blob: b858509684129c70dba3a20922604c7a1fdfc93d [file] [log] [blame]
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +00001from collections import deque
2import unittest
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +00003from test import support, seq_tests
Antoine Pitrou7ddda782009-01-01 15:35:33 +00004import gc
5import weakref
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +00006import copy
Guido van Rossumbf12cdb2006-08-17 20:24:18 +00007import pickle
Guido van Rossum34d19282007-08-09 01:03:29 +00008from io import StringIO
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +00009import random
Jesus Cea16e2fca2012-08-03 14:49:42 +020010import struct
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000011
12BIG = 100000
13
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +000014def fail():
15 raise SyntaxError
16 yield 1
17
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +000018class BadCmp:
19 def __eq__(self, other):
20 raise RuntimeError
21
22class MutateCmp:
Raymond Hettingerd73202c2005-03-19 00:00:51 +000023 def __init__(self, deque, result):
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +000024 self.deque = deque
Raymond Hettingerd73202c2005-03-19 00:00:51 +000025 self.result = result
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +000026 def __eq__(self, other):
27 self.deque.clear()
Raymond Hettingerd73202c2005-03-19 00:00:51 +000028 return self.result
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +000029
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000030class TestBasic(unittest.TestCase):
31
32 def test_basics(self):
Christian Heimes38053212007-12-14 01:24:44 +000033 d = deque(range(-5125, -5000))
34 d.__init__(range(200))
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +000035 for i in range(200, 400):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000036 d.append(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +000037 for i in reversed(range(-200, 0)):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000038 d.appendleft(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +000039 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(range(-200, 400)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000040 self.assertEqual(len(d), 600)
41
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +000042 left = [d.popleft() for i in range(250)]
43 self.assertEqual(left, list(range(-200, 50)))
44 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(range(50, 400)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000045
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +000046 right = [d.pop() for i in range(250)]
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000047 right.reverse()
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +000048 self.assertEqual(right, list(range(150, 400)))
49 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(range(50, 150)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +000050
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +000051 def test_maxlen(self):
52 self.assertRaises(ValueError, deque, 'abc', -1)
53 self.assertRaises(ValueError, deque, 'abc', -2)
Raymond Hettinger060c7f62009-03-10 09:36:07 +000054 it = iter(range(10))
55 d = deque(it, maxlen=3)
56 self.assertEqual(list(it), [])
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +000057 self.assertEqual(repr(d), 'deque([7, 8, 9], maxlen=3)')
58 self.assertEqual(list(d), [7, 8, 9])
59 self.assertEqual(d, deque(range(10), 3))
60 d.append(10)
61 self.assertEqual(list(d), [8, 9, 10])
62 d.appendleft(7)
63 self.assertEqual(list(d), [7, 8, 9])
64 d.extend([10, 11])
65 self.assertEqual(list(d), [9, 10, 11])
66 d.extendleft([8, 7])
67 self.assertEqual(list(d), [7, 8, 9])
68 d = deque(range(200), maxlen=10)
69 d.append(d)
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +000070 support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
71 fo = open(support.TESTFN, "w")
Christian Heimescc47b052008-03-25 14:56:36 +000072 try:
73 fo.write(str(d))
74 fo.close()
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +000075 fo = open(support.TESTFN, "r")
Christian Heimescc47b052008-03-25 14:56:36 +000076 self.assertEqual(fo.read(), repr(d))
77 finally:
78 fo.close()
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +000079 support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
Christian Heimescc47b052008-03-25 14:56:36 +000080
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +000081 d = deque(range(10), maxlen=None)
82 self.assertEqual(repr(d), 'deque([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])')
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +000083 fo = open(support.TESTFN, "w")
Christian Heimescc47b052008-03-25 14:56:36 +000084 try:
85 fo.write(str(d))
86 fo.close()
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +000087 fo = open(support.TESTFN, "r")
Christian Heimescc47b052008-03-25 14:56:36 +000088 self.assertEqual(fo.read(), repr(d))
89 finally:
90 fo.close()
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +000091 support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +000092
Raymond Hettinger060c7f62009-03-10 09:36:07 +000093 def test_maxlen_zero(self):
94 it = iter(range(100))
95 deque(it, maxlen=0)
96 self.assertEqual(list(it), [])
97
98 it = iter(range(100))
99 d = deque(maxlen=0)
100 d.extend(it)
101 self.assertEqual(list(it), [])
102
