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Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE
2==========================
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +00003
4Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00005Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands
6as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's
7principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00008
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +00009In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
10National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us)
11in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
12software.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000013
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000014In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
15BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same
Guido van Rossum2e1c09c2002-04-04 17:52:50 +000016year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope
17Corporation, see http://www.zope.com). In 2001, the Python Software
18Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a
19non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related
20Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of
21the PSF.
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000022
23All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for
24the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python
25releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
26the various releases.
27
28 Release Derived Year Owner GPL-
Tim Peters7cb13a92004-10-23 03:48:57 +000029 from compatible? (1)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000030
31 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes
32 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes
33 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no
34 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000035 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2)
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000036 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no
37 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes
38 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes
Tim Petersb0f3cea2002-04-08 21:36:47 +000039 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes
40 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes
Georg Brandl587b3052013-09-22 11:45:52 +020041 2.2 and above 2.1.1 2001-now PSF yes
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +000042
43Footnotes:
44
45(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
46 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
47 a modified version without making your changes open source. The
48 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
49 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000050
Guido van Rossum7df772b2002-04-11 20:54:35 +000051(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
52 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to
53 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
54 is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
55
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000056Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
57direction to make these releases possible.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000058
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +000059
Guido van Rossumaa815df2001-04-10 03:37:31 +000060B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
61===============================================================
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +000062
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000063PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
64--------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000065
661. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
67("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
Tim Peterscb919002004-10-26 14:38:48 +000068otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
69its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000070
Georg Brandlb1441c72009-01-03 22:33:39 +0000712. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby
72grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,
73analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,
74distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version,
75provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright,
Georg Brandled138532010-12-31 23:00:03 +000076i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
Benjamin Petersonfa10ae02013-12-31 22:02:22 -0600772011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved" are retained
Benjamin Peterson198399d2012-12-31 21:37:21 -060078in Python alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000079
803. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000081or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000082the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
83Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000084the changes made to Python.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000085
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +0000864. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000087basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
88IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
89DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000090FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000091INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
92
935. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +000094FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
95A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +000096OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
97
986. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
99breach of its terms and conditions.
100
Guido van Rossum648b4de2001-05-04 18:49:06 +00001017. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
102relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
103Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
104trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
105products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossum9ea60c52001-04-13 15:04:00 +0000106
Tim Petersacaffe62004-10-23 03:43:54 +00001078. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
Guido van Rossum859d9b52001-04-13 19:41:28 +0000108agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
109Agreement.
110
Guido van Rossum575d7f32001-04-13 15:04:31 +0000111
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000112BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
113-------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000114
Guido van Rossum2e0d3312000-09-04 00:58:48 +0000115BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000116
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001171. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
118office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000119Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
120this software in source or binary form and its associated
121documentation ("the Software").
122
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +00001232. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
124Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
125royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
126and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
127otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
128provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
129Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000130
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001313. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000132basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
133IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
134DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
135FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
136INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
137
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001384. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000139SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
140AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
141DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
142
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001435. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000144breach of its terms and conditions.
145
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001466. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000147respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
148law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
149create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
150between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant
Guido van Rossumac1c8182000-09-03 13:21:38 +0000151permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
152sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
153third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
Guido van Rossum028d0692000-09-03 03:13:44 +0000154http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
155permissions granted on that web page.
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000156
Guido van Rossum82271162000-09-05 03:05:07 +00001577. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000158agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
159Agreement.
160
161
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000162CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
163---------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000164
1651. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
166Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
167Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000168("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
169source or binary form and its associated documentation.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000170
1712. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
172hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
173license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000174prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000175alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
176License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001771995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
178Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
179version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
180Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
181quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
182conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with
183Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following
184unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This
185Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet
186using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013".
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000187
1883. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000189or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
190the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
191Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
192the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000193
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00001944. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
195basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
196IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000197DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000198FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000199INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
200
2015. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002021.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
203A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
204OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000205
2066. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
207breach of its terms and conditions.
208
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +00002097. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
210intellectual property law of the United States, including without
211limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
212U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
213Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
214Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
215on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
216previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
217law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
218Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
219Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this
220License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
221agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This
222License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
223trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
224services of Licensee, or any third party.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000225
2268. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying,
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000227installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
228bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
Guido van Rossumea761c02000-10-10 14:49:44 +0000229
Guido van Rossum3225c1f2001-03-22 15:41:06 +0000230 ACCEPT
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000231
232
Guido van Rossum7b4dd762001-07-17 20:14:06 +0000233CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
234--------------------------------------------------
Guido van Rossumea70b492000-09-01 19:51:14 +0000235
236Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
237The Netherlands. All rights reserved.
238
239Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
240documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
241provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
242both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
243supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
244Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
245distribution of the software without specific, written prior
246permission.
247
248STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
249THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
250FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
251FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
252WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
253ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
254OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.