blob: c5cae18e2b3e7d6eb954adfa9a64e98332d34684 [file] [log] [blame]
Barry Warsawc0bf33e2003-07-25 01:12:48 +00001This is Python version 2.3 release candidate 2
Jeremy Hyltonfa2d0eb2003-07-17 17:58:38 +00002==============================================
Guido van Rossum91447632000-04-11 17:11:09 +00003
Guido van Rossumf1226882002-12-31 01:50:07 +00004Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003 Python Software Foundation.
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00005All rights reserved.
6
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00007Copyright (c) 2000 BeOpen.com.
8All rights reserved.
9
Guido van Rossum23f7aed2001-04-12 20:53:31 +000010Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000011All rights reserved.
12
Guido van Rossum6ebd2992000-09-03 04:47:47 +000013Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000014All rights reserved.
15
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000016
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000017License information
18-------------------
19
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000020See the file "LICENSE" for information on the history of this
21software, terms & conditions for usage, and a DISCLAIMER OF ALL
22WARRANTIES.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000023
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000024This Python distribution contains no GNU General Public Licensed
25(GPLed) code so it may be used in proprietary projects just like prior
26Python distributions. There are interfaces to some GNU code but these
27are entirely optional.
28
29All trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective
30holders.
Guido van Rossum79808261997-12-11 18:01:47 +000031
32
Guido van Rossum8d7d4ed1996-07-30 21:41:07 +000033What's new in this release?
34---------------------------
Guido van Rossum3ff96dd1996-07-30 18:05:04 +000035
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +000036See the file "Misc/NEWS".
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +000037
38If you don't read instructions
39------------------------------
40
41Congratulations on getting this far. :-)
42
43To start building right away (on UNIX): type "./configure" in the
Guido van Rossum2dcec0c2002-02-04 01:59:23 +000044current directory and when it finishes, type "make". This creates an
45executable "./python"; to install in /usr/local, first do "su root"
46and then "make install".
47
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +000048The section `Build instructions' below is still recommended reading,
Guido van Rossum2dcec0c2002-02-04 01:59:23 +000049especially the part on customizing Modules/Setup.
Guido van Rossum3ff96dd1996-07-30 18:05:04 +000050
51
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +000052What is Python anyway?
53----------------------
54
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000055Python is an interpreted object-oriented programming language suitable
56(amongst other uses) for distributed application development,
57scripting, numeric computing and system testing. Python is often
58compared to Tcl, Perl, Java, JavaScript, Visual Basic or Scheme. To
59find out more about what Python can do for you, point your browser to
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +000060http://www.python.org/.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +000061
62
Guido van Rossumf501b4e1996-10-25 14:32:48 +000063How do I learn Python?
64----------------------
65
Fred Drake0e6444c1999-05-17 19:35:01 +000066The official tutorial is still a good place to start; see
Guido van Rossumd0a42e22000-03-31 20:16:45 +000067http://www.python.org/doc/ for online and downloadable versions, as
68well as a list of other introductions, and reference documentation.
Guido van Rossumf501b4e1996-10-25 14:32:48 +000069
Guido van Rossumd0a42e22000-03-31 20:16:45 +000070There's a quickly growing set of books on Python. See
Skip Montanaro932dab62003-06-12 14:04:33 +000071http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/moinmoin/PythonBooks for a list.
Guido van Rossum8d90f9d1997-05-22 20:13:25 +000072
Guido van Rossumf501b4e1996-10-25 14:32:48 +000073
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000074Documentation
75-------------
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +000076
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000077All documentation is provided online in a variety of formats. In
78order of importance for new users: Tutorial, Library Reference,
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000079Language Reference, Extending & Embedding, and the Python/C API. The
80Library Reference is especially of immense value since much of
81Python's power is described there, including the built-in data types
82and functions!
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +000083
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000084All documentation is also available online at the Python web site
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000085(http://www.python.org/doc/, see below). It is available online for
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000086occasional reference, or can be downloaded in many formats for faster
Fred Drake6caae142000-10-25 17:51:02 +000087access. The documentation is available in HTML, PostScript, PDF, and
88LaTeX formats; the LaTeX version is primarily for documentation
89authors, translators, and people with special formatting requirements.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000090
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +000091The best documentation for the new (in Python 2.2) type/class
92unification features is Guido's tutorial introduction, at
Barry Warsaw06557452001-12-14 20:47:12 +000093
Guido van Rossum1c63a592002-07-09 18:44:09 +000094 http://www.python.org/2.2.1/descrintro.html
Barry Warsaw06557452001-12-14 20:47:12 +000095
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000096
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +000097Web sites
98---------
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +000099
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000100New Python releases and related technologies are published at
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +0000101http://www.python.org/. Come visit us!
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000102
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +0000103There's also a Python community web site at
104http://starship.python.net/.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000105
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000106
107Newsgroups and Mailing Lists
108----------------------------
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000109
110Read comp.lang.python, a high-volume discussion newsgroup about
111Python, or comp.lang.python.announce, a low-volume moderated newsgroup
112for Python-related announcements. These are also accessible as
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000113mailing lists: see http://www.python.org/psa/MailingLists.html for an
114overview of the many Python-related mailing lists.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000115
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +0000116Archives are accessible via the Google Groups usenet archive; see
117http://groups.google.com/. The mailing lists are also archived, see
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000118http://www.python.org/psa/MailingLists.html for details.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000119
120
121Bug reports
122-----------
123
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000124To report or search for bugs, please use the Python Bug
125Tracker at http://sourceforge.net/bugs/?group_id=5470.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000126
127
128Patches and contributions
129-------------------------
130
Fred Drake6caae142000-10-25 17:51:02 +0000131To submit a patch or other contribution, please use the Python Patch
132Manager at http://sourceforge.net/patch/?group_id=5470. Guidelines
133for patch submission may be found at http://www.python.org/patches/.
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000134
135If you have a proposal to change Python, it's best to submit a Python
136Enhancement Proposal (PEP) first. All current PEPs, as well as
Walter Dörwald7dc65d62003-02-02 23:37:05 +0000137guidelines for submitting a new PEP, are listed at
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +0000138http://python.sourceforge.net/peps/.
139
140
141Questions
142---------
143
144For help, if you can't find it in the manuals or on the web site, it's
145best to post to the comp.lang.python or the Python mailing list (see
146above). If you specifically don't want to involve the newsgroup or
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +0000147mailing list, send questions to help@python.org (a group of volunteers
148who answer questions as they can). The newsgroup is the most
149efficient way to ask public questions.
Guido van Rossum627b2d71993-12-24 10:39:16 +0000150
Guido van Rossum901454e2000-06-29 22:28:44 +0000151
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000152Build instructions
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000153==================
Guido van Rossum627b2d71993-12-24 10:39:16 +0000154
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000155Before you can build Python, you must first configure it.
156Fortunately, the configuration and build process has been automated
157for Unix and Linux installations, so all you usually have to do is
158type a few commands and sit back. There are some platforms where
159things are not quite as smooth; see the platform specific notes below.
160If you want to build for multiple platforms sharing the same source
161tree, see the section on VPATH below.
Guido van Rossum627b2d71993-12-24 10:39:16 +0000162
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000163Start by running the script "./configure", which determines your
164system configuration and creates the Makefile. (It takes a minute or
165two -- please be patient!) You may want to pass options to the
166configure script -- see the section below on configuration options and
167variables. When it's done, you are ready to run make.
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000168
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000169To build Python, you normally type "make" in the toplevel directory.
170If you have changed the configuration, the Makefile may have to be
171rebuilt. In this case you may have to run make again to correctly
172build your desired target. The interpreter executable is built in the
173top level directory.