103 it = iter(range(100))
104 d = deque(maxlen=0)
105 d.extendleft(it)
106 self.assertEqual(list(it), [])
107
Raymond Hettinger5bb0f0e2009-03-10 12:56:32 +0000108 def test_maxlen_attribute(self):
109 self.assertEqual(deque().maxlen, None)
110 self.assertEqual(deque('abc').maxlen, None)
111 self.assertEqual(deque('abc', maxlen=4).maxlen, 4)
112 self.assertEqual(deque('abc', maxlen=2).maxlen, 2)
113 self.assertEqual(deque('abc', maxlen=0).maxlen, 0)
114 with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
115 d = deque('abc')
116 d.maxlen = 10
117
Raymond Hettinger44459de2010-04-03 23:20:46 +0000118 def test_count(self):
119 for s in ('', 'abracadabra', 'simsalabim'*500+'abc'):
120 s = list(s)
121 d = deque(s)
122 for letter in 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz':
123 self.assertEqual(s.count(letter), d.count(letter), (s, d, letter))
124 self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.count) # too few args
125 self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.count, 1, 2) # too many args
126 class BadCompare:
127 def __eq__(self, other):
128 raise ArithmeticError
129 d = deque([1, 2, BadCompare(), 3])
130 self.assertRaises(ArithmeticError, d.count, 2)
131 d = deque([1, 2, 3])
132 self.assertRaises(ArithmeticError, d.count, BadCompare())
133 class MutatingCompare:
134 def __eq__(self, other):
135 self.d.pop()
136 return True
137 m = MutatingCompare()
138 d = deque([1, 2, 3, m, 4, 5])
139 m.d = d
140 self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, d.count, 3)
141
Raymond Hettinger512d2cc2011-01-25 21:32:39 +0000142 # test issue11004
143 # block advance failed after rotation aligned elements on right side of block
144 d = deque([None]*16)
145 for i in range(len(d)):
146 d.rotate(-1)
147 d.rotate(1)
148 self.assertEqual(d.count(1), 0)
149 self.assertEqual(d.count(None), 16)
150
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000151 def test_comparisons(self):
152 d = deque('xabc'); d.popleft()
153 for e in [d, deque('abc'), deque('ab'), deque(), list(d)]:
154 self.assertEqual(d==e, type(d)==type(e) and list(d)==list(e))
155 self.assertEqual(d!=e, not(type(d)==type(e) and list(d)==list(e)))
156
157 args = map(deque, ('', 'a', 'b', 'ab', 'ba', 'abc', 'xba', 'xabc', 'cba'))
158 for x in args:
159 for y in args:
160 self.assertEqual(x == y, list(x) == list(y), (x,y))
161 self.assertEqual(x != y, list(x) != list(y), (x,y))
162 self.assertEqual(x < y, list(x) < list(y), (x,y))
163 self.assertEqual(x <= y, list(x) <= list(y), (x,y))
164 self.assertEqual(x > y, list(x) > list(y), (x,y))
165 self.assertEqual(x >= y, list(x) >= list(y), (x,y))
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000166
Raymond Hettinger39dadf72015-03-20 16:38:56 -0700167 def test_contains(self):
168 n = 200
169
170 d = deque(range(n))
171 for i in range(n):
172 self.assertTrue(i in d)
173 self.assertTrue((n+1) not in d)
174
175 # Test detection of mutation during iteration
176 d = deque(range(n))
177 d[n//2] = MutateCmp(d, False)
178 with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
179 n in d
180
181 # Test detection of comparison exceptions
182 d = deque(range(n))
183 d[n//2] = BadCmp()
184 with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
185 n in d
186
Raymond Hettinger3ba85c22004-02-06 19:04:56 +0000187 def test_extend(self):
188 d = deque('a')
189 self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.extend, 1)
190 d.extend('bcd')
191 self.assertEqual(list(d), list('abcd'))
Raymond Hettinger3f9afd82009-12-10 03:03:02 +0000192 d.extend(d)
193 self.assertEqual(list(d), list('abcdabcd'))
194
Raymond Hettinger41290a62015-03-31 08:12:23 -0700195 def test_add(self):
196 d = deque()
197 e = deque('abc')
198 f = deque('def')
199 self.assertEqual(d + d, deque())
200 self.assertEqual(e + f, deque('abcdef'))
201 self.assertEqual(e + e, deque('abcabc'))
202 self.assertEqual(e + d, deque('abc'))
203 self.assertEqual(d + e, deque('abc'))
204 self.assertIsNot(d + d, deque())
205 self.assertIsNot(e + d, deque('abc'))
206 self.assertIsNot(d + e, deque('abc'))
207
208 g = deque('abcdef', maxlen=4)
209 h = deque('gh')
210 self.assertEqual(g + h, deque('efgh'))
211
212 with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
213 deque('abc') + 'def'
214
Raymond Hettinger3f9afd82009-12-10 03:03:02 +0000215 def test_iadd(self):
216 d = deque('a')
217 d += 'bcd'
218 self.assertEqual(list(d), list('abcd'))
219 d += d
220 self.assertEqual(list(d), list('abcdabcd'))
Raymond Hettinger3ba85c22004-02-06 19:04:56 +0000221
222 def test_extendleft(self):
223 d = deque('a')
224 self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.extendleft, 1)
225 d.extendleft('bcd')
226 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(reversed('abcd')))
Raymond Hettinger3f9afd82009-12-10 03:03:02 +0000227 d.extendleft(d)
228 self.assertEqual(list(d), list('abcddcba'))
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000229 d = deque()
230 d.extendleft(range(1000))
231 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(reversed(range(1000))))
232 self.assertRaises(SyntaxError, d.extendleft, fail())
Raymond Hettinger3ba85c22004-02-06 19:04:56 +0000233
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000234 def test_getitem(self):
235 n = 200
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000236 d = deque(range(n))
237 l = list(range(n))
238 for i in range(n):
