Modules/_cursesmodule.c

/*
 *   This is a curses module for Python.
 *
 *   Based on prior work by Lance Ellinghaus and Oliver Andrich
 *   Version 1.2 of this module: Copyright 1994 by Lance Ellinghouse,
 *    Cathedral City, California Republic, United States of America.
 *
 *   Version 1.5b1, heavily extended for ncurses by Oliver Andrich:
 *   Copyright 1996,1997 by Oliver Andrich, Koblenz, Germany.
 *
 *   Tidied for Python 1.6, and currently maintained by <amk@amk.ca>.
 *
 *   Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 *   a copy of this source file to use, copy, modify, merge, or publish it
 *   subject to the following conditions:
 *
 *   The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 *   in all copies or in any new file that contains a substantial portion of
 *   this file.
 *
 *   THE  AUTHOR  MAKES  NO  REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT  THE  SUITABILITY  OF
 *   THE  SOFTWARE FOR  ANY  PURPOSE.  IT IS  PROVIDED  "AS IS"  WITHOUT
 *   EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED WARRANTY.  THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS  ALL WARRANTIES
 *   WITH  REGARD TO  THIS  SOFTWARE, INCLUDING  ALL IMPLIED  WARRANTIES
 *   OF   MERCHANTABILITY,  FITNESS   FOR  A   PARTICULAR  PURPOSE   AND
 *   NON-INFRINGEMENT  OF THIRD  PARTY  RIGHTS. IN  NO  EVENT SHALL  THE
 *   AUTHOR  BE LIABLE  TO  YOU  OR ANY  OTHER  PARTY  FOR ANY  SPECIAL,
 *   INDIRECT,  OR  CONSEQUENTIAL  DAMAGES  OR  ANY  DAMAGES  WHATSOEVER
 *   WHETHER IN AN  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE,  STRICT LIABILITY OR
 *   ANY OTHER  ACTION ARISING OUT OF  OR IN CONNECTION WITH  THE USE OR
 *   PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

/*

  A number of SysV or ncurses functions don't have wrappers yet; if you
  need a given function, add it and send a patch.  See
  http://www.python.org/dev/patches/ for instructions on how to submit
  patches to Python.

  Here's a list of currently unsupported functions:

  addchnstr addchstr color_set define_key
  del_curterm delscreen dupwin inchnstr inchstr innstr keyok
  mcprint mvaddchnstr mvaddchstr mvcur mvinchnstr
  mvinchstr mvinnstr mmvwaddchnstr mvwaddchstr
  mvwinchnstr mvwinchstr mvwinnstr newterm
  restartterm ripoffline scr_dump
  scr_init scr_restore scr_set scrl set_curterm set_term setterm
  tgetent tgetflag tgetnum tgetstr tgoto timeout tputs
  vidattr vidputs waddchnstr waddchstr
  wcolor_set winchnstr winchstr winnstr wmouse_trafo wscrl

  Low-priority:
  slk_attr slk_attr_off slk_attr_on slk_attr_set slk_attroff
  slk_attron slk_attrset slk_clear slk_color slk_init slk_label
  slk_noutrefresh slk_refresh slk_restore slk_set slk_touch

  Menu extension (ncurses and probably SYSV):
  current_item free_item free_menu item_count item_description
  item_index item_init item_name item_opts item_opts_off
  item_opts_on item_term item_userptr item_value item_visible
  menu_back menu_driver menu_fore menu_format menu_grey
  menu_init menu_items menu_mark menu_opts menu_opts_off
  menu_opts_on menu_pad menu_pattern menu_request_by_name
  menu_request_name menu_spacing menu_sub menu_term menu_userptr
  menu_win new_item new_menu pos_menu_cursor post_menu
  scale_menu set_current_item set_item_init set_item_opts
  set_item_term set_item_userptr set_item_value set_menu_back
  set_menu_fore set_menu_format set_menu_grey set_menu_init
  set_menu_items set_menu_mark set_menu_opts set_menu_pad
  set_menu_pattern set_menu_spacing set_menu_sub set_menu_term
  set_menu_userptr set_menu_win set_top_row top_row unpost_menu

  Form extension (ncurses and probably SYSV):
  current_field data_ahead data_behind dup_field
  dynamic_fieldinfo field_arg field_back field_buffer
  field_count field_fore field_index field_info field_init
  field_just field_opts field_opts_off field_opts_on field_pad
  field_status field_term field_type field_userptr form_driver
  form_fields form_init form_opts form_opts_off form_opts_on
  form_page form_request_by_name form_request_name form_sub
  form_term form_userptr form_win free_field free_form
  link_field link_fieldtype move_field new_field new_form
  new_page pos_form_cursor post_form scale_form
  set_current_field set_field_back set_field_buffer
  set_field_fore set_field_init set_field_just set_field_opts
  set_field_pad set_field_status set_field_term set_field_type
  set_field_userptr set_fieldtype_arg set_fieldtype_choice
  set_form_fields set_form_init set_form_opts set_form_page
  set_form_sub set_form_term set_form_userptr set_form_win
  set_max_field set_new_page unpost_form


*/

/* Release Number */

char *PyCursesVersion = "2.2";

/* Includes */

#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN

#include "Python.h"


#ifdef __hpux
#define STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
#endif

#define CURSES_MODULE
#include "py_curses.h"

/*  These prototypes are in <term.h>, but including this header
    #defines many common symbols (such as "lines") which breaks the
    curses module in other ways.  So the code will just specify
    explicit prototypes here. */
extern int setupterm(char *,int,int *);
#ifdef __sgi
#include <term.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LANGINFO_H
#include <langinfo.h>
#endif

#if !defined(HAVE_NCURSES_H) && (defined(sgi) || defined(__sun) || defined(SCO5))
#define STRICT_SYSV_CURSES       /* Don't use ncurses extensions */
typedef chtype attr_t;           /* No attr_t type is available */
#endif

#if defined(_AIX)
#define STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
#endif

/* Definition of exception curses.error */

static PyObject *PyCursesError;

/* Tells whether setupterm() has been called to initialise terminfo.  */
static int initialised_setupterm = FALSE;

/* Tells whether initscr() has been called to initialise curses.  */
static int initialised = FALSE;

/* Tells whether start_color() has been called to initialise color usage. */
static int initialisedcolors = FALSE;

static char *screen_encoding = NULL;

/* Utility Macros */
#define PyCursesSetupTermCalled                                         \
    if (initialised_setupterm != TRUE) {                                \
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,                                  \
                        "must call (at least) setupterm() first");      \
        return 0; }

#define PyCursesInitialised                             \
    if (initialised != TRUE) {                          \
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,                  \
                        "must call initscr() first");   \
        return 0; }

#define PyCursesInitialisedColor                                \
    if (initialisedcolors != TRUE) {                            \
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,                          \
                        "must call start_color() first");       \
        return 0; }

/* Utility Functions */

/*
 * Check the return code from a curses function and return None
 * or raise an exception as appropriate.  These are exported using the
 * capsule API.
 */

static PyObject *
PyCursesCheckERR(int code, const char *fname)
{
    if (code != ERR) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    } else {
        if (fname == NULL) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_ERR);
        } else {
            PyErr_Format(PyCursesError, "%s() returned ERR", fname);
        }
        return NULL;
    }
}

/* Convert an object to a byte (an integer of type chtype):

   - int
   - bytes of length 1
   - str of length 1

   Return 1 on success, 0 on error (invalid type or integer overflow). */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(PyCursesWindowObject *win, PyObject *obj, chtype *ch)
{
    long value;
    if(PyBytes_Check(obj) && PyBytes_Size(obj) == 1) {
        value = (unsigned char)PyBytes_AsString(obj)[0];
    }
    else if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
        if (PyUnicode_GetLength(obj) != 1) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                         "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, "
                         "got a str of length %zi",
                         PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(obj));
            return 0;
        }
        value = PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(obj, 0);
        if (128 < value) {
            PyObject *bytes;
            const char *encoding;
            if (win)
                encoding = win->encoding;
            else
                encoding = screen_encoding;
            bytes = PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject(obj, encoding, NULL);
            if (bytes == NULL)
                return 0;
            if (PyBytes_GET_SIZE(bytes) == 1)
                value = (unsigned char)PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytes)[0];
            else
                value = -1;
            Py_DECREF(bytes);
            if (value < 0)
                goto overflow;
        }
    }
    else if (PyLong_CheckExact(obj)) {
        int long_overflow;
        value = PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow(obj, &long_overflow);
        if (long_overflow)
            goto overflow;
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, got %s",
                     Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
        return 0;
    }
    *ch = (chtype)value;
    if ((long)*ch != value)
        goto overflow;
    return 1;

overflow:
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    "byte doesn't fit in chtype");
    return 0;
}

