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Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +00001"""Helper class to quickly write a loop over all standard input files.
2
3Typical use is:
4
5 import fileinput
6 for line in fileinput.input():
7 process(line)
8
9This iterates over the lines of all files listed in sys.argv[1:],
10defaulting to sys.stdin if the list is empty. If a filename is '-' it
11is also replaced by sys.stdin. To specify an alternative list of
12filenames, pass it as the argument to input(). A single file name is
13also allowed.
14
15Functions filename(), lineno() return the filename and cumulative line
16number of the line that has just been read; filelineno() returns its
17line number in the current file; isfirstline() returns true iff the
18line just read is the first line of its file; isstdin() returns true
19iff the line was read from sys.stdin. Function nextfile() closes the
20current file so that the next iteration will read the first line from
21the next file (if any); lines not read from the file will not count
22towards the cumulative line count; the filename is not changed until
23after the first line of the next file has been read. Function close()
24closes the sequence.
25
26Before any lines have been read, filename() returns None and both line
27numbers are zero; nextfile() has no effect. After all lines have been
28read, filename() and the line number functions return the values
29pertaining to the last line read; nextfile() has no effect.
30
Georg Brandlc029f872006-02-19 14:12:34 +000031All files are opened in text mode by default, you can override this by
32setting the mode parameter to input() or FileInput.__init__().
Andrew Svetlovf7a17b42012-12-25 16:47:37 +020033If an I/O error occurs during opening or reading a file, the OSError
Georg Brandlc029f872006-02-19 14:12:34 +000034exception is raised.
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +000035
36If sys.stdin is used more than once, the second and further use will
37return no lines, except perhaps for interactive use, or if it has been
38explicitly reset (e.g. using sys.stdin.seek(0)).
39
40Empty files are opened and immediately closed; the only time their
41presence in the list of filenames is noticeable at all is when the
42last file opened is empty.
43
44It is possible that the last line of a file doesn't end in a newline
45character; otherwise lines are returned including the trailing
46newline.
47
48Class FileInput is the implementation; its methods filename(),
49lineno(), fileline(), isfirstline(), isstdin(), nextfile() and close()
50correspond to the functions in the module. In addition it has a
51readline() method which returns the next input line, and a
52__getitem__() method which implements the sequence behavior. The
53sequence must be accessed in strictly sequential order; sequence
54access and readline() cannot be mixed.
55
56Optional in-place filtering: if the keyword argument inplace=1 is
57passed to input() or to the FileInput constructor, the file is moved
58to a backup file and standard output is directed to the input file.
59This makes it possible to write a filter that rewrites its input file
60in place. If the keyword argument backup=".<some extension>" is also
61given, it specifies the extension for the backup file, and the backup
62file remains around; by default, the extension is ".bak" and it is
63deleted when the output file is closed. In-place filtering is
64disabled when standard input is read. XXX The current implementation
65does not work for MS-DOS 8+3 filesystems.
66
Guido van Rossum47955242001-01-05 14:44:39 +000067Performance: this module is unfortunately one of the slower ways of
68processing large numbers of input lines. Nevertheless, a significant
69speed-up has been obtained by using readlines(bufsize) instead of
70readline(). A new keyword argument, bufsize=N, is present on the
71input() function and the FileInput() class to override the default
72buffer size.
73
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +000074XXX Possible additions:
75
76- optional getopt argument processing
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +000077- isatty()
78- read(), read(size), even readlines()
79
80"""
81
Walter Dörwald294bbf32002-06-06 09:48:13 +000082import sys, os
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +000083
Georg Brandlef0a8652009-05-17 12:22:57 +000084__all__ = ["input", "close", "nextfile", "filename", "lineno", "filelineno",
85 "isfirstline", "isstdin", "FileInput"]
Skip Montanaroeccd02a2001-01-20 23:34:12 +000086
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +000087_state = None
88
Guido van Rossum47955242001-01-05 14:44:39 +000089DEFAULT_BUFSIZE = 8*1024
90
Georg Brandlef0a8652009-05-17 12:22:57 +000091def input(files=None, inplace=False, backup="", bufsize=0,
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +000092 mode="r", openhook=None):
Terry Jan Reedy70d2c712013-06-28 18:59:28 -040093 """Return an instance of the FileInput class, which can be iterated.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +000094
Terry Jan Reedy70d2c712013-06-28 18:59:28 -040095 The parameters are passed to the constructor of the FileInput class.
96 The returned instance, in addition to being an iterator,
97 keeps global state for the functions of this module,.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +000098 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +000099 global _state
100 if _state and _state._file:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000101 raise RuntimeError("input() already active")
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +0000102 _state = FileInput(files, inplace, backup, bufsize, mode, openhook)
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000103 return _state
104
105def close():
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000106 """Close the sequence."""