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000239 d.popleft()
240 l.pop(0)
241 if random.random() < 0.5:
242 d.append(i)
243 l.append(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000244 for j in range(1-len(l), len(l)):
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000245 assert d[j] == l[j]
246
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000247 d = deque('superman')
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000248 self.assertEqual(d[0], 's')
249 self.assertEqual(d[-1], 'n')
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000250 d = deque()
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000251 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.__getitem__, 0)
252 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.__getitem__, -1)
253
Raymond Hettinger32ea1652015-03-21 01:37:37 -0700254 def test_index(self):
255 for n in 1, 2, 30, 40, 200:
256
257 d = deque(range(n))
258 for i in range(n):
259 self.assertEqual(d.index(i), i)
260
261 with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
262 d.index(n+1)
263
264 # Test detection of mutation during iteration
265 d = deque(range(n))
266 d[n//2] = MutateCmp(d, False)
267 with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
268 d.index(n)
269
270 # Test detection of comparison exceptions
271 d = deque(range(n))
272 d[n//2] = BadCmp()
273 with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
274 d.index(n)
275
276 # Test start and stop arguments behavior matches list.index()
277 elements = 'ABCDEFGHI'
278 nonelement = 'Z'
279 d = deque(elements * 2)
280 s = list(elements * 2)
281 for start in range(-5 - len(s)*2, 5 + len(s) * 2):
282 for stop in range(-5 - len(s)*2, 5 + len(s) * 2):
283 for element in elements + 'Z':
284 try:
285 target = s.index(element, start, stop)
286 except ValueError:
287 with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
288 d.index(element, start, stop)
289 else:
290 self.assertEqual(d.index(element, start, stop), target)
291
292 def test_insert(self):
293 # Test to make sure insert behaves like lists
294 elements = 'ABCDEFGHI'
295 for i in range(-5 - len(elements)*2, 5 + len(elements) * 2):
296 d = deque('ABCDEFGHI')
297 s = list('ABCDEFGHI')
298 d.insert(i, 'Z')
299 s.insert(i, 'Z')
300 self.assertEqual(list(d), s)
301
Raymond Hettinger41290a62015-03-31 08:12:23 -0700302 def test_imul(self):
303 for n in (-10, -1, 0, 1, 2, 10, 1000):
304 d = deque()
305 d *= n
306 self.assertEqual(d, deque())
307 self.assertIsNone(d.maxlen)
308
309 for n in (-10, -1, 0, 1, 2, 10, 1000):
310 d = deque('a')
311 d *= n
312 self.assertEqual(d, deque('a' * n))
313 self.assertIsNone(d.maxlen)
314
315 for n in (-10, -1, 0, 1, 2, 10, 499, 500, 501, 1000):
316 d = deque('a', 500)
317 d *= n
318 self.assertEqual(d, deque('a' * min(n, 500)))
319 self.assertEqual(d.maxlen, 500)
320
321 for n in (-10, -1, 0, 1, 2, 10, 1000):
322 d = deque('abcdef')
323 d *= n
324 self.assertEqual(d, deque('abcdef' * n))
325 self.assertIsNone(d.maxlen)
326
327 for n in (-10, -1, 0, 1, 2, 10, 499, 500, 501, 1000):
328 d = deque('abcdef', 500)
329 d *= n
330 self.assertEqual(d, deque(('abcdef' * n)[-500:]))
331 self.assertEqual(d.maxlen, 500)
332
333 def test_mul(self):
334 d = deque('abc')
335 self.assertEqual(d * -5, deque())
336 self.assertEqual(d * 0, deque())
337 self.assertEqual(d * 1, deque('abc'))
338 self.assertEqual(d * 2, deque('abcabc'))
339 self.assertEqual(d * 3, deque('abcabcabc'))
340 self.assertIsNot(d * 1, d)
341
342 self.assertEqual(deque() * 0, deque())
343 self.assertEqual(deque() * 1, deque())
344 self.assertEqual(deque() * 5, deque())
345
346 self.assertEqual(-5 * d, deque())
347 self.assertEqual(0 * d, deque())
348 self.assertEqual(1 * d, deque('abc'))
349 self.assertEqual(2 * d, deque('abcabc'))
350 self.assertEqual(3 * d, deque('abcabcabc'))
351
352 d = deque('abc', maxlen=5)
353 self.assertEqual(d * -5, deque())
354 self.assertEqual(d * 0, deque())
355 self.assertEqual(d * 1, deque('abc'))
356 self.assertEqual(d * 2, deque('bcabc'))
357 self.assertEqual(d * 30, deque('bcabc'))
358
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000359 def test_setitem(self):
360 n = 200
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000361 d = deque(range(n))
362 for i in range(n):
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000363 d[i] = 10 * i
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000364 self.assertEqual(list(d), [10*i for i in range(n)])
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000365 l = list(d)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000366 for i in range(1-n, 0, -1):
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000367 d[i] = 7*i
368 l[i] = 7*i
369 self.assertEqual(list(d), l)
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000370
Raymond Hettinger0e371f22004-05-12 20:55:56 +0000371 def test_delitem(self):
372 n = 500 # O(n**2) test, don't make this too big
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000373 d = deque(range(n))
Raymond Hettinger0e371f22004-05-12 20:55:56 +0000374 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.__delitem__, -n-1)
375 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.__delitem__, n)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000376 for i in range(n):
Raymond Hettinger0e371f22004-05-12 20:55:56 +0000377 self.assertEqual(len(d), n-i)
