| """Locale support module. | 
 |  | 
 | The module provides low-level access to the C lib's locale APIs and adds high | 
 | level number formatting APIs as well as a locale aliasing engine to complement | 
 | these. | 
 |  | 
 | The aliasing engine includes support for many commonly used locale names and | 
 | maps them to values suitable for passing to the C lib's setlocale() function. It | 
 | also includes default encodings for all supported locale names. | 
 |  | 
 | """ | 
 |  | 
 | import sys | 
 | import encodings | 
 | import encodings.aliases | 
 | import re | 
 | import collections.abc | 
 | from builtins import str as _builtin_str | 
 | import functools | 
 | import warnings | 
 |  | 
 | # Try importing the _locale module. | 
 | # | 
 | # If this fails, fall back on a basic 'C' locale emulation. | 
 |  | 
 | # Yuck:  LC_MESSAGES is non-standard:  can't tell whether it exists before | 
 | # trying the import.  So __all__ is also fiddled at the end of the file. | 
 | __all__ = ["getlocale", "getdefaultlocale", "getpreferredencoding", "Error", | 
 |            "setlocale", "resetlocale", "localeconv", "strcoll", "strxfrm", | 
 |            "str", "atof", "atoi", "format", "format_string", "currency", | 
 |            "normalize", "LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_TIME", "LC_MONETARY", | 
 |            "LC_NUMERIC", "LC_ALL", "CHAR_MAX"] | 
 |  | 
 | def _strcoll(a,b): | 
 |     """ strcoll(string,string) -> int. | 
 |         Compares two strings according to the locale. | 
 |     """ | 
 |     return (a > b) - (a < b) | 
 |  | 
 | def _strxfrm(s): | 
 |     """ strxfrm(string) -> string. | 
 |         Returns a string that behaves for cmp locale-aware. | 
 |     """ | 
 |     return s | 
 |  | 
 | try: | 
 |  | 
 |     from _locale import * | 
 |  | 
 | except ImportError: | 
 |  | 
 |     # Locale emulation | 
 |  | 
 |     CHAR_MAX = 127 | 
 |     LC_ALL = 6 | 
 |     LC_COLLATE = 3 | 
 |     LC_CTYPE = 0 | 
 |     LC_MESSAGES = 5 | 
 |     LC_MONETARY = 4 | 
 |     LC_NUMERIC = 1 | 
 |     LC_TIME = 2 | 
 |     Error = ValueError | 
 |  | 
 |     def localeconv(): | 
 |         """ localeconv() -> dict. | 
 |             Returns numeric and monetary locale-specific parameters. | 
 |         """ | 
 |         # 'C' locale default values | 
 |         return {'grouping': [127], | 
 |                 'currency_symbol': '', | 
 |                 'n_sign_posn': 127, | 
 |                 'p_cs_precedes': 127, | 
 |                 'n_cs_precedes': 127, | 
 |                 'mon_grouping': [], | 
 |                 'n_sep_by_space': 127, | 
 |                 'decimal_point': '.', | 
 |                 'negative_sign': '', | 
 |                 'positive_sign': '', | 
 |                 'p_sep_by_space': 127, | 
 |                 'int_curr_symbol': '', | 
 |                 'p_sign_posn': 127, | 
 |                 'thousands_sep': '', | 
 |                 'mon_thousands_sep': '', | 
 |                 'frac_digits': 127, | 
 |                 'mon_decimal_point': '', | 
 |                 'int_frac_digits': 127} | 
 |  | 
 |     def setlocale(category, value=None): | 
 |         """ setlocale(integer,string=None) -> string. | 
 |             Activates/queries locale processing. | 
 |         """ | 
 |         if value not in (None, '', 'C'): | 
 |             raise Error('_locale emulation only supports "C" locale') | 
 |         return 'C' | 
 |  | 
 | # These may or may not exist in _locale, so be sure to set them. | 
 | if 'strxfrm' not in globals(): | 
 |     strxfrm = _strxfrm | 
 | if 'strcoll' not in globals(): | 
 |     strcoll = _strcoll | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | _localeconv = localeconv | 
 |  | 
 | # With this dict, you can override some items of localeconv's return value. | 
 | # This is useful for testing purposes. | 
 | _override_localeconv = {} | 
 |  | 
 | @functools.wraps(_localeconv) | 
 | def localeconv(): | 
 |     d = _localeconv() | 
 |     if _override_localeconv: | 
 |         d.update(_override_localeconv) | 
 |     return d | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | ### Number formatting APIs | 
 |  | 
 | # Author: Martin von Loewis | 
 | # improved by Georg Brandl | 
 |  | 
 | # Iterate over grouping intervals | 
 | def _grouping_intervals(grouping): | 
 |     last_interval = None | 
 |     for interval in grouping: | 
 |         # if grouping is -1, we are done | 
 |         if interval == CHAR_MAX: | 
 |             return | 
 |         # 0: re-use last group ad infinitum | 
 |         if interval == 0: | 
 |             if last_interval is None: | 
 |                 raise ValueError("invalid grouping") | 
 |             while True: | 
 |                 yield last_interval | 
 |         yield interval | 
 |         last_interval = interval | 
 |  | 
 | #perform the grouping from right to left | 
 | def _group(s, monetary=False): | 
 |     conv = localeconv() | 
 |     thousands_sep = conv[monetary and 'mon_thousands_sep' or 'thousands_sep'] | 
 |     grouping = conv[monetary and 'mon_grouping' or 'grouping'] | 
 |     if not grouping: | 
 |         return (s, 0) | 
 |     if s[-1] == ' ': | 
 |         stripped = s.rstrip() | 
 |         right_spaces = s[len(stripped):] | 
 |         s = stripped | 
 |     else: | 
 |         right_spaces = '' | 
 |     left_spaces = '' | 
 |     groups = [] | 
 |     for interval in _grouping_intervals(grouping): | 
 |         if not s or s[-1] not in "0123456789": | 
 |             # only non-digit characters remain (sign, spaces) | 
 |             left_spaces = s | 
 |             s = '' | 
 |             break | 
 |         groups.append(s[-interval:]) | 
 |         s = s[:-interval] | 
 |     if s: | 
 |         groups.append(s) | 
 |     groups.reverse() | 
 |     return ( | 
 |         left_spaces + thousands_sep.join(groups) + right_spaces, | 
 |         len(thousands_sep) * (len(groups) - 1) | 
 |     ) | 
 |  | 
 | # Strip a given amount of excess padding from the given string | 
 | def _strip_padding(s, amount): | 
 |     lpos = 0 | 
 |     while amount and s[lpos] == ' ': | 
 |         lpos += 1 | 
 |         amount -= 1 | 
 |     rpos = len(s) - 1 | 
 |     while amount and s[rpos] == ' ': | 
 |         rpos -= 1 | 
 |         amount -= 1 | 
 |     return s[lpos:rpos+1] | 
 |  | 
 | _percent_re = re.compile(r'%(?:\((?P<key>.*?)\))?' | 
 |                          r'(?P<modifiers>[-#0-9 +*.hlL]*?)[eEfFgGdiouxXcrs%]') | 
 |  | 
 | def _format(percent, value, grouping=False, monetary=False, *additional): | 
 |     if additional: | 
 |         formatted = percent % ((value,) + additional) | 
 |     else: | 
 |         formatted = percent % value | 
 |     # floats and decimal ints need special action! | 
 |     if percent[-1] in 'eEfFgG': | 
 |         seps = 0 | 
 |         parts = formatted.split('.') | 
 |         if grouping: | 
 |             parts[0], seps = _group(parts[0], monetary=monetary) | 
 |         decimal_point = localeconv()[monetary and 'mon_decimal_point' | 
 |                                               or 'decimal_point'] | 
 |         formatted = decimal_point.join(parts) | 
 |         if seps: | 
 |             formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps) | 
 |     elif percent[-1] in 'diu': | 
 |         seps = 0 | 
 |         if grouping: | 
 |             formatted, seps = _group(formatted, monetary=monetary) | 
 |         if seps: | 
 |             formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps) | 
 |     return formatted | 
 |  | 
 | def format_string(f, val, grouping=False, monetary=False): | 
 |     """Formats a string in the same way that the % formatting would use, | 
 |     but takes the current locale into account. | 
 |  | 
 |     Grouping is applied if the third parameter is true. | 
 |     Conversion uses monetary thousands separator and grouping strings if | 
 |     forth parameter monetary is true.""" | 
 |     percents = list(_percent_re.finditer(f)) | 
 |     new_f = _percent_re.sub('%s', f) | 
 |  | 
 |     if isinstance(val, collections.abc.Mapping): | 
 |         new_val = [] | 
 |         for perc in percents: | 
 |             if perc.group()[-1]=='%': | 
 |                 new_val.append('%') | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 new_val.append(_format(perc.group(), val, grouping, monetary)) | 
 |     else: | 
 |         if not isinstance(val, tuple): | 
 |             val = (val,) | 
 |         new_val = [] | 
 |         i = 0 | 
 |         for perc in percents: | 
 |             if perc.group()[-1]=='%': | 
 |                 new_val.append('%') | 
 |             else: | 
 |                 starcount = perc.group('modifiers').count('*') | 
 |                 new_val.append(_format(perc.group(), | 
 |                                       val[i], | 
 |                                       grouping, | 
 |                                       monetary, | 
 |                                       *val[i+1:i+1+starcount])) | 
 |                 i += (1 + starcount) | 
 |     val = tuple(new_val) | 
 |  | 
 |     return new_f % val | 
 |  | 
 | def format(percent, value, grouping=False, monetary=False, *additional): | 
 |     """Deprecated, use format_string instead.""" | 
 |     warnings.warn( | 
 |         "This method will be removed in a future version of Python. " | 
 |         "Use 'locale.format_string()' instead.", | 
 |         DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2 | 
 |     ) | 
 |  | 
 |     match = _percent_re.match(percent) | 
 |     if not match or len(match.group())!= len(percent): | 
 |         raise ValueError(("format() must be given exactly one %%char " | 
 |                          "format specifier, %s not valid") % repr(percent)) | 
 |     return _format(percent, value, grouping, monetary, *additional) | 
 |  | 
 | def currency(val, symbol=True, grouping=False, international=False): | 
 |     """Formats val according to the currency settings | 
 |     in the current locale.""" | 
 |     conv = localeconv() | 
 |  | 
 |     # check for illegal values | 
 |     digits = conv[international and 'int_frac_digits' or 'frac_digits'] | 
 |     if digits == 127: | 
 |         raise ValueError("Currency formatting is not possible using " | 
 |                          "the 'C' locale.") | 
 |  | 
 |     s = _format('%%.%if' % digits, abs(val), grouping, monetary=True) | 
 |     # '<' and '>' are markers if the sign must be inserted between symbol and value | 
 |     s = '<' + s + '>' | 
 |  | 
 |     if symbol: | 
 |         smb = conv[international and 'int_curr_symbol' or 'currency_symbol'] | 
 |         precedes = conv[val<0 and 'n_cs_precedes' or 'p_cs_precedes'] | 
 |         separated = conv[val<0 and 'n_sep_by_space' or 'p_sep_by_space'] | 
 |  | 
 |         if precedes: | 
 |             s = smb + (separated and ' ' or '') + s | 
 |         else: | 
 |             s = s + (separated and ' ' or '') + smb | 
 |  | 
 |     sign_pos = conv[val<0 and 'n_sign_posn' or 'p_sign_posn'] | 
 |     sign = conv[val<0 and 'negative_sign' or 'positive_sign'] | 
 |  | 
 |     if sign_pos == 0: | 
 |         s = '(' + s + ')' | 
 |     elif sign_pos == 1: | 
 |         s = sign + s | 
 |     elif sign_pos == 2: | 
 |         s = s + sign | 
 |     elif sign_pos == 3: | 
 |         s = s.replace('<', sign) | 
 |     elif sign_pos == 4: | 
 |         s = s.replace('>', sign) | 
 |     else: | 
 |         # the default if nothing specified; | 
 |         # this should be the most fitting sign position | 
 |         s = sign + s | 
 |  | 
 |     return s.replace('<', '').replace('>', '') | 
 |  | 
 | def str(val): | 
 |     """Convert float to string, taking the locale into account.""" | 
 |     return _format("%.12g", val) | 
 |  | 
 | def delocalize(string): | 
 |     "Parses a string as a normalized number according to the locale settings." | 
 |  | 
 |     conv = localeconv() | 
 |  | 
 |     #First, get rid of the grouping | 
 |     ts = conv['thousands_sep'] | 
 |     if ts: | 
 |         string = string.replace(ts, '') | 
 |  | 
 |     #next, replace the decimal point with a dot | 
 |     dd = conv['decimal_point'] | 
 |     if dd: | 
 |         string = string.replace(dd, '.') | 
