diff --git a/Lib/test/mapping_tests.py b/Lib/test/mapping_tests.py
index f446b39..d2b7a59 100644
--- a/Lib/test/mapping_tests.py
+++ b/Lib/test/mapping_tests.py
@@ -435,15 +435,13 @@
         self.assertEqual(dictlike().fromkeys('a'), {'a':None})
         self.assertTrue(dictlike.fromkeys('a').__class__ is dictlike)
         self.assertTrue(dictlike().fromkeys('a').__class__ is dictlike)
-        # FIXME: the following won't work with UserDict, because it's an old style class
-        # self.assertTrue(type(dictlike.fromkeys('a')) is dictlike)
+        self.assertTrue(type(dictlike.fromkeys('a')) is dictlike)
         class mydict(self.type2test):
             def __new__(cls):
                 return collections.UserDict()
         ud = mydict.fromkeys('ab')
         self.assertEqual(ud, {'a':None, 'b':None})
-        # FIXME: the following won't work with UserDict, because it's an old style class
-        # self.assertTrue(isinstance(ud, collections.UserDict))
+        self.assertIsInstance(ud, collections.UserDict)
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, dict.fromkeys)
 
         class Exc(Exception): pass
@@ -473,7 +471,7 @@
         self.assertEqual(d.copy(), {1:1, 2:2, 3:3})
         d = self._empty_mapping()
         self.assertEqual(d.copy(), d)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(d.copy(), d.__class__))
+        self.assertIsInstance(d.copy(), d.__class__)
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.copy, None)
 
     def test_get(self):
@@ -571,7 +569,7 @@
                 return collections.UserDict()
         ud = mydict.fromkeys('ab')
         self.assertEqual(ud, {'a':None, 'b':None})
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(ud, collections.UserDict))
+        self.assertIsInstance(ud, collections.UserDict)
 
     def test_pop(self):
         TestMappingProtocol.test_pop(self)
diff --git a/Lib/test/pickletester.py b/Lib/test/pickletester.py
index dc1d156..79407a6 100644
--- a/Lib/test/pickletester.py
+++ b/Lib/test/pickletester.py
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@
         x = dict.fromkeys(range(n))
         for proto in protocols:
             s = self.dumps(x, proto)
-            assert isinstance(s, bytes_types)
+            self.assertIsInstance(s, bytes_types)
             y = self.loads(s)
             self.assertEqual(x, y)
             num_setitems = count_opcode(pickle.SETITEMS, s)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_abc.py b/Lib/test/test_abc.py
index c3482d6..c9deb4b 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_abc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_abc.py
@@ -76,20 +76,20 @@
         b = B()
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, A), False)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, (A,)), False)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, A), False)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, (A,)), False)
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(b, A)
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(b, (A,))
         A.register(B)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, A), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, (A,)), True)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, A), True)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, (A,)), True)
+        self.assertIsInstance(b, A)
+        self.assertIsInstance(b, (A,))
         class C(B):
             pass
         c = C()
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(C, A), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(C, (A,)), True)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(c, A), True)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(c, (A,)), True)
+        self.assertIsInstance(c, A)
+        self.assertIsInstance(c, (A,))
 
     def test_isinstance_invalidation(self):
         class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@@ -107,16 +107,16 @@
         class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
             pass
         A.register(int)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, A), True)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, (A,)), True)
+        self.assertIsInstance(42, A)
+        self.assertIsInstance(42, (A,))
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, A), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, (A,)), True)
         class B(A):
             pass
         B.register(str)
         class C(str): pass
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance("", A), True)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance("", (A,)), True)
+        self.assertIsInstance("", A)
+        self.assertIsInstance("", (A,))
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(str, A), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(str, (A,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(C, A), True)
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@
             pass
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(MyInt, A))
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(MyInt, (A,)))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(42, A))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(42, (A,)))
+        self.assertIsInstance(42, A)
+        self.assertIsInstance(42, (A,))
 
     def test_all_new_methods_are_called(self):
         class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_array.py b/Lib/test/test_array.py
index 5e3e0e0..6ec9bb3 100755
--- a/Lib/test/test_array.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_array.py
@@ -201,10 +201,10 @@
         a = array.array(self.typecode, self.example)
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, a.buffer_info, 42)
         bi = a.buffer_info()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(bi, tuple))
+        self.assertIsInstance(bi, tuple)
         self.assertEqual(len(bi), 2)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(bi[0], int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(bi[1], int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(bi[0], int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(bi[1], int)
         self.assertEqual(bi[1], len(a))
 
     def test_byteswap(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_augassign.py b/Lib/test/test_augassign.py
index e1b6e27..3305308 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_augassign.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_augassign.py
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
         y = x
         x += 10
 
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, aug_test))
+        self.assertIsInstance(x, aug_test)
         self.assertTrue(y is not x)
         self.assertEquals(x.val, 11)
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
         y = x
         x += 10
 
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, aug_test3))
+        self.assertIsInstance(x, aug_test3)
         self.assertTrue(y is not x)
         self.assertEquals(x.val, 13)
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_bool.py b/Lib/test/test_bool.py
index 3a68dfc..9784f08 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_bool.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_bool.py
@@ -221,15 +221,15 @@
 
     def test_boolean(self):
         self.assertEqual(True & 1, 1)
-        self.assertTrue(not isinstance(True & 1, bool))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(True & 1, bool)
         self.assertIs(True & True, True)
 
         self.assertEqual(True | 1, 1)
-        self.assertTrue(not isinstance(True | 1, bool))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(True | 1, bool)
         self.assertIs(True | True, True)
 
         self.assertEqual(True ^ 1, 0)
-        self.assertTrue(not isinstance(True ^ 1, bool))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(True ^ 1, bool)
         self.assertIs(True ^ True, False)
 
     def test_fileclosed(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_bytes.py b/Lib/test/test_bytes.py
index f456226..73f7c02 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_bytes.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_bytes.py
@@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@
 
     def test_basic(self):
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(self.subclass2test, self.type2test))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.subclass2test(), self.type2test))
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.subclass2test(), self.type2test)
 
         a, b = b"abcd", b"efgh"
         _a, _b = self.subclass2test(a), self.subclass2test(b)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_codecs.py b/Lib/test/test_codecs.py
index d0bcf56..4b4d40c 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_codecs.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_codecs.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
             d = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(encoding)()
             part1 = d.decode(s[:i])
             state = d.getstate()
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(state[1], int))
+            self.assertIsInstance(state[1], int)
             # Check that the condition stated in the documentation for
             # IncrementalDecoder.getstate() holds
             if not state[1]:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_collections.py b/Lib/test/test_collections.py
index cadac99..2dc7157 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_collections.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_collections.py
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
         Point = namedtuple('Point', 'x y')
         p = Point(11, 22)
 