378 j = random.randrange(-len(d), len(d))
379 val = d[j]
Benjamin Peterson577473f2010-01-19 00:09:57 +0000380 self.assertIn(val, d)
Raymond Hettinger0e371f22004-05-12 20:55:56 +0000381 del d[j]
Benjamin Peterson577473f2010-01-19 00:09:57 +0000382 self.assertNotIn(val, d)
Raymond Hettinger0e371f22004-05-12 20:55:56 +0000383 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
384
Raymond Hettingere5fdedb2009-12-10 00:47:21 +0000385 def test_reverse(self):
386 n = 500 # O(n**2) test, don't make this too big
387 data = [random.random() for i in range(n)]
388 for i in range(n):
389 d = deque(data[:i])
390 r = d.reverse()
391 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(reversed(data[:i])))
Ezio Melottib3aedd42010-11-20 19:04:17 +0000392 self.assertIs(r, None)
Raymond Hettingere5fdedb2009-12-10 00:47:21 +0000393 d.reverse()
394 self.assertEqual(list(d), data[:i])
395 self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.reverse, 1) # Arity is zero
396
Raymond Hettinger5c5eb862004-02-07 21:13:00 +0000397 def test_rotate(self):
Raymond Hettingeree33b272004-02-08 04:05:26 +0000398 s = tuple('abcde')
399 n = len(s)
400
Raymond Hettinger5c5eb862004-02-07 21:13:00 +0000401 d = deque(s)
Raymond Hettingeree33b272004-02-08 04:05:26 +0000402 d.rotate(1) # verify rot(1)
403 self.assertEqual(''.join(d), 'eabcd')
404
405 d = deque(s)
406 d.rotate(-1) # verify rot(-1)
407 self.assertEqual(''.join(d), 'bcdea')
408 d.rotate() # check default to 1
409 self.assertEqual(tuple(d), s)
410
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000411 for i in range(n*3):
Raymond Hettingeree33b272004-02-08 04:05:26 +0000412 d = deque(s)
413 e = deque(d)
414 d.rotate(i) # check vs. rot(1) n times
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000415 for j in range(i):
Raymond Hettingeree33b272004-02-08 04:05:26 +0000416 e.rotate(1)
417 self.assertEqual(tuple(d), tuple(e))
418 d.rotate(-i) # check that it works in reverse
419 self.assertEqual(tuple(d), s)
420 e.rotate(n-i) # check that it wraps forward
421 self.assertEqual(tuple(e), s)
422
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000423 for i in range(n*3):
Raymond Hettingeree33b272004-02-08 04:05:26 +0000424 d = deque(s)
425 e = deque(d)
426 d.rotate(-i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000427 for j in range(i):
Raymond Hettingeree33b272004-02-08 04:05:26 +0000428 e.rotate(-1) # check vs. rot(-1) n times
429 self.assertEqual(tuple(d), tuple(e))
430 d.rotate(i) # check that it works in reverse
431 self.assertEqual(tuple(d), s)
432 e.rotate(i-n) # check that it wraps backaround
433 self.assertEqual(tuple(e), s)
434
435 d = deque(s)
436 e = deque(s)
437 e.rotate(BIG+17) # verify on long series of rotates
438 dr = d.rotate
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000439 for i in range(BIG+17):
Raymond Hettingeree33b272004-02-08 04:05:26 +0000440 dr()
441 self.assertEqual(tuple(d), tuple(e))
Raymond Hettinger5c5eb862004-02-07 21:13:00 +0000442
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000443 self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.rotate, 'x') # Wrong arg type
444 self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.rotate, 1, 10) # Too many args
445
446 d = deque()
447 d.rotate() # rotate an empty deque
448 self.assertEqual(d, deque())
449
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000450 def test_len(self):
451 d = deque('ab')
452 self.assertEqual(len(d), 2)
453 d.popleft()
454 self.assertEqual(len(d), 1)
455 d.pop()
456 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000457 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.pop)
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000458 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
459 d.append('c')
460 self.assertEqual(len(d), 1)
461 d.appendleft('d')
462 self.assertEqual(len(d), 2)
463 d.clear()
464 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
465
466 def test_underflow(self):
467 d = deque()
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000468 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.pop)
469 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.popleft)
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000470
471 def test_clear(self):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000472 d = deque(range(100))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000473 self.assertEqual(len(d), 100)
474 d.clear()
475 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
476 self.assertEqual(list(d), [])
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000477 d.clear() # clear an emtpy deque
478 self.assertEqual(list(d), [])
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000479
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +0000480 def test_remove(self):
481 d = deque('abcdefghcij')
482 d.remove('c')
483 self.assertEqual(d, deque('abdefghcij'))
484 d.remove('c')
485 self.assertEqual(d, deque('abdefghij'))
486 self.assertRaises(ValueError, d.remove, 'c')
487 self.assertEqual(d, deque('abdefghij'))
488
Walter Dörwaldc448a912005-03-22 11:22:38 +0000489 # Handle comparison errors
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +0000490 d = deque(['a', 'b', BadCmp(), 'c'])
491 e = deque(d)
492 self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, d.remove, 'c')
493 for x, y in zip(d, e):
494 # verify that original order and values are retained.
