| # Module 'ntpath' -- common operations on WinNT/Win95 pathnames |
| """Common pathname manipulations, WindowsNT/95 version. |
| |
| Instead of importing this module directly, import os and refer to this |
| module as os.path. |
| """ |
| |
| import os |
| import sys |
| import stat |
| import genericpath |
| from genericpath import * |
| |
| __all__ = ["normcase","isabs","join","splitdrive","split","splitext", |
| "basename","dirname","commonprefix","getsize","getmtime", |
| "getatime","getctime", "islink","exists","lexists","isdir","isfile", |
| "ismount", "expanduser","expandvars","normpath","abspath", |
| "splitunc","curdir","pardir","sep","pathsep","defpath","altsep", |
| "extsep","devnull","realpath","supports_unicode_filenames","relpath", |
| "samefile", "sameopenfile", "samestat",] |
| |
| # strings representing various path-related bits and pieces |
| # These are primarily for export; internally, they are hardcoded. |
| curdir = '.' |
| pardir = '..' |
| extsep = '.' |
| sep = '\\' |
| pathsep = ';' |
| altsep = '/' |
| defpath = '.;C:\\bin' |
| if 'ce' in sys.builtin_module_names: |
| defpath = '\\Windows' |
| devnull = 'nul' |
| |
| def _get_empty(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| return b'' |
| else: |
| return '' |
| |
| def _get_sep(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| return b'\\' |
| else: |
| return '\\' |
| |
| def _get_altsep(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| return b'/' |
| else: |
| return '/' |
| |
| def _get_bothseps(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| return b'\\/' |
| else: |
| return '\\/' |
| |
| def _get_dot(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| return b'.' |
| else: |
| return '.' |
| |
| def _get_colon(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| return b':' |
| else: |
| return ':' |
| |
| def _get_special(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| return (b'\\\\.\\', b'\\\\?\\') |
| else: |
| return ('\\\\.\\', '\\\\?\\') |
| |
| # Normalize the case of a pathname and map slashes to backslashes. |
| # Other normalizations (such as optimizing '../' away) are not done |
| # (this is done by normpath). |
| |
| def normcase(s): |
| """Normalize case of pathname. |
| |
| Makes all characters lowercase and all slashes into backslashes.""" |
| if not isinstance(s, (bytes, str)): |
| raise TypeError("normcase() argument must be str or bytes, " |
| "not '{}'".format(s.__class__.__name__)) |
| return s.replace(_get_altsep(s), _get_sep(s)).lower() |
| |
| |
| # Return whether a path is absolute. |
| # Trivial in Posix, harder on Windows. |
| # For Windows it is absolute if it starts with a slash or backslash (current |
| # volume), or if a pathname after the volume-letter-and-colon or UNC-resource |
| # starts with a slash or backslash. |
| |
| def isabs(s): |
| """Test whether a path is absolute""" |
| s = splitdrive(s)[1] |
| return len(s) > 0 and s[:1] in _get_bothseps(s) |
| |
| |
| # Join two (or more) paths. |
| def join(path, *paths): |
| sep = _get_sep(path) |
| seps = _get_bothseps(path) |
| colon = _get_colon(path) |
| result_drive, result_path = splitdrive(path) |
| for p in paths: |
| p_drive, p_path = splitdrive(p) |
| if p_path and p_path[0] in seps: |
| # Second path is absolute |
| if p_drive or not result_drive: |
| result_drive = p_drive |
| result_path = p_path |
| continue |
| elif p_drive and p_drive != result_drive: |
| if p_drive.lower() != result_drive.lower(): |
| # Different drives => ignore the first path entirely |
| result_drive = p_drive |
| result_path = p_path |
| continue |
| # Same drive in different case |
| result_drive = p_drive |
| # Second path is relative to the first |
| if result_path and result_path[-1] not in seps: |
| result_path = result_path + sep |
| result_path = result_path + p_path |
