bpo-40334: Improve column offsets for thrown syntax errors by Pegen (GH-19782)

diff --git a/Parser/pegen/parse.c b/Parser/pegen/parse.c
index 2be5e38..33c92c2 100644
--- a/Parser/pegen/parse.c
+++ b/Parser/pegen/parse.c
@@ -10515,7 +10515,7 @@
             (_tmp_132_var = _tmp_132_rule(p))
         )
         {
-            res = RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR ( "cannot assign to %s" , _PyPegen_get_expr_name ( a ) );
+            res = RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR_NO_COL_OFFSET ( "cannot assign to %s" , _PyPegen_get_expr_name ( a ) );
             if (res == NULL && PyErr_Occurred()) {
                 p->error_indicator = 1;
                 return NULL;
diff --git a/Parser/pegen/pegen.c b/Parser/pegen/pegen.c
index 40c09ff..a7add8f 100644
--- a/Parser/pegen/pegen.c
+++ b/Parser/pegen/pegen.c
@@ -145,11 +145,15 @@
     if (!str) {
         return 0;
     }
-    PyObject *text = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(str, col_offset, NULL);
+    PyObject *text = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(str, col_offset, "replace");
     if (!text) {
         return 0;
     }
     Py_ssize_t size = PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(text);
+    str = PyUnicode_AsUTF8(text);
+    if (str != NULL && (int)strlen(str) == col_offset) {
+        size = strlen(str);
+    }
     Py_DECREF(text);
     return size;
 }
@@ -297,69 +301,24 @@
 }
 
 static inline PyObject *
-get_error_line(char *buffer)
+get_error_line(char *buffer, int is_file)
 {
-    char *newline = strchr(buffer, '\n');
+    const char *newline;
+    if (is_file) {
+        newline = strrchr(buffer, '\n');
+    } else {
+        newline = strchr(buffer, '\n');
+    }
+
     if (newline) {
-        return PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(buffer, newline - buffer);
+        return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(buffer, newline - buffer, "replace");
     }
     else {
-        return PyUnicode_FromString(buffer);
+        return PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(buffer, strlen(buffer), "replace");
     }
 }
 
 static int
-tokenizer_error_with_col_offset(Parser *p, PyObject *errtype, const char *errmsg)
-{
-    PyObject *errstr = NULL;
-    PyObject *value = NULL;
-    size_t col_number = -1;
-
-    errstr = PyUnicode_FromString(errmsg);
-    if (!errstr) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    PyObject *loc = NULL;
-    if (p->start_rule == Py_file_input) {
-        loc = PyErr_ProgramTextObject(p->tok->filename, p->tok->lineno);
-    }
-    if (!loc) {
-        loc = get_error_line(p->tok->buf);
-    }
-
-    if (loc) {
-        col_number = p->tok->cur - p->tok->buf;
-    }
-    else {
-        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-        loc = Py_None;
-    }
-
-    PyObject *tmp = Py_BuildValue("(OiiN)", p->tok->filename, p->tok->lineno,
-                                  col_number, loc);
-    if (!tmp) {
-        goto error;
-    }
-
-    value = PyTuple_Pack(2, errstr, tmp);
-    Py_DECREF(tmp);
-    if (!value) {
-        goto error;
-    }
-    PyErr_SetObject(errtype, value);
-
-    Py_XDECREF(value);
-    Py_XDECREF(errstr);
-    return -1;
-
-error:
-    Py_XDECREF(errstr);
-    Py_XDECREF(loc);
-    return -1;
-}
-
-static int
 tokenizer_error(Parser *p)
 {
     if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
@@ -376,20 +335,20 @@
             msg = "invalid character in identifier";
             break;
         case E_BADPREFIX:
-            return tokenizer_error_with_col_offset(p,
-                errtype, "invalid string prefix");
+            RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR("invalid string prefix");
+            return -1;
         case E_EOFS:
-            return tokenizer_error_with_col_offset(p,
-                errtype, "EOF while scanning triple-quoted string literal");
+            RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR("EOF while scanning triple-quoted string literal");
+            return -1;
         case E_EOLS:
-            return tokenizer_error_with_col_offset(p,
-                errtype, "EOL while scanning string literal");
+            RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR("EOL while scanning string literal");
+            return -1;
         case E_EOF:
-            return tokenizer_error_with_col_offset(p,
-                errtype, "unexpected EOF while parsing");
+            RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR("unexpected EOF while parsing");
+            return -1;
         case E_DEDENT:
-            return tokenizer_error_with_col_offset(p,
-                PyExc_IndentationError, "unindent does not match any outer indentation level");
+            RAISE_INDENTATION_ERROR("unindent does not match any outer indentation level");
+            return -1;
         case E_INTR:
             if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
                 PyErr_SetNone(PyExc_KeyboardInterrupt);
@@ -421,14 +380,14 @@
 }
 
