| """Guess the MIME type of a file. |
| |
| This module defines two useful functions: |
| |
| guess_type(url) -- guess the MIME type and encoding of a URL. |
| |
| guess_extension(type) -- guess the extension for a given MIME type. |
| |
| It also contains the following, for tuning the behavior: |
| |
| Data: |
| |
| knownfiles -- list of files to parse |
| inited -- flag set when init() has been called |
| suffix_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to suffixes |
| encodings_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to encodings |
| types_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to types |
| |
| Functions: |
| |
| init([files]) -- parse a list of files, default knownfiles |
| read_mime_types(file) -- parse one file, return a dictionary or None |
| |
| """ |
| |
| import os |
| import posixpath |
| import urllib |
| |
| __all__ = ["guess_type","guess_extension","read_mime_types","init"] |
| |
| knownfiles = [ |
| "/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types", |
| "/usr/local/lib/netscape/mime.types", |
| "/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types", # Apache 1.2 |
| "/usr/local/etc/mime.types", # Apache 1.3 |
| ] |
| |
| inited = 0 |
| |
| |
| class MimeTypes: |
| """MIME-types datastore. |
| |
| This datastore can handle information from mime.types-style files |
| and supports basic determination of MIME type from a filename or |
| URL, and can guess a reasonable extension given a MIME type. |
| """ |
| |
| def __init__(self, filenames=()): |
| if not inited: |
| init() |
| self.encodings_map = encodings_map.copy() |
| self.suffix_map = suffix_map.copy() |
| self.types_map = types_map.copy() |
| for name in filenames: |
| self.read(name) |
| |
| def guess_type(self, url): |
| """Guess the type of a file based on its URL. |
| |
| Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if |
| the type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string |
| of the form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type |
| header; and encoding is None for no encoding or the name of |
| the program used to encode (e.g. compress or gzip). The |
| mappings are table driven. Encoding suffixes are case |
| sensitive; type suffixes are first tried case sensitive, then |
| case insensitive. |
| |
| The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all |
| mapped to '.tar.gz'. (This is table-driven too, using the |
| dictionary suffix_map.) |
| """ |
| scheme, url = urllib.splittype(url) |
| if scheme == 'data': |
| # syntax of data URLs: |
| # dataurl := "data:" [ mediatype ] [ ";base64" ] "," data |
| # mediatype := [ type "/" subtype ] *( ";" parameter ) |
| # data := *urlchar |
| # parameter := attribute "=" value |
| # type/subtype defaults to "text/plain" |
| comma = url.find(',') |
| if comma < 0: |
| # bad data URL |
| return None, None |
| semi = url.find(';', 0, comma) |
| if semi >= 0: |
| type = url[:semi] |
| else: |
| type = url[:comma] |
| if '=' in type or '/' not in type: |
| type = 'text/plain' |
| return type, None # never compressed, so encoding is None |
| base, ext = posixpath.splitext(url) |
| while self.suffix_map.has_key(ext): |
| base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base + self.suffix_map[ext]) |
| if self.encodings_map.has_key(ext): |
| encoding = self.encodings_map[ext] |
| base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base) |
| else: |
| encoding = None |
| types_map = self.types_map |
| if types_map.has_key(ext): |
| return types_map[ext], encoding |
| elif types_map.has_key(ext.lower()): |
| return types_map[ext.lower()], encoding |
| else: |
| return None, encoding |
| |
| def guess_extension(self, type): |
| """Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type. |
| |
| Return value is a string giving a filename extension, |
| including the leading dot ('.'). The extension is not |
| guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data |
| stream, but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by |
| guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for `type', None |
| is returned. |
| """ |
| type = type.lower() |
| for ext, stype in self.types_map.items(): |
| if type == stype: |
| return ext |
| return None |
| |
| def read(self, filename): |
| """Read a single mime.types-format file, specified by pathname.""" |
| fp = open(filename) |
| self.readfp(fp) |
| fp.close() |
| |
| def readfp(self, fp): |
| """Read a single mime.types-format file.""" |
| map = self.types_map |
| while 1: |
| line = fp.readline() |
| if not line: |
| break |
| words = line.split() |
| for i in range(len(words)): |
| if words[i][0] == '#': |
| del words[i:] |
| break |
| if not words: |
| continue |
| type, suffixes = words[0], words[1:] |
| for suff in suffixes: |
| map['.' + suff] = type |
| |
| |
| def guess_type(url): |
| """Guess the type of a file based on its URL. |
| |
| Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if the |
| type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string of the |