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(p, tuple))
+        self.assertIsInstance(p, tuple)
         self.assertEqual(p, (11, 22))                                       # matches a real tuple
         self.assertEqual(tuple(p), (11, 22))                                # coercable to a real tuple
         self.assertEqual(list(p), [11, 22])                                 # coercable to a list
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@
         # Check some non-hashables
         non_samples = [bytearray(), list(), set(), dict()]
         for x in non_samples:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(x, Hashable), repr(x))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Hashable)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Hashable), repr(type(x)))
         # Check some hashables
         samples = [None,
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
                    int, list, object, type, bytes()
                    ]
         for x in samples:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, Hashable), repr(x))
+            self.assertIsInstance(x, Hashable)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Hashable), repr(type(x)))
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, Hashable)
         # Check direct subclassing
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@
         # Check some non-iterables
         non_samples = [None, 42, 3.14, 1j]
         for x in non_samples:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(x, Iterable), repr(x))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Iterable)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Iterable), repr(type(x)))
         # Check some iterables
         samples = [bytes(), str(),
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@
                    (x for x in []),
                    ]
         for x in samples:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, Iterable), repr(x))
+            self.assertIsInstance(x, Iterable)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Iterable), repr(type(x)))
         # Check direct subclassing
         class I(Iterable):
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
     def test_Iterator(self):
         non_samples = [None, 42, 3.14, 1j, b"", "", (), [], {}, set()]
         for x in non_samples:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(x, Iterator), repr(x))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Iterator)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Iterator), repr(type(x)))
         samples = [iter(bytes()), iter(str()),
                    iter(tuple()), iter(list()), iter(dict()),
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
                    (x for x in []),
                    ]
         for x in samples:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, Iterator), repr(x))
+            self.assertIsInstance(x, Iterator)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Iterator), repr(type(x)))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(Iterator, '__next__')
 
@@ -305,14 +305,14 @@
                        (x for x in []),
                        ]
         for x in non_samples:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(x, Sized), repr(x))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Sized)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Sized), repr(type(x)))
         samples = [bytes(), str(),
                    tuple(), list(), set(), frozenset(), dict(),
                    dict().keys(), dict().items(), dict().values(),
                    ]
         for x in samples:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, Sized), repr(x))
+            self.assertIsInstance(x, Sized)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Sized), repr(type(x)))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(Sized, '__len__')
 
@@ -322,14 +322,14 @@
                        (x for x in []),
                        ]
         for x in non_samples:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(x, Container), repr(x))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Container)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Container), repr(type(x)))
         samples = [bytes(), str(),
                    tuple(), list(), set(), frozenset(), dict(),
                    dict().keys(), dict().items(),
                    ]
         for x in samples:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, Container), repr(x))
+            self.assertIsInstance(x, Container)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Container), repr(type(x)))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(Container, '__contains__')
 
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@
                        (x for x in []),
                        ]
         for x in non_samples:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(x, Callable), repr(x))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(x, Callable)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(x), Callable), repr(type(x)))
         samples = [lambda: None,
                    type, int, object,
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
                    list.append, [].append,
                    ]
         for x in samples:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, Callable), repr(x))
+            self.assertIsInstance(x, Callable)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(x), Callable), repr(type(x)))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(Callable, '__call__')
 
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@
 
     def test_Set(self):
         for sample in [set, frozenset]:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(sample(), Set))
+            self.assertIsInstance(sample(), Set)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(sample, Set))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(Set, '__contains__', '__iter__', '__len__')
 
@@ -415,9 +415,9 @@
         self.assertTrue(hash(a) == hash(b))
 
     def test_MutableSet(self):
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(set(), MutableSet))
+        self.assertIsInstance(set(), MutableSet)
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(set, MutableSet))
-        self.assertFalse(isinstance(frozenset(), MutableSet))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(frozenset(), MutableSet)
         self.assertFalse(issubclass(frozenset, MutableSet))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(MutableSet, '__contains__', '__iter__', '__len__',
             'add', 'discard')
@@ -457,23 +457,23 @@
 
     def test_Mapping(self):
         for sample in [dict]:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(sample(), Mapping))
+            self.assertIsInstance(sample(), Mapping)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(sample, Mapping))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(Mapping, '__contains__', '__iter__', '__len__',
             '__getitem__')
 
     def test_MutableMapping(self):
         for sample in [dict]:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(sample(), MutableMapping))
+            self.assertIsInstance(sample(), MutableMapping)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(sample, MutableMapping))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(MutableMapping, '__contains__', '__iter__', '__len__',
             '__getitem__', '__setitem__', '__delitem__')
 
     def test_Sequence(self):
         for sample in [tuple, list, bytes, str]:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(sample(), Sequence))
+            self.assertIsInstance(sample(), Sequence)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(sample, Sequence))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(range(10), Sequence))
+        self.assertIsInstance(range(10), Sequence)
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(range, Sequence))
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(str, Sequence))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(Sequence, '__contains__', '__iter__', '__len__',
@@ -481,20 +481,20 @@
 
     def test_ByteString(self):
         for sample in [bytes, bytearray]:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(sample(), ByteString))
+            self.assertIsInstance(sample(), ByteString)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(sample, ByteString))
         for sample in [str, list, tuple]:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(sample(), ByteString))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(sample(), ByteString)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(sample, ByteString))
-        self.assertFalse(isinstance(memoryview(b""), ByteString))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(memoryview(b""), ByteString)
         self.assertFalse(issubclass(memoryview, ByteString))
 
     def test_MutableSequence(self):
         for sample in [tuple, str, bytes]:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(sample(), MutableSequence))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(sample(), MutableSequence)
             self.assertFalse(issubclass(sample, MutableSequence))
         for sample in [list, bytearray]:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(sample(), MutableSequence))
+            self.assertIsInstance(sample(), MutableSequence)
             self.assertTrue(issubclass(sample, MutableSequence))
         self.assertFalse(issubclass(str, MutableSequence))
         self.validate_abstract_methods(MutableSequence, '__contains__', '__iter__',
@@ -506,8 +506,8 @@
         c = Counter('abcaba')
         self.assertEqual(c, Counter({'a':3 , 'b': 2, 'c': 1}))
         self.assertEqual(c, Counter(a=3, b=2, c=1))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(c, dict))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(c, Mapping))
+        self.assertIsInstance(c, dict)
+        self.assertIsInstance(c, Mapping)
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(Counter, dict))
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(Counter, Mapping))
         self.assertEqual(len(c), 3)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_compile.py b/Lib/test/test_compile.py
index cd74052..1de9027 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_compile.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_compile.py
@@ -192,8 +192,8 @@
             self.fail("How many bits *does* this machine have???")
         # Verify treatment of contant folding on -(sys.maxsize+1)
         # i.e. -2147483648 on 32 bit platforms.  Should return int, not long.
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(eval("%s" % (-sys.maxsize - 1)), int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(eval("%s" % (-sys.maxsize - 2)), int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(eval("%s" % (-sys.maxsize - 1)), int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(eval("%s" % (-sys.maxsize - 2)), int)
 
     if sys.maxsize == 9223372036854775807:
         def test_32_63_bit_values(self):
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
 
             for variable in self.test_32_63_bit_values.__code__.co_consts:
                 if variable is not None:
-                    self.assertTrue(isinstance(variable, int))
+                    self.assertIsInstance(variable, int)
 
     def test_sequence_unpacking_error(self):
         # Verify sequence packing/unpacking with "or".  SF bug #757818
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_datetime.py b/Lib/test/test_datetime.py
index 658b390..4818482 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_datetime.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_datetime.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
                 self.__name = name
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(NotEnough, tzinfo))
         ne = NotEnough(3, "NotByALongShot")
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(ne, tzinfo))
+        self.assertIsInstance(ne, tzinfo)
 
