diff --git a/src/cryptography/x509/name.py b/src/cryptography/x509/name.py
index 277128f..108b60c 100644
--- a/src/cryptography/x509/name.py
+++ b/src/cryptography/x509/name.py
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
                 "Country name must be a 2 character country code"
             )
 
+        if len(value) == 0:
+            raise ValueError("Value cannot be an empty string")
+
         self._oid = oid
         self._value = value
 
diff --git a/tests/test_x509.py b/tests/test_x509.py
index 8410881..7a99ff3 100644
--- a/tests/test_x509.py
+++ b/tests/test_x509.py
@@ -3624,6 +3624,10 @@
                 u'\U0001F37A\U0001F37A'
             )
 
+    def test_init_empty_value(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.ORGANIZATION_NAME, u'')
+
     def test_eq(self):
         assert x509.NameAttribute(
             x509.ObjectIdentifier('2.999.1'), u'value'