/* Convert an object to a byte (chtype) or a character (cchar_t):

    - int
    - bytes of length 1
    - str of length 1

   Return:

    - 2 if obj is a character (written into *wch)
    - 1 if obj is a byte (written into *ch)
    - 0 on error: raise an exception */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToCchar_t(PyCursesWindowObject *win, PyObject *obj,
                          chtype *ch
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
                          , cchar_t *wch
#endif
                          )
{
    long value;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t buffer[2];
#endif

    if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
        if (PyUnicode_AsWideChar(obj, buffer, 2) != 1) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                         "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, "
                         "got a str of length %zi",
                         PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(obj));
            return 0;
        }
        memset(wch->chars, 0, sizeof(wch->chars));
        wch->chars[0] = buffer[0];
        return 2;
#else
        return PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(win, obj, ch);
#endif
    }
    else if(PyBytes_Check(obj) && PyBytes_Size(obj) == 1) {
        value = (unsigned char)PyBytes_AsString(obj)[0];
    }
    else if (PyLong_CheckExact(obj)) {
        int overflow;
        value = PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow(obj, &overflow);
        if (overflow) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "int doesn't fit in long");
            return 0;
        }
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, got %s",
                     Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
        return 0;
    }

    *ch = (chtype)value;
    if ((long)*ch != value) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
                     "byte doesn't fit in chtype");
        return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

/* Convert an object to a byte string (char*) or a wide character string
   (wchar_t*). Return:

    - 2 if obj is a character string (written into *wch)
    - 1 if obj is a byte string (written into *bytes)
    - 0 on error: raise an exception */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToString(PyCursesWindowObject *win, PyObject *obj,
                         PyObject **bytes, wchar_t **wstr)
{
    if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
        assert (wstr != NULL);
        *wstr = PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(obj, NULL);
        if (*wstr == NULL)
            return 0;
        return 2;
#else
        assert (wstr == NULL);
        *bytes = PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject(obj, win->encoding, NULL);
        if (*bytes == NULL)
            return 0;
        return 1;
#endif
    }
    else if (PyBytes_Check(obj)) {
        Py_INCREF(obj);
        *bytes = obj;
        return 1;
    }

    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "expect bytes or str, got %s",
                 Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
    return 0;
}

/* Function versions of the 3 functions for testing whether curses has been
   initialised or not. */

static int func_PyCursesSetupTermCalled(void)
{
    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;
    return 1;
}

static int func_PyCursesInitialised(void)
{
    PyCursesInitialised;
    return 1;
}

static int func_PyCursesInitialisedColor(void)
{
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;
    return 1;
}

/*****************************************************************************
 The Window Object
******************************************************************************/

/* Definition of the window type */

PyTypeObject PyCursesWindow_Type;

/* Function prototype macros for Window object

   X - function name
   TYPE - parameter Type
   ERGSTR - format string for construction of the return value
   PARSESTR - format string for argument parsing
*/

#define Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(X)                 \
    static PyObject *PyCursesWindow_ ## X               \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)        \
    { return PyCursesCheckERR(X(self->win), # X); }

#define Window_NoArgTrueFalseFunction(X)                                \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self)                                        \
    {                                                                   \
        if (X (self->win) == FALSE) { Py_INCREF(Py_False); return Py_False; } \
        else { Py_INCREF(Py_True); return Py_True; } }

#define Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(X)                     \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                      \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self)                                \
    {                                                           \
        X(self->win); Py_INCREF(Py_None); return Py_None; }

#define Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(X, TYPE, ERGSTR)               \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self)                                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1, arg2;                                                \
        X(self->win,arg1,arg2); return Py_BuildValue(ERGSTR, arg1, arg2); }

#define Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(X, TYPE, PARSESTR)            \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1;                                                      \
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, PARSESTR, &arg1)) return NULL;      \
        X(self->win,arg1); Py_INCREF(Py_None); return Py_None; }

#define Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(X, TYPE, PARSESTR)                \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1;                                                      \
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,PARSESTR, &arg1)) return NULL;       \
        return PyCursesCheckERR(X(self->win, arg1), # X); }

#define Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(X, TYPE, PARSESTR)                \
    static PyObject * PyCursesWindow_ ## X                              \
    (PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)                        \
    {                                                                   \
        TYPE arg1, arg2;                                                \
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,PARSESTR, &arg1, &arg2)) return NULL; \
        return PyCursesCheckERR(X(self->win, arg1, arg2), # X); }

/* ------------- WINDOW routines --------------- */

Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(untouchwin)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(touchwin)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(redrawwin)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(winsertln)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(werase)
Window_NoArgNoReturnFunction(wdeleteln)

Window_NoArgTrueFalseFunction(is_wintouched)

Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wsyncup)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wsyncdown)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wstandend)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wstandout)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wcursyncup)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wclrtoeol)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wclrtobot)
Window_NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wclear)

Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(idcok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(immedok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(wtimeout, int, "i;delay")

Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getyx, int, "ii")
Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getbegyx, int, "ii")
Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getmaxyx, int, "ii")
Window_NoArg2TupleReturnFunction(getparyx, int, "ii")

Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(clearok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(idlok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(keypad, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#else
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(keypad, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#endif
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(leaveok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
Window_OneArgNoReturnVoidFunction(nodelay, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#else
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(nodelay, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
#endif
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(notimeout, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(scrollok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(winsdelln, int, "i;nlines")
Window_OneArgNoReturnFunction(syncok, int, "i;True(1) or False(0)")

Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(mvwin, int, "ii;y,x")
Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(mvderwin, int, "ii;y,x")
Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(wmove, int, "ii;y,x")
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
Window_TwoArgNoReturnFunction(wresize, int, "ii;lines,columns")
#endif

/* Allocation and deallocation of Window Objects */

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_New(WINDOW *win, const char *encoding)
{
    PyCursesWindowObject *wo;

    if (encoding == NULL) {
#if defined(MS_WINDOWS)
        char *buffer[100];
        UINT cp;
        cp = GetConsoleOutputCP();
        if (cp != 0) {
            PyOS_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "cp%u", cp);
            encoding = buffer;
        }
#elif defined(CODESET)
        const char *codeset = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
        if (codeset != NULL && codeset[0] != 0)
            encoding = codeset;
#endif
        if (encoding == NULL)
            encoding = "utf-8";
    }

    wo = PyObject_NEW(PyCursesWindowObject, &PyCursesWindow_Type);
    if (wo == NULL) return NULL;
    wo->win = win;
    wo->encoding = _PyMem_Strdup(encoding);
    if (wo->encoding == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(wo);
        PyErr_NoMemory();
        return NULL;
    }
    return (PyObject *)wo;
}

static void
PyCursesWindow_Dealloc(PyCursesWindowObject *wo)
{
    if (wo->win != stdscr) delwin(wo->win);
    if (wo->encoding != NULL)
        PyMem_Free(wo->encoding);
    PyObject_DEL(wo);
}

/* Addch, Addstr, Addnstr */

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AddCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn, x, y, use_xy = FALSE;
    PyObject *chobj;
    int type;
    chtype ch;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    cchar_t wch;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O;ch or int", &chobj))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Ol;ch or int,attr", &chobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiO;y,x,ch or int", &y, &x, &chobj))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOl;y,x,ch or int, attr",
                              &y, &x, &chobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "addch requires 1 to 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    type = PyCurses_ConvertToCchar_t(self, chobj, &ch, &wch);
    if (type == 2) {
        funcname = "add_wch";
        wch.attr = attr;
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwadd_wch(self->win,y,x, &wch);
        else {
            rtn = wadd_wch(self->win, &wch);
        }
    }
    else
#else
    type = PyCurses_ConvertToCchar_t(self, chobj, &ch);
#endif
    if (type == 1) {
        funcname = "addch";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddch(self->win,y,x, ch | attr);
        else {
            rtn = waddch(self->win, ch | attr);
        }
    }
    else {
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AddStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;str", &strobj))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;str,attr", &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiO;int,int,str", &y, &x, &strobj))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOl;int,int,str,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "addstr requires 1 to 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;
    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "addwstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddwstr(self->win,y,x,wstr);
        else
            rtn = waddwstr(self->win,wstr);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "addstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddstr(self->win,y,x,str);
        else
            rtn = waddstr(self->win,str);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AddNStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn, x, y, n;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oi;str,n", &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oil;str,n,attr", &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOi;y,x,str,n", &y, &x, &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOil;y,x,str,n,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "addnstr requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;