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000107 global _state
108 state = _state
109 _state = None
110 if state:
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000111 state.close()
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000112
113def nextfile():
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000114 """
115 Close the current file so that the next iteration will read the first
116 line from the next file (if any); lines not read from the file will
117 not count towards the cumulative line count. The filename is not
118 changed until after the first line of the next file has been read.
119 Before the first line has been read, this function has no effect;
120 it cannot be used to skip the first file. After the last line of the
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000121 last file has been read, this function has no effect.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000122 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000123 if not _state:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000124 raise RuntimeError("no active input()")
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000125 return _state.nextfile()
126
127def filename():
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000128 """
129 Return the name of the file currently being read.
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000130 Before the first line has been read, returns None.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000131 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000132 if not _state:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000133 raise RuntimeError("no active input()")
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000134 return _state.filename()
135
136def lineno():
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000137 """
138 Return the cumulative line number of the line that has just been read.
139 Before the first line has been read, returns 0. After the last line
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000140 of the last file has been read, returns the line number of that line.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000141 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000142 if not _state:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000143 raise RuntimeError("no active input()")
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000144 return _state.lineno()
145
146def filelineno():
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000147 """
148 Return the line number in the current file. Before the first line
149 has been read, returns 0. After the last line of the last file has
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000150 been read, returns the line number of that line within the file.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000151 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000152 if not _state:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000153 raise RuntimeError("no active input()")
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000154 return _state.filelineno()
155
Georg Brandl67e9fb92006-02-19 13:56:17 +0000156def fileno():
157 """
158 Return the file number of the current file. When no file is currently
159 opened, returns -1.
160 """
161 if not _state:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000162 raise RuntimeError("no active input()")
Georg Brandl67e9fb92006-02-19 13:56:17 +0000163 return _state.fileno()
164
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000165def isfirstline():
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000166 """
167 Returns true the line just read is the first line of its file,
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000168 otherwise returns false.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000169 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000170 if not _state:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000171 raise RuntimeError("no active input()")
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000172 return _state.isfirstline()
173
174def isstdin():
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000175 """
176 Returns true if the last line was read from sys.stdin,
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000177 otherwise returns false.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000178 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000179 if not _state:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000180 raise RuntimeError("no active input()")
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000181 return _state.isstdin()
182
183class FileInput:
Terry Jan Reedy70d2c712013-06-28 18:59:28 -0400184 """FileInput([files[, inplace[, backup[, bufsize, [, mode[, openhook]]]]]])
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000185
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000186 Class FileInput is the implementation of the module; its methods
Georg Brandl67e9fb92006-02-19 13:56:17 +0000187 filename(), lineno(), fileline(), isfirstline(), isstdin(), fileno(),
188 nextfile() and close() correspond to the functions of the same name
189 in the module.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000190 In addition it has a readline() method which returns the next
191 input line, and a __getitem__() method which implements the
192 sequence behavior. The sequence must be accessed in strictly
Tim Peters8ac14952002-05-23 15:15:30 +0000193 sequential order; random access and readline() cannot be mixed.