Benjamin Petersonc9c0f202009-06-30 23:06:06 +0000495 self.assertTrue(x is y)
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +0000496
497 # Handle evil mutator
Raymond Hettingerd73202c2005-03-19 00:00:51 +0000498 for match in (True, False):
499 d = deque(['ab'])
500 d.extend([MutateCmp(d, match), 'c'])
501 self.assertRaises(IndexError, d.remove, 'c')
502 self.assertEqual(d, deque())
Raymond Hettinger4aec61e2005-03-18 21:20:23 +0000503
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000504 def test_repr(self):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000505 d = deque(range(200))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000506 e = eval(repr(d))
507 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
508 d.append(d)
Benjamin Peterson577473f2010-01-19 00:09:57 +0000509 self.assertIn('...', repr(d))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000510
511 def test_print(self):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000512 d = deque(range(200))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000513 d.append(d)
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000514 try:
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +0000515 support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
516 fo = open(support.TESTFN, "w")
Christian Heimescc47b052008-03-25 14:56:36 +0000517 print(d, file=fo, end='')
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000518 fo.close()
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +0000519 fo = open(support.TESTFN, "r")
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000520 self.assertEqual(fo.read(), repr(d))
521 finally:
522 fo.close()
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +0000523 support.unlink(support.TESTFN)
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000524
525 def test_init(self):
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +0000526 self.assertRaises(TypeError, deque, 'abc', 2, 3);
Raymond Hettingera435c532004-07-09 04:10:20 +0000527 self.assertRaises(TypeError, deque, 1);
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000528
529 def test_hash(self):
530 self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, deque('abc'))
531
532 def test_long_steadystate_queue_popleft(self):
533 for size in (0, 1, 2, 100, 1000):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000534 d = deque(range(size))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000535 append, pop = d.append, d.popleft
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000536 for i in range(size, BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000537 append(i)
538 x = pop()
539 if x != i - size:
540 self.assertEqual(x, i-size)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000541 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(range(BIG-size, BIG)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000542
543 def test_long_steadystate_queue_popright(self):
544 for size in (0, 1, 2, 100, 1000):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000545 d = deque(reversed(range(size)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000546 append, pop = d.appendleft, d.pop
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000547 for i in range(size, BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000548 append(i)
549 x = pop()
550 if x != i - size:
551 self.assertEqual(x, i-size)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000552 self.assertEqual(list(reversed(list(d))),
553 list(range(BIG-size, BIG)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000554
555 def test_big_queue_popleft(self):
556 pass
557 d = deque()
558 append, pop = d.append, d.popleft
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000559 for i in range(BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000560 append(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000561 for i in range(BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000562 x = pop()
563 if x != i:
564 self.assertEqual(x, i)
565
566 def test_big_queue_popright(self):
567 d = deque()
568 append, pop = d.appendleft, d.pop
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000569 for i in range(BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000570 append(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000571 for i in range(BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000572 x = pop()
573 if x != i:
574 self.assertEqual(x, i)
575
576 def test_big_stack_right(self):
577 d = deque()
578 append, pop = d.append, d.pop
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000579 for i in range(BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000580 append(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000581 for i in reversed(range(BIG)):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000582 x = pop()
583 if x != i:
584 self.assertEqual(x, i)
585 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
586
587 def test_big_stack_left(self):
588 d = deque()
589 append, pop = d.appendleft, d.popleft
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000590 for i in range(BIG):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000591 append(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000592 for i in reversed(range(BIG)):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000593 x = pop()
594 if x != i:
595 self.assertEqual(x, i)
596 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
597
598 def test_roundtrip_iter_init(self):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000599 d = deque(range(200))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000600 e = deque(d)
601 self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