 |     return string | 
 |  | 
 | def atof(string, func=float): | 
 |     "Parses a string as a float according to the locale settings." | 
 |     return func(delocalize(string)) | 
 |  | 
 | def atoi(string): | 
 |     "Converts a string to an integer according to the locale settings." | 
 |     return int(delocalize(string)) | 
 |  | 
 | def _test(): | 
 |     setlocale(LC_ALL, "") | 
 |     #do grouping | 
 |     s1 = format_string("%d", 123456789,1) | 
 |     print(s1, "is", atoi(s1)) | 
 |     #standard formatting | 
 |     s1 = str(3.14) | 
 |     print(s1, "is", atof(s1)) | 
 |  | 
 | ### Locale name aliasing engine | 
 |  | 
 | # Author: Marc-Andre Lemburg, mal@lemburg.com | 
 | # Various tweaks by Fredrik Lundh <fredrik@pythonware.com> | 
 |  | 
 | # store away the low-level version of setlocale (it's | 
 | # overridden below) | 
 | _setlocale = setlocale | 
 |  | 
 | def _replace_encoding(code, encoding): | 
 |     if '.' in code: | 
 |         langname = code[:code.index('.')] | 
 |     else: | 
 |         langname = code | 
 |     # Convert the encoding to a C lib compatible encoding string | 
 |     norm_encoding = encodings.normalize_encoding(encoding) | 
 |     #print('norm encoding: %r' % norm_encoding) | 
 |     norm_encoding = encodings.aliases.aliases.get(norm_encoding.lower(), | 
 |                                                   norm_encoding) | 
 |     #print('aliased encoding: %r' % norm_encoding) | 
 |     encoding = norm_encoding | 
 |     norm_encoding = norm_encoding.lower() | 
 |     if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias: | 
 |         encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding] | 
 |     else: | 
 |         norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '') | 
 |         norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('-', '') | 
 |         if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias: | 
 |             encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding] | 
 |     #print('found encoding %r' % encoding) | 
 |     return langname + '.' + encoding | 
 |  | 
 | def _append_modifier(code, modifier): | 
 |     if modifier == 'euro': | 
 |         if '.' not in code: | 
 |             return code + '.ISO8859-15' | 
 |         _, _, encoding = code.partition('.') | 
 |         if encoding in ('ISO8859-15', 'UTF-8'): | 
 |             return code | 
 |         if encoding == 'ISO8859-1': | 
 |             return _replace_encoding(code, 'ISO8859-15') | 
 |     return code + '@' + modifier | 
 |  | 
 | def normalize(localename): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Returns a normalized locale code for the given locale | 
 |         name. | 
 |  | 
 |         The returned locale code is formatted for use with | 
 |         setlocale(). | 
 |  | 
 |         If normalization fails, the original name is returned | 
 |         unchanged. | 
 |  | 
 |         If the given encoding is not known, the function defaults to | 
 |         the default encoding for the locale code just like setlocale() | 
 |         does. | 
 |  | 
 |     """ | 
 |     # Normalize the locale name and extract the encoding and modifier | 
 |     code = localename.lower() | 
 |     if ':' in code: | 
 |         # ':' is sometimes used as encoding delimiter. | 
 |         code = code.replace(':', '.') | 
 |     if '@' in code: | 
 |         code, modifier = code.split('@', 1) | 
 |     else: | 
 |         modifier = '' | 
 |     if '.' in code: | 
 |         langname, encoding = code.split('.')[:2] | 
 |     else: | 
 |         langname = code | 
 |         encoding = '' | 
 |  | 
 |     # First lookup: fullname (possibly with encoding and modifier) | 
 |     lang_enc = langname | 
 |     if encoding: | 
 |         norm_encoding = encoding.replace('-', '') | 
 |         norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '') | 
 |         lang_enc += '.' + norm_encoding | 
 |     lookup_name = lang_enc | 
 |     if modifier: | 
 |         lookup_name += '@' + modifier | 
 |     code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None) | 
 |     if code is not None: | 
 |         return code | 
 |     #print('first lookup failed') | 
 |  | 
 |     if modifier: | 
 |         # Second try: fullname without modifier (possibly with encoding) | 
 |         code = locale_alias.get(lang_enc, None) | 
 |         if code is not None: | 
 |             #print('lookup without modifier succeeded') | 
 |             if '@' not in code: | 
 |                 return _append_modifier(code, modifier) | 
 |             if code.split('@', 1)[1].lower() == modifier: | 
 |                 return code | 
 |         #print('second lookup failed') | 
 |  | 
 |     if encoding: | 
 |         # Third try: langname (without encoding, possibly with modifier) | 
 |         lookup_name = langname | 
 |         if modifier: | 
 |             lookup_name += '@' + modifier | 
 |         code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None) | 
 |         if code is not None: | 
 |             #print('lookup without encoding succeeded') | 
 |             if '@' not in code: | 
 |                 return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) | 
 |             code, modifier = code.split('@', 1) | 
 |             return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + modifier | 
 |  | 
 |         if modifier: | 
 |             # Fourth try: langname (without encoding and modifier) | 
 |             code = locale_alias.get(langname, None) | 
 |             if code is not None: | 
 |                 #print('lookup without modifier and encoding succeeded') | 
 |                 if '@' not in code: | 
 |                     code = _replace_encoding(code, encoding) | 
 |                     return _append_modifier(code, modifier) | 
 |                 code, defmod = code.split('@', 1) | 
 |                 if defmod.lower() == modifier: | 
 |                     return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + defmod | 
 |  | 
 |     return localename | 
 |  | 
 | def _parse_localename(localename): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Parses the locale code for localename and returns the | 
 |         result as tuple (language code, encoding). | 
 |  | 
 |         The localename is normalized and passed through the locale | 
 |         alias engine. A ValueError is raised in case the locale name | 
 |         cannot be parsed. | 
 |  | 
 |         The language code corresponds to RFC 1766.  code and encoding | 
 |         can be None in case the values cannot be determined or are | 
 |         unknown to this implementation. | 
 |  | 
 |     """ | 
 |     code = normalize(localename) | 
 |     if '@' in code: | 
 |         # Deal with locale modifiers | 
 |         code, modifier = code.split('@', 1) | 
 |         if modifier == 'euro' and '.' not in code: | 
 |             # Assume Latin-9 for @euro locales. This is bogus, | 
 |             # since some systems may use other encodings for these | 
 |             # locales. Also, we ignore other modifiers. | 
 |             return code, 'iso-8859-15' | 
 |  | 
 |     if '.' in code: | 
 |         return tuple(code.split('.')[:2]) | 
 |     elif code == 'C': | 
 |         return None, None | 
 |     raise ValueError('unknown locale: %s' % localename) | 
 |  | 
 | def _build_localename(localetuple): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Builds a locale code from the given tuple (language code, | 
 |         encoding). | 
 |  | 
 |         No aliasing or normalizing takes place. | 
 |  | 
 |     """ | 
 |     try: | 
 |         language, encoding = localetuple | 
 |  | 
 |         if language is None: | 
 |             language = 'C' | 
 |         if encoding is None: | 
 |             return language | 
 |         else: | 
 |             return language + '.' + encoding | 
 |     except (TypeError, ValueError): | 
 |         raise TypeError('Locale must be None, a string, or an iterable of ' | 
 |                         'two strings -- language code, encoding.') from None | 
 |  | 
 | def getdefaultlocale(envvars=('LC_ALL', 'LC_CTYPE', 'LANG', 'LANGUAGE')): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Tries to determine the default locale settings and returns | 
 |         them as tuple (language code, encoding). | 
 |  | 
 |         According to POSIX, a program which has not called | 
 |         setlocale(LC_ALL, "") runs using the portable 'C' locale. | 
 |         Calling setlocale(LC_ALL, "") lets it use the default locale as | 
 |         defined by the LANG variable. Since we don't want to interfere | 
 |         with the current locale setting we thus emulate the behavior | 
 |         in the way described above. | 
 |  | 
 |         To maintain compatibility with other platforms, not only the | 
 |         LANG variable is tested, but a list of variables given as | 
 |         envvars parameter. The first found to be defined will be | 
 |         used. envvars defaults to the search path used in GNU gettext; | 
 |         it must always contain the variable name 'LANG'. | 
 |  | 
 |         Except for the code 'C', the language code corresponds to RFC | 
 |         1766.  code and encoding can be None in case the values cannot | 
 |         be determined. | 
 |  | 
 |     """ | 
 |  | 
 |     try: | 
 |         # check if it's supported by the _locale module | 
 |         import _locale | 
 |         code, encoding = _locale._getdefaultlocale() | 
 |     except (ImportError, AttributeError): | 
 |         pass | 
 |     else: | 
 |         # make sure the code/encoding values are valid | 
 |         if sys.platform == "win32" and code and code[:2] == "0x": | 
 |             # map windows language identifier to language name | 
 |             code = windows_locale.get(int(code, 0)) | 
 |         # ...add other platform-specific processing here, if | 
 |         # necessary... | 
 |         return code, encoding | 
 |  | 
 |     # fall back on POSIX behaviour | 
 |     import os | 
 |     lookup = os.environ.get | 
 |     for variable in envvars: | 
 |         localename = lookup(variable,None) | 
 |         if localename: | 
 |             if variable == 'LANGUAGE': | 
 |                 localename = localename.split(':')[0] | 
 |             break | 
 |     else: | 
 |         localename = 'C' | 
 |     return _parse_localename(localename) | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | def getlocale(category=LC_CTYPE): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Returns the current setting for the given locale category as | 
 |         tuple (language code, encoding). | 
 |  | 
 |         category may be one of the LC_* value except LC_ALL. It | 
 |         defaults to LC_CTYPE. | 
 |  | 
 |         Except for the code 'C', the language code corresponds to RFC | 
 |         1766.  code and encoding can be None in case the values cannot | 
 |         be determined. | 
 |  | 
 |     """ | 
 |     localename = _setlocale(category) | 
 |     if category == LC_ALL and ';' in localename: | 
 |         raise TypeError('category LC_ALL is not supported') | 
 |     return _parse_localename(localename) | 
 |  | 
 | def setlocale(category, locale=None): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Set the locale for the given category.  The locale can be | 
 |         a string, an iterable of two strings (language code and encoding), | 
 |         or None. | 
 |  | 
 |         Iterables are converted to strings using the locale aliasing | 
 |         engine.  Locale strings are passed directly to the C lib. | 
 |  | 
 |         category may be given as one of the LC_* values. | 
 |  | 
 |     """ | 
 |     if locale and not isinstance(locale, _builtin_str): | 
 |         # convert to string | 
 |         locale = normalize(_build_localename(locale)) | 
 |     return _setlocale(category, locale) | 
 |  | 
 | def resetlocale(category=LC_ALL): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Sets the locale for category to the default setting. | 
 |  | 
 |         The default setting is determined by calling | 
 |         getdefaultlocale(). category defaults to LC_ALL. | 
 |  | 
 |     """ | 
