diff --git a/cryptography/hazmat/backends/interfaces.py b/cryptography/hazmat/backends/interfaces.py
index 4fbb348..936520e 100644
--- a/cryptography/hazmat/backends/interfaces.py
+++ b/cryptography/hazmat/backends/interfaces.py
@@ -65,3 +65,18 @@
         """
         Create a HashContext for calculating a message authentication code.
         """
+
+
+class PBKDF2Backend(six.with_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta)):
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def pbkdf2_hash_supported(self, algorithm):
+        """
+        Return True if the hash algorithm is supported for PBKDF2 by this
+        backend.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def derive_pbkdf2(self, algorithm, length, salt, iterations, key_material):
+        """
+        Return length bytes derived from provided PBKDF2 parameters.
+        """
diff --git a/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py b/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py
index d8d4669..ca7d177 100644
--- a/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py
+++ b/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
     UnsupportedAlgorithm, InvalidTag, InternalError
 )
 from cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces import (
-    CipherBackend, HashBackend, HMACBackend
+    CipherBackend, HashBackend, HMACBackend, PBKDF2Backend
 )
-from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import interfaces
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import interfaces, hashes
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.algorithms import (
     AES, Blowfish, Camellia, TripleDES, ARC4,
 )
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 @utils.register_interface(CipherBackend)
 @utils.register_interface(HashBackend)
 @utils.register_interface(HMACBackend)
+@utils.register_interface(PBKDF2Backend)
 class Backend(object):
     """
     OpenSSL API binding interfaces.
@@ -133,6 +134,47 @@
     def create_symmetric_decryption_ctx(self, cipher, mode):
         return _CipherContext(self, cipher, mode, _CipherContext._DECRYPT)
 
+    def pbkdf2_hash_supported(self, algorithm):
+        if self._lib.Cryptography_HAS_PBKDF2_HMAC:
+            digest = self._lib.EVP_get_digestbyname(
+                algorithm.name.encode("ascii"))
+            return digest != self._ffi.NULL
+        else:
+            return isinstance(algorithm, hashes.SHA1)
+
+    def derive_pbkdf2(self, algorithm, length, salt, iterations, key_material):
+        buf = self._ffi.new("char[]", length)
+        if self._lib.Cryptography_HAS_PBKDF2_HMAC:
+            evp_md = self._lib.EVP_get_digestbyname(
+                algorithm.name.encode("ascii"))
+            assert evp_md != self._ffi.NULL
+            res = self._lib.PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC(
+                key_material,
+                len(key_material),
+                salt,
+                len(salt),
+                iterations,
+                evp_md,
+                length,
+                buf
+            )
+            assert res == 1
+        else:
+            # OpenSSL < 1.0.0
+            assert isinstance(algorithm, hashes.SHA1)
+            res = self._lib.PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(
+                key_material,
+                len(key_material),
+                salt,
+                len(salt),
+                iterations,
+                length,
+                buf
+            )
+            assert res == 1
+
+        return self._ffi.buffer(buf)[:]
+
     def _handle_error(self, mode):
         code = self._lib.ERR_get_error()
         if not code and isinstance(mode, GCM):
diff --git a/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/__init__.py b/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/__init__.py
diff --git a/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/pbkdf2.py b/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/pbkdf2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc01246
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/kdf/pbkdf2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from cryptography.exceptions import InvalidKey, UnsupportedAlgorithm
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import constant_time
+
+
+class PBKDF2(object):
+    def __init__(self, algorithm, length, salt, iterations, backend):
+        if not backend.pbkdf2_hash_supported(algorithm):
+            raise UnsupportedAlgorithm(
+                "{0} is not supported by this backend".format(algorithm.name)
+            )
+        self.algorithm = algorithm
+        if length > 2**31 - 1:
+            raise ValueError("Requested length too large.")
+        self._length = length
+        # TODO: handle salt
+        self._salt = salt
+        self.iterations = iterations
+        self._backend = backend
+
+    def derive(self, key_material):
+        return self._backend.derive_pbkdf2(
+            self.algorithm,
+            self._length,
+            self._salt,
+            self.iterations,
+            key_material
+        )
+
+    def verify(self, key_material, expected_key):
+        if not constant_time.bytes_eq(key_material, expected_key):
+            raise InvalidKey("Signature did not match digest.")
diff --git a/docs/hazmat/backends/interfaces.rst b/docs/hazmat/backends/interfaces.rst
index 11e2f2a..fa4f800 100644
--- a/docs/hazmat/backends/interfaces.rst
+++ b/docs/hazmat/backends/interfaces.rst
@@ -131,3 +131,42 @@
 