         dt = datetime.now()
         self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, ne.tzname, dt)
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 
     def test_normal(self):
         fo = FixedOffset(3, "Three")
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(fo, tzinfo))
+        self.assertIsInstance(fo, tzinfo)
         for dt in datetime.now(), None:
             self.assertEqual(fo.utcoffset(dt), timedelta(minutes=3))
             self.assertEqual(fo.tzname(dt), "Three")
@@ -109,14 +109,14 @@
         # Make sure we can pickle/unpickle an instance of a subclass.
         offset = timedelta(minutes=-300)
         orig = PicklableFixedOffset(offset, 'cookie')
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(orig, tzinfo))
+        self.assertIsInstance(orig, tzinfo)
         self.assertTrue(type(orig) is PicklableFixedOffset)
         self.assertEqual(orig.utcoffset(None), offset)
         self.assertEqual(orig.tzname(None), 'cookie')
         for pickler, unpickler, proto in pickle_choices:
             green = pickler.dumps(orig, proto)
             derived = unpickler.loads(green)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(derived, tzinfo))
+            self.assertIsInstance(derived, tzinfo)
             self.assertTrue(type(derived) is PicklableFixedOffset)
             self.assertEqual(derived.utcoffset(None), offset)
             self.assertEqual(derived.tzname(None), 'cookie')
@@ -382,9 +382,9 @@
             self.assertEqual(td, td2)
 
     def test_resolution_info(self):
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(timedelta.min, timedelta))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(timedelta.max, timedelta))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(timedelta.resolution, timedelta))
+        self.assertIsInstance(timedelta.min, timedelta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(timedelta.max, timedelta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(timedelta.resolution, timedelta)
         self.assertTrue(timedelta.max > timedelta.min)
         self.assertEqual(timedelta.min, timedelta(-999999999))
         self.assertEqual(timedelta.max, timedelta(999999999, 24*3600-1, 1e6-1))
@@ -895,9 +895,9 @@
             self.assertEqual(b.__format__(fmt), 'B')
 
     def test_resolution_info(self):
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.theclass.min, self.theclass))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.theclass.max, self.theclass))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.theclass.resolution, timedelta))
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.theclass.min, self.theclass)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.theclass.max, self.theclass)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.theclass.resolution, timedelta)
         self.assertTrue(self.theclass.max > self.theclass.min)
 
     def test_extreme_timedelta(self):
@@ -1881,9 +1881,9 @@
                          "%s(23, 15)" % name)
 
     def test_resolution_info(self):
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.theclass.min, self.theclass))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.theclass.max, self.theclass))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.theclass.resolution, timedelta))
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.theclass.min, self.theclass)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.theclass.max, self.theclass)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.theclass.resolution, timedelta)
         self.assertTrue(self.theclass.max > self.theclass.min)
 
     def test_pickling(self):
@@ -2251,7 +2251,7 @@
             green = pickler.dumps(orig, proto)
             derived = unpickler.loads(green)
             self.assertEqual(orig, derived)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(derived.tzinfo, PicklableFixedOffset))
+            self.assertIsInstance(derived.tzinfo, PicklableFixedOffset)
             self.assertEqual(derived.utcoffset(), timedelta(minutes=-300))
             self.assertEqual(derived.tzname(), 'cookie')
 
@@ -2478,8 +2478,7 @@
             green = pickler.dumps(orig, proto)
             derived = unpickler.loads(green)
             self.assertEqual(orig, derived)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(derived.tzinfo,
-                            PicklableFixedOffset))
+            self.assertIsInstance(derived.tzinfo, PicklableFixedOffset)
             self.assertEqual(derived.utcoffset(), timedelta(minutes=-300))
             self.assertEqual(derived.tzname(), 'cookie')
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_decimal.py b/Lib/test/test_decimal.py
index cafcf0b..42fc519 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_decimal.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_decimal.py
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@
 
         # from int
         d = nc.create_decimal(456)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(d, Decimal))
+        self.assertIsInstance(d, Decimal)
         self.assertEqual(nc.create_decimal(45678),
                          nc.create_decimal('457E+2'))
 
@@ -1579,8 +1579,8 @@
     def test_abc(self):
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(Decimal, numbers.Number))
         self.assertTrue(not issubclass(Decimal, numbers.Real))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(Decimal(0), numbers.Number))
-        self.assertTrue(not isinstance(Decimal(0), numbers.Real))
+        self.assertIsInstance(Decimal(0), numbers.Number)
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(Decimal(0), numbers.Real)
 
     def test_pickle(self):
         d = Decimal('-3.141590000')
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_descr.py b/Lib/test/test_descr.py
index 797b887..48cdae8 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_descr.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_descr.py
@@ -384,11 +384,11 @@
     def test_python_dicts(self):
         # Testing Python subclass of dict...
         self.assertTrue(issubclass(dict, dict))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance({}, dict))
+        self.assertIsInstance({}, dict)
         d = dict()
         self.assertEqual(d, {})
         self.assertTrue(d.__class__ is dict)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(d, dict))
+        self.assertIsInstance(d, dict)
         class C(dict):
             state = -1
             def __init__(self_local, *a, **kw):
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@
             def __getitem__(self, key):
                 return self.get(key, 0)
             def __setitem__(self_local, key, value):
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(key, type(0)))
+                self.assertIsInstance(key, type(0))
                 dict.__setitem__(self_local, key, value)
             def setstate(self, state):
                 self.state = state
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@
         MyABC.register(Unrelated)
 
         u = Unrelated()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(u, MyABC))
+        self.assertIsInstance(u, MyABC)
 
         # This used to crash
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, MyABC.a.__set__, u, 3)
@@ -1781,7 +1781,7 @@
         self.assertFalse(hasattr(a, "x"))
 
         raw = C.__dict__['x']
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(raw, property))
+        self.assertIsInstance(raw, property)
 
         attrs = dir(raw)
         self.assertIn("__doc__", attrs)
@@ -3407,10 +3407,10 @@
         d = D(None)
         self.assertEqual(d.foo, None)
         d = C(1)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(d, D), True)
+        self.assertIsInstance(d, D)
         self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1)
         d = D(1)
-        self.assertEqual(isinstance(d, D), True)
+        self.assertIsInstance(d, D)
         self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1)
 
     def test_imul_bug(self):
@@ -3902,29 +3902,29 @@
             pass
         a = C()
         pa = Proxy(a)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(a, C))  # Baseline
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(pa, C)) # Test
+        self.assertIsInstance(a, C)  # Baseline
+        self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test
         # Test with a classic subclass
         class D(C):
             pass
         a = D()
         pa = Proxy(a)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(a, C))  # Baseline
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(pa, C)) # Test
+        self.assertIsInstance(a, C)  # Baseline
+        self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test
         # Test with a new-style class
         class C(object):
             pass
         a = C()
         pa = Proxy(a)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(a, C))  # Baseline
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(pa, C)) # Test
+        self.assertIsInstance(a, C)  # Baseline
+        self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test
         # Test with a new-style subclass
         class D(C):
             pass
         a = D()
         pa = Proxy(a)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(a, C))  # Baseline
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(pa, C)) # Test
+        self.assertIsInstance(a, C)  # Baseline
+        self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test
 
     def test_proxy_super(self):
         # Testing super() for a proxy object...
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_dict.py b/Lib/test/test_dict.py
index c04d700..17c7581 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_dict.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_dict.py
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@
                 return collections.UserDict()
         ud = mydict.fromkeys('ab')
         self.assertEqual(ud, {'a':None, 'b':None})
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(ud, collections.UserDict))
+        self.assertIsInstance(ud, collections.UserDict)
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, dict.fromkeys)
 