602 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
603
604 def test_pickle(self):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000605 d = deque(range(200))
Hirokazu Yamamoto801f9d32008-12-27 04:21:44 +0000606 for i in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
Raymond Hettinger952f8802004-11-09 07:27:35 +0000607 s = pickle.dumps(d, i)
608 e = pickle.loads(s)
609 self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
610 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
611
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +0000612## def test_pickle_recursive(self):
613## d = deque('abc')
614## d.append(d)
Hirokazu Yamamoto801f9d32008-12-27 04:21:44 +0000615## for i in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +0000616## e = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(d, i))
617## self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
618## self.assertEqual(id(e), id(e[-1]))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000619
Kristján Valur Jónsson31668b82012-04-03 10:49:41 +0000620 def test_iterator_pickle(self):
621 data = deque(range(200))
Serhiy Storchakabad12572014-12-15 14:03:42 +0200622 for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
623 it = itorg = iter(data)
624 d = pickle.dumps(it, proto)
625 it = pickle.loads(d)
626 self.assertEqual(type(itorg), type(it))
627 self.assertEqual(list(it), list(data))
Kristján Valur Jónsson31668b82012-04-03 10:49:41 +0000628
Serhiy Storchakabad12572014-12-15 14:03:42 +0200629 it = pickle.loads(d)
630 next(it)
631 d = pickle.dumps(it, proto)
632 self.assertEqual(list(it), list(data)[1:])
Kristján Valur Jónsson31668b82012-04-03 10:49:41 +0000633
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000634 def test_deepcopy(self):
635 mut = [10]
636 d = deque([mut])
637 e = copy.deepcopy(d)
638 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
639 mut[0] = 11
640 self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
641 self.assertNotEqual(list(d), list(e))
642
643 def test_copy(self):
644 mut = [10]
645 d = deque([mut])
646 e = copy.copy(d)
647 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
648 mut[0] = 11
649 self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
650 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
651
Raymond Hettinger32ea1652015-03-21 01:37:37 -0700652 def test_copy_method(self):
653 mut = [10]
654 d = deque([mut])
655 e = d.copy()
656 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
657 mut[0] = 11
658 self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
659 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
660
Raymond Hettingerc058fd12004-02-07 02:45:22 +0000661 def test_reversed(self):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000662 for s in ('abcd', range(2000)):
Raymond Hettingerc058fd12004-02-07 02:45:22 +0000663 self.assertEqual(list(reversed(deque(s))), list(reversed(s)))
664
Raymond Hettingerbadf5d82014-06-14 20:41:22 -0700665 def test_reversed_new(self):
666 klass = type(reversed(deque()))
667 for s in ('abcd', range(2000)):
668 self.assertEqual(list(klass(deque(s))), list(reversed(s)))
669
Tim Peters10c7e862004-10-01 02:01:04 +0000670 def test_gc_doesnt_blowup(self):
671 import gc
672 # This used to assert-fail in deque_traverse() under a debug
673 # build, or run wild with a NULL pointer in a release build.
674 d = deque()
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000675 for i in range(100):
Tim Peters10c7e862004-10-01 02:01:04 +0000676 d.append(1)
677 gc.collect()
678
Antoine Pitrou7ddda782009-01-01 15:35:33 +0000679 def test_container_iterator(self):
680 # Bug #3680: tp_traverse was not implemented for deque iterator objects
681 class C(object):
682 pass
683 for i in range(2):
684 obj = C()
685 ref = weakref.ref(obj)
686 if i == 0:
687 container = deque([obj, 1])
688 else:
689 container = reversed(deque([obj, 1]))
690 obj.x = iter(container)
691 del obj, container
692 gc.collect()
Benjamin Petersonc9c0f202009-06-30 23:06:06 +0000693 self.assertTrue(ref() is None, "Cycle was not collected")
Antoine Pitrou7ddda782009-01-01 15:35:33 +0000694
Jesus Cea16e2fca2012-08-03 14:49:42 +0200695 check_sizeof = support.check_sizeof
696
697 @support.cpython_only
698 def test_sizeof(self):
Raymond Hettingerdaf57f22015-02-26 23:21:29 -0800699 BLOCKLEN = 64
Jesus Cea1659b752012-08-03 14:52:12 +0200700 basesize = support.calcobjsize('2P4nlP')
Jesus Cea16e2fca2012-08-03 14:49:42 +0200701 blocksize = struct.calcsize('2P%dP' % BLOCKLEN)
702 self.assertEqual(object.__sizeof__(deque()), basesize)
703 check = self.check_sizeof
704 check(deque(), basesize + blocksize)
705 check(deque('a'), basesize + blocksize)
Raymond Hettingerd9c116c2013-07-09 00:13:21 -0700706 check(deque('a' * (BLOCKLEN - 1)), basesize + blocksize)
707 check(deque('a' * BLOCKLEN), basesize + 2 * blocksize)
Jesus Cea16e2fca2012-08-03 14:49:42 +0200708 check(deque('a' * (42 * BLOCKLEN)), basesize + 43 * blocksize)
709
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000710class TestVariousIteratorArgs(unittest.TestCase):
711
712 def test_constructor(self):
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000713 for s in ("123", "", range(1000), ('do', 1.2), range(2000,2200,5)):
Walter Dörwald09a3f2c2005-03-22 22:43:28 +0000714 for g in (seq_tests.Sequence, seq_tests.IterFunc,
715 seq_tests.IterGen, seq_tests.IterFuncStop,
716 seq_tests.itermulti, seq_tests.iterfunc):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000717 self.assertEqual(list(deque(g(s))), list(g(s)))
Walter Dörwald09a3f2c2005-03-22 22:43:28 +0000718 self.assertRaises(TypeError, deque, seq_tests.IterNextOnly(s))