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000174
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000175Once you have built a Python interpreter, see the subsections below on
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000176testing and installation. If you run into trouble, see the next
177section.
178
179Previous versions of Python used a manual configuration process that
180involved editing the file Modules/Setup. While this file still exists
181and manual configuration is still supported, it is rarely needed any
182more: almost all modules are automatically built as appropriate under
183guidance of the setup.py script, which is run by Make after the
184interpreter has been built.
Guido van Rossum627b2d71993-12-24 10:39:16 +0000185
Guido van Rossum0a516c91994-09-12 10:58:40 +0000186
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000187Troubleshooting
188---------------
Guido van Rossum627b2d71993-12-24 10:39:16 +0000189
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000190See also the platform specific notes in the next section.
191
Guido van Rossum49523691997-08-15 18:30:14 +0000192If you run into other trouble, see section 3 of the FAQ
Guido van Rossum901454e2000-06-29 22:28:44 +0000193(http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/faqw.py or
Guido van Rossum49523691997-08-15 18:30:14 +0000194http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html) for hints on what can go wrong,
195and how to fix it.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000196
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000197If you rerun the configure script with different options, remove all
198object files by running "make clean" before rebuilding. Believe it or
199not, "make clean" sometimes helps to clean up other inexplicable
200problems as well. Try it before sending in a bug report!
201
Guido van Rossumd0fe8451996-08-26 03:02:37 +0000202If the configure script fails or doesn't seem to find things that
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +0000203should be there, inspect the config.log file. When you fix a
204configure problem, be sure to remove config.cache!
205
206If you get a warning for every file about the -Olimit option being no
207longer supported, you can ignore it. There's no foolproof way to know
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000208whether this option is needed; all we can do is test whether it is
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +0000209accepted without error. On some systems, e.g. older SGI compilers, it
210is essential for performance (specifically when compiling ceval.c,
211which has more basic blocks than the default limit of 1000). If the
212warning bothers you, edit the Makefile to remove "-Olimit 1500" from
213the OPT variable.
Guido van Rossumd0fe8451996-08-26 03:02:37 +0000214
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000215If you get failures in test_long, or sys.maxint gets set to -1, you
216are probably experiencing compiler bugs, usually related to
Martin v. Löwis9cea5f52002-11-15 07:28:05 +0000217optimization. This is a common problem with some versions of gcc, and
218some vendor-supplied compilers, which can sometimes be worked around
219by turning off optimization. Consider switching to stable versions
220(gcc 2.95.2, or contact your vendor.)
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000221
222From Python 2.0 onward, all Python C code is ANSI C. Compiling using
223old K&R-C-only compilers is no longer possible. ANSI C compilers are
224available for all modern systems, either in the form of updated
Martin v. Löwis9cea5f52002-11-15 07:28:05 +0000225compilers from the vendor, or one of the free compilers (gcc).
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000226
Martin v. Löwis779ffc02002-12-02 22:17:01 +0000227Unsupported systems
228-------------------
229
230A number of features are not supported in Python 2.3 anymore. Some
231support code is still present, but will be removed in Python 2.4.
232If you still need to use current Python versions on these systems,
233please send a message to python-dev@python.org indicating that you
234volunteer to support this system.
235
236More specifically, the following systems are not supported any
237longer:
238- SunOS 4
239- DYNIX
240- dgux
241- Minix
242- Irix 4 and --with-sgi-dl
243- Linux 1
244- Systems defining __d6_pthread_create (configure.in)
245- Systems defining PY_PTHREAD_D4, PY_PTHREAD_D6,
246 or PY_PTHREAD_D7 in thread_pthread.h
247- Systems using --with-dl-dld
Martin v. Löwis7e4cfcb2002-12-19 16:21:49 +0000248- Systems using --without-universal-newlines
Martin v. Löwis779ffc02002-12-02 22:17:01 +0000249
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000250Platform specific notes
251-----------------------
252
Guido van Rossum0447a321995-10-08 01:22:33 +0000253(Some of these may no longer apply. If you find you can build Python
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +0000254on these platforms without the special directions mentioned here,
255submit a documentation bug report to SourceForge (see Bug Reports
256above) so we can remove them!)
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000257
Skip Montanaro6dc4a8e2003-05-02 15:27:59 +0000258Unix platforms: If your vendor still ships (and you still use) Berkeley DB
259 1.85 you will need to edit Modules/Setup to build the bsddb185
260 module and add a line to sitecustomize.py which makes it the
261 default. In Modules/Setup a line like
262
263 bsddb185 bsddbmodule.c
264
265 should work. (You may need to add -I, -L or -l flags to direct the
266 compiler and linker to your include files and libraries.) You can
267 then force it to be the version people import by adding
268
269 import bsddb185 as bsddb
270
271 in sitecustomize.py.
272
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +000027364-bit platforms: The modules audioop, imageop and rgbimg don't work.
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000274 The setup.py script disables them on 64-bit installations.
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +0000275 Don't try to enable them in the Modules/Setup file. They
276 contain code that is quite wordsize sensitive. (If you have a
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000277 fix, let us know!)
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +0000278
Guido van Rossum4462e931997-01-22 21:00:32 +0000279Solaris: When using Sun's C compiler with threads, at least on Solaris
280 2.5.1, you need to add the "-mt" compiler option (the simplest
281 way is probably to specify the compiler with this option as
282 the "CC" environment variable when running the configure
283 script).
284
Guido van Rossum42992312002-09-23 14:02:18 +0000285 When using GCC on Solaris, beware of binutils 2.13 or GCC
286 versions built using it. This mistakenly enables the
287 -zcombreloc option which creates broken shared libraries on
288 Solaris. binutils 2.12 works, and the binutils maintainers
Skip Montanaro4de9cba2003-01-03 16:26:23 +0000289 are aware of the problem. Binutils 2.13.1 only partially
290 fixed things. It appears that 2.13.2 solves the problem
291 completely. This problem is known to occur with Solaris 2.7
292 and 2.8, but may also affect earlier and later versions of the
293 OS.
Guido van Rossum42992312002-09-23 14:02:18 +0000294
Martin v. Löwis9cea5f52002-11-15 07:28:05 +0000295 When the dynamic loader complains about errors finding shared
296 libraries, such as
297
298 ld.so.1: ./python: fatal: libstdc++.so.5: open failed:
299 No such file or directory
300
301 you need to first make sure that the library is available on
302 your system. Then, you need to instruct the dynamic loader how
Walter Dörwald7dc65d62003-02-02 23:37:05 +0000303 to find it. You can choose any of the following strategies:
Martin v. Löwis9cea5f52002-11-15 07:28:05 +0000304
305 1. When compiling Python, set LD_RUN_PATH to the directories
306 containing missing libraries.
307 2. When running Python, set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to these directories.
308 3. Use crle(8) to extend the search path of the loader.
309 4. Modify the installed GCC specs file, adding -R options into the
310 *link: section.
311
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000312Linux: A problem with threads and fork() was tracked down to a bug in
313 the pthreads code in glibc version 2.0.5; glibc version 2.0.7
314 solves the problem. This causes the popen2 test to fail;
315 problem and solution reported by Pablo Bleyer.
Guido van Rossum4462e931997-01-22 21:00:32 +0000316
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000317 Under Linux systems using GNU libc 2 (aka libc6), the crypt
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000318 module now needs the -lcrypt option. The setup.py script
319 takes care of this automatically.
Fred Drake61280911997-12-08 14:10:40 +0000320
Martin v. Löwis3efa04a2003-06-14 05:29:27 +0000321Red Hat Linux: Red Hat 9 built Python2.2 in UCS-4 mode and hacked
322 Tcl to support it. To compile Python2.3 with Tkinter, you will
323 need to pass --enable-unicode=ucs4 flag to ./configure.