         class Exc(Exception): pass
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_dummy_thread.py b/Lib/test/test_dummy_thread.py
index 240b61a..c61078d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_dummy_thread.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_dummy_thread.py
@@ -92,16 +92,16 @@
 
     def test_ident(self):
         #Test sanity of _thread.get_ident()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(_thread.get_ident(), int),
-                        "_thread.get_ident() returned a non-integer")
+        self.assertIsInstance(_thread.get_ident(), int,
+                              "_thread.get_ident() returned a non-integer")
         self.assertTrue(_thread.get_ident() != 0,
                         "_thread.get_ident() returned 0")
 
     def test_LockType(self):
         #Make sure _thread.LockType is the same type as _thread.allocate_locke()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(_thread.allocate_lock(), _thread.LockType),
-                        "_thread.LockType is not an instance of what is "
-                         "returned by _thread.allocate_lock()")
+        self.assertIsInstance(_thread.allocate_lock(), _thread.LockType,
+                              "_thread.LockType is not an instance of what "
+                              "is returned by _thread.allocate_lock()")
 
     def test_interrupt_main(self):
         #Calling start_new_thread with a function that executes interrupt_main
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py b/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py
index e9c2c4f..b2dcd8d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py
@@ -319,18 +319,18 @@
             tb = sys.exc_info()[2]
 
         e = BaseException().with_traceback(tb)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, BaseException))
+        self.assertIsInstance(e, BaseException)
         self.assertEqual(e.__traceback__, tb)
 
         e = IndexError(5).with_traceback(tb)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, IndexError))
+        self.assertIsInstance(e, IndexError)
         self.assertEqual(e.__traceback__, tb)
 
         class MyException(Exception):
             pass
 
         e = MyException().with_traceback(tb)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, MyException))
+        self.assertIsInstance(e, MyException)
         self.assertEqual(e.__traceback__, tb)
 
     def testInvalidTraceback(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py b/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py
index a4ce8e1..2ed1e5f 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_ftplib.py
@@ -592,36 +592,36 @@
         self.server.stop()
 
     def test_control_connection(self):
-        self.assertFalse(isinstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket)
         self.client.auth()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket))
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket)
 
     def test_data_connection(self):
         # clear text
         sock = self.client.transfercmd('list')
-        self.assertFalse(isinstance(sock, ssl.SSLSocket))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(sock, ssl.SSLSocket)
         sock.close()
         self.client.voidresp()
 
         # secured, after PROT P
         self.client.prot_p()
         sock = self.client.transfercmd('list')
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sock, ssl.SSLSocket))
+        self.assertIsInstance(sock, ssl.SSLSocket)
         sock.close()
         self.client.voidresp()
 
         # PROT C is issued, the connection must be in cleartext again
         self.client.prot_c()
         sock = self.client.transfercmd('list')
-        self.assertFalse(isinstance(sock, ssl.SSLSocket))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(sock, ssl.SSLSocket)
         sock.close()
         self.client.voidresp()
 
     def test_login(self):
         # login() is supposed to implicitly secure the control connection
-        self.assertFalse(isinstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket))
+        self.assertNotIsInstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket)
         self.client.login()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket))
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.client.sock, ssl.SSLSocket)
         # make sure that AUTH TLS doesn't get issued again
         self.client.login()
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_funcattrs.py b/Lib/test/test_funcattrs.py
index 4ddd254..4d19368 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_funcattrs.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_funcattrs.py
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
         a = 12
         def f(): print(a)
         c = f.__closure__
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(c, tuple))
+        self.assertIsInstance(c, tuple)
         self.assertEqual(len(c), 1)
         # don't have a type object handy
         self.assertEqual(c[0].__class__.__name__, "cell")
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_future.py b/Lib/test/test_future.py
index 1cede70..c6689a1 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_future.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_future.py
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
     def test_unicode_literals_exec(self):
         scope = {}
         exec("from __future__ import unicode_literals; x = ''", {}, scope)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(scope["x"], str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(scope["x"], str)
 
 
 def test_main():
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_future5.py b/Lib/test/test_future5.py
index 57cbe9f..9ca3a36 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_future5.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_future5.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 class TestMultipleFeatures(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_unicode_literals(self):
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance("", str))
+        self.assertIsInstance("", str)
 
     def test_print_function(self):
         with support.captured_output("stderr") as s:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_grp.py b/Lib/test/test_grp.py
index 765b4b6..dafd905 100755
--- a/Lib/test/test_grp.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_grp.py
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
         # attributes promised by the docs
         self.assertEqual(len(value), 4)
         self.assertEqual(value[0], value.gr_name)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(value.gr_name, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(value.gr_name, str)
         self.assertEqual(value[1], value.gr_passwd)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(value.gr_passwd, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(value.gr_passwd, str)
         self.assertEqual(value[2], value.gr_gid)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(value.gr_gid, int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(value.gr_gid, int)
         self.assertEqual(value[3], value.gr_mem)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(value.gr_mem, list))
+        self.assertIsInstance(value.gr_mem, list)
 
     def test_values(self):
         entries = grp.getgrall()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_hash.py b/Lib/test/test_hash.py
index 569e5e0..fea1025 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_hash.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_hash.py
@@ -91,11 +91,11 @@
         objects = (self.default_expected +
                    self.fixed_expected)
         for obj in objects:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(obj, Hashable), repr(obj))
+            self.assertIsInstance(obj, Hashable)
 
     def test_not_hashable(self):
         for obj in self.error_expected:
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(obj, Hashable), repr(obj))
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(obj, Hashable)
 
 
 # Issue #4701: Check that some builtin types are correctly hashable
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_int.py b/Lib/test/test_int.py
index ab463a0..0ea5772 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_int.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_int.py
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@
         s = repr(-1-sys.maxsize)
         x = int(s)
         self.assertEqual(x+1, -sys.maxsize)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, int))
-        # should return long
+        self.assertIsInstance(x, int)
+        # should return int
         self.assertEqual(int(s[1:]), sys.maxsize+1)
 
-        # should return long
+        # should return int
         x = int(1e100)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(x, int)
         x = int(-1e100)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(x, int)
 
 
         # SF bug 434186:  0x80000000/2 != 0x80000000>>1.
@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@
         self.assertRaises(ValueError, int, '123\x00 245', 20)
 
         x = int('1' * 600)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(x, int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(x, int)
+
 
