bpo-36917: Add default implementation of ast.NodeVisitor.visit_Constant(). (GH-15490)

It emits a deprecation warning and calls corresponding method
visit_Num(), visit_Str(), etc.
diff --git a/Lib/ast.py b/Lib/ast.py
index ffeba17..1e639d1 100644
--- a/Lib/ast.py
+++ b/Lib/ast.py
@@ -360,6 +360,27 @@
             elif isinstance(value, AST):
                 self.visit(value)
 
+    def visit_Constant(self, node):
+        value = node.value
+        type_name = _const_node_type_names.get(type(value))
+        if type_name is None:
+            for cls, name in _const_node_type_names.items():
+                if isinstance(value, cls):
+                    type_name = name
+                    break
+        if type_name is not None:
+            method = 'visit_' + type_name
+            try:
+                visitor = getattr(self, method)
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                import warnings
+                warnings.warn(f"{method} is deprecated; add visit_Constant",
+                              DeprecationWarning, 2)
+                return visitor(node)
+        return self.generic_visit(node)
+
 
 class NodeTransformer(NodeVisitor):
     """
@@ -487,3 +508,13 @@
 _const_types_not = {
     Num: (bool,),
 }
+_const_node_type_names = {
+    bool: 'NameConstant',  # should be before int
+    type(None): 'NameConstant',
+    int: 'Num',
+    float: 'Num',
+    complex: 'Num',
+    str: 'Str',
+    bytes: 'Bytes',
+    type(...): 'Ellipsis',
+}
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_ast.py b/Lib/test/test_ast.py
index f35d9e6..3d12397 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_ast.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_ast.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import os
 import sys
 import unittest
+import warnings
 import weakref
 from textwrap import dedent
 
@@ -1662,6 +1663,56 @@
         self.assertEqual(ast.get_source_segment(s, cdef.body[0], padded=True), s_method)
 
 
+class NodeVisitorTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_old_constant_nodes(self):
+        class Visitor(ast.NodeVisitor):
+            def visit_Num(self, node):
+                log.append((node.lineno, 'Num', node.n))
+            def visit_Str(self, node):
+                log.append((node.lineno, 'Str', node.s))
+            def visit_Bytes(self, node):
+                log.append((node.lineno, 'Bytes', node.s))
+            def visit_NameConstant(self, node):
+                log.append((node.lineno, 'NameConstant', node.value))
+            def visit_Ellipsis(self, node):
+                log.append((node.lineno, 'Ellipsis', ...))
+        mod = ast.parse(dedent('''\
+            i = 42
+            f = 4.25
+            c = 4.25j
+            s = 'string'
+            b = b'bytes'
+            t = True
+            n = None
+            e = ...
+            '''))
+        visitor = Visitor()
+        log = []
+        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as wlog:
+            warnings.filterwarnings('always', '', DeprecationWarning)
+            visitor.visit(mod)
+        self.assertEqual(log, [
+            (1, 'Num', 42),
+            (2, 'Num', 4.25),
+            (3, 'Num', 4.25j),
+            (4, 'Str', 'string'),
+            (5, 'Bytes', b'bytes'),
+            (6, 'NameConstant', True),
+            (7, 'NameConstant', None),
+            (8, 'Ellipsis', ...),
+        ])
+        self.assertEqual([str(w.message) for w in wlog], [
+            'visit_Num is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+            'visit_Num is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+            'visit_Num is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+            'visit_Str is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+            'visit_Bytes is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+            'visit_NameConstant is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+            'visit_NameConstant is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+            'visit_Ellipsis is deprecated; add visit_Constant',
+        ])
+
+
 def main():
     if __name__ != '__main__':
         return