bpo-40910: Export Py_GetArgcArgv() function (GH-20721) (GH-20723)

Export explicitly the Py_GetArgcArgv() function to the C API and
document the function. Previously, it was exported implicitly which
no longer works since Python is built with -fvisibility=hidden.

* Add PyConfig._orig_argv member.
* Py_InitializeFromConfig() no longer calls _PyConfig_Write() twice.
* PyConfig_Read() no longer initializes Py_GetArgcArgv(): it is now
  _PyConfig_Write() responsibility.
* _PyConfig_Write() result type becomes PyStatus instead of void.
* Write an unit test on Py_GetArgcArgv().

(cherry picked from commit e81f6e687d0f04a45f2389d0b43fafd6d8491624)
diff --git a/PC/python3.def b/PC/python3.def
index 1521ac7..66d1595 100644
--- a/PC/python3.def
+++ b/PC/python3.def
@@ -734,6 +734,7 @@
   Py_FinalizeEx=python39.Py_FinalizeEx
   Py_GenericAlias=python39.Py_GenericAlias
   Py_GenericAliasType=python39.Py_GenericAliasType
+  Py_GetArgcArgv=python39.Py_GetArgcArgv
   Py_GetBuildInfo=python39.Py_GetBuildInfo
   Py_GetCompiler=python39.Py_GetCompiler
   Py_GetCopyright=python39.Py_GetCopyright