| ## add separator between UNC and non-absolute path |
| if (result_path and result_path[0] not in seps and |
| result_drive and result_drive[-1:] != colon): |
| return result_drive + sep + result_path |
| return result_drive + result_path |
| |
| |
| # Split a path in a drive specification (a drive letter followed by a |
| # colon) and the path specification. |
| # It is always true that drivespec + pathspec == p |
| def splitdrive(p): |
| """Split a pathname into drive/UNC sharepoint and relative path specifiers. |
| Returns a 2-tuple (drive_or_unc, path); either part may be empty. |
| |
| If you assign |
| result = splitdrive(p) |
| It is always true that: |
| result[0] + result[1] == p |
| |
| If the path contained a drive letter, drive_or_unc will contain everything |
| up to and including the colon. e.g. splitdrive("c:/dir") returns ("c:", "/dir") |
| |
| If the path contained a UNC path, the drive_or_unc will contain the host name |
| and share up to but not including the fourth directory separator character. |
| e.g. splitdrive("//host/computer/dir") returns ("//host/computer", "/dir") |
| |
| Paths cannot contain both a drive letter and a UNC path. |
| |
| """ |
| empty = _get_empty(p) |
| if len(p) > 1: |
| sep = _get_sep(p) |
| normp = p.replace(_get_altsep(p), sep) |
| if (normp[0:2] == sep*2) and (normp[2:3] != sep): |
| # is a UNC path: |
| # vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv drive letter or UNC path |
| # \\machine\mountpoint\directory\etc\... |
| # directory ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
| index = normp.find(sep, 2) |
| if index == -1: |
| return empty, p |
| index2 = normp.find(sep, index + 1) |
| # a UNC path can't have two slashes in a row |
| # (after the initial two) |
| if index2 == index + 1: |
| return empty, p |
| if index2 == -1: |
| index2 = len(p) |
| return p[:index2], p[index2:] |
| if normp[1:2] == _get_colon(p): |
| return p[:2], p[2:] |
| return empty, p |
| |
| |
| # Parse UNC paths |
| def splitunc(p): |
| """Deprecated since Python 3.1. Please use splitdrive() instead; |
| it now handles UNC paths. |
| |
| Split a pathname into UNC mount point and relative path specifiers. |
| |
| Return a 2-tuple (unc, rest); either part may be empty. |
| If unc is not empty, it has the form '//host/mount' (or similar |
| using backslashes). unc+rest is always the input path. |
| Paths containing drive letters never have an UNC part. |
| """ |
| import warnings |
| warnings.warn("ntpath.splitunc is deprecated, use ntpath.splitdrive instead", |
| DeprecationWarning, 2) |
| drive, path = splitdrive(p) |
| if len(drive) == 2: |
| # Drive letter present |
| return p[:0], p |
| return drive, path |
| |
| |
| # Split a path in head (everything up to the last '/') and tail (the |
| # rest). After the trailing '/' is stripped, the invariant |
| # join(head, tail) == p holds. |
| # The resulting head won't end in '/' unless it is the root. |
| |
| def split(p): |
| """Split a pathname. |
| |
| Return tuple (head, tail) where tail is everything after the final slash. |
| Either part may be empty.""" |
| |
| seps = _get_bothseps(p) |
| d, p = splitdrive(p) |
| # set i to index beyond p's last slash |
| i = len(p) |
| while i and p[i-1] not in seps: |
| i -= 1 |
| head, tail = p[:i], p[i:] # now tail has no slashes |
| # remove trailing slashes from head, unless it's all slashes |
| head2 = head |
| while head2 and head2[-1:] in seps: |
| head2 = head2[:-1] |
| head = head2 or head |
| return d + head, tail |
| |
| |
| # Split a path in root and extension. |
| # The extension is everything starting at the last dot in the last |
| # pathname component; the root is everything before that. |
| # It is always true that root + ext == p. |
| |
| def splitext(p): |
| return genericpath._splitext(p, _get_sep(p), _get_altsep(p), |
| _get_dot(p)) |
