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Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE
2==========================
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +00003
4Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00005Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands
6as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's
7principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00008
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00009In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
10National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us)
11in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
12software.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000013
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000014In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
15BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same
Guido van Rossum2e1c09c2002-04-04 17:52:50 +000016year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope
17Corporation, see http://www.zope.com). In 2001, the Python Software
18Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a
19non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related
20Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of
21the PSF.
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000022
23All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for
24the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python
25releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
26the various releases.
27
28 Release Derived Year Owner GPL-
Tim Peters7cb13a92004-10-23 03:48:57 +000029 from compatible? (1)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000030
31 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes
32 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes
33 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no
34 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000035 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000036 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no
37 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes
38 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes
39 2.2 2.1.1 2001 PSF yes
Tim Petersb0f3cea2002-04-08 21:36:47 +000040 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes
41 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes
42 2.2.1 2.2 2002 PSF yes
Tim Peters638a1e22002-10-06 04:04:46 +000043 2.2.2 2.2.1 2002 PSF yes
Barry Warsaw7d7f88c2003-05-22 15:17:40 +000044 2.2.3 2.2.2 2003 PSF yes
Guido van Rossumf1226882002-12-31 01:50:07 +000045 2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter9d42a102003-09-23 02:42:29 +000046 2.3.1 2.3 2002-2003 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterc2b00812003-09-30 07:07:08 +000047 2.3.2 2.3.1 2002-2003 PSF yes
Tim Peters926bc222004-05-11 18:13:10 +000048 2.3.3 2.3.2 2002-2003 PSF yes
49 2.3.4 2.3.3 2004 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter94d62012005-03-10 13:47:17 +000050 2.3.5 2.3.4 2005 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterbd377a32004-07-08 05:57:59 +000051 2.4 2.3 2004 PSF yes
Anthony Baxter94d62012005-03-10 13:47:17 +000052 2.4.1 2.4 2005 PSF yes
Georg Brandlcfc34712005-10-21 07:53:44 +000053 2.4.2 2.4.1 2005 PSF yes
Anthony Baxterebed3f62006-04-03 15:03:44 +000054 2.4.3 2.4.2 2006 PSF yes
55 2.5 2.4 2006 PSF yes
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000056
57Footnotes:
58
59(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
60 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
61 a modified version without making your changes open source. The
62 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
63 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000064
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000065(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
66 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to
67 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
68 is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
69
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000070Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
71direction to make these releases possible.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000072
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000073
Guido van Rossumaa815df2001-04-10 03:37:31 +000074B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
75===============================================================
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000076
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000077PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
78--------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000079
801. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
81("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
Tim Peterscb919002004-10-26 14:38:48 +000082otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
83its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000084
852. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF
86hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
87license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000088prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000089alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's
90License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
Georg Brandlb69406d2006-02-11 15:30:36 +0000912001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Python Software Foundation; All Rights
Anthony Baxter94d62012005-03-10 13:47:17 +000092Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative version
93prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000094
953. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000096or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000097the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
98Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000099the changes made to Python.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000100
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +00001014. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000102basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
103IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
104DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000105FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000106INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
107
1085. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000109FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
110A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000111OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
112
1136. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
114breach of its terms and conditions.
115
Guido van Rossum648b4de2001-05-04 18:49:06 +00001167. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
117relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
118Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
119trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
120products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000121
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +00001228. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
Guido van Rossum859d9b52001-04-13 19:41:28 +0000123agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
124Agreement.
125
Guido van Rossum575d7f32001-04-13 15:04:31 +0000126
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000127BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
128-------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000129
Guido van Rossum2e0d3312000-09-04 00:58:48 +0000130BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000131
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001321. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
133office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000134Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
135this software in source or binary form and its associated
136documentation ("the Software").
137
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001382. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
139Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
140royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
141and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
142otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
143provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
144Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000145
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001463. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000147basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
148IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
149DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
150FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
151INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
152
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001534. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000154SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
155AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
156DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
157
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001585. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000159breach of its terms and conditions.
160
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001616. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000162respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
163law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
164create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
165between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant
Guido van Rossumac1c8182000-09-03 13:21:38 +0000166permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
167sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
168third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000169http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
170permissions granted on that web page.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000171
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001727. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000173agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
174Agreement.
175
176
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000177CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
178---------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000179
1801. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
181Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
182Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000183("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
184source or binary form and its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000185
1862. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
187hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
188license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000189prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000190alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
191License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001921995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
193Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
194version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
195Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
196quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
197conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with
198Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following
199unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This
200Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet
201using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013".
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000202
2033. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000204or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
205the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
206Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
207the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000208
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002094. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
210basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
211IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000212DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000213FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000214INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
215
2165. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002171.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
218A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
219OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000220
2216. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
222breach of its terms and conditions.
223
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002247. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
225intellectual property law of the United States, including without
226limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
227U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
228Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
229Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
230on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
231previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
232law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
233Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
234Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this
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236agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This
237License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
238trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
239services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000240
2418. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000242installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
243bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000244
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000245 ACCEPT
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000246
247
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000248CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
249--------------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000250
251Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
252The Netherlands. All rights reserved.
253
254Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
255documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
256provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
257both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
258supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
259Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
260distribution of the software without specific, written prior
261permission.
262
263STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
264THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
265FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
266FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
267WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
268ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
269OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.