject *module, pid_t pgid, int signal)
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=6dbcd2f1fdf5fdba input=38b5449eb8faec19]*/
 {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.killpg", "ii", pgid, signal) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     /* XXX some man pages make the `pgid` parameter an int, others
        a pid_t. Since getpgrp() returns a pid_t, we assume killpg should
        take the same type. Moreover, pid_t is always at least as wide as
@@ -8143,6 +8218,11 @@
     int result;
 #endif
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.symlink", "OOi", src->object, dst->object,
+                    dir_fd == DEFAULT_DIR_FD ? -1 : dir_fd) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
 
     if (windows_has_symlink_unprivileged_flag) {
@@ -8745,6 +8825,10 @@
 {
     int res;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.lockf", "iiL", fd, command, length) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     res = lockf(fd, command, length);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
@@ -10147,6 +10231,9 @@
 os_putenv_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *name, PyObject *value)
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=d29a567d6b2327d2 input=ba586581c2e6105f]*/
 {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.putenv", "OO", name, value) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     return win32_putenv(name, value);
 }
 #else
@@ -10172,6 +10259,10 @@
         return NULL;
     }
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.putenv", "OO", name, value) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     if (setenv(name_string, value_string, 1)) {
         return posix_error();
     }
@@ -10193,6 +10284,9 @@
 os_unsetenv_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *name)
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=54c4137ab1834f02 input=4d6a1747cc526d2f]*/
 {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.unsetenv", "(O)", name) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
     return win32_putenv(name, NULL);
 }
 #else
@@ -10208,6 +10302,9 @@
 os_unsetenv_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *name)
 /*[clinic end generated code: output=54c4137ab1834f02 input=2bb5288a599c7107]*/
 {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.unsetenv", "(O)", name) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
 #ifdef HAVE_BROKEN_UNSETENV
     unsetenv(PyBytes_AS_STRING(name));
 #else
@@ -11730,9 +11827,7 @@
             "startfile not available on this platform");
     }
 
-    if (PySys_Audit("os.startfile", "Ou",
-                    filepath->object ? filepath->object : Py_None,
-                    operation) < 0) {
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.startfile", "Ou", filepath->object, operation) < 0) {
         return NULL;
     }
 
@@ -11910,6 +12005,10 @@
     if (fd_and_follow_symlinks_invalid("getxattr", path->fd, follow_symlinks))
         return NULL;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.getxattr", "OO", path->object, attribute->object) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     for (i = 0; ; i++) {
         void *ptr;
         ssize_t result;
@@ -11981,6 +12080,11 @@
     if (fd_and_follow_symlinks_invalid("setxattr", path->fd, follow_symlinks))
         return NULL;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.setxattr", "OOy#i", path->object, attribute->object,
+                    value->buf, value->len, flags) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS;
     if (path->fd > -1)
         result = fsetxattr(path->fd, attribute->narrow,
@@ -12029,6 +12133,10 @@
     if (fd_and_follow_symlinks_invalid("removexattr", path->fd, follow_symlinks))
         return NULL;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.removexattr", "OO", path->object, attribute->object) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS;
     if (path->fd > -1)
         result = fremovexattr(path->fd, attribute->narrow);
@@ -12074,6 +12182,11 @@
     if (fd_and_follow_symlinks_invalid("listxattr", path->fd, follow_symlinks))
         goto exit;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.listxattr", "(O)",
+                    path->object ? path->object : Py_None) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     name = path->narrow ? path->narrow : ".";
 
     for (i = 0; ; i++) {
@@ -13550,6 +13663,10 @@
     DLL_DIRECTORY_COOKIE cookie = 0;
     DWORD err = 0;
 
+    if (PySys_Audit("os.add_dll_directory", "(O)", path->object) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     /* For Windows 7, we have to load this. As this will be a fairly
        infrequent operation, just do it each time. Kernel32 is always
        loaded. */