 |     _setlocale(category, _build_localename(getdefaultlocale())) | 
 |  | 
 | if sys.platform.startswith("win"): | 
 |     # On Win32, this will return the ANSI code page | 
 |     def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale = True): | 
 |         """Return the charset that the user is likely using.""" | 
 |         import _bootlocale | 
 |         return _bootlocale.getpreferredencoding(False) | 
 | else: | 
 |     # On Unix, if CODESET is available, use that. | 
 |     try: | 
 |         CODESET | 
 |     except NameError: | 
 |         if hasattr(sys, 'getandroidapilevel'): | 
 |             # On Android langinfo.h and CODESET are missing, and UTF-8 is | 
 |             # always used in mbstowcs() and wcstombs(). | 
 |             def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale = True): | 
 |                 return 'UTF-8' | 
 |         else: | 
 |             # Fall back to parsing environment variables :-( | 
 |             def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale = True): | 
 |                 """Return the charset that the user is likely using, | 
 |                 by looking at environment variables.""" | 
 |                 res = getdefaultlocale()[1] | 
 |                 if res is None: | 
 |                     # LANG not set, default conservatively to ASCII | 
 |                     res = 'ascii' | 
 |                 return res | 
 |     else: | 
 |         def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale = True): | 
 |             """Return the charset that the user is likely using, | 
 |             according to the system configuration.""" | 
 |             import _bootlocale | 
 |             if do_setlocale: | 
 |                 oldloc = setlocale(LC_CTYPE) | 
 |                 try: | 
 |                     setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") | 
 |                 except Error: | 
 |                     pass | 
 |             result = _bootlocale.getpreferredencoding(False) | 
 |             if do_setlocale: | 
 |                 setlocale(LC_CTYPE, oldloc) | 
 |             return result | 
 |  | 
 |  | 
 | ### Database | 
 | # | 
 | # The following data was extracted from the locale.alias file which | 
 | # comes with X11 and then hand edited removing the explicit encoding | 
 | # definitions and adding some more aliases. The file is usually | 
 | # available as /usr/lib/X11/locale/locale.alias. | 
 | # | 
 |  | 
 | # | 
 | # The local_encoding_alias table maps lowercase encoding alias names | 
 | # to C locale encoding names (case-sensitive). Note that normalize() | 
 | # first looks up the encoding in the encodings.aliases dictionary and | 
 | # then applies this mapping to find the correct C lib name for the | 
 | # encoding. | 
 | # | 
 | locale_encoding_alias = { | 
 |  | 
 |     # Mappings for non-standard encoding names used in locale names | 
 |     '437':                          'C', | 
 |     'c':                            'C', | 
 |     'en':                           'ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'jis':                          'JIS7', | 
 |     'jis7':                         'JIS7', | 
 |     'ajec':                         'eucJP', | 
 |     'koi8c':                        'KOI8-C', | 
 |     'microsoftcp1251':              'CP1251', | 
 |     'microsoftcp1255':              'CP1255', | 
 |     'microsoftcp1256':              'CP1256', | 
 |     '88591':                        'ISO8859-1', | 
 |     '88592':                        'ISO8859-2', | 
 |     '88595':                        'ISO8859-5', | 
 |     '885915':                       'ISO8859-15', | 
 |  | 
 |     # Mappings from Python codec names to C lib encoding names | 
 |     'ascii':                        'ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'latin_1':                      'ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'iso8859_1':                    'ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'iso8859_10':                   'ISO8859-10', | 
 |     'iso8859_11':                   'ISO8859-11', | 
 |     'iso8859_13':                   'ISO8859-13', | 
 |     'iso8859_14':                   'ISO8859-14', | 
 |     'iso8859_15':                   'ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'iso8859_16':                   'ISO8859-16', | 
 |     'iso8859_2':                    'ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'iso8859_3':                    'ISO8859-3', | 
 |     'iso8859_4':                    'ISO8859-4', | 
 |     'iso8859_5':                    'ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'iso8859_6':                    'ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'iso8859_7':                    'ISO8859-7', | 
 |     'iso8859_8':                    'ISO8859-8', | 
 |     'iso8859_9':                    'ISO8859-9', | 
 |     'iso2022_jp':                   'JIS7', | 
 |     'shift_jis':                    'SJIS', | 
 |     'tactis':                       'TACTIS', | 
 |     'euc_jp':                       'eucJP', | 
 |     'euc_kr':                       'eucKR', | 
 |     'utf_8':                        'UTF-8', | 
 |     'koi8_r':                       'KOI8-R', | 
 |     'koi8_t':                       'KOI8-T', | 
 |     'koi8_u':                       'KOI8-U', | 
 |     'kz1048':                       'RK1048', | 
 |     'cp1251':                       'CP1251', | 
 |     'cp1255':                       'CP1255', | 
 |     'cp1256':                       'CP1256', | 
 |  | 
 |     # XXX This list is still incomplete. If you know more | 
 |     # mappings, please file a bug report. Thanks. | 
 | } | 
 |  | 
 | for k, v in sorted(locale_encoding_alias.items()): | 
 |     k = k.replace('_', '') | 
 |     locale_encoding_alias.setdefault(k, v) | 
 |  | 
 | # | 
 | # The locale_alias table maps lowercase alias names to C locale names | 
 | # (case-sensitive). Encodings are always separated from the locale | 
 | # name using a dot ('.'); they should only be given in case the | 
 | # language name is needed to interpret the given encoding alias | 
 | # correctly (CJK codes often have this need). | 
 | # | 
 | # Note that the normalize() function which uses this tables | 
 | # removes '_' and '-' characters from the encoding part of the | 
 | # locale name before doing the lookup. This saves a lot of | 
 | # space in the table. | 
 | # | 
 | # MAL 2004-12-10: | 
 | # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file | 
 | # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. | 
 | # | 
 | # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.4 | 
 | # and older): | 
 | # | 
 | #    updated 'bg' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251' | 
 | #    updated 'bg_bg' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251' | 
 | #    updated 'bulgarian' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251' | 
 | #    updated 'cz' -> 'cz_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'cz_cz' -> 'cz_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'czech' -> 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'dutch' -> 'nl_BE.ISO8859-1' to 'nl_NL.ISO8859-1' | 
 | #    updated 'et' -> 'et_EE.ISO8859-4' to 'et_EE.ISO8859-15' | 
 | #    updated 'et_ee' -> 'et_EE.ISO8859-4' to 'et_EE.ISO8859-15' | 
 | #    updated 'fi' -> 'fi_FI.ISO8859-1' to 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15' | 
 | #    updated 'fi_fi' -> 'fi_FI.ISO8859-1' to 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15' | 
 | #    updated 'iw' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' | 
 | #    updated 'iw_il' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' | 
 | #    updated 'japanese' -> 'ja_JP.SJIS' to 'ja_JP.eucJP' | 
 | #    updated 'lt' -> 'lt_LT.ISO8859-4' to 'lt_LT.ISO8859-13' | 
 | #    updated 'lv' -> 'lv_LV.ISO8859-4' to 'lv_LV.ISO8859-13' | 
 | #    updated 'sl' -> 'sl_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'slovene' -> 'sl_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'th_th' -> 'th_TH.TACTIS' to 'th_TH.ISO8859-11' | 
 | #    updated 'zh_cn' -> 'zh_CN.eucCN' to 'zh_CN.gb2312' | 
 | #    updated 'zh_cn.big5' -> 'zh_TW.eucTW' to 'zh_TW.big5' | 
 | #    updated 'zh_tw' -> 'zh_TW.eucTW' to 'zh_TW.big5' | 
 | # | 
 | # MAL 2008-05-30: | 
 | # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file | 
 | # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. | 
 | # | 
 | # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.5 | 
 | # and older): | 
 | # | 
 | #    updated 'cs_cs.iso88592' -> 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'serbocroatian' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'sh' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'sh_hr.iso88592' -> 'sh_HR.ISO8859-2' to 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'sh_sp' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'sh_yu' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'sp' -> 'sp_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | #    updated 'sp_yu' -> 'sp_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | #    updated 'sr' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | #    updated 'sr@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_sp' -> 'sr_SP.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu.cp1251@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.CP1251' to 'sr_CS.CP1251' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu.iso88592' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu.iso88595' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu.iso88595@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu.microsoftcp1251@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.CP1251' to 'sr_CS.CP1251' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.UTF-8' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' | 
 | # | 
 | # AP 2010-04-12: | 
 | # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file | 
 | # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. | 
 | # | 
 | # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.6.5 | 
 | # and older): | 
 | # | 
 | #    updated 'ru' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'ru_ru' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'serbocroatian' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sh' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sh_yu' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sr' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'sr@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'sr@latn' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_cs.utf8@latn' -> 'sr_CS.UTF-8' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_cs@latn' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.UTF-8' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_yu@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' | 
 | # | 
 | # SS 2013-12-20: | 
 | # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file | 
 | # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. | 
 | # | 
 | # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 3.3.3 | 
 | # and older): | 
 | # | 
 | #    updated 'a3' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C' | 
 | #    updated 'a3_az' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C' | 
 | #    updated 'a3_az.koi8c' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C' | 
 | #    updated 'cs_cs.iso88592' -> 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' | 
 | #    updated 'hebrew' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' | 
 | #    updated 'hebrew.iso88598' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' | 
 | #    updated 'sd' -> 'sd_IN@devanagari.UTF-8' to 'sd_IN.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'sr@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_cs' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_cs.utf8@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | #    updated 'sr_cs@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin' | 
 | # | 
 | # SS 2014-10-01: | 
 | # Updated alias mapping with glibc 2.19 supported locales. | 
 |  | 
 | locale_alias = { | 
 |     'a3':                                   'az_AZ.KOI8-C', | 