719 self.assertRaises(TypeError, deque, seq_tests.IterNoNext(s))
720 self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, deque, seq_tests.IterGenExc(s))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000721
722 def test_iter_with_altered_data(self):
723 d = deque('abcdefg')
724 it = iter(d)
725 d.pop()
Georg Brandla18af4e2007-04-21 15:47:16 +0000726 self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, next, it)
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000727
Thomas Wouters902d6eb2007-01-09 23:18:33 +0000728 def test_runtime_error_on_empty_deque(self):
729 d = deque()
730 it = iter(d)
731 d.append(10)
Georg Brandla18af4e2007-04-21 15:47:16 +0000732 self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, next, it)
Thomas Wouters902d6eb2007-01-09 23:18:33 +0000733
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000734class Deque(deque):
735 pass
736
Raymond Hettinger952f8802004-11-09 07:27:35 +0000737class DequeWithBadIter(deque):
738 def __iter__(self):
739 raise TypeError
740
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000741class TestSubclass(unittest.TestCase):
742
743 def test_basics(self):
Christian Heimes38053212007-12-14 01:24:44 +0000744 d = Deque(range(25))
745 d.__init__(range(200))
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000746 for i in range(200, 400):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000747 d.append(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000748 for i in reversed(range(-200, 0)):
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000749 d.appendleft(i)
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000750 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(range(-200, 400)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000751 self.assertEqual(len(d), 600)
752
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000753 left = [d.popleft() for i in range(250)]
754 self.assertEqual(left, list(range(-200, 50)))
755 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(range(50, 400)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000756
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000757 right = [d.pop() for i in range(250)]
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000758 right.reverse()
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000759 self.assertEqual(right, list(range(150, 400)))
760 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(range(50, 150)))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000761
762 d.clear()
763 self.assertEqual(len(d), 0)
764
765 def test_copy_pickle(self):
766
767 d = Deque('abc')
768
769 e = d.__copy__()
770 self.assertEqual(type(d), type(e))
771 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
772
773 e = Deque(d)
774 self.assertEqual(type(d), type(e))
775 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
776
Serhiy Storchakabad12572014-12-15 14:03:42 +0200777 for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
778 s = pickle.dumps(d, proto)
779 e = pickle.loads(s)
780 self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
781 self.assertEqual(type(d), type(e))
782 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000783
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +0000784 d = Deque('abcde', maxlen=4)
Raymond Hettinger952f8802004-11-09 07:27:35 +0000785
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +0000786 e = d.__copy__()
787 self.assertEqual(type(d), type(e))
788 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
789
790 e = Deque(d)
791 self.assertEqual(type(d), type(e))
792 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
793
Serhiy Storchakabad12572014-12-15 14:03:42 +0200794 for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
795 s = pickle.dumps(d, proto)
796 e = pickle.loads(s)
797 self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
798 self.assertEqual(type(d), type(e))
799 self.assertEqual(list(d), list(e))
Raymond Hettinger952f8802004-11-09 07:27:35 +0000800
Guido van Rossum8ce8a782007-11-01 19:42:39 +0000801## def test_pickle(self):
802## d = Deque('abc')
803## d.append(d)
804##
805## e = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(d))
806## self.assertNotEqual(id(d), id(e))
807## self.assertEqual(type(d), type(e))
808## dd = d.pop()
809## ee = e.pop()
810## self.assertEqual(id(e), id(ee))
811## self.assertEqual(d, e)
812##
813## d.x = d
814## e = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(d))
815## self.assertEqual(id(e), id(e.x))
816##
817## d = DequeWithBadIter('abc')
818## self.assertRaises(TypeError, pickle.dumps, d)
Raymond Hettinger952f8802004-11-09 07:27:35 +0000819
Raymond Hettinger691d8052004-05-30 07:26:47 +0000820 def test_weakref(self):
821 d = deque('gallahad')
Antoine Pitrou7ddda782009-01-01 15:35:33 +0000822 p = weakref.proxy(d)
Raymond Hettinger691d8052004-05-30 07:26:47 +0000823 self.assertEqual(str(p), str(d))
824 d = None
825 self.assertRaises(ReferenceError, str, p)
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000826
Armin Rigo974d7572004-10-02 13:59:34 +0000827 def test_strange_subclass(self):
828 class X(deque):
829 def __iter__(self):
830 return iter([])
831 d1 = X([1,2,3])
832 d2 = X([4,5,6])
833 d1 == d2 # not clear if this is supposed to be True or False,
834 # but it used to give a SystemError
835
Thomas Woutersb2137042007-02-01 18:02:27 +0000836
837class SubclassWithKwargs(deque):
838 def __init__(self, newarg=1):
839 deque.__init__(self)
840
841class TestSubclassWithKwargs(unittest.TestCase):
842 def test_subclass_with_kwargs(self):
843 # SF bug #1486663 -- this used to erroneously raise a TypeError
844 SubclassWithKwargs(newarg=1)
845