    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "addnwstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddnwstr(self->win,y,x,wstr,n);
        else
            rtn = waddnwstr(self->win,wstr,n);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "addnstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwaddnstr(self->win,y,x,str,n);
        else
            rtn = waddnstr(self->win,str,n);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Bkgd(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype bkgd;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "bkgd requires 1 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &bkgd))
        return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(wbkgd(self->win, bkgd | attr), "bkgd");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AttrOff(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    long lattr;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wattroff(self->win, (attr_t)lattr), "attroff");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AttrOn(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    long lattr;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wattron(self->win, (attr_t)lattr), "attron");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_AttrSet(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    long lattr;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wattrset(self->win, (attr_t)lattr), "attrset");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_BkgdSet(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype bkgd;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "bkgdset requires 1 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &bkgd))
        return NULL;

    wbkgdset(self->win, bkgd | attr);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(0, "bkgdset");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Border(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp[8];
    chtype ch[8];
    int i;

    /* Clear the array of parameters */
    for(i=0; i<8; i++) {
        temp[i] = NULL;
        ch[i] = 0;
    }

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"|OOOOOOOO;ls,rs,ts,bs,tl,tr,bl,br",
                          &temp[0], &temp[1], &temp[2], &temp[3],
                          &temp[4], &temp[5], &temp[6], &temp[7]))
        return NULL;

    for(i=0; i<8; i++) {
        if (temp[i] != NULL && !PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp[i], &ch[i]))
            return NULL;
    }

    wborder(self->win,
            ch[0], ch[1], ch[2], ch[3],
            ch[4], ch[5], ch[6], ch[7]);
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Box(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    chtype ch1=0,ch2=0;
    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)){
    case 0: break;
    default:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ll;vertint,horint", &ch1, &ch2))
            return NULL;
    }
    box(self->win,ch1,ch2);
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

#if defined(HAVE_NCURSES_H) || defined(MVWDELCH_IS_EXPRESSION)
#define py_mvwdelch mvwdelch
#else
int py_mvwdelch(WINDOW *w, int y, int x)
{
    mvwdelch(w,y,x);
    /* On HP/UX, mvwdelch already returns. On other systems,
       we may well run into this return statement. */
    return 0;
}
#endif

/* chgat, added by Fabian Kreutz <fabian.kreutz at gmx.net> */

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_ChgAt(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;
    int num = -1;
    short color;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"l;attr", &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"il;n,attr", &num, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iil;int,int,attr", &y, &x, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiil;int,int,n,attr", &y, &x, &num, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "chgat requires 1 to 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    color = (short)((attr >> 8) & 0xff);
    attr = attr - (color << 8);

    if (use_xy == TRUE) {
        rtn = mvwchgat(self->win,y,x,num,attr,color,NULL);
        touchline(self->win,y,1);
    } else {
        getyx(self->win,y,x);
        rtn = wchgat(self->win,num,attr,color,NULL);
        touchline(self->win,y,1);
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "chgat");
}


static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_DelCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        rtn = wdelch(self->win);
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x", &y, &x))
            return NULL;
        rtn = py_mvwdelch(self->win,y,x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "delch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "[mv]wdelch");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_DerWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x;

    nlines = 0;
    ncols  = 0;
    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;begin_y,begin_x",&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiii;nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x",
                              &nlines,&ncols,&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "derwin requires 2 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    win = derwin(self->win,nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x);

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_EchoChar(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "echochar requires 1 or 2 arguments");


        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

#ifdef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
        return PyCursesCheckERR(pechochar(self->win, ch | attr),
                                "echochar");
    else
#endif
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wechochar(self->win, ch | attr),
                                "echochar");
}

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Enclose(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x", &y, &x))
        return NULL;

    return PyLong_FromLong( wenclose(self->win,y,x) );
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetBkgd(PyCursesWindowObject *self)
{
    return PyLong_FromLong((long) getbkgd(self->win));
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = wgetch(self->win);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = mvwgetch(self->win,y,x);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "getch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyLong_FromLong((long)rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetKey(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = wgetch(self->win);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn = mvwgetch(self->win,y,x);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "getkey requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (rtn == ERR) {
        /* getch() returns ERR in nodelay mode */
        PyErr_CheckSignals();
        if (!PyErr_Occurred())
            PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "no input");
        return NULL;
    } else if (rtn<=255) {
        return Py_BuildValue("C", rtn);
    } else {
        const char *knp;
#if defined(__NetBSD__)
        knp = unctrl(rtn);
#else
        knp = keyname(rtn);
#endif
        return PyUnicode_FromString((knp == NULL) ? "" : knp);
    }
}

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Get_WCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    int ct;
    wint_t rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        ct = wget_wch(self->win,&rtn);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        ct = mvwget_wch(self->win,y,x,&rtn);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "get_wch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (ct == ERR) {
        if (PyErr_CheckSignals())
            return NULL;

        /* get_wch() returns ERR in nodelay mode */
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "no input");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (ct == KEY_CODE_YES)
        return PyLong_FromLong(rtn);
    else
        return PyUnicode_FromOrdinal(rtn);
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_GetStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y, n;
    char rtn[1024]; /* This should be big enough.. I hope */
    int rtn2;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = wgetnstr(self->win,rtn, 1023);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;n", &n))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = wgetnstr(self->win, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
#ifdef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
        rtn2 = wmove(self->win,y,x)==ERR ? ERR : wgetnstr(self->win, rtn, 1023);
#else
        rtn2 = mvwgetnstr(self->win,y,x,rtn, 1023);
#endif
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iii;y,x,n", &y, &x, &n))
            return NULL;
#ifdef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = wmove(self->win,y,x)==ERR ? ERR :
        wgetnstr(self->win, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
#else
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        rtn2 = mvwgetnstr(self->win, y, x, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
#endif
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "getstr requires 0 to 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (rtn2 == ERR)
        rtn[0] = 0;
    return PyBytes_FromString(rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Hline(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;
    int n, x, y, code = OK;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oi;ch or int,n", &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oil;ch or int,n,attr", &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOi;y,x,ch or int,n", &y, &x, &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOil; y,x,ch or int,n,attr",
                              &y, &x, &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "hline requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (code != ERR) {
        if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(whline(self->win, ch | attr, n), "hline");
    } else
        return PyCursesCheckERR(code, "wmove");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InsCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn, x, y, use_xy = FALSE;
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch = 0;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O;ch or int", &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Ol;ch or int,attr", &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiO;y,x,ch or int", &y, &x, &temp))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOl;y,x,ch or int, attr", &y, &x, &temp, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "insch requires 1 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

    if (use_xy == TRUE)
        rtn = mvwinsch(self->win,y,x, ch | attr);
    else {
        rtn = winsch(self->win, ch | attr);
    }
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "insch");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InCh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y, rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        rtn = winch(self->win);
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        rtn = mvwinch(self->win,y,x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "inch requires 0 or 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    return PyLong_FromLong((long) rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y, n;
    char rtn[1024]; /* This should be big enough.. I hope */
    int rtn2;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        rtn2 = winnstr(self->win,rtn, 1023);
        break;
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;n", &n))
            return NULL;
        rtn2 = winnstr(self->win, rtn, Py_MIN(n, 1023));
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;y,x",&y,&x))
            return NULL;
        rtn2 = mvwinnstr(self->win,y,x,rtn,1023);
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iii;y,x,n", &y, &x, &n))
            return NULL;
        rtn2 = mvwinnstr(self->win, y, x, rtn, Py_MIN(n,1023));
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "instr requires 0 or 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (rtn2 == ERR)
        rtn[0] = 0;
    return PyBytes_FromString(rtn);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InsStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn;
    int x, y;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;str", &strobj))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Ol;str,attr", &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiO;y,x,str", &y, &x, &strobj))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOl;y,x,str,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "insstr requires 1 to 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;