| form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type header; and |
| encoding is None for no encoding or the name of the program used |
| to encode (e.g. compress or gzip). The mappings are table |
| driven. Encoding suffixes are case sensitive; type suffixes are |
| first tried case sensitive, then case insensitive. |
| |
| The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all mapped |
| to ".tar.gz". (This is table-driven too, using the dictionary |
| suffix_map). |
| """ |
| init() |
| return guess_type(url) |
| |
| |
| def guess_extension(type): |
| """Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type. |
| |
| Return value is a string giving a filename extension, including the |
| leading dot ('.'). The extension is not guaranteed to have been |
| associated with any particular data stream, but would be mapped to the |
| MIME type `type' by guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for |
| `type', None is returned. |
| """ |
| init() |
| return guess_extension(type) |
| |
| |
| def init(files=None): |
| global guess_extension, guess_type |
| global suffix_map, types_map, encodings_map |
| global inited |
| inited = 1 |
| db = MimeTypes() |
| if files is None: |
| files = knownfiles |
| for file in files: |
| if os.path.isfile(file): |
| db.readfp(open(file)) |
| encodings_map = db.encodings_map |
| suffix_map = db.suffix_map |
| types_map = db.types_map |
| guess_extension = db.guess_extension |
| guess_type = db.guess_type |
| |
| |
| def read_mime_types(file): |
| try: |
| f = open(file) |
| except IOError: |
| return None |
| db = MimeTypes() |
| db.readfp(f) |
| return db.types_map |
| |
| |
| suffix_map = { |
| '.tgz': '.tar.gz', |
| '.taz': '.tar.gz', |
| '.tz': '.tar.gz', |
| } |
| |
| encodings_map = { |
| '.gz': 'gzip', |
| '.Z': 'compress', |
| } |
| |
| types_map = { |
| '.a': 'application/octet-stream', |
| '.ai': 'application/postscript', |
| '.aif': 'audio/x-aiff', |
| '.aifc': 'audio/x-aiff', |
| '.aiff': 'audio/x-aiff', |
| '.au': 'audio/basic', |
| '.avi': 'video/x-msvideo', |
| '.bcpio': 'application/x-bcpio', |
| '.bin': 'application/octet-stream', |
| '.bmp': 'image/x-ms-bmp', |
| '.cdf': 'application/x-netcdf', |
| '.cpio': 'application/x-cpio', |
| '.csh': 'application/x-csh', |
| '.css': 'text/css', |
| '.dll': 'application/octet-stream', |
| '.doc': 'application/msword', |
| '.dvi': 'application/x-dvi', |
| '.exe': 'application/octet-stream', |
| '.eps': 'application/postscript', |
| '.etx': 'text/x-setext', |
| '.gif': 'image/gif', |
| '.gtar': 'application/x-gtar', |
| '.hdf': 'application/x-hdf', |
| '.htm': 'text/html', |
| '.html': 'text/html', |
| '.ief': 'image/ief', |
| '.jpe': 'image/jpeg', |
| '.jpeg': 'image/jpeg', |
| '.jpg': 'image/jpeg', |
| '.js': 'application/x-javascript', |
| '.latex': 'application/x-latex', |
| '.man': 'application/x-troff-man', |
| '.me': 'application/x-troff-me', |
| '.mid': 'audio/midi', |
| '.midi': 'audio/midi', |
| '.mif': 'application/x-mif', |
| '.mov': 'video/quicktime', |
| '.movie': 'video/x-sgi-movie', |
| '.mp2': 'audio/mpeg', |
| '.mp3': 'audio/mpeg', |
| '.mpe': 'video/mpeg', |
| '.mpeg': 'video/mpeg', |
| '.mpg': 'video/mpeg', |
| '.ms': 'application/x-troff-ms', |
| '.nc': 'application/x-netcdf', |
| '.o': 'application/octet-stream', |
| '.obj': 'application/octet-stream', |
| '.oda': 'application/oda', |
| '.pbm': 'image/x-portable-bitmap', |
| '.pdf': 'application/pdf', |
| '.pgm': 'image/x-portable-graymap', |
| '.pnm': 'image/x-portable-anymap', |
| '.png': 'image/png', |
| '.ppm': 'image/x-portable-pixmap', |
| '.ps': 'application/postscript', |
| '.py': 'text/x-python', |
| '.pyc': 'application/x-python-code', |
| '.pyo': 'application/x-python-code', |
| '.qt': 'video/quicktime', |
| '.ras': 'image/x-cmu-raster', |
| '.rgb': 'image/x-rgb', |
| '.rdf': 'application/xml', |
| '.roff': 'application/x-troff', |
| '.rtf': 'application/rtf', |
| '.rtx': 'text/richtext', |
| '.sgm': 'text/x-sgml', |
| '.sgml': 'text/x-sgml', |
| '.sh': 'application/x-sh', |
| '.shar': 'application/x-shar', |
| '.snd': 'audio/basic', |
| '.so': 'application/octet-stream', |
| '.src': 'application/x-wais-source', |
| '.sv4cpio': 'application/x-sv4cpio', |
| '.sv4crc': 'application/x-sv4crc', |
| '.t': 'application/x-troff', |
| '.tar': 'application/x-tar', |
| '.tcl': 'application/x-tcl', |
| '.tex': 'application/x-tex', |
| '.texi': 'application/x-texinfo', |
| '.texinfo': 'application/x-texinfo', |
| '.tif': 'image/tiff', |
| '.tiff': 'image/tiff', |
| '.tr': 'application/x-troff', |
| '.tsv': 'text/tab-separated-values', |
| '.txt': 'text/plain', |
| '.ustar': 'application/x-ustar', |
| '.wav': 'audio/x-wav', |
| '.xbm': 'image/x-xbitmap', |
| '.xls': 'application/excel', |
| '.xml': 'text/xml', |
| '.xsl': 'application/xml', |
| '.xpm': 'image/x-xpixmap', |
| '.xwd': 'image/x-xwindowdump', |
| '.zip': 'application/zip', |
| } |
| |
| if __name__ == '__main__': |
| import sys |
| print guess_type(sys.argv[1]) |