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Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE
2==========================
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +00003
4Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00005Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands
6as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's
7principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00008
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00009In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
10National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us)
11in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
12software.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000013
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000014In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
15BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same
Guido van Rossum2e1c09c2002-04-04 17:52:50 +000016year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope
17Corporation, see http://www.zope.com). In 2001, the Python Software
18Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a
19non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related
20Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of
21the PSF.
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000022
23All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for
24the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python
25releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
26the various releases.
27
28 Release Derived Year Owner GPL-
Tim Peters7cb13a92004-10-23 03:48:57 +000029 from compatible? (1)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000030
31 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes
32 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes
33 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no
34 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000035 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000036 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no
37 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes
38 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes
39 2.2 2.1.1 2001 PSF yes
Tim Petersb0f3cea2002-04-08 21:36:47 +000040 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes
41 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes
42 2.2.1 2.2 2002 PSF yes
Tim Peters638a1e22002-10-06 04:04:46 +000043 2.2.2 2.2.1 2002 PSF yes
Barry Warsaw7d7f88c2003-05-22 15:17:40 +000044 2.2.3 2.2.2 2003 PSF yes
Guido van Rossumf1226882002-12-31 01:50:07 +000045 2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter9d42a102003-09-23 02:42:29 +000046 2.3.1 2.3 2002-2003 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterc2b00812003-09-30 07:07:08 +000047 2.3.2 2.3.1 2002-2003 PSF yes
Tim Peters926bc222004-05-11 18:13:10 +000048 2.3.3 2.3.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
49 2.3.4 2.3.3 2004 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter94d62012005-03-10 13:47:17 +000050 2.3.5 2.3.4 2005 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterbd377a32004-07-08 05:57:59 +000051 2.4 2.3 2004 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter94d62012005-03-10 13:47:17 +000052 2.4.1 2.4 2005 PSF yes
Georg Brandlcfc34712005-10-21 07:53:44 +000053 2.4.2 2.4.1 2005 PSF yes
Thomas Wouters49fd7fa2006-04-21 10:40:58 +000054 2.4.3 2.4.2 2006 PSF yes
Guido van Rossumd8faa362007-04-27 19:54:29 +000055 2.4.4 2.4.3 2006 PSF yes
Thomas Wouters49fd7fa2006-04-21 10:40:58 +000056 2.5 2.4 2006 PSF yes
Guido van Rossumd8faa362007-04-27 19:54:29 +000057 2.5.1 2.5 2007 PSF yes
Guido van Rossumb365c152007-08-30 17:21:12 +000058 2.6 2.5 unreleased PSF yes
59 3.0 2.6 2007 PSF yes
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000060
61Footnotes:
62
63(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
64 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
65 a modified version without making your changes open source. The
66 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
67 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000068
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000069(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
70 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to
71 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
72 is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
73
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000074Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
75direction to make these releases possible.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000076
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000077
Guido van Rossumaa815df2001-04-10 03:37:31 +000078B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
79===============================================================
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000080
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000081PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
82--------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000083
841. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
85("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
Tim Peterscb919002004-10-26 14:38:48 +000086otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
87its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000088
892. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF
90hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
91license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000092prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000093alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's
94License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
Thomas Wouters902d6eb2007-01-09 23:18:33 +0000952001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Python Software Foundation;
96All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative
97version prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000098
993. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000100or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000101the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
102Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000103the changes made to Python.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000104
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +00001054. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000106basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
107IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
108DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000109FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000110INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
111
1125. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000113FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
114A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000115OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
116
1176. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
118breach of its terms and conditions.
119
Guido van Rossum648b4de2001-05-04 18:49:06 +00001207. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
121relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
122Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
123trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
124products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000125
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +00001268. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
Guido van Rossum859d9b52001-04-13 19:41:28 +0000127agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
128Agreement.
129
Guido van Rossum575d7f32001-04-13 15:04:31 +0000130
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000131BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
132-------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000133
Guido van Rossum2e0d3312000-09-04 00:58:48 +0000134BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000135
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001361. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
137office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000138Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
139this software in source or binary form and its associated
140documentation ("the Software").
141
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001422. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
143Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
144royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
145and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
146otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
147provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
148Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000149
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001503. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000151basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
152IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
153DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
154FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
155INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
156
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001574. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000158SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
159AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
160DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
161
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001625. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000163breach of its terms and conditions.
164
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001656. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000166respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
167law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
168create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
169between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant
Guido van Rossumac1c8182000-09-03 13:21:38 +0000170permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
171sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
172third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000173http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
174permissions granted on that web page.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000175
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001767. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000177agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
178Agreement.
179
180
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000181CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
182---------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000183
1841. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
185Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
186Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000187("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
188source or binary form and its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000189
1902. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
191hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
192license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000193prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000194alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
195License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001961995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
197Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
198version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
199Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
200quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
201conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with
202Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following
203unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This
204Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet
205using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013".
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000206
2073. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000208or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
209the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
210Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
211the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000212
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002134. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
214basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
215IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000216DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000217FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000218INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
219
2205. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002211.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
222A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
223OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000224
2256. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
226breach of its terms and conditions.
227
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002287. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
229intellectual property law of the United States, including without
230limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
231U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
232Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
233Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
234on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
235previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
236law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
237Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
238Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this
239License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
240agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This
241License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
242trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
243services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000244
2458. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000246installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
247bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000248
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000249 ACCEPT
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000250
251
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000252CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
253--------------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000254
255Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
256The Netherlands. All rights reserved.
257
258Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
259documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
260provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
261both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
262supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
263Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
264distribution of the software without specific, written prior
265permission.
266
267STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
268THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
269FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
270FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
271WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
272ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
273OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.