bpo-43998: Default to TLS 1.2 and increase cipher suite security (GH-25778)

The ssl module now has more secure default settings. Ciphers without forward
secrecy or SHA-1 MAC are disabled by default. Security level 2 prohibits
weak RSA, DH, and ECC keys with less than 112 bits of security.
:class:`~ssl.SSLContext` defaults to minimum protocol version TLS 1.2.
Settings are based on Hynek Schlawack's research.

```
$ openssl version
OpenSSL 1.1.1k  FIPS 25 Mar 2021
$ openssl ciphers -v '@SECLEVEL=2:ECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+CHACHA20:ECDH+AES:DHE+AES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!aDSS:!SHA1:!AESCCM'
TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384  TLSv1.3 Kx=any      Au=any  Enc=AESGCM(256) Mac=AEAD
TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 TLSv1.3 Kx=any      Au=any  Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256) Mac=AEAD
TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256  TLSv1.3 Kx=any      Au=any  Enc=AESGCM(128) Mac=AEAD
TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256  TLSv1.3 Kx=any      Au=any  Enc=AESCCM(128) Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=ECDSA Enc=AESGCM(256) Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(256) Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=ECDSA Enc=AESGCM(128) Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(128) Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=ECDSA Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256) Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=RSA  Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256) Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=ECDSA Enc=AES(256)  Mac=SHA384
ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=RSA  Enc=AES(256)  Mac=SHA384
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=ECDSA Enc=AES(128)  Mac=SHA256
ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256 TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH     Au=RSA  Enc=AES(128)  Mac=SHA256
DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 TLSv1.2 Kx=DH       Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(256) Mac=AEAD
DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 TLSv1.2 Kx=DH       Au=RSA  Enc=AESGCM(128) Mac=AEAD
DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256   TLSv1.2 Kx=DH       Au=RSA  Enc=AES(256)  Mac=SHA256
DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256   TLSv1.2 Kx=DH       Au=RSA  Enc=AES(128)  Mac=SHA256
```

Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>
diff --git a/Doc/library/ssl.rst b/Doc/library/ssl.rst
index f7c49dc..4d43fa0 100644
--- a/Doc/library/ssl.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/ssl.rst
@@ -1509,6 +1509,14 @@
       context class will either require :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT` or
       :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER` protocol in the future.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.10
+
+      The default cipher suites now include only secure AES and ChaCha20
+      ciphers with forward secrecy and security level 2. RSA and DH keys with
+      less than 2048 bits and ECC keys with less than 224 bits are prohibited.
+      :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS`, :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT`, and
+      :data:`PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER` use TLS 1.2 as minimum TLS version.
+
 
 :class:`SSLContext` objects have the following methods and attributes: