Closes #10142: Support for SEEK_HOLE/SEEK_DATA
diff --git a/Lib/_pyio.py b/Lib/_pyio.py
index b684a9f..c06f4b8 100644
--- a/Lib/_pyio.py
+++ b/Lib/_pyio.py
@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@
 import io
 from io import (__all__, SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END)
 
+valid_seek_flags = {0, 1, 2}  # Hardwired values
+if hasattr(os, 'SEEK_HOLE') :
+    valid_seek_flags.add(os.SEEK_HOLE)
+    valid_seek_flags.add(os.SEEK_DATA)
+
 # open() uses st_blksize whenever we can
 DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE = 8 * 1024  # bytes
 
@@ -306,6 +311,7 @@
         * 0 -- start of stream (the default); offset should be zero or positive
         * 1 -- current stream position; offset may be negative
         * 2 -- end of stream; offset is usually negative
+        Some operating systems / file systems could provide additional values.
 
         Return an int indicating the new absolute position.
         """
@@ -866,7 +872,7 @@
         elif whence == 2:
             self._pos = max(0, len(self._buffer) + pos)
         else:
-            raise ValueError("invalid whence value")
+            raise ValueError("unsupported whence value")
         return self._pos
 
     def tell(self):
@@ -1041,7 +1047,7 @@
         return _BufferedIOMixin.tell(self) - len(self._read_buf) + self._read_pos
 
     def seek(self, pos, whence=0):
-        if not (0 <= whence <= 2):
+        if whence not in valid_seek_flags:
             raise ValueError("invalid whence value")
         with self._read_lock:
             if whence == 1:
@@ -1138,8 +1144,8 @@
         return _BufferedIOMixin.tell(self) + len(self._write_buf)
 
     def seek(self, pos, whence=0):
-        if not (0 <= whence <= 2):
-            raise ValueError("invalid whence")
+        if whence not in valid_seek_flags:
+            raise ValueError("invalid whence value")
         with self._write_lock:
             self._flush_unlocked()
             return _BufferedIOMixin.seek(self, pos, whence)
@@ -1235,8 +1241,8 @@
         BufferedWriter.__init__(self, raw, buffer_size, max_buffer_size)
 
     def seek(self, pos, whence=0):
-        if not (0 <= whence <= 2):
-            raise ValueError("invalid whence")
+        if whence not in valid_seek_flags:
+            raise ValueError("invalid whence value")
         self.flush()
         if self._read_buf:
             # Undo read ahead.
@@ -1852,8 +1858,7 @@
                 self._decoder.reset()
             return position
         if whence != 0:
-            raise ValueError("invalid whence (%r, should be 0, 1 or 2)" %
-                             (whence,))
+            raise ValueError("unsupported whence (%r)" % (whence,))
         if cookie < 0:
             raise ValueError("negative seek position %r" % (cookie,))
         self.flush()
diff --git a/Lib/os.py b/Lib/os.py
index 11e4d60..261a39e 100644
--- a/Lib/os.py
+++ b/Lib/os.py
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@
 
 # Python uses fixed values for the SEEK_ constants; they are mapped
 # to native constants if necessary in posixmodule.c
+# Other possible SEEK values are directly imported from posixmodule.c
 SEEK_SET = 0
 SEEK_CUR = 1
 SEEK_END = 2
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_io.py b/Lib/test/test_io.py
index 1951a06..54ba179 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_io.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_io.py
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@
         bufio = self.tp(rawio)
         # Invalid whence
         self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.seek, 0, -1)
-        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.seek, 0, 3)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bufio.seek, 0, 9)
 
     def test_override_destructor(self):
         tp = self.tp
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_posix.py b/Lib/test/test_posix.py
index 21473fc..ae46866 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_posix.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_posix.py
@@ -1015,6 +1015,26 @@
         posix.RTLD_GLOBAL
         posix.RTLD_LOCAL
 
+    @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(os, 'SEEK_HOLE'),
+                         "test needs an OS that reports file holes")
+    def test_fs_holes(self) :
+        # Even if the filesystem doesn't report holes,
+        # if the OS supports it the SEEK_* constants
+        # will be defined and will have a consistent
+        # behaviour:
+        # os.SEEK_DATA = current position
+        # os.SEEK_HOLE = end of file position
+        with open(support.TESTFN, 'r+b') as fp :
+            fp.write(b"hello")
+            fp.flush()
+            size = fp.tell()
+            fno = fp.fileno()
+            for i in range(size) :
+                self.assertEqual(i, os.lseek(fno, i, os.SEEK_DATA))
+                self.assertLessEqual(size, os.lseek(fno, i, os.SEEK_HOLE))
+            self.assertRaises(OSError, os.lseek, fno, size, os.SEEK_DATA)
+            self.assertRaises(OSError, os.lseek, fno, size, os.SEEK_HOLE)
+
 class PosixGroupsTester(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def setUp(self):