 |     'a3_az':                                'az_AZ.KOI8-C', | 
 |     'a3_az.koic':                           'az_AZ.KOI8-C', | 
 |     'aa_dj':                                'aa_DJ.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'aa_er':                                'aa_ER.UTF-8', | 
 |     'aa_et':                                'aa_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'af':                                   'af_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'af_za':                                'af_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'am':                                   'am_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'am_et':                                'am_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'american':                             'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'an_es':                                'an_ES.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'ar':                                   'ar_AA.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_aa':                                'ar_AA.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_ae':                                'ar_AE.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_bh':                                'ar_BH.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_dz':                                'ar_DZ.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_eg':                                'ar_EG.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_in':                                'ar_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ar_iq':                                'ar_IQ.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_jo':                                'ar_JO.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_kw':                                'ar_KW.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_lb':                                'ar_LB.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_ly':                                'ar_LY.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_ma':                                'ar_MA.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_om':                                'ar_OM.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_qa':                                'ar_QA.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_sa':                                'ar_SA.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_sd':                                'ar_SD.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_sy':                                'ar_SY.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_tn':                                'ar_TN.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'ar_ye':                                'ar_YE.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'arabic':                               'ar_AA.ISO8859-6', | 
 |     'as':                                   'as_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'as_in':                                'as_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ast_es':                               'ast_ES.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'ayc_pe':                               'ayc_PE.UTF-8', | 
 |     'az':                                   'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E', | 
 |     'az_az':                                'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E', | 
 |     'az_az.iso88599e':                      'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E', | 
 |     'be':                                   'be_BY.CP1251', | 
 |     'be@latin':                             'be_BY.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'be_bg.utf8':                           'bg_BG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'be_by':                                'be_BY.CP1251', | 
 |     'be_by@latin':                          'be_BY.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'bem_zm':                               'bem_ZM.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ber_dz':                               'ber_DZ.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ber_ma':                               'ber_MA.UTF-8', | 
 |     'bg':                                   'bg_BG.CP1251', | 
 |     'bg_bg':                                'bg_BG.CP1251', | 
 |     'bho_in':                               'bho_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'bn_bd':                                'bn_BD.UTF-8', | 
 |     'bn_in':                                'bn_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'bo_cn':                                'bo_CN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'bo_in':                                'bo_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'bokmal':                               'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'bokm\xe5l':                            'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'br':                                   'br_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'br_fr':                                'br_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'brx_in':                               'brx_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'bs':                                   'bs_BA.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'bs_ba':                                'bs_BA.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'bulgarian':                            'bg_BG.CP1251', | 
 |     'byn_er':                               'byn_ER.UTF-8', | 
 |     'c':                                    'C', | 
 |     'c-french':                             'fr_CA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'c.ascii':                              'C', | 
 |     'c.en':                                 'C', | 
 |     'c.iso88591':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'c.utf8':                               'en_US.UTF-8', | 
 |     'c_c':                                  'C', | 
 |     'c_c.c':                                'C', | 
 |     'ca':                                   'ca_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ca_ad':                                'ca_AD.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ca_es':                                'ca_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ca_es@valencia':                       'ca_ES.ISO8859-15@valencia', | 
 |     'ca_fr':                                'ca_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ca_it':                                'ca_IT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'catalan':                              'ca_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'cextend':                              'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'chinese-s':                            'zh_CN.eucCN', | 
 |     'chinese-t':                            'zh_TW.eucTW', | 
 |     'crh_ua':                               'crh_UA.UTF-8', | 
 |     'croatian':                             'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'cs':                                   'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'cs_cs':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'cs_cz':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'csb_pl':                               'csb_PL.UTF-8', | 
 |     'cv_ru':                                'cv_RU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'cy':                                   'cy_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'cy_gb':                                'cy_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'cz':                                   'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'cz_cz':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'czech':                                'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'da':                                   'da_DK.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'da_dk':                                'da_DK.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'danish':                               'da_DK.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'dansk':                                'da_DK.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'de':                                   'de_DE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'de_at':                                'de_AT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'de_be':                                'de_BE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'de_ch':                                'de_CH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'de_de':                                'de_DE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'de_li.utf8':                           'de_LI.UTF-8', | 
 |     'de_lu':                                'de_LU.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'deutsch':                              'de_DE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'doi_in':                               'doi_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'dutch':                                'nl_NL.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'dutch.iso88591':                       'nl_BE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'dv_mv':                                'dv_MV.UTF-8', | 
 |     'dz_bt':                                'dz_BT.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ee':                                   'ee_EE.ISO8859-4', | 
 |     'ee_ee':                                'ee_EE.ISO8859-4', | 
 |     'eesti':                                'et_EE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'el':                                   'el_GR.ISO8859-7', | 
 |     'el_cy':                                'el_CY.ISO8859-7', | 
 |     'el_gr':                                'el_GR.ISO8859-7', | 
 |     'el_gr@euro':                           'el_GR.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'en':                                   'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_ag':                                'en_AG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'en_au':                                'en_AU.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_be':                                'en_BE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_bw':                                'en_BW.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_ca':                                'en_CA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_dk':                                'en_DK.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_dl.utf8':                           'en_DL.UTF-8', | 
 |     'en_gb':                                'en_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_hk':                                'en_HK.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_ie':                                'en_IE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_in':                                'en_IN.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_ng':                                'en_NG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'en_nz':                                'en_NZ.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_ph':                                'en_PH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_sg':                                'en_SG.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_uk':                                'en_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_us':                                'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_us@euro@euro':                      'en_US.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'en_za':                                'en_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_zm':                                'en_ZM.UTF-8', | 