Raymond Hettinger067bbba2015-04-01 08:11:09 -0700846class TestSequence(seq_tests.CommonTest):
847 type2test = deque
848
849 def test_getitem(self):
850 # For now, bypass tests that require slicing
851 pass
852
853 def test_getslice(self):
854 # For now, bypass tests that require slicing
855 pass
856
857 def test_subscript(self):
858 # For now, bypass tests that require slicing
859 pass
860
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000861#==============================================================================
862
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000863libreftest = """
864Example from the Library Reference: Doc/lib/libcollections.tex
865
866>>> from collections import deque
867>>> d = deque('ghi') # make a new deque with three items
868>>> for elem in d: # iterate over the deque's elements
Guido van Rossum7131f842007-02-09 20:13:25 +0000869... print(elem.upper())
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000870G
871H
872I
873>>> d.append('j') # add a new entry to the right side
874>>> d.appendleft('f') # add a new entry to the left side
875>>> d # show the representation of the deque
876deque(['f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j'])
877>>> d.pop() # return and remove the rightmost item
878'j'
879>>> d.popleft() # return and remove the leftmost item
880'f'
881>>> list(d) # list the contents of the deque
882['g', 'h', 'i']
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000883>>> d[0] # peek at leftmost item
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000884'g'
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000885>>> d[-1] # peek at rightmost item
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000886'i'
887>>> list(reversed(d)) # list the contents of a deque in reverse
888['i', 'h', 'g']
889>>> 'h' in d # search the deque
890True
891>>> d.extend('jkl') # add multiple elements at once
892>>> d
893deque(['g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l'])
894>>> d.rotate(1) # right rotation
895>>> d
896deque(['l', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k'])
897>>> d.rotate(-1) # left rotation
898>>> d
899deque(['g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l'])
900>>> deque(reversed(d)) # make a new deque in reverse order
901deque(['l', 'k', 'j', 'i', 'h', 'g'])
902>>> d.clear() # empty the deque
903>>> d.pop() # cannot pop from an empty deque
904Traceback (most recent call last):
905 File "<pyshell#6>", line 1, in -toplevel-
906 d.pop()
907IndexError: pop from an empty deque
908
909>>> d.extendleft('abc') # extendleft() reverses the input order
910>>> d
911deque(['c', 'b', 'a'])
912
Raymond Hettingere7169eb2004-05-09 01:15:01 +0000913
914
Raymond Hettingere7169eb2004-05-09 01:15:01 +0000915>>> def delete_nth(d, n):
Raymond Hettingere7169eb2004-05-09 01:15:01 +0000916... d.rotate(-n)
917... d.popleft()
918... d.rotate(n)
919...
920>>> d = deque('abcdef')
921>>> delete_nth(d, 2) # remove the entry at d[2]
922>>> d
923deque(['a', 'b', 'd', 'e', 'f'])
924
925
926
927>>> def roundrobin(*iterables):
928... pending = deque(iter(i) for i in iterables)
929... while pending:
930... task = pending.popleft()
931... try:
Georg Brandla18af4e2007-04-21 15:47:16 +0000932... yield next(task)
Raymond Hettingere7169eb2004-05-09 01:15:01 +0000933... except StopIteration:
934... continue
935... pending.append(task)
936...
937
938>>> for value in roundrobin('abc', 'd', 'efgh'):
Guido van Rossum7131f842007-02-09 20:13:25 +0000939... print(value)
Guido van Rossumd8faa362007-04-27 19:54:29 +0000940...
Raymond Hettingere7169eb2004-05-09 01:15:01 +0000941a
942d
943e
944b
945f
946c
947g
948h
949
950
951>>> def maketree(iterable):
952... d = deque(iterable)
953... while len(d) > 1:
954... pair = [d.popleft(), d.popleft()]
955... d.append(pair)
956... return list(d)
957...
Guido van Rossum7131f842007-02-09 20:13:25 +0000958>>> print(maketree('abcdefgh'))
Raymond Hettingere7169eb2004-05-09 01:15:01 +0000959[[[['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd']], [['e', 'f'], ['g', 'h']]]]
960
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000961"""
962
963
964#==============================================================================
965
966__test__ = {'libreftest' : libreftest}
967
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000968def test_main(verbose=None):
969 import sys
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000970 test_classes = (
971 TestBasic,
972 TestVariousIteratorArgs,
973 TestSubclass,
Thomas Woutersb2137042007-02-01 18:02:27 +0000974 TestSubclassWithKwargs,
Raymond Hettinger067bbba2015-04-01 08:11:09 -0700975 TestSequence,
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000976 )
977
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +0000978 support.run_unittest(*test_classes)
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000979
980 # verify reference counting
981 if verbose and hasattr(sys, "gettotalrefcount"):
982 import gc
983 counts = [None] * 5
Guido van Rossum805365e2007-05-07 22:24:25 +0000984 for i in range(len(counts)):
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +0000985 support.run_unittest(*test_classes)
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000986 gc.collect()
987 counts[i] = sys.gettotalrefcount()
Guido van Rossumbe19ed72007-02-09 05:37:30 +0000988 print(counts)
Raymond Hettinger0a4977c2004-03-01 23:16:22 +0000989
Raymond Hettinger738ec902004-02-29 02:15:56 +0000990 # doctests
991 from test import test_deque
Benjamin Petersonee8712c2008-05-20 21:35:26 +0000992 support.run_doctest(test_deque, verbose)
Raymond Hettinger756b3f32004-01-29 06:37:52 +0000993
994if __name__ == "__main__":
995 test_main(verbose=True)