324
325 There's an executable /usr/bin/python which is Python
326 1.5.2 on most older Red Hat installations; several key Red Hat tools
Guido van Rossum2dcec0c2002-02-04 01:59:23 +0000327 require this version. Python 2.1.x may be installed as
328 /usr/bin/python2. The Makefile installs Python as
329 /usr/local/bin/python, which may or may not take precedence
330 over /usr/bin/python, depending on how you have set up $PATH.
331
Guido van Rossum59230501999-06-21 20:51:46 +0000332FreeBSD 3.x and probably platforms with NCurses that use libmytinfo or
333 similar: When using cursesmodule, the linking is not done in
334 the correct order with the defaults. Remove "-ltermcap" from
335 the readline entry in Setup, and use as curses entry: "curses
336 cursesmodule.c -lmytinfo -lncurses -ltermcap" - "mytinfo" (so
337 called on FreeBSD) should be the name of the auxiliary library
338 required on your platform. Normally, it would be linked
339 automatically, but not necessarily in the correct order.
340
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000341BSDI: BSDI versions before 4.1 have known problems with threads,
342 which can cause strange errors in a number of modules (for
343 instance, the 'test_signal' test script will hang forever.)
344 Turning off threads (with --with-threads=no) or upgrading to
345 BSDI 4.1 solves this problem.
346
347DEC Unix: Run configure with --with-dec-threads, or with
348 --with-threads=no if no threads are desired (threads are on by
349 default). When using GCC, it is possible to get an internal
350 compiler error if optimization is used. This was reported for
351 GCC 2.7.2.3 on selectmodule.c. Manually compile the affected
352 file without optimization to solve the problem.
Guido van Rossum8eca2c21996-02-14 18:37:46 +0000353
Guido van Rossume1cdb161999-04-10 16:04:07 +0000354DEC Ultrix: compile with GCC to avoid bugs in the native compiler,
355 and pass SHELL=/bin/sh5 to Make when installing.
356
Guido van Rossumd0fe8451996-08-26 03:02:37 +0000357AIX: A complete overhaul of the shared library support is now in
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000358 place. See Misc/AIX-NOTES for some notes on how it's done.
Guido van Rossum9ac9a261998-02-16 22:19:21 +0000359 (The optimizer bug reported at this place in previous releases
Thomas Wouters8ee06142001-02-15 11:45:29 +0000360 has been worked around by a minimal code change.) If you get
Fred Drake59518b02002-05-11 03:36:26 +0000361 errors about pthread_* functions, during compile or during
Thomas Wouters8ee06142001-02-15 11:45:29 +0000362 testing, try setting CC to a thread-safe (reentrant) compiler,
363 like "cc_r". For full C++ module support, set CC="xlC_r" (or
364 CC="xlC" without thread support).
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000365
Skip Montanaro2d98db62003-01-06 17:23:37 +0000366HP-UX: When using threading, you may have to add -D_REENTRANT to the
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000367 OPT variable in the top-level Makefile; reported by Pat Knight,
Guido van Rossum59a88f41999-04-12 18:16:09 +0000368 this seems to make a difference (at least for HP-UX 10.20)
Fred Drake146f61d2002-11-04 20:49:45 +0000369 even though pyconfig.h defines it.
Guido van Rossum2094e041998-05-14 15:47:35 +0000370
Guido van Rossum4e1dd7d2002-04-23 13:06:07 +0000371HP PA-RISC 2.0: A recent bug report (http://www.python.org/sf/546117)
372 suggests that the C compiler in this 64-bit system has bugs
373 in the optimizer that break Python. Compiling without
374 optimization solves the problems.
375
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000376SCO: The following apply to SCO 3 only; Python builds out of the box
377 on SCO 5 (or so we've heard).
Guido van Rossuma16e2751998-04-13 20:14:05 +0000378
379 1) Everything works much better if you add -U__STDC__ to the
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000380 defs. This is because all the SCO header files are broken.
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000381 Anything that isn't mentioned in the C standard is
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000382 conditionally excluded when __STDC__ is defined.
383
384 2) Due to the U.S. export restrictions, SCO broke the crypt
385 stuff out into a separate library, libcrypt_i.a so the LIBS
386 needed be set to:
387
388 LIBS=' -lsocket -lcrypt_i'
389
Martin v. Löwis387c5472001-09-06 08:16:17 +0000390UnixWare: There are known bugs in the math library of the system, as well as
391 problems in the handling of threads (calling fork in one
392 thread may interrupt system calls in others). Therefore, test_math and
393 tests involving threads will fail until those problems are fixed.
394
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000395SunOS 4.x: When using the SunPro C compiler, you may want to use the
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000396 '-Xa' option instead of '-Xc', to enable some needed non-ANSI
397 Sunisms.
Martin v. Löwis779ffc02002-12-02 22:17:01 +0000398 THIS SYSTEM IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000399
Jack Jansena39ef862001-08-19 21:17:03 +0000400NeXT: Not supported anymore. Start with the MacOSX/Darwin code if you
401 want to revive it.
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000402
Guido van Rossumb7f454d1997-12-02 19:44:31 +0000403QNX: Chris Herborth (chrish@qnx.com) writes:
404 configure works best if you use GNU bash; a port is available on
405 ftp.qnx.com in /usr/free. I used the following process to build,
Guido van Rossumd4493421998-12-22 16:37:01 +0000406 test and install Python 1.5.x under QNX:
Guido van Rossumb7f454d1997-12-02 19:44:31 +0000407
Guido van Rossumec95c7b1998-08-04 17:59:56 +0000408 1) CONFIG_SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash CC=cc RANLIB=: \
409 ./configure --verbose --without-gcc --with-libm=""
Guido van Rossumb7f454d1997-12-02 19:44:31 +0000410
Fred Drake80078492000-10-26 17:13:19 +0000411 2) edit Modules/Setup to activate everything that makes sense for
412 your system... tested here at QNX with the following modules:
Guido van Rossumb7f454d1997-12-02 19:44:31 +0000413
Guido van Rossum6fa49e21998-08-11 17:31:39 +0000414 array, audioop, binascii, cPickle, cStringIO, cmath,
415 crypt, curses, errno, fcntl, gdbm, grp, imageop,
416 _locale, math, md5, new, operator, parser, pcre,
417 posix, pwd, readline, regex, reop, rgbimg, rotor,
418 select, signal, socket, soundex, strop, struct,
Guido van Rossumd4493421998-12-22 16:37:01 +0000419 syslog, termios, time, timing, zlib, audioop, imageop, rgbimg
Guido van Rossumb7f454d1997-12-02 19:44:31 +0000420
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000421 3) make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash
422
Guido van Rossumec95c7b1998-08-04 17:59:56 +0000423 or, if you feel the need for speed:
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000424
Guido van Rossumec95c7b1998-08-04 17:59:56 +0000425 make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash OPT="-5 -Oil+nrt"
Guido van Rossumb7f454d1997-12-02 19:44:31 +0000426
Guido van Rossumec95c7b1998-08-04 17:59:56 +0000427 4) make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash test
428
Guido van Rossum6fa49e21998-08-11 17:31:39 +0000429 Using GNU readline 2.2 seems to behave strangely, but I
430 think that's a problem with my readline 2.2 port. :-\
Guido van Rossumec95c7b1998-08-04 17:59:56 +0000431
432 5) make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash install
Guido van Rossumb7f454d1997-12-02 19:44:31 +0000433
Guido van Rossum6fa49e21998-08-11 17:31:39 +0000434 If you get SIGSEGVs while running Python (I haven't yet, but
435 I've only run small programs and the test cases), you're
436 probably running out of stack; the default 32k could be a
437 little tight. To increase the stack size, edit the Makefile
Neil Schemenauer73f8ab22001-01-26 22:18:55 +0000438 to read: LDFLAGS = -N 48k
Guido van Rossum40d63581997-08-14 19:45:30 +0000439
Skip Montanaro2d98db62003-01-06 17:23:37 +0000440BeOS: See Misc/BeOS-NOTES for notes about compiling/installing
441 Python on BeOS R3 or later. Note that only the PowerPC
442 platform is supported for R3; both PowerPC and x86 are
443 supported for R4.