 |     'en_zw':                                'en_ZW.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'en_zw.utf8':                           'en_ZS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'eng_gb':                               'en_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'english':                              'en_EN.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'english_uk':                           'en_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'english_united-states':                'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'english_united-states.437':            'C', | 
 |     'english_us':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'eo':                                   'eo_XX.ISO8859-3', | 
 |     'eo.utf8':                              'eo.UTF-8', | 
 |     'eo_eo':                                'eo_EO.ISO8859-3', | 
 |     'eo_us.utf8':                           'eo_US.UTF-8', | 
 |     'eo_xx':                                'eo_XX.ISO8859-3', | 
 |     'es':                                   'es_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_ar':                                'es_AR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_bo':                                'es_BO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_cl':                                'es_CL.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_co':                                'es_CO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_cr':                                'es_CR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_cu':                                'es_CU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'es_do':                                'es_DO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_ec':                                'es_EC.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_es':                                'es_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_gt':                                'es_GT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_hn':                                'es_HN.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_mx':                                'es_MX.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_ni':                                'es_NI.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_pa':                                'es_PA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_pe':                                'es_PE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_pr':                                'es_PR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_py':                                'es_PY.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_sv':                                'es_SV.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_us':                                'es_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_uy':                                'es_UY.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'es_ve':                                'es_VE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'estonian':                             'et_EE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'et':                                   'et_EE.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'et_ee':                                'et_EE.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'eu':                                   'eu_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'eu_es':                                'eu_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'eu_fr':                                'eu_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fa':                                   'fa_IR.UTF-8', | 
 |     'fa_ir':                                'fa_IR.UTF-8', | 
 |     'fa_ir.isiri3342':                      'fa_IR.ISIRI-3342', | 
 |     'ff_sn':                                'ff_SN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'fi':                                   'fi_FI.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'fi_fi':                                'fi_FI.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'fil_ph':                               'fil_PH.UTF-8', | 
 |     'finnish':                              'fi_FI.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fo':                                   'fo_FO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fo_fo':                                'fo_FO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fr':                                   'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fr_be':                                'fr_BE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fr_ca':                                'fr_CA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fr_ch':                                'fr_CH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fr_fr':                                'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fr_lu':                                'fr_LU.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fran\xe7ais':                          'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fre_fr':                               'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'french':                               'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'french.iso88591':                      'fr_CH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'french_france':                        'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'fur_it':                               'fur_IT.UTF-8', | 
 |     'fy_de':                                'fy_DE.UTF-8', | 
 |     'fy_nl':                                'fy_NL.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ga':                                   'ga_IE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ga_ie':                                'ga_IE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'galego':                               'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'galician':                             'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'gd':                                   'gd_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'gd_gb':                                'gd_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ger_de':                               'de_DE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'german':                               'de_DE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'german.iso88591':                      'de_CH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'german_germany':                       'de_DE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'gez_er':                               'gez_ER.UTF-8', | 
 |     'gez_et':                               'gez_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'gl':                                   'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'gl_es':                                'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'greek':                                'el_GR.ISO8859-7', | 
 |     'gu_in':                                'gu_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'gv':                                   'gv_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'gv_gb':                                'gv_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ha_ng':                                'ha_NG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'he':                                   'he_IL.ISO8859-8', | 
 |     'he_il':                                'he_IL.ISO8859-8', | 
 |     'hebrew':                               'he_IL.ISO8859-8', | 
 |     'hi':                                   'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV', | 
 |     'hi_in':                                'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV', | 
 |     'hi_in.isciidev':                       'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV', | 
 |     'hne':                                  'hne_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'hne_in':                               'hne_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'hr':                                   'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'hr_hr':                                'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'hrvatski':                             'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'hsb_de':                               'hsb_DE.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'ht_ht':                                'ht_HT.UTF-8', | 
 |     'hu':                                   'hu_HU.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'hu_hu':                                'hu_HU.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'hungarian':                            'hu_HU.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'hy_am':                                'hy_AM.UTF-8', | 
 |     'hy_am.armscii8':                       'hy_AM.ARMSCII_8', | 
 |     'ia':                                   'ia.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ia_fr':                                'ia_FR.UTF-8', | 
 |     'icelandic':                            'is_IS.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'id':                                   'id_ID.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'id_id':                                'id_ID.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ig_ng':                                'ig_NG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ik_ca':                                'ik_CA.UTF-8', | 
 |     'in':                                   'id_ID.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'in_id':                                'id_ID.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'is':                                   'is_IS.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'is_is':                                'is_IS.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'iso-8859-1':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'iso-8859-15':                          'en_US.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'iso8859-1':                            'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'iso8859-15':                           'en_US.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'iso_8859_1':                           'en_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'iso_8859_15':                          'en_US.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'it':                                   'it_IT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'it_ch':                                'it_CH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'it_it':                                'it_IT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'italian':                              'it_IT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'iu':                                   'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8', | 
 |     'iu_ca':                                'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8', | 
 |     'iu_ca.nunacom8':                       'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8', | 
 |     'iw':                                   'he_IL.ISO8859-8', | 
 |     'iw_il':                                'he_IL.ISO8859-8', | 
 |     'iw_il.utf8':                           'iw_IL.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ja':                                   'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'ja_jp':                                'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'ja_jp.euc':                            'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'ja_jp.mscode':                         'ja_JP.SJIS', | 
 |     'ja_jp.pck':                            'ja_JP.SJIS', | 