| splitext.__doc__ = genericpath._splitext.__doc__ |
| |
| |
| # Return the tail (basename) part of a path. |
| |
| def basename(p): |
| """Returns the final component of a pathname""" |
| return split(p)[1] |
| |
| |
| # Return the head (dirname) part of a path. |
| |
| def dirname(p): |
| """Returns the directory component of a pathname""" |
| return split(p)[0] |
| |
| # Is a path a symbolic link? |
| # This will always return false on systems where os.lstat doesn't exist. |
| |
| def islink(path): |
| """Test whether a path is a symbolic link. |
| This will always return false for Windows prior to 6.0. |
| """ |
| try: |
| st = os.lstat(path) |
| except (OSError, AttributeError): |
| return False |
| return stat.S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) |
| |
| # Being true for dangling symbolic links is also useful. |
| |
| def lexists(path): |
| """Test whether a path exists. Returns True for broken symbolic links""" |
| try: |
| st = os.lstat(path) |
| except OSError: |
| return False |
| return True |
| |
| # Is a path a mount point? |
| # Any drive letter root (eg c:\) |
| # Any share UNC (eg \\server\share) |
| # Any volume mounted on a filesystem folder |
| # |
| # No one method detects all three situations. Historically we've lexically |
| # detected drive letter roots and share UNCs. The canonical approach to |
| # detecting mounted volumes (querying the reparse tag) fails for the most |
| # common case: drive letter roots. The alternative which uses GetVolumePathName |
| # fails if the drive letter is the result of a SUBST. |
| try: |
| from nt import _getvolumepathname |
| except ImportError: |
| _getvolumepathname = None |
| def ismount(path): |
| """Test whether a path is a mount point (a drive root, the root of a |
| share, or a mounted volume)""" |
| seps = _get_bothseps(path) |
| path = abspath(path) |
| root, rest = splitdrive(path) |
| if root and root[0] in seps: |
| return (not rest) or (rest in seps) |
| if rest in seps: |
| return True |
| |
| if _getvolumepathname: |
| return path.rstrip(seps) == _getvolumepathname(path).rstrip(seps) |
| else: |
| return False |
| |
| |
| # Expand paths beginning with '~' or '~user'. |
| # '~' means $HOME; '~user' means that user's home directory. |
| # If the path doesn't begin with '~', or if the user or $HOME is unknown, |
| # the path is returned unchanged (leaving error reporting to whatever |
| # function is called with the expanded path as argument). |
| # See also module 'glob' for expansion of *, ? and [...] in pathnames. |
| # (A function should also be defined to do full *sh-style environment |
| # variable expansion.) |
| |
| def expanduser(path): |
| """Expand ~ and ~user constructs. |
| |
| If user or $HOME is unknown, do nothing.""" |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| tilde = b'~' |
| else: |
| tilde = '~' |
| if not path.startswith(tilde): |
| return path |
| i, n = 1, len(path) |
| while i < n and path[i] not in _get_bothseps(path): |
| i += 1 |
| |
| if 'HOME' in os.environ: |
| userhome = os.environ['HOME'] |
| elif 'USERPROFILE' in os.environ: |
| userhome = os.environ['USERPROFILE'] |
| elif not 'HOMEPATH' in os.environ: |
| return path |
| else: |
| try: |
| drive = os.environ['HOMEDRIVE'] |
| except KeyError: |
| drive = '' |
| userhome = join(drive, os.environ['HOMEPATH']) |
| |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| userhome = userhome.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()) |
| |
| if i != 1: #~user |
| userhome = join(dirname(userhome), path[1:i]) |
| |
| return userhome + path[i:] |
| |
| |
| # Expand paths containing shell variable substitutions. |
| # The following rules apply: |
| # - no expansion within single quotes |
| # - '$$' is translated into '$' |
| # - '%%' is translated into '%' if '%%' are not seen in %var1%%var2% |