    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "inswstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwins_wstr(self->win,y,x,wstr);
        else
            rtn = wins_wstr(self->win,wstr);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "insstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwinsstr(self->win,y,x,str);
        else
            rtn = winsstr(self->win,str);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_InsNStr(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int rtn, x, y, n;
    int strtype;
    PyObject *strobj, *bytesobj = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    wchar_t *wstr = NULL;
#endif
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL , attr_old = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;
    int use_xy = FALSE, use_attr = FALSE;
    const char *funcname;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oi;str,n", &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"Oil;str,n,attr", &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOi;y,x,str,n", &y, &x, &strobj, &n))
            return NULL;
        use_xy = TRUE;
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"iiOil;y,x,str,n,attr", &y, &x, &strobj, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        use_xy = use_attr = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "insnstr requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, &wstr);
#else
    strtype = PyCurses_ConvertToString(self, strobj, &bytesobj, NULL);
#endif
    if (strtype == 0)
        return NULL;

    if (use_attr == TRUE) {
        attr_old = getattrs(self->win);
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr);
    }
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    if (strtype == 2) {
        funcname = "insn_wstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwins_nwstr(self->win,y,x,wstr,n);
        else
            rtn = wins_nwstr(self->win,wstr,n);
        PyMem_Free(wstr);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        char *str = PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytesobj);
        funcname = "insnstr";
        if (use_xy == TRUE)
            rtn = mvwinsnstr(self->win,y,x,str,n);
        else
            rtn = winsnstr(self->win,str,n);
        Py_DECREF(bytesobj);
    }
    if (use_attr == TRUE)
        (void)wattrset(self->win,attr_old);
    return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, funcname);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Is_LineTouched(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int line, erg;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;line", &line))
        return NULL;
    erg = is_linetouched(self->win, line);
    if (erg == ERR) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "is_linetouched: line number outside of boundaries");
        return NULL;
    } else
        if (erg == FALSE) {
            Py_INCREF(Py_False);
            return Py_False;
        } else {
            Py_INCREF(Py_True);
            return Py_True;
        }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_NoOutRefresh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol;
    int rtn;

#ifndef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (0)
#else
        if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
#endif
        {
            switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
            case 6:
                if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,
                                      "iiiiii;" \
                                      "pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol",
                                      &pminrow, &pmincol, &sminrow,
                                      &smincol, &smaxrow, &smaxcol))
                    return NULL;
                Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
                rtn = pnoutrefresh(self->win,
                                   pminrow, pmincol, sminrow,
                                   smincol, smaxrow, smaxcol);
                Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
                return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "pnoutrefresh");
            default:
                PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                                "noutrefresh() called for a pad "
                                "requires 6 arguments");
                return NULL;
            }
        } else {
            if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":noutrefresh"))
                return NULL;

            Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
            rtn = wnoutrefresh(self->win);
            Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
            return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "wnoutrefresh");
        }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Overlay(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyCursesWindowObject *temp;
    int use_copywin = FALSE;
    int sminrow, smincol, dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!;window object",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 7:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!iiiiii;window object, int, int, int, int, int, int",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp, &sminrow, &smincol,
                              &dminrow, &dmincol, &dmaxrow, &dmaxcol))
            return NULL;
        use_copywin = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "overlay requires one or seven arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (use_copywin == TRUE) {
        rtn = copywin(self->win, temp->win, sminrow, smincol,
                      dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol, TRUE);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "copywin");
    }
    else {
        rtn = overlay(self->win, temp->win);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "overlay");
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Overwrite(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyCursesWindowObject *temp;
    int use_copywin = FALSE;
    int sminrow, smincol, dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol;
    int rtn;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!;window object",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 7:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!iiiiii;window object, int, int, int, int, int, int",
                              &PyCursesWindow_Type, &temp, &sminrow, &smincol,
                              &dminrow, &dmincol, &dmaxrow, &dmaxcol))
            return NULL;
        use_copywin = TRUE;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "overwrite requires one or seven arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (use_copywin == TRUE) {
        rtn = copywin(self->win, temp->win, sminrow, smincol,
                      dminrow, dmincol, dmaxrow, dmaxcol, FALSE);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "copywin");
    }
    else {
        rtn = overwrite(self->win, temp->win);
        return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "overwrite");
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_PutWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *stream)
{
    /* We have to simulate this by writing to a temporary FILE*,
       then reading back, then writing to the argument stream. */
    char fn[100];
    int fd = -1;
    FILE *fp = NULL;
    PyObject *res = NULL;

    strcpy(fn, "/tmp/py.curses.putwin.XXXXXX");
    fd = mkstemp(fn);
    if (fd < 0)
        return PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
    if (_Py_set_inheritable(fd, 0, NULL) < 0)
        goto exit;
    fp = fdopen(fd, "wb+");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
        goto exit;
    }
    res = PyCursesCheckERR(putwin(self->win, fp), "putwin");
    if (res == NULL)
        goto exit;
    fseek(fp, 0, 0);
    while (1) {
        char buf[BUFSIZ];
        Py_ssize_t n = fread(buf, 1, BUFSIZ, fp);
        _Py_IDENTIFIER(write);

        if (n <= 0)
            break;
        Py_DECREF(res);
        res = _PyObject_CallMethodId(stream, &PyId_write, "y#", buf, n);
        if (res == NULL)
            break;
    }

exit:
    if (fp != NULL)
        fclose(fp);
    else if (fd != -1)
        close(fd);
    remove(fn);
    return res;
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_RedrawLine(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int beg, num;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii;beg,num", &beg, &num))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wredrawln(self->win,beg,num), "redrawln");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Refresh(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol;
    int rtn;

#ifndef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (0)
#else
        if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
#endif
        {
            switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
            case 6:
                if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,
                                      "iiiiii;" \
                                      "pminrow,pmincol,sminrow,smincol,smaxrow,smaxcol",
                                      &pminrow, &pmincol, &sminrow,
                                      &smincol, &smaxrow, &smaxcol))
                    return NULL;

                Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
                rtn = prefresh(self->win,
                               pminrow, pmincol, sminrow,
                               smincol, smaxrow, smaxcol);
                Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
                return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "prefresh");
            default:
                PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                                "refresh() for a pad requires 6 arguments");
                return NULL;
            }
        } else {
            if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, ":refresh"))
                return NULL;
            Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
            rtn = wrefresh(self->win);
            Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
            return PyCursesCheckERR(rtn, "prefresh");
        }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_SetScrollRegion(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int x, y;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;top, bottom",&y,&x))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(wsetscrreg(self->win,y,x), "wsetscrreg");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_SubWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x;

    nlines = 0;
    ncols  = 0;
    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;begin_y,begin_x",&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiii;nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x",
                              &nlines,&ncols,&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "subwin requires 2 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    /* printf("Subwin: %i %i %i %i   \n", nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x); */
#ifdef WINDOW_HAS_FLAGS
    if (self->win->_flags & _ISPAD)
        win = subpad(self->win, nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x);
    else
#endif
        win = subwin(self->win, nlines, ncols, begin_y, begin_x);

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, self->encoding);
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Scroll(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int nlines;
    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        return PyCursesCheckERR(scroll(self->win), "scroll");
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;nlines", &nlines))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wscrl(self->win, nlines), "scroll");
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "scroll requires 0 or 1 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_TouchLine(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int st, cnt, val;
    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;start,count",&st,&cnt))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(touchline(self->win,st,cnt), "touchline");
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iii;start,count,val", &st, &cnt, &val))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wtouchln(self->win, st, cnt, val), "touchline");
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "touchline requires 2 or 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_Vline(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;
    int n, x, y, code = OK;
    attr_t attr = A_NORMAL;
    long lattr;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oi;ch or int,n", &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 3:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "Oil;ch or int,n,attr", &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOi;y,x,ch or int,n", &y, &x, &temp, &n))
            return NULL;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    case 5:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiOil; y,x,ch or int,n,attr",
                              &y, &x, &temp, &n, &lattr))
            return NULL;
        attr = lattr;
        code = wmove(self->win, y, x);
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "vline requires 2 to 5 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (code != ERR) {
        if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(self, temp, &ch))
            return NULL;
        return PyCursesCheckERR(wvline(self->win, ch | attr, n), "vline");
    } else
        return PyCursesCheckERR(code, "wmove");
}

static PyObject *
PyCursesWindow_get_encoding(PyCursesWindowObject *self, void *closure)
{
    return PyUnicode_FromString(self->encoding);
}

static int
PyCursesWindow_set_encoding(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *value)
{
    PyObject *ascii;
    char *encoding;