Guido van Rossumec95c7b1998-08-04 17:59:56 +0000444
Michael W. Hudson33876f52002-07-31 09:55:25 +0000445Cray T3E: Mark Hadfield (m.hadfield@niwa.co.nz) writes:
446 Python can be built satisfactorily on a Cray T3E but based on
447 my experience with the NIWA T3E (2002-05-22, version 2.2.1)
448 there are a few bugs and gotchas. For more information see a
449 thread on comp.lang.python in May 2002 entitled "Building
450 Python on Cray T3E".
451
452 1) Use Cray's cc and not gcc. The latter was reported not to
453 work by Konrad Hinsen. It may work now, but it may not.
454
455 2) To set sys.platform to something sensible, pass the
456 following environment variable to the configure script:
457
458 MACHDEP=unicosmk
459
460 2) Run configure with option "--enable-unicode=ucs4".
461
462 3) The Cray T3E does not support dynamic linking, so extension
463 modules have to be built by adding (or uncommenting) lines
464 in Modules/Setup. The minimum set of modules is
465
466 posix, new, _sre, unicodedata
467
468 On NIWA's vanilla T3E system the following have also been
469 included successfully:
470
471 _codecs, _locale, _socket, _symtable, _testcapi, _weakref
472 array, binascii, cmath, cPickle, crypt, cStringIO, dbm
473 errno, fcntl, grp, math, md5, operator, parser, pcre, pwd
474 regex, rotor, select, struct, strop, syslog, termios
475 time, timing, xreadlines
476
477 4) Once the python executable and library have been built, make
478 will execute setup.py, which will attempt to build remaining
479 extensions and link them dynamically. Each of these attempts
480 will fail but should not halt the make process. This is
481 normal.
482
483 5) Running "make test" uses a lot of resources and causes
484 problems on our system. You might want to try running tests
485 singly or in small groups.
Guido van Rossum1bf0bf41997-08-20 23:50:51 +0000486
Guido van Rossum0078aaf1997-08-21 03:05:11 +0000487SGI: SGI's standard "make" utility (/bin/make or /usr/bin/make)
488 does not check whether a command actually changed the file it
489 is supposed to build. This means that whenever you say "make"
490 it will redo the link step. The remedy is to use SGI's much
Guido van Rossum7be8ca02001-04-14 13:09:53 +0000491 smarter "smake" utility (/usr/sbin/smake), or GNU make. If
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +0000492 you set the first line of the Makefile to #!/usr/sbin/smake
493 smake will be invoked by make (likewise for GNU make).
Guido van Rossum0078aaf1997-08-21 03:05:11 +0000494
Guido van Rossum7be8ca02001-04-14 13:09:53 +0000495 WARNING: There are bugs in the optimizer of some versions of
496 SGI's compilers that can cause bus errors or other strange
497 behavior, especially on numerical operations. To avoid this,
498 try building with "make OPT=".
Fred Drake0b5fb2b2000-09-29 17:45:05 +0000499
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000500OS/2: If you are running Warp3 or Warp4 and have IBM's VisualAge C/C++
501 compiler installed, just change into the pc\os2vacpp directory
502 and type NMAKE. Threading and sockets are supported by default
503 in the resulting binaries of PYTHON15.DLL and PYTHON.EXE.
504
Fred Drake36ed5602000-10-06 01:58:48 +0000505Monterey (64-bit AIX): The current Monterey C compiler (Visual Age)
506 uses the OBJECT_MODE={32|64} environment variable to set the
507 compilation mode to either 32-bit or 64-bit (32-bit mode is
508 the default). Presumably you want 64-bit compilation mode for
509 this 64-bit OS. As a result you must first set OBJECT_MODE=64
510 in your environment before configuring (./configure) or
511 building (make) Python on Monterey.
512
513Reliant UNIX: The thread support does not compile on Reliant UNIX, and
514 there is a (minor) problem in the configure script for that
515 platform as well. This should be resolved in time for a
516 future release.
Trent Mick635f6fb2000-08-23 21:33:05 +0000517
Barry Warsaw6a8557d2002-10-14 18:04:39 +0000518MacOSX: The tests will crash on both 10.1 and 10.2 with SEGV in
Barry Warsaw6e753642002-10-14 18:15:35 +0000519 test_re and test_sre due to the small default stack size. If
520 you set the stack size to 2048 before doing a "make test" the
521 failure can be avoided. If you're using the tcsh (the default
522 on OSX), or csh shells use "limit stacksize 2048" and for the
523 bash shell, use "ulimit -s 2048".
Barry Warsaw06557452001-12-14 20:47:12 +0000524
Jack Jansen6a77cf12001-12-06 21:49:02 +0000525 On naked Darwin you may want to add the configure option
Jack Jansen4c398fd2001-10-08 13:21:15 +0000526 "--disable-toolbox-glue" to disable the glue code for the Carbon
Jack Jansen6a77cf12001-12-06 21:49:02 +0000527 interface modules. The modules themselves are currently only built
528 if you add the --enable-framework option, see below.
Barry Warsaw06557452001-12-14 20:47:12 +0000529
530 On a clean OSX /usr/local does not exist. Do a
Jack Jansen61fec302002-01-04 15:59:57 +0000531 "sudo mkdir -m 775 /usr/local"
Jack Jansen84a01642002-08-04 21:19:55 +0000532 before you do a make install. It is probably not a good idea to
533 do "sudo make install" which installs everything as superuser,
534 as this may later cause problems when installing distutils-based
535 additions.
536
537 Some people have reported problems building Python after using "fink"
538 to install additional unix software. Disabling fink (remove all references
539 to /sw from your .profile or .login) should solve this.
Barry Warsaw06557452001-12-14 20:47:12 +0000540
541 You may want to try the configure option "--enable-framework"
542 which installs Python as a framework. The location can be set
543 as argument to the --enable-framework option (default
Jack Jansen84a01642002-08-04 21:19:55 +0000544 /Library/Frameworks). A framework install is probably needed if you
545 want to use any Aqua-based GUI toolkit (whether Tkinter, wxPython,
546 Carbon, Cocoa or anything else).
547
548 See Mac/OSX/README for more information on framework builds.
Fred Drakedabed752001-02-01 19:41:13 +0000549
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000550Cygwin: With recent (relative to the time of writing, 2001-12-19)
551 Cygwin installations, there are problems with the interaction
552 of dynamic linking and fork(). This manifests itself in build
553 failures during the execution of setup.py.
Tim Peters42fc7cc2001-04-04 18:35:19 +0000554
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000555 There are two workarounds that both enable Python (albeit
556 without threading support) to build and pass all tests on
557 NT/2000 (and most likely XP as well, though reports of testing
558 on XP would be appreciated).
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000559
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000560 The workarounds:
561
562 (a) the band-aid fix is to link the _socket module statically
563 rather than dynamically (which is the default).