| # - ${varname} is accepted. |
| # - $varname is accepted. |
| # - %varname% is accepted. |
| # - varnames can be made out of letters, digits and the characters '_-' |
| # (though is not verified in the ${varname} and %varname% cases) |
| # XXX With COMMAND.COM you can use any characters in a variable name, |
| # XXX except '^|<>='. |
| |
| def expandvars(path): |
| """Expand shell variables of the forms $var, ${var} and %var%. |
| |
| Unknown variables are left unchanged.""" |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| if ord('$') not in path and ord('%') not in path: |
| return path |
| import string |
| varchars = bytes(string.ascii_letters + string.digits + '_-', 'ascii') |
| quote = b'\'' |
| percent = b'%' |
| brace = b'{' |
| dollar = b'$' |
| environ = getattr(os, 'environb', None) |
| else: |
| if '$' not in path and '%' not in path: |
| return path |
| import string |
| varchars = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + '_-' |
| quote = '\'' |
| percent = '%' |
| brace = '{' |
| dollar = '$' |
| environ = os.environ |
| res = path[:0] |
| index = 0 |
| pathlen = len(path) |
| while index < pathlen: |
| c = path[index:index+1] |
| if c == quote: # no expansion within single quotes |
| path = path[index + 1:] |
| pathlen = len(path) |
| try: |
| index = path.index(c) |
| res += c + path[:index + 1] |
| except ValueError: |
| res += path |
| index = pathlen - 1 |
| elif c == percent: # variable or '%' |
| if path[index + 1:index + 2] == percent: |
| res += c |
| index += 1 |
| else: |
| path = path[index+1:] |
| pathlen = len(path) |
| try: |
| index = path.index(percent) |
| except ValueError: |
| res += percent + path |
| index = pathlen - 1 |
| else: |
| var = path[:index] |
| try: |
| if environ is None: |
| value = os.fsencode(os.environ[os.fsdecode(var)]) |
| else: |
| value = environ[var] |
| except KeyError: |
| value = percent + var + percent |
| res += value |
| elif c == dollar: # variable or '$$' |
| if path[index + 1:index + 2] == dollar: |
| res += c |
| index += 1 |
| elif path[index + 1:index + 2] == brace: |
| path = path[index+2:] |
| pathlen = len(path) |
| try: |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| index = path.index(b'}') |
| else: |
| index = path.index('}') |
| except ValueError: |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| res += b'${' + path |
| else: |
| res += '${' + path |
| index = pathlen - 1 |
| else: |
| var = path[:index] |
| try: |
| if environ is None: |
| value = os.fsencode(os.environ[os.fsdecode(var)]) |
| else: |
| value = environ[var] |
| except KeyError: |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| value = b'${' + var + b'}' |
| else: |
| value = '${' + var + '}' |
| res += value |
| else: |
| var = path[:0] |
| index += 1 |
| c = path[index:index + 1] |
| while c and c in varchars: |
| var += c |
| index += 1 |
| c = path[index:index + 1] |
| try: |
| if environ is None: |
| value = os.fsencode(os.environ[os.fsdecode(var)]) |
| else: |
| value = environ[var] |
| except KeyError: |
| value = dollar + var |
| res += value |
| if c: |
| index -= 1 |
| else: |
| res += c |
| index += 1 |
| return res |
| |
| |
| # Normalize a path, e.g. A//B, A/./B and A/foo/../B all become A\B. |
| # Previously, this function also truncated pathnames to 8+3 format, |
| # but as this module is called "ntpath", that's obviously wrong! |
| |
| def normpath(path): |
| """Normalize path, eliminating double slashes, etc.""" |
| sep = _get_sep(path) |
| dotdot = _get_dot(path) * 2 |
| special_prefixes = _get_special(path) |
| if path.startswith(special_prefixes): |
| # in the case of paths with these prefixes: |
| # \\.\ -> device names |
| # \\?\ -> literal paths |
| # do not do any normalization, but return the path unchanged |
| return path |
| path = path.replace(_get_altsep(path), sep) |