    /* It is illegal to del win.encoding */
    if (value == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "encoding may not be deleted");
        return -1;
    }

    if (!PyUnicode_Check(value)) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "setting encoding to a non-string");
        return -1;
    }
    ascii = PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(value);
    if (ascii == NULL)
        return -1;
    encoding = _PyMem_Strdup(PyBytes_AS_STRING(ascii));
    Py_DECREF(ascii);
    if (encoding == NULL) {
        PyErr_NoMemory();
        return -1;
    }
    PyMem_Free(self->encoding);
    self->encoding = encoding;
    return 0;
}


static PyMethodDef PyCursesWindow_Methods[] = {
    {"addch",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AddCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"addnstr",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AddNStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"addstr",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AddStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"attroff",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AttrOff, METH_VARARGS},
    {"attron",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AttrOn, METH_VARARGS},
    {"attrset",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_AttrSet, METH_VARARGS},
    {"bkgd",            (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Bkgd, METH_VARARGS},
    {"chgat",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_ChgAt, METH_VARARGS},
    {"bkgdset",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_BkgdSet, METH_VARARGS},
    {"border",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Border, METH_VARARGS},
    {"box",             (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Box, METH_VARARGS},
    {"clear",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wclear, METH_NOARGS},
    {"clearok",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_clearok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"clrtobot",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wclrtobot, METH_NOARGS},
    {"clrtoeol",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wclrtoeol, METH_NOARGS},
    {"cursyncup",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wcursyncup, METH_NOARGS},
    {"delch",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_DelCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"deleteln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wdeleteln, METH_NOARGS},
    {"derwin",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_DerWin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"echochar",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_EchoChar, METH_VARARGS},
#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    {"enclose",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Enclose, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"erase",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_werase, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getbegyx",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getbegyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getbkgd",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetBkgd, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getch",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"getkey",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetKey, METH_VARARGS},
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    {"get_wch",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Get_WCh, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"getmaxyx",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getmaxyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getparyx",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getparyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getstr",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_GetStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"getyx",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_getyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"hline",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Hline, METH_VARARGS},
    {"idcok",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_idcok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"idlok",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_idlok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"immedok",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_immedok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"inch",            (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insch",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InsCh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insdelln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_winsdelln, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insertln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_winsertln, METH_NOARGS},
    {"insnstr",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InsNStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"insstr",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InsStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"instr",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_InStr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"is_linetouched",  (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Is_LineTouched, METH_VARARGS},
    {"is_wintouched",   (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_is_wintouched, METH_NOARGS},
    {"keypad",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_keypad, METH_VARARGS},
    {"leaveok",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_leaveok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"move",            (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wmove, METH_VARARGS},
    {"mvderwin",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_mvderwin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"mvwin",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_mvwin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"nodelay",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_nodelay, METH_VARARGS},
    {"notimeout",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_notimeout, METH_VARARGS},
    {"noutrefresh",     (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_NoOutRefresh, METH_VARARGS},
    /* Backward compatibility alias -- remove in Python 2.3 */
    {"nooutrefresh",    (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_NoOutRefresh, METH_VARARGS},
    {"overlay",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Overlay, METH_VARARGS},
    {"overwrite",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Overwrite,
     METH_VARARGS},
    {"putwin",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_PutWin, METH_O},
    {"redrawln",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_RedrawLine, METH_VARARGS},
    {"redrawwin",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_redrawwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"refresh",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Refresh, METH_VARARGS},
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
    {"resize",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wresize, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"scroll",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Scroll, METH_VARARGS},
    {"scrollok",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_scrollok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"setscrreg",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_SetScrollRegion, METH_VARARGS},
    {"standend",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wstandend, METH_NOARGS},
    {"standout",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wstandout, METH_NOARGS},
    {"subpad",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_SubWin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"subwin",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_SubWin, METH_VARARGS},
    {"syncdown",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wsyncdown, METH_NOARGS},
    {"syncok",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_syncok, METH_VARARGS},
    {"syncup",          (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wsyncup, METH_NOARGS},
    {"timeout",         (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_wtimeout, METH_VARARGS},
    {"touchline",       (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_TouchLine, METH_VARARGS},
    {"touchwin",        (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_touchwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"untouchwin",      (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_untouchwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"vline",           (PyCFunction)PyCursesWindow_Vline, METH_VARARGS},
    {NULL,                  NULL}   /* sentinel */
};

static PyGetSetDef PyCursesWindow_getsets[] = {
    {"encoding",
     (getter)PyCursesWindow_get_encoding,
     (setter)PyCursesWindow_set_encoding,
     "the typecode character used to create the array"},
    {NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }  /* sentinel */
};

/* -------------------------------------------------------*/

PyTypeObject PyCursesWindow_Type = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
    "_curses.curses window",            /*tp_name*/
    sizeof(PyCursesWindowObject),       /*tp_basicsize*/
    0,                          /*tp_itemsize*/
    /* methods */
    (destructor)PyCursesWindow_Dealloc, /*tp_dealloc*/
    0,                          /*tp_print*/
    (getattrfunc)0,             /*tp_getattr*/
    (setattrfunc)0,             /*tp_setattr*/
    0,                          /*tp_reserved*/
    0,                          /*tp_repr*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_number*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_sequence*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_mapping*/
    0,                          /*tp_hash*/
    0,                          /*tp_call*/
    0,                          /*tp_str*/
    0,                          /*tp_getattro*/
    0,                          /*tp_setattro*/
    0,                          /*tp_as_buffer*/
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,         /*tp_flags*/
    0,                          /*tp_doc*/
    0,                          /*tp_traverse*/
    0,                          /*tp_clear*/
    0,                          /*tp_richcompare*/
    0,                          /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
    0,                          /*tp_iter*/
    0,                          /*tp_iternext*/
    PyCursesWindow_Methods,     /*tp_methods*/
    0,                          /* tp_members */
    PyCursesWindow_getsets,     /* tp_getset */
};

/*********************************************************************
 Global Functions
**********************************************************************/

NoArgNoReturnFunction(beep)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(def_prog_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(def_shell_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(doupdate)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(endwin)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(flash)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(nocbreak)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(noecho)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(nonl)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(noraw)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(reset_prog_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(reset_shell_mode)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(resetty)
NoArgNoReturnFunction(savetty)

NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(cbreak)
NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(echo)
NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(nl)
NoArgOrFlagNoReturnFunction(raw)

NoArgReturnIntFunction(baudrate)
NoArgReturnIntFunction(termattrs)

NoArgReturnStringFunction(termname)
NoArgReturnStringFunction(longname)

NoArgTrueFalseFunction(can_change_color)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(has_colors)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(has_ic)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(has_il)
NoArgTrueFalseFunction(isendwin)
NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(flushinp)
NoArgNoReturnVoidFunction(noqiflush)

static PyObject *
PyCurses_filter(PyObject *self)
{
    /* not checking for PyCursesInitialised here since filter() must
       be called before initscr() */
    filter();
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Color_Content(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short color,r,g,b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "h:color_content", &color)) return NULL;

    if (color_content(color, &r, &g, &b) != ERR)
        return Py_BuildValue("(iii)", r, g, b);
    else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                        "Argument 1 was out of range. Check value of COLORS.");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_color_pair(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int n;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i:color_pair", &n)) return NULL;
    return PyLong_FromLong((long) (n << 8));
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Curs_Set(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int vis,erg;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i:curs_set", &vis)) return NULL;

    erg = curs_set(vis);
    if (erg == ERR) return PyCursesCheckERR(erg, "curs_set");

    return PyLong_FromLong((long) erg);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Delay_Output(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ms;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i:delay_output", &ms)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(delay_output(ms), "delay_output");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_EraseChar(PyObject *self)
{
    char ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    ch = erasechar();

    return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(&ch, 1);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_getsyx(PyObject *self)
{
    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    getsyx(y, x);

    return Py_BuildValue("(ii)", y, x);
}

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
static PyObject *
PyCurses_GetMouse(PyObject *self)
{
    int rtn;
    MEVENT event;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    rtn = getmouse( &event );
    if (rtn == ERR) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "getmouse() returned ERR");
        return NULL;
    }
    return Py_BuildValue("(hiiil)",
                         (short)event.id,
                         event.x, event.y, event.z,
                         (long) event.bstate);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_UngetMouse(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    MEVENT event;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "hiiil",
                          &event.id,
                          &event.x, &event.y, &event.z,
                          (int *) &event.bstate))
        return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(ungetmouse(&event), "ungetmouse");
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_GetWin(PyCursesWindowObject *self, PyObject *stream)
{
    char fn[100];
    int fd = -1;
    FILE *fp = NULL;
    PyObject *data;
    size_t datalen;
    WINDOW *win;
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(read);
    PyObject *res = NULL;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    strcpy(fn, "/tmp/py.curses.getwin.XXXXXX");
    fd = mkstemp(fn);
    if (fd < 0)
        return PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
    if (_Py_set_inheritable(fd, 0, NULL) < 0)
        goto error;
    fp = fdopen(fd, "wb+");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
        goto error;
    }

    data = _PyObject_CallMethodId(stream, &PyId_read, "");
    if (data == NULL)
        goto error;
    if (!PyBytes_Check(data)) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "f.read() returned %.100s instead of bytes",
                     data->ob_type->tp_name);
        Py_DECREF(data);
        goto error;
    }
    datalen = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(data);
    if (fwrite(PyBytes_AS_STRING(data), 1, datalen, fp) != datalen) {
        Py_DECREF(data);
        PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename(PyExc_IOError, fn);
        goto error;
    }
    Py_DECREF(data);

    fseek(fp, 0, 0);
    win = getwin(fp);
    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        goto error;
    }
    res = PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);

error:
    if (fp != NULL)
        fclose(fp);
    else if (fd != -1)
        close(fd);
    remove(fn);
    return res;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_HalfDelay(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    unsigned char tenths;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "b:halfdelay", &tenths)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(halfdelay(tenths), "halfdelay");
}