 void *
-_PyPegen_raise_error(Parser *p, PyObject *errtype, const char *errmsg, ...)
+_PyPegen_raise_error(Parser *p, PyObject *errtype, int with_col_number, const char *errmsg, ...)
 {
     PyObject *value = NULL;
     PyObject *errstr = NULL;
     PyObject *loc = NULL;
     PyObject *tmp = NULL;
     Token *t = p->tokens[p->fill - 1];
-    Py_ssize_t col_number = 0;
+    Py_ssize_t col_number = !with_col_number;
     va_list va;
 
     va_start(va, errmsg);
@@ -443,14 +402,20 @@
     }
 
     if (!loc) {
-        loc = get_error_line(p->tok->buf);
+        loc = get_error_line(p->tok->buf, p->start_rule == Py_file_input);
     }
 
-    if (loc) {
-        int col_offset = t->col_offset == -1 ? 0 : t->col_offset;
-        col_number = byte_offset_to_character_offset(loc, col_offset) + 1;
+    if (loc && with_col_number) {
+        int col_offset;
+        if (t->col_offset == -1) {
+            col_offset = Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(p->tok->cur - p->tok->buf,
+                                          intptr_t, int);
+        } else {
+            col_offset = t->col_offset + 1;
+        }
+        col_number = byte_offset_to_character_offset(loc, col_offset);
     }
-    else {
+    else if (!loc) {
         Py_INCREF(Py_None);
         loc = Py_None;
     }
@@ -632,14 +597,6 @@
         type = PyTokenizer_Get(p->tok, &start, &end);
     }
 
-    if (type == ERRORTOKEN) {
-        if (p->tok->done == E_DECODE) {
-            return raise_decode_error(p);
-        }
-        else {
-            return tokenizer_error(p);
-        }
-    }
     if (type == ENDMARKER && p->start_rule == Py_single_input && p->parsing_started) {
         type = NEWLINE; /* Add an extra newline */
         p->parsing_started = 0;
@@ -700,6 +657,16 @@
     t->end_col_offset = p->tok->lineno == 1 ? p->starting_col_offset + end_col_offset : end_col_offset;
 
     p->fill += 1;
+
+    if (type == ERRORTOKEN) {
+        if (p->tok->done == E_DECODE) {
+            return raise_decode_error(p);
+        }
+        else {
+            return tokenizer_error(p);
+        }
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/Parser/pegen/pegen.h b/Parser/pegen/pegen.h
index 1620f92..cbe6f19 100644
--- a/Parser/pegen/pegen.h
+++ b/Parser/pegen/pegen.h
@@ -126,14 +126,15 @@
 expr_ty _PyPegen_number_token(Parser *p);
 void *_PyPegen_string_token(Parser *p);
 const char *_PyPegen_get_expr_name(expr_ty);
-void *_PyPegen_raise_error(Parser *p, PyObject *, const char *errmsg, ...);
+void *_PyPegen_raise_error(Parser *p, PyObject *errtype, int with_col_number, const char *errmsg, ...);
 void *_PyPegen_dummy_name(Parser *p, ...);
 
 #define UNUSED(expr) do { (void)(expr); } while (0)
 #define EXTRA_EXPR(head, tail) head->lineno, head->col_offset, tail->end_lineno, tail->end_col_offset, p->arena
 #define EXTRA start_lineno, start_col_offset, end_lineno, end_col_offset, p->arena
-#define RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR(msg, ...) _PyPegen_raise_error(p, PyExc_SyntaxError, msg, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define RAISE_INDENTATION_ERROR(msg, ...) _PyPegen_raise_error(p, PyExc_IndentationError, msg, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR(msg, ...) _PyPegen_raise_error(p, PyExc_SyntaxError, 1, msg, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define RAISE_INDENTATION_ERROR(msg, ...) _PyPegen_raise_error(p, PyExc_IndentationError, 1, msg, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR_NO_COL_OFFSET(msg, ...) _PyPegen_raise_error(p, PyExc_SyntaxError, 0, msg, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
 Py_LOCAL_INLINE(void *)
 CHECK_CALL(Parser *p, void *result)
@@ -190,8 +191,8 @@
     }
     if (p->feature_version < version) {
         p->error_indicator = 1;
-        return _PyPegen_raise_error(p, PyExc_SyntaxError, "%s only supported in Python 3.%i and greater",
-                                    msg, version);
+        return RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR("%s only supported in Python 3.%i and greater",
+                                  msg, version);
     }
     return node;
 }