 |     'japan':                                'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'japanese':                             'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'japanese-euc':                         'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'japanese.euc':                         'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'jp_jp':                                'ja_JP.eucJP', | 
 |     'ka':                                   'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', | 
 |     'ka_ge':                                'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', | 
 |     'ka_ge.georgianacademy':                'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', | 
 |     'ka_ge.georgianps':                     'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-PS', | 
 |     'ka_ge.georgianrs':                     'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', | 
 |     'kk_kz':                                'kk_KZ.RK1048', | 
 |     'kl':                                   'kl_GL.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'kl_gl':                                'kl_GL.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'km_kh':                                'km_KH.UTF-8', | 
 |     'kn':                                   'kn_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'kn_in':                                'kn_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ko':                                   'ko_KR.eucKR', | 
 |     'ko_kr':                                'ko_KR.eucKR', | 
 |     'ko_kr.euc':                            'ko_KR.eucKR', | 
 |     'kok_in':                               'kok_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'korean':                               'ko_KR.eucKR', | 
 |     'korean.euc':                           'ko_KR.eucKR', | 
 |     'ks':                                   'ks_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ks_in':                                'ks_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ks_in@devanagari.utf8':                'ks_IN.UTF-8@devanagari', | 
 |     'ku_tr':                                'ku_TR.ISO8859-9', | 
 |     'kw':                                   'kw_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'kw_gb':                                'kw_GB.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ky':                                   'ky_KG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ky_kg':                                'ky_KG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'lb_lu':                                'lb_LU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'lg_ug':                                'lg_UG.ISO8859-10', | 
 |     'li_be':                                'li_BE.UTF-8', | 
 |     'li_nl':                                'li_NL.UTF-8', | 
 |     'lij_it':                               'lij_IT.UTF-8', | 
 |     'lithuanian':                           'lt_LT.ISO8859-13', | 
 |     'lo':                                   'lo_LA.MULELAO-1', | 
 |     'lo_la':                                'lo_LA.MULELAO-1', | 
 |     'lo_la.cp1133':                         'lo_LA.IBM-CP1133', | 
 |     'lo_la.ibmcp1133':                      'lo_LA.IBM-CP1133', | 
 |     'lo_la.mulelao1':                       'lo_LA.MULELAO-1', | 
 |     'lt':                                   'lt_LT.ISO8859-13', | 
 |     'lt_lt':                                'lt_LT.ISO8859-13', | 
 |     'lv':                                   'lv_LV.ISO8859-13', | 
 |     'lv_lv':                                'lv_LV.ISO8859-13', | 
 |     'mag_in':                               'mag_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mai':                                  'mai_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mai_in':                               'mai_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mg_mg':                                'mg_MG.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'mhr_ru':                               'mhr_RU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mi':                                   'mi_NZ.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'mi_nz':                                'mi_NZ.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'mk':                                   'mk_MK.ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'mk_mk':                                'mk_MK.ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'ml':                                   'ml_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ml_in':                                'ml_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mn_mn':                                'mn_MN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mni_in':                               'mni_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mr':                                   'mr_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'mr_in':                                'mr_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ms':                                   'ms_MY.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ms_my':                                'ms_MY.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'mt':                                   'mt_MT.ISO8859-3', | 
 |     'mt_mt':                                'mt_MT.ISO8859-3', | 
 |     'my_mm':                                'my_MM.UTF-8', | 
 |     'nan_tw@latin':                         'nan_TW.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'nb':                                   'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nb_no':                                'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nds_de':                               'nds_DE.UTF-8', | 
 |     'nds_nl':                               'nds_NL.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ne_np':                                'ne_NP.UTF-8', | 
 |     'nhn_mx':                               'nhn_MX.UTF-8', | 
 |     'niu_nu':                               'niu_NU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'niu_nz':                               'niu_NZ.UTF-8', | 
 |     'nl':                                   'nl_NL.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nl_aw':                                'nl_AW.UTF-8', | 
 |     'nl_be':                                'nl_BE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nl_nl':                                'nl_NL.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nn':                                   'nn_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nn_no':                                'nn_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'no':                                   'no_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'no@nynorsk':                           'ny_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'no_no':                                'no_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'no_no.iso88591@bokmal':                'no_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'no_no.iso88591@nynorsk':               'no_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'norwegian':                            'no_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nr':                                   'nr_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nr_za':                                'nr_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nso':                                  'nso_ZA.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'nso_za':                               'nso_ZA.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'ny':                                   'ny_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ny_no':                                'ny_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'nynorsk':                              'nn_NO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'oc':                                   'oc_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'oc_fr':                                'oc_FR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'om_et':                                'om_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'om_ke':                                'om_KE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'or':                                   'or_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'or_in':                                'or_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'os_ru':                                'os_RU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'pa':                                   'pa_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'pa_in':                                'pa_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'pa_pk':                                'pa_PK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'pap_an':                               'pap_AN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'pd':                                   'pd_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'pd_de':                                'pd_DE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'pd_us':                                'pd_US.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ph':                                   'ph_PH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ph_ph':                                'ph_PH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'pl':                                   'pl_PL.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'pl_pl':                                'pl_PL.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'polish':                               'pl_PL.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'portuguese':                           'pt_PT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'portuguese_brazil':                    'pt_BR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'posix':                                'C', | 
 |     'posix-utf2':                           'C', | 
 |     'pp':                                   'pp_AN.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'pp_an':                                'pp_AN.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ps_af':                                'ps_AF.UTF-8', | 
 |     'pt':                                   'pt_PT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'pt_br':                                'pt_BR.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'pt_pt':                                'pt_PT.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ro':                                   'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'ro_ro':                                'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'romanian':                             'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'ru':                                   'ru_RU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ru_ru':                                'ru_RU.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ru_ua':                                'ru_UA.KOI8-U', | 
 |     'rumanian':                             'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'russian':                              'ru_RU.ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'rw':                                   'rw_RW.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'rw_rw':                                'rw_RW.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'sa_in':                                'sa_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sat_in':                               'sat_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sc_it':                                'sc_IT.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sd':                                   'sd_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sd_in':                                'sd_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sd_in@devanagari.utf8':                'sd_IN.UTF-8@devanagari', | 