#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
/* No has_key! */
static PyObject * PyCurses_has_key(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i",&ch)) return NULL;

    if (has_key(ch) == FALSE) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_False);
        return Py_False;
    }
    Py_INCREF(Py_True);
    return Py_True;
}
#endif /* STRICT_SYSV_CURSES */

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Init_Color(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short color, r, g, b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "hhhh;color,r,g,b", &color, &r, &g, &b)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "init_color requires 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyCursesCheckERR(init_color(color, r, g, b), "init_color");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Init_Pair(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short pair, f, b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    if (PyTuple_Size(args) != 3) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "init_pair requires 3 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "hhh;pair, f, b", &pair, &f, &b)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(init_pair(pair, f, b), "init_pair");
}

static PyObject *ModDict;

static PyObject *
PyCurses_InitScr(PyObject *self)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    PyCursesWindowObject *winobj;

    if (initialised == TRUE) {
        wrefresh(stdscr);
        return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(stdscr, NULL);
    }

    win = initscr();

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    initialised = initialised_setupterm = TRUE;

/* This was moved from initcurses() because it core dumped on SGI,
   where they're not defined until you've called initscr() */
#define SetDictInt(string,ch)                                           \
    do {                                                                \
        PyObject *o = PyLong_FromLong((long) (ch));                     \
        if (o && PyDict_SetItemString(ModDict, string, o) == 0)     {   \
            Py_DECREF(o);                                               \
        }                                                               \
    } while (0)

    /* Here are some graphic symbols you can use */
    SetDictInt("ACS_ULCORNER",      (ACS_ULCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LLCORNER",      (ACS_LLCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_URCORNER",      (ACS_URCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LRCORNER",      (ACS_LRCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LTEE",          (ACS_LTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_RTEE",          (ACS_RTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BTEE",          (ACS_BTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_TTEE",          (ACS_TTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_HLINE",         (ACS_HLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_VLINE",         (ACS_VLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_PLUS",          (ACS_PLUS));
#if !defined(__hpux) || defined(HAVE_NCURSES_H)
    /* On HP/UX 11, these are of type cchar_t, which is not an
       integral type. If this is a problem on more platforms, a
       configure test should be added to determine whether ACS_S1
       is of integral type. */
    SetDictInt("ACS_S1",            (ACS_S1));
    SetDictInt("ACS_S9",            (ACS_S9));
    SetDictInt("ACS_DIAMOND",       (ACS_DIAMOND));
    SetDictInt("ACS_CKBOARD",       (ACS_CKBOARD));
    SetDictInt("ACS_DEGREE",        (ACS_DEGREE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_PLMINUS",       (ACS_PLMINUS));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BULLET",        (ACS_BULLET));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LARROW",        (ACS_LARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_RARROW",        (ACS_RARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_DARROW",        (ACS_DARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_UARROW",        (ACS_UARROW));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BOARD",         (ACS_BOARD));
    SetDictInt("ACS_LANTERN",       (ACS_LANTERN));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BLOCK",         (ACS_BLOCK));
#endif
    SetDictInt("ACS_BSSB",          (ACS_ULCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSBB",          (ACS_LLCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BBSS",          (ACS_URCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SBBS",          (ACS_LRCORNER));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SBSS",          (ACS_RTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSSB",          (ACS_LTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSBS",          (ACS_BTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BSSS",          (ACS_TTEE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_BSBS",          (ACS_HLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SBSB",          (ACS_VLINE));
    SetDictInt("ACS_SSSS",          (ACS_PLUS));

    /* The following are never available with strict SYSV curses */
#ifdef ACS_S3
    SetDictInt("ACS_S3",            (ACS_S3));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_S7
    SetDictInt("ACS_S7",            (ACS_S7));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_LEQUAL
    SetDictInt("ACS_LEQUAL",        (ACS_LEQUAL));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_GEQUAL
    SetDictInt("ACS_GEQUAL",        (ACS_GEQUAL));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_PI
    SetDictInt("ACS_PI",            (ACS_PI));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_NEQUAL
    SetDictInt("ACS_NEQUAL",        (ACS_NEQUAL));
#endif
#ifdef ACS_STERLING
    SetDictInt("ACS_STERLING",      (ACS_STERLING));
#endif

    SetDictInt("LINES", LINES);
    SetDictInt("COLS", COLS);

    winobj = (PyCursesWindowObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
    screen_encoding = winobj->encoding;
    return (PyObject *)winobj;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_setupterm(PyObject* self, PyObject *args, PyObject* keywds)
{
    int fd = -1;
    int err;
    char* termstr = NULL;

    static char *kwlist[] = {"term", "fd", NULL};

    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(
            args, keywds, "|zi:setupterm", kwlist, &termstr, &fd)) {
        return NULL;
    }

    if (fd == -1) {
        PyObject* sys_stdout;

        sys_stdout = PySys_GetObject("stdout");

        if (sys_stdout == NULL || sys_stdout == Py_None) {
            PyErr_SetString(
                PyCursesError,
                "lost sys.stdout");
            return NULL;
        }

        fd = PyObject_AsFileDescriptor(sys_stdout);

        if (fd == -1) {
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    if (!initialised_setupterm && setupterm(termstr,fd,&err) == ERR) {
        char* s = "setupterm: unknown error";

        if (err == 0) {
            s = "setupterm: could not find terminal";
        } else if (err == -1) {
            s = "setupterm: could not find terminfo database";
        }

        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,s);
        return NULL;
    }

    initialised_setupterm = TRUE;

    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_IntrFlush(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;True(1), False(0)",&ch)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "intrflush requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyCursesCheckERR(intrflush(NULL,ch), "intrflush");
}

#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_IS_TERM_RESIZED
static PyObject *
PyCurses_Is_Term_Resized(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int lines;
    int columns;
    int result;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii:is_term_resized", &lines, &columns))
        return NULL;
    result = is_term_resized(lines, columns);
    if (result == TRUE) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_True);
        return Py_True;
    } else {
        Py_INCREF(Py_False);
        return Py_False;
    }
}
#endif /* HAVE_CURSES_IS_TERM_RESIZED */

#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
static PyObject *
PyCurses_KeyName(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    const char *knp;
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i",&ch)) return NULL;

    if (ch < 0) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "invalid key number");
        return NULL;
    }
    knp = keyname(ch);

    return PyBytes_FromString((knp == NULL) ? "" : (char *)knp);
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_KillChar(PyObject *self)
{
    char ch;

    ch = killchar();

    return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(&ch, 1);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Meta(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;True(1), False(0)",&ch)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "meta requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyCursesCheckERR(meta(stdscr, ch), "meta");
}

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
static PyObject *
PyCurses_MouseInterval(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int interval;
    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;interval",&interval))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(mouseinterval(interval), "mouseinterval");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_MouseMask(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int newmask;
    mmask_t oldmask, availmask;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;mousemask",&newmask))
        return NULL;
    availmask = mousemask(newmask, &oldmask);
    return Py_BuildValue("(ll)", (long)availmask, (long)oldmask);
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Napms(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int ms;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;ms", &ms)) return NULL;

    return Py_BuildValue("i", napms(ms));
}


static PyObject *
PyCurses_NewPad(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;nlines,ncols",&nlines,&ncols)) return NULL;

    win = newpad(nlines, ncols);

    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_NewWindow(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    WINDOW *win;
    int nlines, ncols, begin_y=0, begin_x=0;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch (PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 2:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii;nlines,ncols",&nlines,&ncols))
            return NULL;
        break;
    case 4:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iiii;nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x",
                              &nlines,&ncols,&begin_y,&begin_x))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "newwin requires 2 or 4 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    win = newwin(nlines,ncols,begin_y,begin_x);
    if (win == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, catchall_NULL);
        return NULL;
    }

    return (PyObject *)PyCursesWindow_New(win, NULL);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Pair_Content(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    short pair,f,b;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "h;pair", &pair)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "pair_content requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (pair_content(pair, &f, &b)==ERR) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError,
                        "Argument 1 was out of range. (1..COLOR_PAIRS-1)");
        return NULL;
    }

    return Py_BuildValue("(ii)", f, b);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_pair_number(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int n;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;pairvalue", &n)) return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                        "pair_number requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyLong_FromLong((long) ((n & A_COLOR) >> 8));
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Putp(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *str;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"y;str", &str))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(putp(str), "putp");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_QiFlush(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int flag = 0;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 0:
        qiflush();
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i;True(1) or False(0)", &flag)) return NULL;
        if (flag) qiflush();
        else noqiflush();
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "qiflush requires 0 or 1 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }
}