564
565 To do this, run "./configure --with-threads=no" including any
566 other options you need (--prefix, etc.). Then in Modules/Setup
Walter Dörwald7dc65d62003-02-02 23:37:05 +0000567 uncomment the lines:
Tim Peters42fc7cc2001-04-04 18:35:19 +0000568
Michael W. Hudsonbe5ce182001-12-12 11:46:52 +0000569 #SSL=/usr/local/ssl
570 #_socket socketmodule.c \
571 # -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
572 # -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000573
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000574 and remove "local/" from the SSL variable. Finally, just run
575 "make"!
Tim Peters42fc7cc2001-04-04 18:35:19 +0000576
Michael W. Hudsonb6554642001-12-19 22:09:09 +0000577 (b) The "proper" fix is to rebase the Cygwin DLLs to prevent
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000578 base address conflicts. Details on how to do this can be
579 found in the following mail:
580
581 http://sources.redhat.com/ml/cygwin/2001-12/msg00894.html
582
583 It is hoped that a version of this solution will be
Michael W. Hudsonb6554642001-12-19 22:09:09 +0000584 incorporated into the Cygwin distribution fairly soon.
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000585
586 Two additional problems:
587
588 (1) Threading support should still be disabled due to a known
589 bug in Cygwin pthreads that causes test_threadedtempfile to
590 hang.
591
Neal Norwitz4ebde092001-12-19 20:44:13 +0000592 (2) The _curses module does not build. This is a known
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000593 Cygwin ncurses problem that should be resolved the next time
594 that this package is released.
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000595
Michael W. Hudsonbe5ce182001-12-12 11:46:52 +0000596 On older versions of Cygwin, test_poll may hang and test_strftime
597 may fail.
Tim Peters42fc7cc2001-04-04 18:35:19 +0000598
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000599 The situation on 9X/Me is not accurately known at present.
600 Some time ago, there were reports that the following
601 regression tests failed:
Tim Peters42fc7cc2001-04-04 18:35:19 +0000602
603 test_pwd
604 test_select (hang)
605 test_socket
606
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000607 Due to the test_select hang on 9X/Me, one should run the
608 regression test using the following:
Tim Peters42fc7cc2001-04-04 18:35:19 +0000609
Michael W. Hudsonbe5ce182001-12-12 11:46:52 +0000610 make TESTOPTS='-l -x test_select' test
Tim Peters42fc7cc2001-04-04 18:35:19 +0000611
Michael W. Hudson1c4523f2001-12-19 19:49:58 +0000612 News regarding these platforms with more recent Cygwin
613 versions would be appreciated!
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000614
Skip Montanaro56d83012003-01-04 04:05:51 +0000615AtheOS: From Octavian Cerna <tavy at ylabs.com>:
616
617 Before building:
618
619 Make sure you have shared versions of the libraries you
620 want to use with Python. You will have to compile them
621 yourself, or download precompiled packages.
622
623 Recommended libraries:
624
625 ncurses-4.2
626 readline-4.2a
627 zlib-1.1.4
628
629 Build:
630
631 $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/python
632 $ make
633
634 Python is always built as a shared library, otherwise
635 dynamic loading would not work.
636
637 Testing:
638
639 $ make test
640
641 Install:
642
643 # make install
644 # pkgmanager -a /usr/python
645
646
647 AtheOS issues:
648
649 - large file support: due to a stdio bug in glibc/libio,
650 access to large files may not work correctly. fseeko()
651 tries to seek to a negative offset. ftello() returns a
652 negative offset, it looks like a 32->64bit
653 sign-extension issue. The lowlevel functions (open,
654 lseek, etc) are OK.
655 - sockets: AF_UNIX is defined in the C library and in
656 Python, but not implemented in the system.
657 - select: poll is available in the C library, but does not
658 work (It does not return POLLNVAL for bad fds and
659 hangs).
660 - posix: statvfs and fstatvfs always return ENOSYS.
661 - disabled modules:
662 - mmap: not yet implemented in AtheOS
663 - nis: broken (on an unconfigured system
664 yp_get_default_domain() returns junk instead of
665 error)
666 - dl: dynamic loading doesn't work via dlopen()
667 - resource: getrimit and setrlimit are not yet
668 implemented
669
670 - if you are getting segmentation faults, you probably are
671 low on memory. AtheOS doesn't handle very well an
672 out-of-memory condition and simply SEGVs the process.
673
674 Tested on:
675
676 AtheOS-0.3.7
677 gcc-2.95
678 binutils-2.10
679 make-3.78
680
681
Skip Montanaro57454e52002-06-14 20:30:31 +0000682Configuring the bsddb and dbm modules
683-------------------------------------
684
Skip Montanaro56d83012003-01-04 04:05:51 +0000685Beginning with Python version 2.3, the PyBsddb package
686<http://pybsddb.sf.net/> was adopted into Python as the bsddb package,
687exposing a set of package-level functions which provide
688backwards-compatible behavior. Only versions 3.1 through 4.1 of
689Sleepycat's libraries provide the necessary API, so older versions
690aren't supported through this interface. The old bsddb module has
691been retained as bsddb185, though it is not built by default. Users
692wishing to use it will have to tweak Modules/Setup to build it. The
693dbm module will still be built against the Sleepycat libraries if
694other preferred alternatives (ndbm, gdbm) are not found, though
695versions of the Sleepycat library prior to 3.1 are not considered.
Guido van Rossum62d45c02002-12-02 15:49:13 +0000696
Skip Montanaro57454e52002-06-14 20:30:31 +0000697
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000698Configuring threads
699-------------------
700
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000701As of Python 2.0, threads are enabled by default. If you wish to
702compile without threads, or if your thread support is broken, pass the
703--with-threads=no switch to configure. Unfortunately, on some
704platforms, additional compiler and/or linker options are required for
705threads to work properly. Below is a table of those options,
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000706collected by Bill Janssen. We would love to automate this process
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000707more, but the information below is not enough to write a patch for the
708configure.in file, so manual intervention is required. If you patch
709the configure.in file and are confident that the patch works, please
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000710send in the patch. (Don't bother patching the configure script itself
Walter Dörwald7dc65d62003-02-02 23:37:05 +0000711-- it is regenerated each time the configure.in file changes.)
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000712
713Compiler switches for threads
714.............................
715
Martin v. Löwis1c24f9c2001-03-06 12:07:27 +0000716The definition of _REENTRANT should be configured automatically, if
717that does not work on your system, or if _REENTRANT is defined
718incorrectly, please report that as a bug.
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000719
Martin v. Löwis1c24f9c2001-03-06 12:07:27 +0000720 OS/Compiler/threads Switches for use with threads
721 (POSIX is draft 10, DCE is draft 4) compile & link
722
723 SunOS 5.{1-5}/{gcc,SunPro cc}/solaris -mt
724 SunOS 5.5/{gcc,SunPro cc}/POSIX (nothing)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000725 DEC OSF/1 3.x/cc/DCE -threads
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000726 (butenhof@zko.dec.com)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000727 Digital UNIX 4.x/cc/DCE -threads
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000728 (butenhof@zko.dec.com)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000729 Digital UNIX 4.x/cc/POSIX -pthread
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000730 (butenhof@zko.dec.com)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000731 AIX 4.1.4/cc_r/d7 (nothing)
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000732 (buhrt@iquest.net)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000733 AIX 4.1.4/cc_r4/DCE (nothing)
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000734 (buhrt@iquest.net)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000735 IRIX 6.2/cc/POSIX (nothing)
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000736 (robertl@cwi.nl)
737
738
739Linker (ld) libraries and flags for threads
740...........................................