Raymond Hettingerd1fa3db2002-05-15 02:56:03 +0000194 """
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000195
Georg Brandlef0a8652009-05-17 12:22:57 +0000196 def __init__(self, files=None, inplace=False, backup="", bufsize=0,
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +0000197 mode="r", openhook=None):
Guido van Rossum3172c5d2007-10-16 18:12:55 +0000198 if isinstance(files, str):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000199 files = (files,)
200 else:
Guido van Rossum2516b392000-04-10 17:16:12 +0000201 if files is None:
202 files = sys.argv[1:]
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000203 if not files:
Guido van Rossum2516b392000-04-10 17:16:12 +0000204 files = ('-',)
205 else:
206 files = tuple(files)
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000207 self._files = files
208 self._inplace = inplace
209 self._backup = backup
Guido van Rossum47955242001-01-05 14:44:39 +0000210 self._bufsize = bufsize or DEFAULT_BUFSIZE
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000211 self._savestdout = None
212 self._output = None
213 self._filename = None
214 self._lineno = 0
215 self._filelineno = 0
216 self._file = None
Guido van Rossum8ca162f2002-04-07 06:36:23 +0000217 self._isstdin = False
Guido van Rossum0aec9fb1998-07-20 15:49:28 +0000218 self._backupfilename = None
Guido van Rossum47955242001-01-05 14:44:39 +0000219 self._buffer = []
220 self._bufindex = 0
Georg Brandlc029f872006-02-19 14:12:34 +0000221 # restrict mode argument to reading modes
222 if mode not in ('r', 'rU', 'U', 'rb'):
223 raise ValueError("FileInput opening mode must be one of "
224 "'r', 'rU', 'U' and 'rb'")
Serhiy Storchaka6787a382013-11-23 22:12:06 +0200225 if 'U' in mode:
226 import warnings
Serhiy Storchaka2480c2e2013-11-24 23:13:26 +0200227 warnings.warn("'U' mode is deprecated",
Serhiy Storchaka6787a382013-11-23 22:12:06 +0200228 DeprecationWarning, 2)
Georg Brandlc029f872006-02-19 14:12:34 +0000229 self._mode = mode
Florent Xicluna5d1155c2011-10-28 14:45:05 +0200230 if openhook:
231 if inplace:
232 raise ValueError("FileInput cannot use an opening hook in inplace mode")
233 if not callable(openhook):
234 raise ValueError("FileInput openhook must be callable")
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +0000235 self._openhook = openhook
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000236
237 def __del__(self):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000238 self.close()
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000239
240 def close(self):
Serhiy Storchaka7e7a3db2015-04-10 13:24:41 +0300241 try:
242 self.nextfile()
243 finally:
244 self._files = ()
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000245
Georg Brandl6cb7b652010-07-31 20:08:15 +0000246 def __enter__(self):
247 return self
248
249 def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
250 self.close()
251
Neil Schemenauer908632a2002-03-26 20:28:40 +0000252 def __iter__(self):
253 return self
254
Georg Brandla18af4e2007-04-21 15:47:16 +0000255 def __next__(self):
Guido van Rossum47955242001-01-05 14:44:39 +0000256 try:
257 line = self._buffer[self._bufindex]
258 except IndexError:
259 pass
260 else:
261 self._bufindex += 1
262 self._lineno += 1
263 self._filelineno += 1
264 return line
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000265 line = self.readline()
266 if not line:
Neil Schemenauer908632a2002-03-26 20:28:40 +0000267 raise StopIteration
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000268 return line
Tim Peters863ac442002-04-16 01:38:40 +0000269
Neil Schemenauer908632a2002-03-26 20:28:40 +0000270 def __getitem__(self, i):
271 if i != self._lineno:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000272 raise RuntimeError("accessing lines out of order")
Neil Schemenauer908632a2002-03-26 20:28:40 +0000273 try:
Georg Brandla18af4e2007-04-21 15:47:16 +0000274 return self.__next__()
Neil Schemenauer908632a2002-03-26 20:28:40 +0000275 except StopIteration:
Collin Winterce36ad82007-08-30 01:19:48 +0000276 raise IndexError("end of input reached")
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000277
278 def nextfile(self):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000279 savestdout = self._savestdout
280 self._savestdout = 0
281 if savestdout:
282 sys.stdout = savestdout
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000283
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000284 output = self._output
285 self._output = 0
Serhiy Storchaka7e7a3db2015-04-10 13:24:41 +0300286 try:
287 if output:
288 output.close()
289 finally:
290 file = self._file
291 self._file = 0
292 try:
293 if file and not self._isstdin:
294 file.close()
295 finally:
296 backupfilename = self._backupfilename
297 self._backupfilename = 0
298 if backupfilename and not self._backup:
299 try: os.unlink(backupfilename)
300 except OSError: pass
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000301
Serhiy Storchaka7e7a3db2015-04-10 13:24:41 +0300302 self._isstdin = False
303 self._buffer = []
304 self._bufindex = 0
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000305
306 def readline(self):
Guido van Rossum47955242001-01-05 14:44:39 +0000307 try:
308 line = self._buffer[self._bufindex]
309 except IndexError:
310 pass
311 else:
312 self._bufindex += 1
313 self._lineno += 1
314 self._filelineno += 1
315 return line
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000316 if not self._file:
317 if not self._files:
318 return ""
319 self._filename = self._files[0]