/* Internal helper used for updating curses.LINES, curses.COLS, _curses.LINES
 * and _curses.COLS */
#if defined(HAVE_CURSES_RESIZETERM) || defined(HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM)
static int
update_lines_cols(void)
{
    PyObject *o;
    PyObject *m = PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock("curses");
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(LINES);
    _Py_IDENTIFIER(COLS);

    if (!m)
        return 0;

    o = PyLong_FromLong(LINES);
    if (!o) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        return 0;
    }
    if (_PyObject_SetAttrId(m, &PyId_LINES, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    /* PyId_LINES.object will be initialized here. */
    if (PyDict_SetItem(ModDict, PyId_LINES.object, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    Py_DECREF(o);
    o = PyLong_FromLong(COLS);
    if (!o) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        return 0;
    }
    if (_PyObject_SetAttrId(m, &PyId_COLS, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    if (PyDict_SetItem(ModDict, PyId_COLS.object, o)) {
        Py_DECREF(m);
        Py_DECREF(o);
        return 0;
    }
    Py_DECREF(o);
    Py_DECREF(m);
    return 1;
}
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZETERM
static PyObject *
PyCurses_ResizeTerm(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int lines;
    int columns;
    PyObject *result;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii:resizeterm", &lines, &columns))
        return NULL;

    result = PyCursesCheckERR(resizeterm(lines, columns), "resizeterm");
    if (!result)
        return NULL;
    if (!update_lines_cols())
        return NULL;
    return result;
}

#endif

#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM
static PyObject *
PyCurses_Resize_Term(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int lines;
    int columns;

    PyObject *result;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"ii:resize_term", &lines, &columns))
        return NULL;

    result = PyCursesCheckERR(resize_term(lines, columns), "resize_term");
    if (!result)
        return NULL;
    if (!update_lines_cols())
        return NULL;
    return result;
}
#endif /* HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM */

static PyObject *
PyCurses_setsyx(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int y,x;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (PyTuple_Size(args)!=2) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "setsyx requires 2 arguments");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii;y, x", &y, &x)) return NULL;

    setsyx(y,x);

    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Start_Color(PyObject *self)
{
    int code;
    PyObject *c, *cp;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    code = start_color();
    if (code != ERR) {
        initialisedcolors = TRUE;
        c = PyLong_FromLong((long) COLORS);
        if (c == NULL)
            return NULL;
        PyDict_SetItemString(ModDict, "COLORS", c);
        Py_DECREF(c);
        cp = PyLong_FromLong((long) COLOR_PAIRS);
        if (cp == NULL)
            return NULL;
        PyDict_SetItemString(ModDict, "COLOR_PAIRS", cp);
        Py_DECREF(cp);
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    } else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "start_color() returned ERR");
        return NULL;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tigetflag(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *capname;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &capname))
        return NULL;

    return PyLong_FromLong( (long) tigetflag( capname ) );
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tigetnum(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *capname;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &capname))
        return NULL;

    return PyLong_FromLong( (long) tigetnum( capname ) );
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tigetstr(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *capname;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &capname))
        return NULL;

    capname = tigetstr( capname );
    if (capname == 0 || capname == (char*) -1) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    }
    return PyBytes_FromString( capname );
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_tparm(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char* fmt;
    char* result = NULL;
    int i1=0,i2=0,i3=0,i4=0,i5=0,i6=0,i7=0,i8=0,i9=0;

    PyCursesSetupTermCalled;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "y|iiiiiiiii:tparm",
                          &fmt, &i1, &i2, &i3, &i4,
                          &i5, &i6, &i7, &i8, &i9)) {
        return NULL;
    }

    result = tparm(fmt,i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,i9);
    if (!result) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "tparm() returned NULL");
        return NULL;
    }

    return PyBytes_FromString(result);
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_TypeAhead(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int fd;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;fd",&fd)) return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(typeahead( fd ), "typeahead");
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_UnCtrl(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;ch or int",&temp)) return NULL;

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(NULL, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

    return PyBytes_FromString(unctrl(ch));
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_UngetCh(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *temp;
    chtype ch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O;ch or int",&temp))
        return NULL;

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToChtype(NULL, temp, &ch))
        return NULL;

    return PyCursesCheckERR(ungetch(ch), "ungetch");
}

#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
/* Convert an object to a character (wchar_t):

    - int
    - str of length 1

   Return 1 on success, 0 on error. */
static int
PyCurses_ConvertToWchar_t(PyObject *obj,
                          wchar_t *wch)
{
    if (PyUnicode_Check(obj)) {
        wchar_t buffer[2];
        if (PyUnicode_AsWideChar(obj, buffer, 2) != 1) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                         "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, "
                         "got a str of length %zi",
                         PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(obj));
            return 0;
        }
        *wch = buffer[0];
        return 2;
    }
    else if (PyLong_CheckExact(obj)) {
        long value;
        int overflow;
        value = PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow(obj, &overflow);
        if (overflow) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "int doesn't fit in long");
            return 0;
        }
        *wch = (wchar_t)value;
        if ((long)*wch != value) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
                         "character doesn't fit in wchar_t");
            return 0;
        }
        return 1;
    }
    else {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "expect bytes or str of length 1, or int, got %s",
                     Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
        return 0;
    }
}

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Unget_Wch(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *obj;
    wchar_t wch;

    PyCursesInitialised;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"O", &obj))
        return NULL;

    if (!PyCurses_ConvertToWchar_t(obj, &wch))
        return NULL;
    return PyCursesCheckERR(unget_wch(wch), "unget_wch");
}
#endif

static PyObject *
PyCurses_Use_Env(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int flag;

    switch(PyTuple_Size(args)) {
    case 1:
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args,"i;True(1), False(0)",&flag))
            return NULL;
        break;
    default:
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "use_env requires 1 argument");
        return NULL;
    }
    use_env(flag);
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    return Py_None;
}

#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
static PyObject *
PyCurses_Use_Default_Colors(PyObject *self)
{
    int code;

    PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    code = use_default_colors();
    if (code != ERR) {
        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
        return Py_None;
    } else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyCursesError, "use_default_colors() returned ERR");
        return NULL;
    }
}
#endif /* STRICT_SYSV_CURSES */