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, int, 1, 12)
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_io.py b/Lib/test/test_io.py
index 2f76fed..fd7f404 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_io.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_io.py
@@ -2351,27 +2351,27 @@
 
     def test_abcs(self):
         # Test the visible base classes are ABCs.
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.IOBase, abc.ABCMeta))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.RawIOBase, abc.ABCMeta))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.BufferedIOBase, abc.ABCMeta))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.TextIOBase, abc.ABCMeta))
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.IOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.RawIOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.BufferedIOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.TextIOBase, abc.ABCMeta)
 
     def _check_abc_inheritance(self, abcmodule):
         with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb", buffering=0) as f:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase))
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase))
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase))
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase)
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase)
         with self.open(support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase))
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase))
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase))
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase)
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase)
         with self.open(support.TESTFN, "w") as f:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase))
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase))
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase))
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.IOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.RawIOBase)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(f, abcmodule.BufferedIOBase)
+            self.assertIsInstance(f, abcmodule.TextIOBase)
 
     def test_abc_inheritance(self):
         # Test implementations inherit from their respective ABCs
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_mailbox.py b/Lib/test/test_mailbox.py
index 9a43f88..83f34c7 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_mailbox.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_mailbox.py
@@ -21,16 +21,16 @@
 
     def _check_sample(self, msg):
         # Inspect a mailbox.Message representation of the sample message
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg, email.message.Message))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg, mailbox.Message))
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg, email.message.Message)
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg, mailbox.Message)
         for key, value in _sample_headers.items():
             self.assertIn(value, msg.get_all(key))
         self.assertTrue(msg.is_multipart())
         self.assertEqual(len(msg.get_payload()), len(_sample_payloads))
         for i, payload in enumerate(_sample_payloads):
             part = msg.get_payload(i)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(part, email.message.Message))
-            self.assertFalse(isinstance(part, mailbox.Message))
+            self.assertIsInstance(part, email.message.Message)
+            self.assertNotIsInstance(part, mailbox.Message)
             self.assertEqual(part.get_payload(), payload)
 
     def _delete_recursively(self, target):
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
         key0 = self._box.add(self._template % 0)
         key1 = self._box.add(_sample_message)
         msg0 = self._box.get_message(key0)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg0, mailbox.Message))
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg0, mailbox.Message)
         self.assertEqual(msg0['from'], 'foo')
         self.assertEqual(msg0.get_payload(), '0')
         self._check_sample(self._box.get_message(key1))
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@
         msg.set_flags('RF')
         key = self._box.add(msg)
         msg_returned = self._box.get_message(key)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg_returned, mailbox.MaildirMessage))
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg_returned, mailbox.MaildirMessage)
         self.assertEqual(msg_returned.get_subdir(), 'cur')
         self.assertEqual(msg_returned.get_flags(), 'FR')
 
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@
         box = mailbox.Maildir(self._path, factory=FakeMessage)
         box.colon = self._box.colon
         msg2 = box.get_message(key)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg2, FakeMessage))
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg2, FakeMessage)
 
     def test_initialize_new(self):
         # Initialize a non-existent mailbox
@@ -1082,9 +1082,9 @@
         # Initialize without arguments
         msg = self._factory()
         self._post_initialize_hook(msg)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg, email.message.Message))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg, mailbox.Message))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(msg, self._factory))
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg, email.message.Message)
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg, mailbox.Message)
+        self.assertIsInstance(msg, self._factory)
         self.assertEqual(msg.keys(), [])
         self.assertFalse(msg.is_multipart())
         self.assertEqual(msg.get_payload(), None)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_memoryio.py b/Lib/test/test_memoryio.py
index 6ab8328..9777631 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_memoryio.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_memoryio.py
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@
         state = memio.__getstate__()
         self.assertEqual(len(state), 3)
         bytearray(state[0]) # Check if state[0] supports the buffer interface.
-        self.assert_(isinstance(state[1], int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(state[1], int)
         self.assert_(isinstance(state[2], dict) or state[2] is None)
         memio.close()
         self.assertRaises(ValueError, memio.__getstate__)
@@ -667,9 +667,9 @@
         memio = self.ioclass()
         state = memio.__getstate__()
         self.assertEqual(len(state), 4)
-        self.assert_(isinstance(state[0], str))
-        self.assert_(isinstance(state[1], str))
-        self.assert_(isinstance(state[2], int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(state[0], str)
+        self.assertIsInstance(state[1], str)
+        self.assertIsInstance(state[2], int)
         self.assert_(isinstance(state[3], dict) or state[3] is None)
         memio.close()
         self.assertRaises(ValueError, memio.__getstate__)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_memoryview.py b/Lib/test/test_memoryview.py
index abda678..95071b5 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_memoryview.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_memoryview.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
         oldrefcount = sys.getrefcount(b)
         m = self._view(b)
         self.assertEquals(m[0], item(b"a"))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(m[0], bytes), type(m[0]))
+        self.assertIsInstance(m[0], bytes)
         self.assertEquals(m[5], item(b"f"))
         self.assertEquals(m[-1], item(b"f"))
         self.assertEquals(m[-6], item(b"a"))
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
             expected = b"".join(
                 self.getitem_type(bytes([c])) for c in b"abcdef")
             self.assertEquals(b, expected)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(b, bytes), type(b))
+            self.assertIsInstance(b, bytes)
 
     def test_tolist(self):
         for tp in self._types:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py b/Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py
index 5b5119b..b65fbf7 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 
         self.assertTrue(current.is_alive())
         self.assertTrue(not current.daemon)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(authkey, bytes))
+        self.assertIsInstance(authkey, bytes)
         self.assertTrue(len(authkey) > 0)
         self.assertEqual(current.ident, os.getpid())
         self.assertEqual(current.exitcode, None)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_ntpath.py b/Lib/test/test_ntpath.py
index 4a7a48b..94a7d9e 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_ntpath.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_ntpath.py
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@
         tester("ntpath.normpath('C:////a/b')", r'C:\a\b')
         tester("ntpath.normpath('//machine/share//a/b')", r'\\machine\share\a\b')
 
+
     def test_expandvars(self):
         with support.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env:
             env.clear()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_opcodes.py b/Lib/test/test_opcodes.py
index 8b7fd9e..bd123b2 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_opcodes.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_opcodes.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 
         try:  raise DClass(a)
         except DClass as v:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(v, DClass))
+            self.assertIsInstance(v, DClass)
         else:
             self.fail("no exception")
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_optparse.py b/Lib/test/test_optparse.py
index cdbbc9d..87a6427 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_optparse.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_optparse.py
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@
 
     def test_get_option(self):
         opt1 = self.parser.get_option("-v")
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(opt1, Option))
+        self.assertIsInstance(opt1, Option)
         self.assertEqual(opt1._short_opts, ["-v", "-n"])
         self.assertEqual(opt1._long_opts, ["--verbose", "--noisy"])
         self.assertEqual(opt1.action, "store_true")
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_parser.py b/Lib/test/test_parser.py
index 10d6fe2..9948bd6 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_parser.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_parser.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
         code = suite.compile()
         scope = {}
         exec(code, {}, scope)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(scope["x"], str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(scope["x"], str)
 
     def check_suite(self, s):
         self.roundtrip(parser.suite, s)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_posix.py b/Lib/test/test_posix.py
index 87c63ad..01cd044 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_posix.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_posix.py
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
             fp = open(support.TESTFN)
             try:
                 fd = posix.dup(fp.fileno())
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(fd, int))
+                self.assertIsInstance(fd, int)
                 os.close(fd)
             finally:
                 fp.close()
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@
     def test_umask(self):
         if hasattr(posix, 'umask'):
             old_mask = posix.umask(0)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(old_mask, int))
+            self.assertIsInstance(old_mask, int)
             posix.umask(old_mask)
 