| prefix, path = splitdrive(path) |
| |
| # collapse initial backslashes |
| if path.startswith(sep): |
| prefix += sep |
| path = path.lstrip(sep) |
| |
| comps = path.split(sep) |
| i = 0 |
| while i < len(comps): |
| if not comps[i] or comps[i] == _get_dot(path): |
| del comps[i] |
| elif comps[i] == dotdot: |
| if i > 0 and comps[i-1] != dotdot: |
| del comps[i-1:i+1] |
| i -= 1 |
| elif i == 0 and prefix.endswith(_get_sep(path)): |
| del comps[i] |
| else: |
| i += 1 |
| else: |
| i += 1 |
| # If the path is now empty, substitute '.' |
| if not prefix and not comps: |
| comps.append(_get_dot(path)) |
| return prefix + sep.join(comps) |
| |
| |
| # Return an absolute path. |
| try: |
| from nt import _getfullpathname |
| |
| except ImportError: # not running on Windows - mock up something sensible |
| def abspath(path): |
| """Return the absolute version of a path.""" |
| if not isabs(path): |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| cwd = os.getcwdb() |
| else: |
| cwd = os.getcwd() |
| path = join(cwd, path) |
| return normpath(path) |
| |
| else: # use native Windows method on Windows |
| def abspath(path): |
| """Return the absolute version of a path.""" |
| |
| if path: # Empty path must return current working directory. |
| try: |
| path = _getfullpathname(path) |
| except OSError: |
| pass # Bad path - return unchanged. |
| elif isinstance(path, bytes): |
| path = os.getcwdb() |
| else: |
| path = os.getcwd() |
| return normpath(path) |
| |
| # realpath is a no-op on systems without islink support |
| realpath = abspath |
| # Win9x family and earlier have no Unicode filename support. |
| supports_unicode_filenames = (hasattr(sys, "getwindowsversion") and |
| sys.getwindowsversion()[3] >= 2) |
| |
| def relpath(path, start=curdir): |
| """Return a relative version of a path""" |
| sep = _get_sep(path) |
| |
| if start is curdir: |
| start = _get_dot(path) |
| |
| if not path: |
| raise ValueError("no path specified") |
| |
| start_abs = abspath(normpath(start)) |
| path_abs = abspath(normpath(path)) |
| start_drive, start_rest = splitdrive(start_abs) |
| path_drive, path_rest = splitdrive(path_abs) |
| if normcase(start_drive) != normcase(path_drive): |
| error = "path is on mount '{0}', start on mount '{1}'".format( |
| path_drive, start_drive) |
| raise ValueError(error) |
| |
| start_list = [x for x in start_rest.split(sep) if x] |
| path_list = [x for x in path_rest.split(sep) if x] |
| # Work out how much of the filepath is shared by start and path. |
| i = 0 |
| for e1, e2 in zip(start_list, path_list): |
| if normcase(e1) != normcase(e2): |
| break |
| i += 1 |
| |
| if isinstance(path, bytes): |
| pardir = b'..' |
| else: |
| pardir = '..' |
| rel_list = [pardir] * (len(start_list)-i) + path_list[i:] |
| if not rel_list: |
| return _get_dot(path) |
| return join(*rel_list) |
| |
| |
| # determine if two files are in fact the same file |
| try: |
| # GetFinalPathNameByHandle is available starting with Windows 6.0. |
| # Windows XP and non-Windows OS'es will mock _getfinalpathname. |
| if sys.getwindowsversion()[:2] >= (6, 0): |
| from nt import _getfinalpathname |
| else: |
| raise ImportError |
| except (AttributeError, ImportError): |
| # On Windows XP and earlier, two files are the same if their absolute |
| # pathnames are the same. |
| # Non-Windows operating systems fake this method with an XP |
| # approximation. |
| def _getfinalpathname(f): |
| return normcase(abspath(f)) |
| |
| |
| try: |
| # The genericpath.isdir implementation uses os.stat and checks the mode |
| # attribute to tell whether or not the path is a directory. |
| # This is overkill on Windows - just pass the path to GetFileAttributes |
| # and check the attribute from there. |
| from nt import _isdir as isdir |
| except ImportError: |
| # Use genericpath.isdir as imported above. |
| pass |