 |     'sd_pk':                                'sd_PK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'se_no':                                'se_NO.UTF-8', | 
 |     'serbocroatian':                        'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'sh':                                   'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'sh_ba.iso88592@bosnia':                'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sh_hr':                                'sh_HR.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sh_hr.iso88592':                       'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sh_sp':                                'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sh_yu':                                'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'shs_ca':                               'shs_CA.UTF-8', | 
 |     'si':                                   'si_LK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'si_lk':                                'si_LK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sid_et':                               'sid_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sinhala':                              'si_LK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sk':                                   'sk_SK.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sk_sk':                                'sk_SK.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sl':                                   'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sl_cs':                                'sl_CS.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sl_si':                                'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'slovak':                               'sk_SK.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'slovene':                              'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'slovenian':                            'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'so_dj':                                'so_DJ.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'so_et':                                'so_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'so_ke':                                'so_KE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'so_so':                                'so_SO.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'sp':                                   'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'sp_yu':                                'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'spanish':                              'es_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'spanish_spain':                        'es_ES.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'sq':                                   'sq_AL.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sq_al':                                'sq_AL.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sq_mk':                                'sq_MK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr':                                   'sr_RS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr@cyrillic':                          'sr_RS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr@latn':                              'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'sr_cs':                                'sr_CS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr_cs.iso88592@latn':                  'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sr_cs@latn':                           'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'sr_me':                                'sr_ME.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr_rs':                                'sr_RS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr_rs@latn':                           'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'sr_sp':                                'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sr_yu':                                'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', | 
 |     'sr_yu.cp1251@cyrillic':                'sr_CS.CP1251', | 
 |     'sr_yu.iso88592':                       'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', | 
 |     'sr_yu.iso88595':                       'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'sr_yu.iso88595@cyrillic':              'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', | 
 |     'sr_yu.microsoftcp1251@cyrillic':       'sr_CS.CP1251', | 
 |     'sr_yu.utf8':                           'sr_RS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic':                  'sr_RS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sr_yu@cyrillic':                       'sr_RS.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ss':                                   'ss_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ss_za':                                'ss_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'st':                                   'st_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'st_za':                                'st_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'sv':                                   'sv_SE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'sv_fi':                                'sv_FI.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'sv_se':                                'sv_SE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'sw_ke':                                'sw_KE.UTF-8', | 
 |     'sw_tz':                                'sw_TZ.UTF-8', | 
 |     'swedish':                              'sv_SE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'szl_pl':                               'szl_PL.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ta':                                   'ta_IN.TSCII-0', | 
 |     'ta_in':                                'ta_IN.TSCII-0', | 
 |     'ta_in.tscii':                          'ta_IN.TSCII-0', | 
 |     'ta_in.tscii0':                         'ta_IN.TSCII-0', | 
 |     'ta_lk':                                'ta_LK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'te':                                   'te_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'te_in':                                'te_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'tg':                                   'tg_TJ.KOI8-C', | 
 |     'tg_tj':                                'tg_TJ.KOI8-C', | 
 |     'th':                                   'th_TH.ISO8859-11', | 
 |     'th_th':                                'th_TH.ISO8859-11', | 
 |     'th_th.tactis':                         'th_TH.TIS620', | 
 |     'th_th.tis620':                         'th_TH.TIS620', | 
 |     'thai':                                 'th_TH.ISO8859-11', | 
 |     'ti_er':                                'ti_ER.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ti_et':                                'ti_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'tig_er':                               'tig_ER.UTF-8', | 
 |     'tk_tm':                                'tk_TM.UTF-8', | 
 |     'tl':                                   'tl_PH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'tl_ph':                                'tl_PH.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'tn':                                   'tn_ZA.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'tn_za':                                'tn_ZA.ISO8859-15', | 
 |     'tr':                                   'tr_TR.ISO8859-9', | 
 |     'tr_cy':                                'tr_CY.ISO8859-9', | 
 |     'tr_tr':                                'tr_TR.ISO8859-9', | 
 |     'ts':                                   'ts_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'ts_za':                                'ts_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'tt':                                   'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR', | 
 |     'tt_ru':                                'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR', | 
 |     'tt_ru.tatarcyr':                       'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR', | 
 |     'tt_ru@iqtelif':                        'tt_RU.UTF-8@iqtelif', | 
 |     'turkish':                              'tr_TR.ISO8859-9', | 
 |     'ug_cn':                                'ug_CN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'uk':                                   'uk_UA.KOI8-U', | 
 |     'uk_ua':                                'uk_UA.KOI8-U', | 
 |     'univ':                                 'en_US.utf', | 
 |     'universal':                            'en_US.utf', | 
 |     'universal.utf8@ucs4':                  'en_US.UTF-8', | 
 |     'unm_us':                               'unm_US.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ur':                                   'ur_PK.CP1256', | 
 |     'ur_in':                                'ur_IN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'ur_pk':                                'ur_PK.CP1256', | 
 |     'uz':                                   'uz_UZ.UTF-8', | 
 |     'uz_uz':                                'uz_UZ.UTF-8', | 
 |     'uz_uz@cyrillic':                       'uz_UZ.UTF-8', | 
 |     've':                                   've_ZA.UTF-8', | 
 |     've_za':                                've_ZA.UTF-8', | 
 |     'vi':                                   'vi_VN.TCVN', | 
 |     'vi_vn':                                'vi_VN.TCVN', | 
 |     'vi_vn.tcvn':                           'vi_VN.TCVN', | 
 |     'vi_vn.tcvn5712':                       'vi_VN.TCVN', | 
 |     'vi_vn.viscii':                         'vi_VN.VISCII', | 
 |     'vi_vn.viscii111':                      'vi_VN.VISCII', | 
 |     'wa':                                   'wa_BE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'wa_be':                                'wa_BE.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'wae_ch':                               'wae_CH.UTF-8', | 
 |     'wal_et':                               'wal_ET.UTF-8', | 
 |     'wo_sn':                                'wo_SN.UTF-8', | 
 |     'xh':                                   'xh_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'xh_za':                                'xh_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'yi':                                   'yi_US.CP1255', | 
 |     'yi_us':                                'yi_US.CP1255', | 
 |     'yo_ng':                                'yo_NG.UTF-8', | 
 |     'yue_hk':                               'yue_HK.UTF-8', | 
 |     'zh':                                   'zh_CN.eucCN', | 
 |     'zh_cn':                                'zh_CN.gb2312', | 
 |     'zh_cn.big5':                           'zh_TW.big5', | 
 |     'zh_cn.euc':                            'zh_CN.eucCN', | 
 |     'zh_hk':                                'zh_HK.big5hkscs', | 
 |     'zh_hk.big5hk':                         'zh_HK.big5hkscs', | 
 |     'zh_sg':                                'zh_SG.GB2312', | 
 |     'zh_sg.gbk':                            'zh_SG.GBK', | 
 |     'zh_tw':                                'zh_TW.big5', | 
 |     'zh_tw.euc':                            'zh_TW.eucTW', | 
 |     'zh_tw.euctw':                          'zh_TW.eucTW', | 
 |     'zu':                                   'zu_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 |     'zu_za':                                'zu_ZA.ISO8859-1', | 
 | } | 
 |  | 
 | # | 
 | # This maps Windows language identifiers to locale strings. | 
 | # | 
 | # This list has been updated from | 
 | # http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/intl/nls_238z.asp | 
 | # to include every locale up to Windows Vista. | 
 | # | 
 | # NOTE: this mapping is incomplete.  If your language is missing, please | 
 | # submit a bug report to the Python bug tracker at http://bugs.python.org/ | 