741
742 OS/threads Libraries/switches for use with threads
743
744 SunOS 5.{1-5}/solaris -lthread
745 SunOS 5.5/POSIX -lpthread
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000746 DEC OSF/1 3.x/DCE -lpthreads -lmach -lc_r -lc
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000747 (butenhof@zko.dec.com)
748 Digital UNIX 4.x/DCE -lpthreads -lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc
749 (butenhof@zko.dec.com)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000750 Digital UNIX 4.x/POSIX -lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000751 (butenhof@zko.dec.com)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000752 AIX 4.1.4/{draft7,DCE} (nothing)
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000753 (buhrt@iquest.net)
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000754 IRIX 6.2/POSIX -lpthread
Guido van Rossumdc8a3cb1998-05-12 15:29:18 +0000755 (jph@emilia.engr.sgi.com)
756
757
Martin v. Löwis1142de32002-03-29 16:28:31 +0000758Building a shared libpython
759---------------------------
760
761Starting with Python 2.3, the majority of the interpreter can be built
762into a shared library, which can then be used by the interpreter
763executable, and by applications embedding Python. To enable this feature,
Martin v. Löwis65069672002-08-03 21:38:27 +0000764configure with --enable-shared.
765
Fred Drake55512dc2003-07-21 16:01:39 +0000766If you enable this feature, the same object files will be used to create
767a static library. In particular, the static library will contain object
768files using position-independent code (PIC) on platforms where PIC flags
769are needed for the shared library.
Martin v. Löwis1142de32002-03-29 16:28:31 +0000770
771
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000772Configuring additional built-in modules
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000773---------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum19e0c261995-01-17 16:36:34 +0000774
Andrew M. Kuchlingebe30452001-02-27 03:24:24 +0000775Starting with Python 2.1, the setup.py script at the top of the source
776distribution attempts to detect which modules can be built and
777automatically compiles them. Autodetection doesn't always work, so
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000778you can still customize the configuration by editing the Modules/Setup
779file; but this should be considered a last resort. The rest of this
780section only applies if you decide to edit the Modules/Setup file.
781You also need this to enable static linking of certain modules (which
782is needed to enable profiling on some systems).
783
Andrew M. Kuchlingebe30452001-02-27 03:24:24 +0000784This file is initially copied from Setup.dist by the configure script;
785if it does not exist yet, create it by copying Modules/Setup.dist
786yourself (configure will never overwrite it). Never edit Setup.dist
787-- always edit Setup or Setup.local (see below). Read the comments in
788the file for information on what kind of edits are allowed. When you
789have edited Setup in the Modules directory, the interpreter will
Guido van Rossumef67ded2001-10-05 17:04:42 +0000790automatically be rebuilt the next time you run make (in the toplevel
791directory).
Guido van Rossum627b2d71993-12-24 10:39:16 +0000792
Andrew M. Kuchlingebe30452001-02-27 03:24:24 +0000793Many useful modules can be built on any Unix system, but some optional
794modules can't be reliably autodetected. Often the quickest way to
795determine whether a particular module works or not is to see if it
796will build: enable it in Setup, then if you get compilation or link
Fred Drake6caae142000-10-25 17:51:02 +0000797errors, disable it -- you're either missing support or need to adjust
798the compilation and linking parameters for that module.
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000799
800On SGI IRIX, there are modules that interface to many SGI specific
Andrew M. Kuchlingebe30452001-02-27 03:24:24 +0000801system libraries, e.g. the GL library and the audio hardware. These
802modules will not be built by the setup.py script.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000803
Guido van Rossum4462e931997-01-22 21:00:32 +0000804In addition to the file Setup, you can also edit the file Setup.local.
805(the makesetup script processes both). You may find it more
806convenient to edit Setup.local and leave Setup alone. Then, when
807installing a new Python version, you can copy your old Setup.local
808file.
809
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000810
811Setting the optimization/debugging options
812------------------------------------------
813
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000814If you want or need to change the optimization/debugging options for
815the C compiler, assign to the OPT variable on the toplevel make
816command; e.g. "make OPT=-g" will build a debugging version of Python
817on most platforms. The default is OPT=-O; a value for OPT in the
818environment when the configure script is run overrides this default
819(likewise for CC; and the initial value for LIBS is used as the base
820set of libraries to link with).
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000821
Fred Drake6caae142000-10-25 17:51:02 +0000822When compiling with GCC, the default value of OPT will also include
823the -Wall and -Wstrict-prototypes options.
824
825Additional debugging code to help debug memory management problems can
826be enabled by using the --with-pydebug option to the configure script.
827
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000828
Guido van Rossuma68ca352001-10-04 17:00:07 +0000829Profiling
830---------
831
832If you want C profiling turned on, the easiest way is to run configure
833with the CC environment variable to the necessary compiler
834invocation. For example, on Linux, this works for profiling using
835gprof(1):
836
837 CC="gcc -pg" ./configure
838
839Note that on Linux, gprof apparently does not work for shared
840libraries. The Makefile/Setup mechanism can be used to compile and
Walter Dörwald7dc65d62003-02-02 23:37:05 +0000841link most extension modules statically.
Guido van Rossuma68ca352001-10-04 17:00:07 +0000842
843
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000844Testing
845-------
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000846
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000847To test the interpreter, type "make test" in the top-level directory.
Guido van Rossum6ae5d3d1997-05-14 21:39:05 +0000848This runs the test set twice (once with no compiled files, once with
849the compiled files left by the previous test run). The test set
850produces some output. You can generally ignore the messages about
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000851skipped tests due to optional features which can't be imported.
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000852If a message is printed about a failed test or a traceback or core
853dump is produced, something is wrong. On some Linux systems (those
Guido van Rossum24df6841997-12-30 04:32:30 +0000854that are not yet using glibc 6), test_strftime fails due to a
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000855non-standard implementation of strftime() in the C library. Please
856ignore this, or upgrade to glibc version 6.
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000857
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000858IMPORTANT: If the tests fail and you decide to mail a bug report,
859*don't* include the output of "make test". It is useless. Run the
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000860failing test manually, as follows:
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000861
Andrew M. Kuchling83d042d2002-03-21 23:52:20 +0000862 ./python ./Lib/test/test_whatever.py
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000863
Andrew M. Kuchling83d042d2002-03-21 23:52:20 +0000864(substituting the top of the source tree for '.' if you built in a
Guido van Rossum6ae5d3d1997-05-14 21:39:05 +0000865different directory). This runs the test in verbose mode.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000866
867
868Installing
869----------
870
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000871To install the Python binary, library modules, shared library modules
872(see below), include files, configuration files, and the manual page,
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000873just type
874
875 make install
876
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000877This will install all platform-independent files in subdirectories of
878the directory given with the --prefix option to configure or to the
879`prefix' Make variable (default /usr/local). All binary and other
880platform-specific files will be installed in subdirectories if the
881directory given by --exec-prefix or the `exec_prefix' Make variable
882(defaults to the --prefix directory) is given.
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000883
Martin v. Löwis3b8ee082003-05-11 20:25:35 +0000884If DESTDIR is set, it will be taken as the root directory of the
885installation, and files will be installed into $(DESTDIR)$(prefix),
886$(DESTDIR)$(exec_prefix), etc.
887
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000888All subdirectories created will have Python's version number in their
889name, e.g. the library modules are installed in
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +0000890"/usr/local/lib/python<version>/" by default, where <version> is the
891<major>.<minor> release number (e.g. "2.1"). The Python binary is
892installed as "python<version>" and a hard link named "python" is
893created. The only file not installed with a version number in its
894name is the manual page, installed as "/usr/local/man/man1/python.1"
895by default.
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000896
Neil Schemenauer0e91dc72001-02-16 04:18:08 +0000897If you have a previous installation of Python that you don't
Guido van Rossum64773801997-11-26 17:07:02 +0000898want to replace yet, use
899
900 make altinstall
901
902This installs the same set of files as "make install" except it
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +0000903doesn't create the hard link to "python<version>" named "python" and
904it doesn't install the manual page at all.
