diff --git a/Lib/test/test_weakref.py b/Lib/test/test_weakref.py
index 31e2c7f..75869a7 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_weakref.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_weakref.py
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@
 
         self.assertRaises(weakref.ReferenceError, check, ref1)
         self.assertRaises(weakref.ReferenceError, check, ref2)
+        self.assertRaises(weakref.ReferenceError, bool, weakref.proxy(C()))
         self.assert_(self.cbcalled == 2)
 
     def check_basic_ref(self, factory):
diff --git a/Objects/weakrefobject.c b/Objects/weakrefobject.c
index 572c224..54fe446 100644
--- a/Objects/weakrefobject.c
+++ b/Objects/weakrefobject.c
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@
 {
     PyObject *o = PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT(proxy);
     if (!proxy_checkref(proxy))
-        return 1;
+        return -1;
     if (o->ob_type->tp_as_number &&
         o->ob_type->tp_as_number->nb_nonzero)
         return (*o->ob_type->tp_as_number->nb_nonzero)(o);