         :returns:
             :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.interfaces.HashContext`
+
+
+
+.. class:: PBKDF2Backend
+
+    A backend with methods for using PBKDF2.
+
+    .. method:: pbkdf2_hash_supported(algorithm)
+
+        Check if the specified ``algorithm`` is supported by this backend.
+
+        :param algorithm: An instance of a
+            :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.interfaces.HashAlgorithm`
+            provider.
+
+        :returns: ``True`` if the specified ``algorithm`` is supported for
+            PBKDF2 by this backend, otherwise ``False``.
+
+    .. method:: derive_pbkdf2(self, algorithm, length, salt, iterations,
+                              key_material)
+
+        :param algorithm: An instance of a
+            :class:`~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.interfaces.HashAlgorithm`
+            provider.
+
+        :param int length: The desired length of the derived key. Maximum is
+        2\ :sup:`31` - 1.
+
+        :param bytes salt: A salt. `RFC 2898`_ recommends 64-bits or longer.
+
+        :param int iterations: The number of iterations to perform of the hash
+            function.
+
+        :param bytes key_material: The key material to use as a basis for
+            the derived key. This is typically a password.
+
+        :return bytes: Derived key.
+
+.. _`RFC 2898`: https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt
diff --git a/pytest.ini b/pytest.ini
index 36d4edc..89fda53 100644
--- a/pytest.ini
+++ b/pytest.ini
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 [pytest]
 addopts = -r s
 markers =
-    hmac: this test requires a backend providing HMACBackend
     cipher: this test requires a backend providing CipherBackend
     hash: this test requires a backend providing HashBackend
+    hmac: this test requires a backend providing HMACBackend
+    pbkdf2: this test requires a backend providing PBKDF2Backend
     supported: parametrized test requiring only_if and skip_message
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index a9acb54..7370294 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from cryptography.hazmat.backends import _ALL_BACKENDS
 from cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces import (
-    HMACBackend, CipherBackend, HashBackend
+    HMACBackend, CipherBackend, HashBackend, PBKDF2Backend
 )
 
 from .utils import check_for_iface, check_backend_support, select_backends
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
     check_for_iface("hmac", HMACBackend, item)
     check_for_iface("cipher", CipherBackend, item)
     check_for_iface("hash", HashBackend, item)
+    check_for_iface("pbkdf2", PBKDF2Backend, item)
     check_backend_support(item)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pbkdf2_vectors.py b/tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pbkdf2_vectors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6e3935
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pbkdf2_vectors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import pytest
+
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
+
+from .utils import generate_pbkdf2_test
+from ...utils import load_nist_vectors
+
+
+@pytest.mark.supported(
+    only_if=lambda backend: backend.pbkdf2_hash_supported(hashes.SHA1()),
+    skip_message="Does not support SHA1 for PBKDF2",
+)
+@pytest.mark.pbkdf2
+class TestPBKDF2_SHA1(object):
+    test_pbkdf2_sha1 = generate_pbkdf2_test(
+        load_nist_vectors,
+        "KDF",
+        [
+            "rfc-6070-PBKDF2-SHA1.txt",
+        ],
+        hashes.SHA1(),
+    )
diff --git a/tests/hazmat/primitives/utils.py b/tests/hazmat/primitives/utils.py
index f27afe4..3a1d6d8 100644
--- a/tests/hazmat/primitives/utils.py
+++ b/tests/hazmat/primitives/utils.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes, hmac
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.kdf.pbkdf2 import PBKDF2
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import Cipher
 from cryptography.exceptions import (
     AlreadyFinalized, NotYetFinalized, AlreadyUpdated, InvalidTag,
@@ -211,6 +212,30 @@
     assert h.finalize() == binascii.unhexlify(md.encode("ascii"))
 
 
+def generate_pbkdf2_test(param_loader, path, file_names, algorithm):
+    all_params = _load_all_params(path, file_names, param_loader)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("params", all_params)
+    def test_pbkdf2(self, backend, params):
+        pbkdf2_test(backend, algorithm, params)
+    return test_pbkdf2
+
+
+def pbkdf2_test(backend, algorithm, params):
+    # Password and salt can contain \0, which should be loaded as a null char.
+    # The NIST loader loads them as literal strings so we replace with the
+    # proper value.
+    kdf = PBKDF2(
+        algorithm,
+        int(params["length"]),
+        params["salt"],
+        int(params["iterations"]),
+        backend
+    )
+    derived_key = kdf.derive(params["password"])
+    assert binascii.hexlify(derived_key) == params["derived_key"]
+
+
 def generate_aead_exception_test(cipher_factory, mode_factory):
     def test_aead_exception(self, backend):
         aead_exception_test(backend, cipher_factory, mode_factory)
diff --git a/tests/utils.py b/tests/utils.py
index 507bc42..5c0e524 100644
--- a/tests/utils.py
+++ b/tests/utils.py
@@ -89,6 +89,10 @@
         # Build our data using a simple Key = Value format
         name, value = [c.strip() for c in line.split("=")]
 
+        # Some tests (PBKDF2) contain \0, which should be interpreted as a
+        # null character rather than literal.
+        value = value.replace("\\0", "\0")
+
         # COUNT is a special token that indicates a new block of data
         if name.upper() == "COUNT":
             test_data = {}