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000905
906The only thing you may have to install manually is the Python mode for
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000907Emacs found in Misc/python-mode.el. (But then again, more recent
908versions of Emacs may already have it.) Follow the instructions that
909came with Emacs for installation of site-specific files.
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000910
Jack Jansena39ef862001-08-19 21:17:03 +0000911On Mac OS X, if you have configured Python with --enable-framework, you
912should use "make frameworkinstall" to do the installation. Note that this
913installs the Python executable in a place that is not normally on your
914PATH, you may want to set up a symlink in /usr/local/bin.
915
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000916
917Configuration options and variables
918-----------------------------------
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000919
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000920Some special cases are handled by passing options to the configure
921script.
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000922
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000923WARNING: if you rerun the configure script with different options, you
924must run "make clean" before rebuilding. Exceptions to this rule:
925after changing --prefix or --exec-prefix, all you need to do is remove
Guido van Rossumb06df271997-08-05 21:50:20 +0000926Modules/getpath.o.
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +0000927
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000928--with(out)-gcc: The configure script uses gcc (the GNU C compiler) if
929 it finds it. If you don't want this, or if this compiler is
930 installed but broken on your platform, pass the option
931 --without-gcc. You can also pass "CC=cc" (or whatever the
932 name of the proper C compiler is) in the environment, but the
933 advantage of using --without-gcc is that this option is
934 remembered by the config.status script for its --recheck
935 option.
Guido van Rossum76be6ed1995-01-02 18:33:54 +0000936
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000937--prefix, --exec-prefix: If you want to install the binaries and the
938 Python library somewhere else than in /usr/local/{bin,lib},
939 you can pass the option --prefix=DIRECTORY; the interpreter
940 binary will be installed as DIRECTORY/bin/python and the
941 library files as DIRECTORY/lib/python/*. If you pass
942 --exec-prefix=DIRECTORY (as well) this overrides the
943 installation prefix for architecture-dependent files (like the
944 interpreter binary). Note that --prefix=DIRECTORY also
945 affects the default module search path (sys.path), when
946 Modules/config.c is compiled. Passing make the option
947 prefix=DIRECTORY (and/or exec_prefix=DIRECTORY) overrides the
948 prefix set at configuration time; this may be more convenient
949 than re-running the configure script if you change your mind
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000950 about the install prefix.
Guido van Rossum76be6ed1995-01-02 18:33:54 +0000951
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +0000952--with-readline: This option is no longer supported. GNU
953 readline is automatically enabled by setup.py when present.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000954
Guido van Rossum7ac11532000-08-29 21:36:40 +0000955--with-threads: On most Unix systems, you can now use multiple
956 threads, and support for this is enabled by default. To
957 disable this, pass --with-threads=no. If the library required
958 for threads lives in a peculiar place, you can use
959 --with-thread=DIRECTORY. IMPORTANT: run "make clean" after
960 changing (either enabling or disabling) this option, or you
961 will get link errors! Note: for DEC Unix use
Guido van Rossum0e13da91998-02-22 04:36:34 +0000962 --with-dec-threads instead.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000963
964--with-sgi-dl: On SGI IRIX 4, dynamic loading of extension modules is
965 supported by the "dl" library by Jack Jansen, which is
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000966 ftp'able from ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dl-1.6.tar.Z.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000967 This is enabled (after you've ftp'ed and compiled the dl
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000968 library) by passing --with-sgi-dl=DIRECTORY where DIRECTORY
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000969 is the absolute pathname of the dl library. (Don't bother on
970 IRIX 5, it already has dynamic linking using SunOS style
Martin v. Löwis779ffc02002-12-02 22:17:01 +0000971 shared libraries.) THIS OPTION IS UNSUPPORTED.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000972
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000973--with-dl-dld: Dynamic loading of modules is rumored to be supported
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000974 on some other systems: VAX (Ultrix), Sun3 (SunOS 3.4), Sequent
975 Symmetry (Dynix), and Atari ST. This is done using a
976 combination of the GNU dynamic loading package
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000977 (ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dl-dld-1.1.tar.Z) and an
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000978 emulation of the SGI dl library mentioned above (the emulation
979 can be found at
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +0000980 ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dld-3.2.3.tar.Z). To
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000981 enable this, ftp and compile both libraries, then call
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000982 configure, passing it the option
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000983 --with-dl-dld=DL_DIRECTORY,DLD_DIRECTORY where DL_DIRECTORY is
984 the absolute pathname of the dl emulation library and
985 DLD_DIRECTORY is the absolute pathname of the GNU dld library.
986 (Don't bother on SunOS 4 or 5, they already have dynamic
Martin v. Löwis779ffc02002-12-02 22:17:01 +0000987 linking using shared libraries.) THIS OPTION IS UNSUPPORTED.
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +0000988
989--with-libm, --with-libc: It is possible to specify alternative
990 versions for the Math library (default -lm) and the C library
991 (default the empty string) using the options
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000992 --with-libm=STRING and --with-libc=STRING, respectively. For
993 example, if your system requires that you pass -lc_s to the C
994 compiler to use the shared C library, you can pass
995 --with-libc=-lc_s. These libraries are passed after all other
996 libraries, the C library last.
Guido van Rossum16e809e2001-04-16 02:07:08 +0000997
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +0000998--with-libs='libs': Add 'libs' to the LIBS that the python interpreter
999 is linked against.
Guido van Rossumd02ba451996-07-31 17:36:01 +00001000
Martin v. Löwis2df66942000-12-13 14:14:32 +00001001--with-cxx=<compiler>: Some C++ compilers require that main() is
1002 compiled with the C++ if there is any C++ code in the application.
1003 Specifically, g++ on a.out systems may require that to support
1004 construction of global objects. With this option, the main() function
1005 of Python will be compiled with <compiler>; use that only if you
1006 plan to use C++ extension modules, and if your compiler requires
1007 compilation of main() as a C++ program.
1008
1009
Fred Drake6caae142000-10-25 17:51:02 +00001010--with-pydebug: Enable additional debugging code to help track down
1011 memory management problems. This allows printing a list of all
1012 live objects when the interpreter terminates.
Jack Jansen7b8c7542002-04-14 20:12:41 +00001013
1014--with(out)-universal-newlines: enable reading of text files with
1015 foreign newline convention (default: enabled). In other words,
1016 any of \r, \n or \r\n is acceptable as end-of-line character.
1017 If enabled import and execfile will automatically accept any newline
1018 in files. Python code can open a file with open(file, 'U') to
Martin v. Löwis7e4cfcb2002-12-19 16:21:49 +00001019 read it in universal newline mode. THIS OPTION IS UNSUPPORTED.
Fred Drake6caae142000-10-25 17:51:02 +00001020
Guido van Rossum76be6ed1995-01-02 18:33:54 +00001021
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001022Building for multiple architectures (using the VPATH feature)
1023-------------------------------------------------------------
1024
1025If your file system is shared between multiple architectures, it
1026usually is not necessary to make copies of the sources for each
1027architecture you want to support. If the make program supports the
1028VPATH feature, you can create an empty build directory for each
1029architecture, and in each directory run the configure script (on the
1030appropriate machine with the appropriate options). This creates the
1031necessary subdirectories and the Makefiles therein. The Makefiles
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00001032contain a line VPATH=... which points to a directory containing the
Guido van Rossumd0fe8451996-08-26 03:02:37 +00001033actual sources. (On SGI systems, use "smake -J1" instead of "make" if
1034you use VPATH -- don't try gnumake.)