     def test_strerror(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py b/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py
index 9d037e1..f2277c9 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py
@@ -402,8 +402,8 @@
         except ImportError:
             pass
         else:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(posixpath.expanduser("~/"), str))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(posixpath.expanduser(b"~/"), bytes))
+            self.assertIsInstance(posixpath.expanduser("~/"), str)
+            self.assertIsInstance(posixpath.expanduser(b"~/"), bytes)
             # if home directory == root directory, this test makes no sense
             if posixpath.expanduser("~") != '/':
                 self.assertEqual(
@@ -414,10 +414,10 @@
                     posixpath.expanduser(b"~") + b"/",
                     posixpath.expanduser(b"~/")
                 )
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(posixpath.expanduser("~root/"), str))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(posixpath.expanduser("~foo/"), str))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(posixpath.expanduser(b"~root/"), bytes))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(posixpath.expanduser(b"~foo/"), bytes))
+            self.assertIsInstance(posixpath.expanduser("~root/"), str)
+            self.assertIsInstance(posixpath.expanduser("~foo/"), str)
+            self.assertIsInstance(posixpath.expanduser(b"~root/"), bytes)
+            self.assertIsInstance(posixpath.expanduser(b"~foo/"), bytes)
 
             with support.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env:
                 env['HOME'] = '/'
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_pwd.py b/Lib/test/test_pwd.py
index 51be9e5..95058c0 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_pwd.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_pwd.py
@@ -13,19 +13,19 @@
         for e in entries:
             self.assertEqual(len(e), 7)
             self.assertEqual(e[0], e.pw_name)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.pw_name, str))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.pw_name, str)
             self.assertEqual(e[1], e.pw_passwd)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.pw_passwd, str))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.pw_passwd, str)
             self.assertEqual(e[2], e.pw_uid)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.pw_uid, int))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.pw_uid, int)
             self.assertEqual(e[3], e.pw_gid)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.pw_gid, int))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.pw_gid, int)
             self.assertEqual(e[4], e.pw_gecos)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.pw_gecos, str))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.pw_gecos, str)
             self.assertEqual(e[5], e.pw_dir)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.pw_dir, str))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.pw_dir, str)
             self.assertEqual(e[6], e.pw_shell)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.pw_shell, str))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.pw_shell, str)
 
             # The following won't work, because of duplicate entries
             # for one uid
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_pyclbr.py b/Lib/test/test_pyclbr.py
index f1cb51f..d21f88f 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_pyclbr.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_pyclbr.py
@@ -84,12 +84,12 @@
             self.assertHasattr(module, name, ignore)
             py_item = getattr(module, name)
             if isinstance(value, pyclbr.Function):
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(py_item, (FunctionType, BuiltinFunctionType)))
+                self.assertIsInstance(py_item, (FunctionType, BuiltinFunctionType))
                 if py_item.__module__ != moduleName:
                     continue   # skip functions that came from somewhere else
                 self.assertEquals(py_item.__module__, value.module)
             else:
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(py_item, type))
+                self.assertIsInstance(py_item, type)
                 if py_item.__module__ != moduleName:
                     continue   # skip classes that came from somewhere else
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_raise.py b/Lib/test/test_raise.py
index 033df3b..d120dc1 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_raise.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_raise.py
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
         try:
             raise IndexError from KeyError
         except IndexError as e:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__cause__, KeyError))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__cause__, KeyError)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@
         try:
             raise IndexError()
         except IndexError as e:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__traceback__, types.TracebackType))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__traceback__, types.TracebackType)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
                 raise OSError()
         except OSError as e:
             self.assertNotEqual(e.__context__, context)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, context))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, context)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@
                 raise OSError
         except OSError as e:
             self.assertNotEqual(e.__context__, context)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, context))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, context)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
             except:
                 raise OSError
         except OSError as e:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
             except:
                 xyzzy
         except NameError as e:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@
             finally:
                 raise OSError
         except OSError as e:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@
             with ContextManager():
                 1/0
         except NameError as e:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError))
+            self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, ZeroDivisionError)
         else:
             self.fail("No exception raised")
 
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
                     del g
                     raise KeyError
             except Exception as e:
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, ValueError))
+                self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, ValueError)
 
         f()
 
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
                     raise TypeError
             except Exception as e:
                 self.assertNotEqual(e.__context__, None)
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(e.__context__, AttributeError))
+                self.assertIsInstance(e.__context__, AttributeError)
 
         with support.captured_output("stderr"):
             f()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_sys.py b/Lib/test/test_sys.py
index 4f2a0b7..a4e646f 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_sys.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_sys.py
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
     def test_getdefaultencoding(self):
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sys.getdefaultencoding, 42)
         # can't check more than the type, as the user might have changed it
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.getdefaultencoding(), str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.getdefaultencoding(), str)
 
     # testing sys.settrace() is done in test_trace.py
     # testing sys.setprofile() is done in test_profile.py
@@ -227,13 +227,13 @@
     def test_getwindowsversion(self):
         if hasattr(sys, "getwindowsversion"):
             v = sys.getwindowsversion()
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(v, tuple))
+            self.assertIsInstance(v, tuple)
             self.assertEqual(len(v), 5)
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(v[0], int))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(v[1], int))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(v[2], int))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(v[3], int))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(v[4], str))
+            self.assertIsInstance(v[0], int)
+            self.assertIsInstance(v[1], int)
+            self.assertIsInstance(v[2], int)
+            self.assertIsInstance(v[3], int)
+            self.assertIsInstance(v[4], str)
 
     def test_call_tracing(self):
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sys.call_tracing, type, 2)
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@
         del n
         self.assertEqual(sys.getrefcount(None), c)
         if hasattr(sys, "gettotalrefcount"):
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.gettotalrefcount(), int))
+            self.assertIsInstance(sys.gettotalrefcount(), int)
 
     def test_getframe(self):
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, sys._getframe, 42, 42)
@@ -357,13 +357,13 @@
         self.assertTrue(d[0] is sys._getframe())
 
     def test_attributes(self):
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.api_version, int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.argv, list))
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.api_version, int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.argv, list)
         self.assertIn(sys.byteorder, ("little", "big"))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.builtin_module_names, tuple))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.copyright, str))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.exec_prefix, str))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.executable, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.builtin_module_names, tuple)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.copyright, str)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.exec_prefix, str)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.executable, str)
         self.assertEqual(len(sys.float_info), 11)
         self.assertEqual(sys.float_info.radix, 2)
         self.assertEqual(len(sys.int_info), 2)
@@ -371,25 +371,25 @@
         self.assertTrue(sys.int_info.sizeof_digit >= 1)
         self.assertEqual(type(sys.int_info.bits_per_digit), int)
         self.assertEqual(type(sys.int_info.sizeof_digit), int)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.hexversion, int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.maxsize, int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.maxunicode, int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.platform, str))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.prefix, str))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(sys.version, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.hexversion, int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.maxsize, int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.maxunicode, int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.platform, str)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.prefix, str)
+        self.assertIsInstance(sys.version, str)
         vi = sys.version_info
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi[:], tuple))
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi[:], tuple)
         self.assertEqual(len(vi), 5)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi[0], int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi[1], int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi[2], int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi[0], int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi[1], int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi[2], int)
         self.assertIn(vi[3], ("alpha", "beta", "candidate", "final"))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi[4], int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi.major, int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi.minor, int))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi.micro, int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi[4], int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi.major, int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi.minor, int)
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi.micro, int)
         self.assertIn(vi.releaselevel, ("alpha", "beta", "candidate", "final"))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(vi.serial, int))
+        self.assertIsInstance(vi.serial, int)
         self.assertEqual(vi[0], vi.major)
         self.assertEqual(vi[1], vi.minor)
         self.assertEqual(vi[2], vi.micro)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py b/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py
index 0076c48..de65158 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_tempfile.py
@@ -142,8 +142,7 @@
 
         self.assertFalse(len(cand) == 0)
         for c in cand:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(c, str),
-                         "%s is not a string" % c)
+            self.assertIsInstance(c, str)
 
     def test_wanted_dirs(self):
         # _candidate_tempdir_list contains the expected directories
@@ -184,7 +183,7 @@
     def test_retval(self):
         # _get_candidate_names returns a _RandomNameSequence object
         obj = tempfile._get_candidate_names()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(obj, tempfile._RandomNameSequence))
+        self.assertIsInstance(obj, tempfile._RandomNameSequence)
 
     def test_same_thing(self):
         # _get_candidate_names always returns the same object
@@ -326,7 +325,7 @@
         # gettempprefix returns a nonempty prefix string
         p = tempfile.gettempprefix()
 
