bpo-26510: make argparse subparsers required by default (#3027)

This fixes a regression from Python 2.  To get optional subparsers,
use the new parameter ``add_subparsers(required=False)``.

Patch by Anthony Sottile.
diff --git a/Lib/argparse.py b/Lib/argparse.py
index d59e645..98bbed0 100644
--- a/Lib/argparse.py
+++ b/Lib/argparse.py
@@ -1066,6 +1066,7 @@
                  prog,
                  parser_class,
                  dest=SUPPRESS,
+                 required=True,
                  help=None,
                  metavar=None):
 
@@ -1079,6 +1080,7 @@
             dest=dest,
             nargs=PARSER,
             choices=self._name_parser_map,
+            required=required,
             help=help,
             metavar=metavar)
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_argparse.py b/Lib/test/test_argparse.py
index d8bcd73..c4440e4 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_argparse.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_argparse.py
@@ -1807,7 +1807,7 @@
             'bar', type=float, help='bar help')
 
         # check that only one subparsers argument can be added
-        subparsers_kwargs = {}
+        subparsers_kwargs = {'required': False}
         if aliases:
             subparsers_kwargs['metavar'] = 'COMMAND'
             subparsers_kwargs['title'] = 'commands'
@@ -1907,6 +1907,41 @@
         self.assertEqual(NS(foo=False, bar='1', baz='2'),
                          parser.parse_args('1 2'.split()))
 
+    def _test_required_subparsers(self, parser):
+        # Should parse the sub command
+        ret = parser.parse_args(['run'])
+        self.assertEqual(ret.command, 'run')
+
+        # Error when the command is missing
+        self.assertArgumentParserError(parser.parse_args, ())
+
+    def test_required_subparsers_via_attribute(self):
+        parser = ErrorRaisingArgumentParser()
+        subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command')
+        subparsers.required = True
+        subparsers.add_parser('run')
+        self._test_required_subparsers(parser)
+
+    def test_required_subparsers_via_kwarg(self):
+        parser = ErrorRaisingArgumentParser()
+        subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=True)
+        subparsers.add_parser('run')
+        self._test_required_subparsers(parser)
+
+    def test_required_subparsers_default(self):
+        parser = ErrorRaisingArgumentParser()
+        subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command')
+        subparsers.add_parser('run')
+        self._test_required_subparsers(parser)
+
+    def test_optional_subparsers(self):
+        parser = ErrorRaisingArgumentParser()
+        subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=False)
+        subparsers.add_parser('run')
+        # No error here
+        ret = parser.parse_args(())
+        self.assertIsNone(ret.command)
+
     def test_help(self):
         self.assertEqual(self.parser.format_usage(),
                          'usage: PROG [-h] [--foo] bar {1,2,3} ...\n')