320 self._files = self._files[1:]
321 self._filelineno = 0
322 self._file = None
Guido van Rossum8ca162f2002-04-07 06:36:23 +0000323 self._isstdin = False
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000324 self._backupfilename = 0
325 if self._filename == '-':
326 self._filename = '<stdin>'
Serhiy Storchaka946cfc32014-05-14 21:08:33 +0300327 if 'b' in self._mode:
328 self._file = sys.stdin.buffer
329 else:
330 self._file = sys.stdin
Guido van Rossum8ca162f2002-04-07 06:36:23 +0000331 self._isstdin = True
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000332 else:
333 if self._inplace:
334 self._backupfilename = (
Skip Montanaro7a98be22007-08-16 14:35:24 +0000335 self._filename + (self._backup or ".bak"))
Andrew Svetlovad28c7f2012-12-18 22:02:39 +0200336 try:
337 os.unlink(self._backupfilename)
338 except OSError:
339 pass
Andrew Svetlovf7a17b42012-12-25 16:47:37 +0200340 # The next few lines may raise OSError
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000341 os.rename(self._filename, self._backupfilename)
Georg Brandlc029f872006-02-19 14:12:34 +0000342 self._file = open(self._backupfilename, self._mode)
Guido van Rossumdcb85831999-10-18 21:41:43 +0000343 try:
Walter Dörwald294bbf32002-06-06 09:48:13 +0000344 perm = os.fstat(self._file.fileno()).st_mode
Skip Montanarocffac662002-08-14 02:58:16 +0000345 except OSError:
Guido van Rossumdcb85831999-10-18 21:41:43 +0000346 self._output = open(self._filename, "w")
347 else:
Guido van Rossum6203d8f2007-10-29 17:39:59 +0000348 mode = os.O_CREAT | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_TRUNC
349 if hasattr(os, 'O_BINARY'):
350 mode |= os.O_BINARY
351
352 fd = os.open(self._filename, mode, perm)
Guido van Rossumdcb85831999-10-18 21:41:43 +0000353 self._output = os.fdopen(fd, "w")
354 try:
Jack Jansen52941a82003-01-08 16:33:16 +0000355 if hasattr(os, 'chmod'):
356 os.chmod(self._filename, perm)
Skip Montanarocffac662002-08-14 02:58:16 +0000357 except OSError:
Guido van Rossumdcb85831999-10-18 21:41:43 +0000358 pass
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000359 self._savestdout = sys.stdout
360 sys.stdout = self._output
361 else:
Andrew Svetlovf7a17b42012-12-25 16:47:37 +0200362 # This may raise OSError
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +0000363 if self._openhook:
364 self._file = self._openhook(self._filename, self._mode)
365 else:
366 self._file = open(self._filename, self._mode)
Guido van Rossum47955242001-01-05 14:44:39 +0000367 self._buffer = self._file.readlines(self._bufsize)
368 self._bufindex = 0
369 if not self._buffer:
370 self.nextfile()
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000371 # Recursive call
372 return self.readline()
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000373
374 def filename(self):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000375 return self._filename
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000376
377 def lineno(self):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000378 return self._lineno
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000379
380 def filelineno(self):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000381 return self._filelineno
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000382
Georg Brandl67e9fb92006-02-19 13:56:17 +0000383 def fileno(self):
384 if self._file:
385 try:
386 return self._file.fileno()
387 except ValueError:
388 return -1
389 else:
390 return -1
391
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000392 def isfirstline(self):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000393 return self._filelineno == 1
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000394
395 def isstdin(self):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000396 return self._isstdin
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000397
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +0000398
399def hook_compressed(filename, mode):
400 ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1]
401 if ext == '.gz':
402 import gzip
403 return gzip.open(filename, mode)
404 elif ext == '.bz2':
405 import bz2
406 return bz2.BZ2File(filename, mode)
407 else:
408 return open(filename, mode)
409
410
411def hook_encoded(encoding):
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +0000412 def openhook(filename, mode):
Florent Xiclunaa011e2b2011-11-07 19:43:07 +0100413 return open(filename, mode, encoding=encoding)
Georg Brandlc98eeed2006-02-19 14:57:47 +0000414 return openhook
415
416
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000417def _test():
418 import getopt
Georg Brandlef0a8652009-05-17 12:22:57 +0000419 inplace = False
420 backup = False
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000421 opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "ib:")
422 for o, a in opts:
Georg Brandlef0a8652009-05-17 12:22:57 +0000423 if o == '-i': inplace = True
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000424 if o == '-b': backup = a
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000425 for line in input(args, inplace=inplace, backup=backup):
Guido van Rossum45e2fbc1998-03-26 21:13:24 +0000426 if line[-1:] == '\n': line = line[:-1]
427 if line[-1:] == '\r': line = line[:-1]
Guido van Rossumbe19ed72007-02-09 05:37:30 +0000428 print("%d: %s[%d]%s %s" % (lineno(), filename(), filelineno(),
429 isfirstline() and "*" or "", line))
430 print("%d: %s[%d]" % (lineno(), filename(), filelineno()))
Guido van Rossum7d5b99d1997-11-21 17:12:59 +0000431
432if __name__ == '__main__':
433 _test()