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(p, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(p, str)
         self.assertTrue(len(p) > 0)
 
     def test_usable_template(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_threading.py b/Lib/test/test_threading.py
index 8737c3d..b8265aa 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_threading.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_threading.py
@@ -154,8 +154,7 @@
         # Wait for the thread to finish.
         mutex.acquire()
         self.assertIn(tid, threading._active)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(threading._active[tid],
-                                threading._DummyThread))
+        self.assertIsInstance(threading._active[tid], threading._DummyThread)
         del threading._active[tid]
 
     # PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc() is a CPython-only gimmick, not (currently)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_types.py b/Lib/test/test_types.py
index 5df1f42..8edf9d3 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_types.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_types.py
@@ -149,12 +149,12 @@
                                    (prod, type(prod)))
 
         x = sys.maxsize
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(x + 1, int),
-            "(sys.maxsize + 1) should have returned int")
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(-x - 1, int),
-            "(-sys.maxsize - 1) should have returned int")
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(-x - 2, int),
-            "(-sys.maxsize - 2) should have returned int")
+        self.assertIsInstance(x + 1, int,
+                              "(sys.maxsize + 1) should have returned int")
+        self.assertIsInstance(-x - 1, int,
+                              "(-sys.maxsize - 1) should have returned int")
+        self.assertIsInstance(-x - 2, int,
+                              "(-sys.maxsize - 2) should have returned int")
 
         try: 5 << -5
         except ValueError: pass
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_unittest.py b/Lib/test/test_unittest.py
index 13f7d2d..73b3275 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_unittest.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_unittest.py
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
         self.assertFalse('runTest'.startswith(loader.testMethodPrefix))
 
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(Foo)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [Foo('runTest')])
 
     ################################################################
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromModule(m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         expected = [loader.suiteClass([MyTestCase('test')])]
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), expected)
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromModule(m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [])
 
     # "This method searches `module` for classes derived from TestCase"
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromModule(m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [loader.suiteClass()])
 
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromName('testcase_1', m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [MyTestCase('test')])
 
     # "The specifier name is a ``dotted name'' that may resolve either to
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromName('testsuite', m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [MyTestCase('test')])
 
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromName('testcase_1.test', m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [MyTestCase('test')])
 
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromName('return_TestSuite', m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [testcase_1, testcase_2])
 
     # "The specifier name is a ``dotted name'' that may resolve ... to
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromName('return_TestCase', m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [testcase_1])
 
     # "The specifier name is a ``dotted name'' that may resolve ... to
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         loader.suiteClass = SubTestSuite
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromName('return_TestCase', m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [testcase_1])
 
     # "The specifier name is a ``dotted name'' that may resolve ... to
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         loader.suiteClass=SubTestSuite
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromName('testcase_1.test', m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [MyTestCase('test')])
 
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@
         try:
             suite = loader.loadTestsFromName(module_name)
 
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+            self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
             self.assertEqual(list(suite), [])
 
             # audioop should now be loaded, thanks to loadTestsFromName()
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
 
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames([])
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [])
 
     # "Similar to loadTestsFromName(), but takes a sequence of names rather
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
 
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames([], unittest)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [])
 
     # "The specifier name is a ``dotted name'' that may resolve either to
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames(['testcase_1'], m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         expected = loader.suiteClass([MyTestCase('test')])
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [expected])
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames(['testsuite'], m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [m.testsuite])
 
@@ -902,7 +902,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames(['testcase_1.test'], m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         ref_suite = unittest.TestSuite([MyTestCase('test')])
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [ref_suite])
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames(['return_TestSuite'], m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         expected = unittest.TestSuite([testcase_1, testcase_2])
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [expected])
@@ -955,7 +955,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames(['return_TestCase'], m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         ref_suite = unittest.TestSuite([testcase_1])
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [ref_suite])
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@
 
         loader = unittest.TestLoader()
         suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames(['Foo.foo'], m)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+        self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
 
         ref_suite = unittest.TestSuite([testcase_1])
         self.assertEqual(list(suite), [ref_suite])
@@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@
         try:
             suite = loader.loadTestsFromNames([module_name])
 
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(suite, loader.suiteClass))
+            self.assertIsInstance(suite, loader.suiteClass)
             self.assertEqual(list(suite), [unittest.TestSuite()])
 
             # audioop should now be loaded, thanks to loadTestsFromName()
@@ -1808,7 +1808,7 @@
     def test_id(self):
         test = unittest.FunctionTestCase(lambda: None)
 
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(test.id(), str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(test.id(), str)
 
     # "Returns a one-line description of the test, or None if no description
     # has been provided. The default implementation of this method returns
@@ -1996,7 +1996,7 @@
 
         test_case, formatted_exc = result.failures[0]
         self.assertTrue(test_case is test)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(formatted_exc, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(formatted_exc, str)
 
     # "addError(test, err)"
     # ...
@@ -2046,7 +2046,7 @@
 
         test_case, formatted_exc = result.errors[0]
         self.assertTrue(test_case is test)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(formatted_exc, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(formatted_exc, str)
 
 ### Support code for Test_TestCase
 ################################################################
@@ -2437,7 +2437,8 @@
             def runTest(self):
                 pass
 
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(Foo().id(), str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(Foo().id(), str)
+
 
     # "If result is omitted or None, a temporary result object is created
     # and used, but is not made available to the caller. As TestCase owns the
@@ -2859,7 +2860,7 @@
         with ctx:
             Stub(v)
         e = ctx.exc_value
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, ExceptionMock))
+        self.assertIsInstance(e, ExceptionMock)
         self.assertEqual(e.args[0], v)
 
     def testSynonymAssertMethodNames(self):
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
index 1f18190..02d08d4 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib.py
@@ -85,8 +85,7 @@
 
     def test_fileno(self):
         file_num = self.returned_obj.fileno()
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(file_num, int),
-                     "fileno() did not return an int")
+        self.assertIsInstance(file_num, int, "fileno() did not return an int")
         self.assertEqual(os.read(file_num, len(self.text)), self.text,
                          "Reading on the file descriptor returned by fileno() "
                          "did not return the expected text")
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@
         self.returned_obj.close()
 
     def test_info(self):
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.returned_obj.info(), email.message.Message))
+        self.assertIsInstance(self.returned_obj.info(), email.message.Message)
 
     def test_geturl(self):
         self.assertEqual(self.returned_obj.geturl(), self.pathname)
@@ -250,9 +249,9 @@
         # a headers value is returned.
         result = urllib.request.urlretrieve("file:%s" % support.TESTFN)
         self.assertEqual(result[0], support.TESTFN)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(result[1], email.message.Message),
-                     "did not get a email.message.Message instance as second "
-                     "returned value")
+        self.assertIsInstance(result[1], email.message.Message,
+                              "did not get a email.message.Message instance "
+                              "as second returned value")
 