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001035
1036For example, the following is all you need to build a minimal Python
1037in /usr/tmp/python (assuming ~guido/src/python is the toplevel
1038directory and you want to build in /usr/tmp/python):
1039
1040 $ mkdir /usr/tmp/python
1041 $ cd /usr/tmp/python
1042 $ ~guido/src/python/configure
1043 [...]
1044 $ make
1045 [...]
1046 $
1047
Neil Schemenauer73f8ab22001-01-26 22:18:55 +00001048Note that configure copies the original Setup file to the build
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001049directory if it finds no Setup file there. This means that you can
1050edit the Setup file for each architecture independently. For this
1051reason, subsequent changes to the original Setup file are not tracked
1052automatically, as they might overwrite local changes. To force a copy
1053of a changed original Setup file, delete the target Setup file. (The
1054makesetup script supports multiple input files, so if you want to be
1055fancy you can change the rules to create an empty Setup.local if it
1056doesn't exist and run it with arguments $(srcdir)/Setup Setup.local;
1057however this assumes that you only need to add modules.)
1058
1059
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001060Building on non-UNIX systems
1061----------------------------
1062
Tim Peters03444242000-09-19 00:38:35 +00001063For Windows (2000/NT/ME/98/95), assuming you have MS VC++ 6.0, the
1064project files are in PCbuild, the workspace is pcbuild.dsw. See
1065PCbuild\readme.txt for detailed instructions.
Guido van Rossum8d7d4ed1996-07-30 21:41:07 +00001066
Guido van Rossum31ae2071999-04-12 14:47:30 +00001067For other non-Unix Windows compilers, in particular Windows 3.1 and
1068for OS/2, enter the directory "PC" and read the file "readme.txt".
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001069
1070For the Mac, a separate source distribution will be made available,
1071for use with the CodeWarrior compiler. If you are interested in Mac
1072development, join the PythonMac Special Interest Group
1073(http://www.python.org/sigs/pythonmac-sig/, or send email to
1074pythonmac-sig-request@python.org).
1075
1076Of course, there are also binary distributions available for these
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00001077platforms -- see http://www.python.org/.
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001078
1079To port Python to a new non-UNIX system, you will have to fake the
1080effect of running the configure script manually (for Mac and PC, this
1081has already been done for you). A good start is to copy the file
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +00001082pyconfig.h.in to pyconfig.h and edit the latter to reflect the actual
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001083configuration of your system. Most symbols must simply be defined as
10841 only if the corresponding feature is present and can be left alone
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +00001085otherwise; however the *_t type symbols must be defined as some
1086variant of int if they need to be defined at all.
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001087
Barry Warsaw06557452001-12-14 20:47:12 +00001088For all platforms, it's important that the build arrange to define the
1089preprocessor symbol NDEBUG on the compiler command line in a release
1090build of Python (else assert() calls remain in the code, hurting
1091release-build performance). The Unix, Windows and Mac builds already
1092do this.
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001093
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +00001094
1095Miscellaneous issues
1096====================
1097
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +00001098Emacs mode
1099----------
1100
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +00001101There's an excellent Emacs editing mode for Python code; see the file
1102Misc/python-mode.el. Originally written by the famous Tim Peters, it
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00001103is now maintained by the equally famous Barry Warsaw (it's no
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00001104coincidence that they now both work on the same team). The latest
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001105version, along with various other contributed Python-related Emacs
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00001106goodies, is online at http://www.python.org/emacs/python-mode. And
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001107if you are planning to edit the Python C code, please pick up the
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00001108latest version of CC Mode http://www.python.org/emacs/cc-mode; it
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001109contains a "python" style used throughout most of the Python C source
1110files. (Newer versions of Emacs or XEmacs may already come with the
1111latest version of python-mode.)
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +00001112
1113
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +00001114Tkinter
1115-------
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +00001116
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +00001117The setup.py script automatically configures this when it detects a
1118usable Tcl/Tk installation. This requires Tcl/Tk version 8.0 or
Fred Drake8179a9d2000-09-28 23:28:30 +00001119higher.
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001120
Guido van Rossum973e4dc2000-07-01 00:34:39 +00001121For more Tkinter information, see the Tkinter Resource page:
1122http://www.python.org/topics/tkinter/
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +00001123
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001124There are demos in the Demo/tkinter directory, in the subdirectories
1125guido, matt and www (the matt and guido subdirectories have been
1126overhauled to use more recent Tkinter coding conventions).
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +00001127
1128Note that there's a Python module called "Tkinter" (capital T) which
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001129lives in Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py, and a C module called "_tkinter"
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001130(lower case t and leading underscore) which lives in
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00001131Modules/_tkinter.c. Demos and normal Tk applications import only the
Guido van Rossum59b0b602002-02-08 22:22:35 +00001132Python Tkinter module -- only the latter imports the C _tkinter
1133module. In order to find the C _tkinter module, it must be compiled
1134and linked into the Python interpreter -- the setup.py script does
1135this. In order to find the Python Tkinter module, sys.path must be
1136set correctly -- normal installation takes care of this.
Guido van Rossum84c8c7f1995-08-28 02:44:24 +00001137
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +00001138
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001139Distribution structure
1140----------------------
1141
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00001142Most subdirectories have their own README files. Most files have
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001143comments.
1144
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001145.cvsignore Additional filename matching patterns for CVS to ignore
1146BeOS/ Files specific to the BeOS port
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001147Demo/ Demonstration scripts, modules and programs
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001148Doc/ Documentation sources (LaTeX)
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001149Grammar/ Input for the parser generator
1150Include/ Public header files
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001151LICENSE Licensing information
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001152Lib/ Python library modules
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +00001153Mac/ Macintosh specific resources
Neil Schemenauer3f52da52001-01-24 17:49:59 +00001154Makefile.pre.in Source from which config.status creates the Makefile.pre
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +00001155Misc/ Miscellaneous useful files
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001156Modules/ Implementation of most built-in modules
1157Objects/ Implementation of most built-in object types
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001158PC/ Files specific to PC ports (DOS, Windows, OS/2)
1159PCbuild/ Build directory for Microsoft Visual C++
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001160Parser/ The parser and tokenizer and their input handling
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00001161Python/ The byte-compiler and interpreter
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001162README The file you're reading now
1163Tools/ Some useful programs written in Python
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +00001164pyconfig.h.in Source from which pyconfig.h is created (GNU autoheader output)
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001165configure Configuration shell script (GNU autoconf output)
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001166configure.in Configuration specification (input for GNU autoconf)
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001167install-sh Shell script used to install files
Guido van Rossum91cb9d21995-04-10 11:47:38 +00001168
1169The following files will (may) be created in the toplevel directory by
1170the configuration and build processes:
1171
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001172Makefile Build rules
Neil Schemenauer3f52da52001-01-24 17:49:59 +00001173Makefile.pre Build rules before running Modules/makesetup
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +00001174buildno Keeps track of the build number
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001175config.cache Cache of configuration variables
Michael W. Hudsonbe6e0f42002-06-23 16:29:36 +00001176pyconfig.h Configuration header
Guido van Rossumc0be2f51997-10-08 05:05:28 +00001177config.log Log from last configure run
Guido van Rossum4f40c2d2000-09-05 16:46:22 +00001178config.status Status from last run of the configure script
Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001179getbuildinfo.o Object file from Modules/getbuildinfo.c
Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00001180libpython<version>.a The library archive
Guido van Rossum6d9cc801996-08-01 17:31:22 +00001181python The executable interpreter
1182tags, TAGS Tags files for vi and Emacs
Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001183
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Guido van Rossumc07d5fa2000-09-01 22:50:02 +00001185That's all, folks!
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Guido van Rossum433c8ad1994-08-01 12:07:07 +00001187
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Guido van Rossum67345eb2001-01-18 14:51:12 +00001189--Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.python.org/~guido/)