 | # Make sure you include the missing language identifier and the suggested | 
 | # locale code. | 
 | # | 
 |  | 
 | windows_locale = { | 
 |     0x0436: "af_ZA", # Afrikaans | 
 |     0x041c: "sq_AL", # Albanian | 
 |     0x0484: "gsw_FR",# Alsatian - France | 
 |     0x045e: "am_ET", # Amharic - Ethiopia | 
 |     0x0401: "ar_SA", # Arabic - Saudi Arabia | 
 |     0x0801: "ar_IQ", # Arabic - Iraq | 
 |     0x0c01: "ar_EG", # Arabic - Egypt | 
 |     0x1001: "ar_LY", # Arabic - Libya | 
 |     0x1401: "ar_DZ", # Arabic - Algeria | 
 |     0x1801: "ar_MA", # Arabic - Morocco | 
 |     0x1c01: "ar_TN", # Arabic - Tunisia | 
 |     0x2001: "ar_OM", # Arabic - Oman | 
 |     0x2401: "ar_YE", # Arabic - Yemen | 
 |     0x2801: "ar_SY", # Arabic - Syria | 
 |     0x2c01: "ar_JO", # Arabic - Jordan | 
 |     0x3001: "ar_LB", # Arabic - Lebanon | 
 |     0x3401: "ar_KW", # Arabic - Kuwait | 
 |     0x3801: "ar_AE", # Arabic - United Arab Emirates | 
 |     0x3c01: "ar_BH", # Arabic - Bahrain | 
 |     0x4001: "ar_QA", # Arabic - Qatar | 
 |     0x042b: "hy_AM", # Armenian | 
 |     0x044d: "as_IN", # Assamese - India | 
 |     0x042c: "az_AZ", # Azeri - Latin | 
 |     0x082c: "az_AZ", # Azeri - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x046d: "ba_RU", # Bashkir | 
 |     0x042d: "eu_ES", # Basque - Russia | 
 |     0x0423: "be_BY", # Belarusian | 
 |     0x0445: "bn_IN", # Begali | 
 |     0x201a: "bs_BA", # Bosnian - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x141a: "bs_BA", # Bosnian - Latin | 
 |     0x047e: "br_FR", # Breton - France | 
 |     0x0402: "bg_BG", # Bulgarian | 
 | #    0x0455: "my_MM", # Burmese - Not supported | 
 |     0x0403: "ca_ES", # Catalan | 
 |     0x0004: "zh_CHS",# Chinese - Simplified | 
 |     0x0404: "zh_TW", # Chinese - Taiwan | 
 |     0x0804: "zh_CN", # Chinese - PRC | 
 |     0x0c04: "zh_HK", # Chinese - Hong Kong S.A.R. | 
 |     0x1004: "zh_SG", # Chinese - Singapore | 
 |     0x1404: "zh_MO", # Chinese - Macao S.A.R. | 
 |     0x7c04: "zh_CHT",# Chinese - Traditional | 
 |     0x0483: "co_FR", # Corsican - France | 
 |     0x041a: "hr_HR", # Croatian | 
 |     0x101a: "hr_BA", # Croatian - Bosnia | 
 |     0x0405: "cs_CZ", # Czech | 
 |     0x0406: "da_DK", # Danish | 
 |     0x048c: "gbz_AF",# Dari - Afghanistan | 
 |     0x0465: "div_MV",# Divehi - Maldives | 
 |     0x0413: "nl_NL", # Dutch - The Netherlands | 
 |     0x0813: "nl_BE", # Dutch - Belgium | 
 |     0x0409: "en_US", # English - United States | 
 |     0x0809: "en_GB", # English - United Kingdom | 
 |     0x0c09: "en_AU", # English - Australia | 
 |     0x1009: "en_CA", # English - Canada | 
 |     0x1409: "en_NZ", # English - New Zealand | 
 |     0x1809: "en_IE", # English - Ireland | 
 |     0x1c09: "en_ZA", # English - South Africa | 
 |     0x2009: "en_JA", # English - Jamaica | 
 |     0x2409: "en_CB", # English - Caribbean | 
 |     0x2809: "en_BZ", # English - Belize | 
 |     0x2c09: "en_TT", # English - Trinidad | 
 |     0x3009: "en_ZW", # English - Zimbabwe | 
 |     0x3409: "en_PH", # English - Philippines | 
 |     0x4009: "en_IN", # English - India | 
 |     0x4409: "en_MY", # English - Malaysia | 
 |     0x4809: "en_IN", # English - Singapore | 
 |     0x0425: "et_EE", # Estonian | 
 |     0x0438: "fo_FO", # Faroese | 
 |     0x0464: "fil_PH",# Filipino | 
 |     0x040b: "fi_FI", # Finnish | 
 |     0x040c: "fr_FR", # French - France | 
 |     0x080c: "fr_BE", # French - Belgium | 
 |     0x0c0c: "fr_CA", # French - Canada | 
 |     0x100c: "fr_CH", # French - Switzerland | 
 |     0x140c: "fr_LU", # French - Luxembourg | 
 |     0x180c: "fr_MC", # French - Monaco | 
 |     0x0462: "fy_NL", # Frisian - Netherlands | 
 |     0x0456: "gl_ES", # Galician | 
 |     0x0437: "ka_GE", # Georgian | 
 |     0x0407: "de_DE", # German - Germany | 
 |     0x0807: "de_CH", # German - Switzerland | 
 |     0x0c07: "de_AT", # German - Austria | 
 |     0x1007: "de_LU", # German - Luxembourg | 
 |     0x1407: "de_LI", # German - Liechtenstein | 
 |     0x0408: "el_GR", # Greek | 
 |     0x046f: "kl_GL", # Greenlandic - Greenland | 
 |     0x0447: "gu_IN", # Gujarati | 
 |     0x0468: "ha_NG", # Hausa - Latin | 
 |     0x040d: "he_IL", # Hebrew | 
 |     0x0439: "hi_IN", # Hindi | 
 |     0x040e: "hu_HU", # Hungarian | 
 |     0x040f: "is_IS", # Icelandic | 
 |     0x0421: "id_ID", # Indonesian | 
 |     0x045d: "iu_CA", # Inuktitut - Syllabics | 
 |     0x085d: "iu_CA", # Inuktitut - Latin | 
 |     0x083c: "ga_IE", # Irish - Ireland | 
 |     0x0410: "it_IT", # Italian - Italy | 
 |     0x0810: "it_CH", # Italian - Switzerland | 
 |     0x0411: "ja_JP", # Japanese | 
 |     0x044b: "kn_IN", # Kannada - India | 
 |     0x043f: "kk_KZ", # Kazakh | 
 |     0x0453: "kh_KH", # Khmer - Cambodia | 
 |     0x0486: "qut_GT",# K'iche - Guatemala | 
 |     0x0487: "rw_RW", # Kinyarwanda - Rwanda | 
 |     0x0457: "kok_IN",# Konkani | 
 |     0x0412: "ko_KR", # Korean | 
 |     0x0440: "ky_KG", # Kyrgyz | 
 |     0x0454: "lo_LA", # Lao - Lao PDR | 
 |     0x0426: "lv_LV", # Latvian | 
 |     0x0427: "lt_LT", # Lithuanian | 
 |     0x082e: "dsb_DE",# Lower Sorbian - Germany | 
 |     0x046e: "lb_LU", # Luxembourgish | 
 |     0x042f: "mk_MK", # FYROM Macedonian | 
 |     0x043e: "ms_MY", # Malay - Malaysia | 
 |     0x083e: "ms_BN", # Malay - Brunei Darussalam | 
 |     0x044c: "ml_IN", # Malayalam - India | 
 |     0x043a: "mt_MT", # Maltese | 
 |     0x0481: "mi_NZ", # Maori | 
 |     0x047a: "arn_CL",# Mapudungun | 
 |     0x044e: "mr_IN", # Marathi | 
 |     0x047c: "moh_CA",# Mohawk - Canada | 
 |     0x0450: "mn_MN", # Mongolian - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x0850: "mn_CN", # Mongolian - PRC | 
 |     0x0461: "ne_NP", # Nepali | 
 |     0x0414: "nb_NO", # Norwegian - Bokmal | 
 |     0x0814: "nn_NO", # Norwegian - Nynorsk | 
 |     0x0482: "oc_FR", # Occitan - France | 
 |     0x0448: "or_IN", # Oriya - India | 
 |     0x0463: "ps_AF", # Pashto - Afghanistan | 
 |     0x0429: "fa_IR", # Persian | 
 |     0x0415: "pl_PL", # Polish | 
 |     0x0416: "pt_BR", # Portuguese - Brazil | 
 |     0x0816: "pt_PT", # Portuguese - Portugal | 
 |     0x0446: "pa_IN", # Punjabi | 
 |     0x046b: "quz_BO",# Quechua (Bolivia) | 
 |     0x086b: "quz_EC",# Quechua (Ecuador) | 
 |     0x0c6b: "quz_PE",# Quechua (Peru) | 
 |     0x0418: "ro_RO", # Romanian - Romania | 
 |     0x0417: "rm_CH", # Romansh | 
 |     0x0419: "ru_RU", # Russian | 
 |     0x243b: "smn_FI",# Sami Finland | 
 |     0x103b: "smj_NO",# Sami Norway | 
 |     0x143b: "smj_SE",# Sami Sweden | 
 |     0x043b: "se_NO", # Sami Northern Norway | 
 |     0x083b: "se_SE", # Sami Northern Sweden | 
 |     0x0c3b: "se_FI", # Sami Northern Finland | 
 |     0x203b: "sms_FI",# Sami Skolt | 
 |     0x183b: "sma_NO",# Sami Southern Norway | 
 |     0x1c3b: "sma_SE",# Sami Southern Sweden | 
 |     0x044f: "sa_IN", # Sanskrit | 
 |     0x0c1a: "sr_SP", # Serbian - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x1c1a: "sr_BA", # Serbian - Bosnia Cyrillic | 
 |     0x081a: "sr_SP", # Serbian - Latin | 
 |     0x181a: "sr_BA", # Serbian - Bosnia Latin | 
 |     0x045b: "si_LK", # Sinhala - Sri Lanka | 
 |     0x046c: "ns_ZA", # Northern Sotho | 
 |     0x0432: "tn_ZA", # Setswana - Southern Africa | 
 |     0x041b: "sk_SK", # Slovak | 
 |     0x0424: "sl_SI", # Slovenian | 
 |     0x040a: "es_ES", # Spanish - Spain | 
 |     0x080a: "es_MX", # Spanish - Mexico | 
 |     0x0c0a: "es_ES", # Spanish - Spain (Modern) | 
 |     0x100a: "es_GT", # Spanish - Guatemala | 
 |     0x140a: "es_CR", # Spanish - Costa Rica | 
 |     0x180a: "es_PA", # Spanish - Panama | 
 |     0x1c0a: "es_DO", # Spanish - Dominican Republic | 
 |     0x200a: "es_VE", # Spanish - Venezuela | 
 |     0x240a: "es_CO", # Spanish - Colombia | 
 |     0x280a: "es_PE", # Spanish - Peru | 
 |     0x2c0a: "es_AR", # Spanish - Argentina | 
 |     0x300a: "es_EC", # Spanish - Ecuador | 
 |     0x340a: "es_CL", # Spanish - Chile | 
 |     0x380a: "es_UR", # Spanish - Uruguay | 
 |     0x3c0a: "es_PY", # Spanish - Paraguay | 
 |     0x400a: "es_BO", # Spanish - Bolivia | 
 |     0x440a: "es_SV", # Spanish - El Salvador | 
 |     0x480a: "es_HN", # Spanish - Honduras | 
 |     0x4c0a: "es_NI", # Spanish - Nicaragua | 
 |     0x500a: "es_PR", # Spanish - Puerto Rico | 
 |     0x540a: "es_US", # Spanish - United States | 
 | #    0x0430: "", # Sutu - Not supported | 
 |     0x0441: "sw_KE", # Swahili | 
 |     0x041d: "sv_SE", # Swedish - Sweden | 
 |     0x081d: "sv_FI", # Swedish - Finland | 
 |     0x045a: "syr_SY",# Syriac | 
 |     0x0428: "tg_TJ", # Tajik - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x085f: "tmz_DZ",# Tamazight - Latin | 
 |     0x0449: "ta_IN", # Tamil | 
 |     0x0444: "tt_RU", # Tatar | 
 |     0x044a: "te_IN", # Telugu | 
 |     0x041e: "th_TH", # Thai | 
 |     0x0851: "bo_BT", # Tibetan - Bhutan | 
 |     0x0451: "bo_CN", # Tibetan - PRC | 
 |     0x041f: "tr_TR", # Turkish | 
 |     0x0442: "tk_TM", # Turkmen - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x0480: "ug_CN", # Uighur - Arabic | 
 |     0x0422: "uk_UA", # Ukrainian | 
 |     0x042e: "wen_DE",# Upper Sorbian - Germany | 
 |     0x0420: "ur_PK", # Urdu | 
 |     0x0820: "ur_IN", # Urdu - India | 
 |     0x0443: "uz_UZ", # Uzbek - Latin | 
 |     0x0843: "uz_UZ", # Uzbek - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x042a: "vi_VN", # Vietnamese | 
 |     0x0452: "cy_GB", # Welsh | 
 |     0x0488: "wo_SN", # Wolof - Senegal | 
 |     0x0434: "xh_ZA", # Xhosa - South Africa | 
 |     0x0485: "sah_RU",# Yakut - Cyrillic | 
 |     0x0478: "ii_CN", # Yi - PRC | 
 |     0x046a: "yo_NG", # Yoruba - Nigeria | 
 |     0x0435: "zu_ZA", # Zulu | 
 | } | 
 |  | 
 | def _print_locale(): | 
 |  | 
 |     """ Test function. | 
 |     """ | 
 |     categories = {} | 
 |     def _init_categories(categories=categories): | 
 |         for k,v in globals().items(): | 
 |             if k[:3] == 'LC_': | 
 |                 categories[k] = v | 
 |     _init_categories() | 
 |     del categories['LC_ALL'] | 
 |  | 
 |     print('Locale defaults as determined by getdefaultlocale():') | 
 |     print('-'*72) | 
 |     lang, enc = getdefaultlocale() | 
 |     print('Language: ', lang or '(undefined)') | 
 |     print('Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)') | 
 |     print() | 
 |  | 
 |     print('Locale settings on startup:') | 
 |     print('-'*72) | 
 |     for name,category in categories.items(): | 
 |         print(name, '...') | 
 |         lang, enc = getlocale(category) | 
 |         print('   Language: ', lang or '(undefined)') | 
 |         print('   Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)') | 
 |         print() | 
 |  | 
 |     print() | 
 |     print('Locale settings after calling resetlocale():') | 
 |     print('-'*72) | 
 |     resetlocale() | 
 |     for name,category in categories.items(): | 
 |         print(name, '...') | 
 |         lang, enc = getlocale(category) | 
 |         print('   Language: ', lang or '(undefined)') | 
 |         print('   Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)') | 
 |         print() | 
 |  | 
 |     try: | 
 |         setlocale(LC_ALL, "") | 
 |     except: | 
 |         print('NOTE:') | 
 |         print('setlocale(LC_ALL, "") does not support the default locale') | 
 |         print('given in the OS environment variables.') | 
 |     else: | 
 |         print() | 
 |         print('Locale settings after calling setlocale(LC_ALL, ""):') | 
 |         print('-'*72) | 
 |         for name,category in categories.items(): | 
 |             print(name, '...') | 
 |             lang, enc = getlocale(category) | 
 |             print('   Language: ', lang or '(undefined)') | 
 |             print('   Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)') | 
 |             print() | 
 |  | 
 | ### | 
 |  | 
 | try: | 
 |     LC_MESSAGES | 
 | except NameError: | 
 |     pass | 
 | else: | 
 |     __all__.append("LC_MESSAGES") | 
 |  | 
 | if __name__=='__main__': | 
 |     print('Locale aliasing:') | 
 |     print() | 
 |     _print_locale() | 
 |     print() | 
 |     print('Number formatting:') | 
 |     print() | 
 |     _test() |