     def test_copy(self):
         # Test that setting the filename argument works.
@@ -275,9 +274,9 @@
     def test_reporthook(self):
         # Make sure that the reporthook works.
         def hooktester(count, block_size, total_size, count_holder=[0]):
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(count, int))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(block_size, int))
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(total_size, int))
+            self.assertIsInstance(count, int)
+            self.assertIsInstance(block_size, int)
+            self.assertIsInstance(total_size, int)
             self.assertEqual(count, count_holder[0])
             count_holder[0] = count_holder[0] + 1
         second_temp = "%s.2" % support.TESTFN
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
index c43e1dd..f77537d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
@@ -589,12 +589,12 @@
                 # *_request
                 self.assertEqual((handler, name), calls[i])
                 self.assertEqual(len(args), 1)
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(args[0], Request))
+                self.assertIsInstance(args[0], Request)
             else:
                 # *_response
                 self.assertEqual((handler, name), calls[i])
                 self.assertEqual(len(args), 2)
-                self.assertTrue(isinstance(args[0], Request))
+                self.assertIsInstance(args[0], Request)
                 # response from opener.open is None, because there's no
                 # handler that defines http_open to handle it
                 self.assertTrue(args[1] is None or
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib2_localnet.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib2_localnet.py
index 87b6651..965e0f4 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib2_localnet.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib2_localnet.py
@@ -459,9 +459,9 @@
             open_url = urllib.request.urlopen(
                 "http://localhost:%s" % handler.port)
             info_obj = open_url.info()
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(info_obj, email.message.Message),
-                         "object returned by 'info' is not an instance of "
-                         "email.message.Message")
+            self.assertIsInstance(info_obj, email.message.Message,
+                                  "object returned by 'info' is not an "
+                                  "instance of email.message.Message")
             self.assertEqual(info_obj.get_content_subtype(), "plain")
         finally:
             self.server.stop()
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py b/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py
index 59a73c9..70b4cfa 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllib2net.py
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
                 if expected_err:
                     msg = ("Didn't get expected error(s) %s for %s %s, got %s: %s" %
                            (expected_err, url, req, type(err), err))
-                    self.assertTrue(isinstance(err, expected_err), msg)
+                    self.assertIsInstance(err, expected_err, msg)
             else:
                 with support.time_out, \
                      support.socket_peer_reset, \
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_urllibnet.py b/Lib/test/test_urllibnet.py
index 63e061a..221b698 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_urllibnet.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_urllibnet.py
@@ -73,10 +73,10 @@
         # Test both readline and readlines.
         open_url = self.urlopen("http://www.python.org/")
         try:
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(open_url.readline(), bytes),
-                         "readline did not return bytes")
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(open_url.readlines(), list),
-                         "readlines did not return a list")
+            self.assertIsInstance(open_url.readline(), bytes,
+                                  "readline did not return a string")
+            self.assertIsInstance(open_url.readlines(), list,
+                                  "readlines did not return a list")
         finally:
             open_url.close()
 
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@
             info_obj = open_url.info()
         finally:
             open_url.close()
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(info_obj, email.message.Message),
-                         "object returned by 'info' is not an instance of "
-                         "email.message.Message")
+            self.assertIsInstance(info_obj, email.message.Message,
+                                  "object returned by 'info' is not an "
+                                  "instance of email.message.Message")
             self.assertEqual(info_obj.get_content_subtype(), "html")
 
     def test_geturl(self):
@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@
         # Make sure header returned as 2nd value from urlretrieve is good.
         file_location, header = self.urlretrieve("http://www.python.org/")
         os.unlink(file_location)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(header, email.message.Message),
-                     "header is not an instance of email.message.Message")
+        self.assertIsInstance(header, email.message.Message,
+                              "header is not an instance of email.message.Message")
 
 
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_userdict.py b/Lib/test/test_userdict.py
index 39dd196..137c445 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_userdict.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_userdict.py
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
         self.assertEqual(collections.UserDict.fromkeys('one two'.split(), 1), d5)
         self.assertEqual(collections.UserDict().fromkeys('one two'.split(), 1), d5)
         self.assertTrue(u1.fromkeys('one two'.split()) is not u1)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(u1.fromkeys('one two'.split()), collections.UserDict))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(u2.fromkeys('one two'.split()), collections.UserDict))
+        self.assertIsInstance(u1.fromkeys('one two'.split()), collections.UserDict)
+        self.assertIsInstance(u2.fromkeys('one two'.split()), collections.UserDict)
 
         # Test __repr__
         self.assertEqual(str(u0), str(d0))
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py b/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py
index ab6096a..b78d0c8 100755
--- a/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_wsgiref.py
@@ -211,12 +211,12 @@
         # Check defaulting when empty
         env = {}
         util.setup_testing_defaults(env)
-        if isinstance(value,StringIO):
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(env[key],StringIO))
+        if isinstance(value, StringIO):
+            self.assertIsInstance(env[key], StringIO)
         elif isinstance(value,BytesIO):
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(env[key],BytesIO))
+            self.assertIsInstance(env[key],BytesIO)
         else:
-            self.assertEqual(env[key],value)
+            self.assertEqual(env[key], value)
 
         # Check existing value
         env = {key:alt}
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py b/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py
index 5ae1ba6..2ae4396 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@
         d = xmlrpclib.DateTime()
         ((new_d,), dummy) = xmlrpclib.loads(xmlrpclib.dumps((d,),
                                             methodresponse=True))
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(new_d.value, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(new_d.value, str)
 
         # Check that the output of dumps() is still an 8-bit string
         s = xmlrpclib.dumps((new_d,), methodresponse=True)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(s, str))
+        self.assertIsInstance(s, str)
 
     def test_newstyle_class(self):
         class T(object):
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@
                            [('Authorization', 'Basic dXNlcg==')], {}))
 
 
+
 class HelperTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_escape(self):
         self.assertEqual(xmlrpclib.escape("a&b"), "a&amp;b")
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_zipfile.py b/Lib/test/test_zipfile.py
index 9aa11ac..1afd475 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_zipfile.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_zipfile.py
@@ -595,6 +595,7 @@
         with zipfile.ZipFile(TESTFN, "w") as zf:
             zf.writestr("foo.txt", "Test for unicode filename")
             zf.writestr("\xf6.txt", "Test for unicode filename")
+            self.assertIsInstance(zf.infolist()[0].filename, str)
 
         with zipfile.ZipFile(TESTFN, "r") as zf:
             self.assertEqual(zf.filelist[0].filename, "foo.txt")
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_zlib.py b/Lib/test/test_zlib.py
index 776557e..bf1e639 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_zlib.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_zlib.py
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
 
         decombuf = zlib.decompress(combuf)
         # Test type of return value
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(decombuf, bytes))
+        self.assertIsInstance(decombuf, bytes)
 
         self.assertEqual(data, decombuf)
 
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@
             data = HAMLET_SCENE
             comp = zlib.compress(data)
             # Test type of return value
-            self.assertTrue(isinstance(comp, bytes))
+            self.assertIsInstance(comp, bytes)
 
             d0 = zlib.decompressobj()
             bufs0 = []