/* List of functions defined in the module */

static PyMethodDef PyCurses_methods[] = {
    {"baudrate",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_baudrate, METH_NOARGS},
    {"beep",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_beep, METH_NOARGS},
    {"can_change_color",    (PyCFunction)PyCurses_can_change_color, METH_NOARGS},
    {"cbreak",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_cbreak, METH_VARARGS},
    {"color_content",       (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Color_Content, METH_VARARGS},
    {"color_pair",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_color_pair, METH_VARARGS},
    {"curs_set",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Curs_Set, METH_VARARGS},
    {"def_prog_mode",       (PyCFunction)PyCurses_def_prog_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"def_shell_mode",      (PyCFunction)PyCurses_def_shell_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"delay_output",        (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Delay_Output, METH_VARARGS},
    {"doupdate",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_doupdate, METH_NOARGS},
    {"echo",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_echo, METH_VARARGS},
    {"endwin",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_endwin, METH_NOARGS},
    {"erasechar",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_EraseChar, METH_NOARGS},
    {"filter",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_filter, METH_NOARGS},
    {"flash",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_flash, METH_NOARGS},
    {"flushinp",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_flushinp, METH_NOARGS},
#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    {"getmouse",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_GetMouse, METH_NOARGS},
    {"ungetmouse",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_UngetMouse, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"getsyx",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_getsyx, METH_NOARGS},
    {"getwin",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_GetWin, METH_O},
    {"has_colors",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_colors, METH_NOARGS},
    {"has_ic",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_ic, METH_NOARGS},
    {"has_il",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_il, METH_NOARGS},
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
    {"has_key",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_has_key, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"halfdelay",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_HalfDelay, METH_VARARGS},
    {"init_color",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Init_Color, METH_VARARGS},
    {"init_pair",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Init_Pair, METH_VARARGS},
    {"initscr",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_InitScr, METH_NOARGS},
    {"intrflush",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_IntrFlush, METH_VARARGS},
    {"isendwin",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_isendwin, METH_NOARGS},
#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_IS_TERM_RESIZED
    {"is_term_resized",     (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Is_Term_Resized, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
    {"keyname",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_KeyName, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"killchar",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_KillChar, METH_NOARGS},
    {"longname",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_longname, METH_NOARGS},
    {"meta",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Meta, METH_VARARGS},
#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    {"mouseinterval",       (PyCFunction)PyCurses_MouseInterval, METH_VARARGS},
    {"mousemask",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_MouseMask, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"napms",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Napms, METH_VARARGS},
    {"newpad",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_NewPad, METH_VARARGS},
    {"newwin",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_NewWindow, METH_VARARGS},
    {"nl",                  (PyCFunction)PyCurses_nl, METH_VARARGS},
    {"nocbreak",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_nocbreak, METH_NOARGS},
    {"noecho",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_noecho, METH_NOARGS},
    {"nonl",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_nonl, METH_NOARGS},
    {"noqiflush",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_noqiflush, METH_NOARGS},
    {"noraw",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_noraw, METH_NOARGS},
    {"pair_content",        (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Pair_Content, METH_VARARGS},
    {"pair_number",         (PyCFunction)PyCurses_pair_number, METH_VARARGS},
    {"putp",                (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Putp, METH_VARARGS},
    {"qiflush",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_QiFlush, METH_VARARGS},
    {"raw",                 (PyCFunction)PyCurses_raw, METH_VARARGS},
    {"reset_prog_mode",     (PyCFunction)PyCurses_reset_prog_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"reset_shell_mode",    (PyCFunction)PyCurses_reset_shell_mode, METH_NOARGS},
    {"resetty",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_resetty, METH_NOARGS},
#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZETERM
    {"resizeterm",          (PyCFunction)PyCurses_ResizeTerm, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_CURSES_RESIZE_TERM
    {"resize_term",         (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Resize_Term, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"savetty",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_savetty, METH_NOARGS},
    {"setsyx",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_setsyx, METH_VARARGS},
    {"setupterm",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_setupterm,
     METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS},
    {"start_color",         (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Start_Color, METH_NOARGS},
    {"termattrs",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_termattrs, METH_NOARGS},
    {"termname",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_termname, METH_NOARGS},
    {"tigetflag",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tigetflag, METH_VARARGS},
    {"tigetnum",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tigetnum, METH_VARARGS},
    {"tigetstr",            (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tigetstr, METH_VARARGS},
    {"tparm",               (PyCFunction)PyCurses_tparm, METH_VARARGS},
    {"typeahead",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_TypeAhead, METH_VARARGS},
    {"unctrl",              (PyCFunction)PyCurses_UnCtrl, METH_VARARGS},
    {"ungetch",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_UngetCh, METH_VARARGS},
#ifdef HAVE_NCURSESW
    {"unget_wch",           (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Unget_Wch, METH_VARARGS},
#endif
    {"use_env",             (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Use_Env, METH_VARARGS},
#ifndef STRICT_SYSV_CURSES
    {"use_default_colors",  (PyCFunction)PyCurses_Use_Default_Colors, METH_NOARGS},
#endif
    {NULL,                  NULL}         /* sentinel */
};

/* Initialization function for the module */


static struct PyModuleDef _cursesmodule = {
    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
    "_curses",
    NULL,
    -1,
    PyCurses_methods,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL
};

PyMODINIT_FUNC
PyInit__curses(void)
{
    PyObject *m, *d, *v, *c_api_object;
    static void *PyCurses_API[PyCurses_API_pointers];

    /* Initialize object type */
    if (PyType_Ready(&PyCursesWindow_Type) < 0)
        return NULL;

    /* Initialize the C API pointer array */
    PyCurses_API[0] = (void *)&PyCursesWindow_Type;
    PyCurses_API[1] = (void *)func_PyCursesSetupTermCalled;
    PyCurses_API[2] = (void *)func_PyCursesInitialised;
    PyCurses_API[3] = (void *)func_PyCursesInitialisedColor;

    /* Create the module and add the functions */
    m = PyModule_Create(&_cursesmodule);
    if (m == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* Add some symbolic constants to the module */
    d = PyModule_GetDict(m);
    if (d == NULL)
        return NULL;
    ModDict = d; /* For PyCurses_InitScr to use later */

    /* Add a capsule for the C API */
    c_api_object = PyCapsule_New(PyCurses_API, PyCurses_CAPSULE_NAME, NULL);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "_C_API", c_api_object);
    Py_DECREF(c_api_object);

    /* For exception curses.error */
    PyCursesError = PyErr_NewException("_curses.error", NULL, NULL);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "error", PyCursesError);

    /* Make the version available */
    v = PyBytes_FromString(PyCursesVersion);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "version", v);
    PyDict_SetItemString(d, "__version__", v);
    Py_DECREF(v);

    SetDictInt("ERR", ERR);
    SetDictInt("OK", OK);

    /* Here are some attributes you can add to chars to print */

    SetDictInt("A_ATTRIBUTES",      A_ATTRIBUTES);
    SetDictInt("A_NORMAL",              A_NORMAL);
    SetDictInt("A_STANDOUT",            A_STANDOUT);
    SetDictInt("A_UNDERLINE",           A_UNDERLINE);
    SetDictInt("A_REVERSE",             A_REVERSE);
    SetDictInt("A_BLINK",               A_BLINK);
    SetDictInt("A_DIM",                 A_DIM);
    SetDictInt("A_BOLD",                A_BOLD);
    SetDictInt("A_ALTCHARSET",          A_ALTCHARSET);
#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
    SetDictInt("A_INVIS",           A_INVIS);
#endif
    SetDictInt("A_PROTECT",         A_PROTECT);
    SetDictInt("A_CHARTEXT",        A_CHARTEXT);
    SetDictInt("A_COLOR",           A_COLOR);

    /* The following are never available with strict SYSV curses */
#ifdef A_HORIZONTAL
    SetDictInt("A_HORIZONTAL",      A_HORIZONTAL);
#endif
#ifdef A_LEFT
    SetDictInt("A_LEFT",            A_LEFT);
#endif
#ifdef A_LOW
    SetDictInt("A_LOW",             A_LOW);
#endif
#ifdef A_RIGHT
    SetDictInt("A_RIGHT",           A_RIGHT);
#endif
#ifdef A_TOP
    SetDictInt("A_TOP",             A_TOP);
#endif
#ifdef A_VERTICAL
    SetDictInt("A_VERTICAL",        A_VERTICAL);
#endif

    SetDictInt("COLOR_BLACK",       COLOR_BLACK);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_RED",         COLOR_RED);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_GREEN",       COLOR_GREEN);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_YELLOW",      COLOR_YELLOW);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_BLUE",        COLOR_BLUE);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_MAGENTA",     COLOR_MAGENTA);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_CYAN",        COLOR_CYAN);
    SetDictInt("COLOR_WHITE",       COLOR_WHITE);

#ifdef NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION
    /* Mouse-related constants */
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_PRESSED",          BUTTON1_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_RELEASED",         BUTTON1_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_CLICKED",          BUTTON1_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_PRESSED",          BUTTON2_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_RELEASED",         BUTTON2_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_CLICKED",          BUTTON2_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_PRESSED",          BUTTON3_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_RELEASED",         BUTTON3_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_CLICKED",          BUTTON3_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_PRESSED",          BUTTON4_PRESSED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_RELEASED",         BUTTON4_RELEASED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_CLICKED",          BUTTON4_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED",   BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED);

    SetDictInt("BUTTON_SHIFT",             BUTTON_SHIFT);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON_CTRL",              BUTTON_CTRL);
    SetDictInt("BUTTON_ALT",               BUTTON_ALT);

    SetDictInt("ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS",         ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS);
    SetDictInt("REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION",    REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION);
#endif
    /* Now set everything up for KEY_ variables */
    {
        int key;
        char *key_n;
        char *key_n2;
#if !defined(__NetBSD__)
        for (key=KEY_MIN;key < KEY_MAX; key++) {
            key_n = (char *)keyname(key);
            if (key_n == NULL || strcmp(key_n,"UNKNOWN KEY")==0)
                continue;
            if (strncmp(key_n,"KEY_F(",6)==0) {
                char *p1, *p2;
                key_n2 = PyMem_Malloc(strlen(key_n)+1);
                if (!key_n2) {
                    PyErr_NoMemory();
                    break;
                }
                p1 = key_n;
                p2 = key_n2;
                while (*p1) {
                    if (*p1 != '(' && *p1 != ')') {
                        *p2 = *p1;
                        p2++;
                    }
                    p1++;
                }
                *p2 = (char)0;
            } else
                key_n2 = key_n;
            SetDictInt(key_n2,key);
            if (key_n2 != key_n)
                PyMem_Free(key_n2);
        }
#endif
        SetDictInt("KEY_MIN", KEY_MIN);
        SetDictInt("KEY_MAX", KEY_MAX);
    }
    return m;
}