diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index e021d65..d665373 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 tests:
-	-cd python2 && python2.4 httplib2test.py
+	cd python2 && python2.4 httplib2test.py
 	-cd python2 && python2.5 httplib2test.py
-	-cd python2 && python2.6 httplib2test.py
-	-cd python3 && python3.1 httplib2test.py
-	-cd python3 && python3.2 httplib2test.py
+	cd python2 && python2.6 httplib2test.py
+	cd python3 && python3.2 httplib2test.py
 
 VERSION = $(shell python setup.py --version)
 DST = dist/httplib2-$(VERSION)
diff --git a/python2/httplib2/__init__.py b/python2/httplib2/__init__.py
index f3801b7..1c27e00 100644
--- a/python2/httplib2/__init__.py
+++ b/python2/httplib2/__init__.py
@@ -62,9 +62,27 @@
 # Build the appropriate socket wrapper for ssl
 try:
     import ssl # python 2.6
-    _ssl_wrap_socket = ssl.wrap_socket
+    ssl_SSLError = ssl.SSLError
+    def _ssl_wrap_socket(sock, key_file, cert_file,
+                         disable_validation, ca_certs):
+        if disable_validation:
+            cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_NONE
+        else:
+            cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+        # We should be specifying SSL version 3 or TLS v1, but the ssl module
+        # doesn't expose the necessary knobs. So we need to go with the default
+        # of SSLv23.
+        return ssl.wrap_socket(sock, keyfile=key_file, certfile=cert_file,
+                               cert_reqs=cert_reqs, ca_certs=ca_certs)
 except (AttributeError, ImportError):
-    def _ssl_wrap_socket(sock, key_file, cert_file):
+    ssl_SSLError = None
+    def _ssl_wrap_socket(sock, key_file, cert_file,
+                         disable_validation, ca_certs):
+        if not disable_validation:
+            raise CertificateValidationUnsupported(
+                    "SSL certificate validation is not supported without "
+                    "the ssl module installed. To avoid this error, install "
+                    "the ssl module, or explicity disable validation.")
         ssl_sock = socket.ssl(sock, key_file, cert_file)
         return httplib.FakeSocket(sock, ssl_sock)
 
@@ -127,6 +145,13 @@
 class RelativeURIError(HttpLib2Error): pass
 class ServerNotFoundError(HttpLib2Error): pass
 class ProxiesUnavailableError(HttpLib2Error): pass
+class CertificateValidationUnsupported(HttpLib2Error): pass
+class SSLHandshakeError(HttpLib2Error): pass
+class CertificateHostnameMismatch(SSLHandshakeError):
+  def __init__(self, desc, host, cert):
+    HttpLib2Error.__init__(self, desc)
+    self.host = host
+    self.cert = cert
 
 # Open Items:
 # -----------
@@ -150,6 +175,10 @@
 # requesting that URI again.
 DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS = 5
 
+# Default CA certificates file bundled with httplib2.
+CA_CERTS = os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__ )), "cacerts.txt")
+
 # Which headers are hop-by-hop headers by default
 HOP_BY_HOP = ['connection', 'keep-alive', 'proxy-authenticate', 'proxy-authorization', 'te', 'trailers', 'transfer-encoding', 'upgrade']
 
@@ -776,11 +805,68 @@
     http://docs.python.org/library/socket.html#socket.setdefaulttimeout
     """
     def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
-                 strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None):
+                 strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None,
+                 ca_certs=None, disable_ssl_certificate_validation=False):
         httplib.HTTPSConnection.__init__(self, host, port=port, key_file=key_file,
                 cert_file=cert_file, strict=strict)
         self.timeout = timeout
         self.proxy_info = proxy_info
+        if ca_certs is None:
+          ca_certs = CA_CERTS
+        self.ca_certs = ca_certs
+        self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation = \
+                disable_ssl_certificate_validation
+
+    # The following two methods were adapted from https_wrapper.py, released
+    # with the Google Appengine SDK at
+    # http://googleappengine.googlecode.com/svn-history/r136/trunk/python/google/appengine/tools/https_wrapper.py
+    # under the following license:
+    #
+    # Copyright 2007 Google Inc.
+    #
+    # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+    # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+    # You may obtain a copy of the License at
+    #
+    #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+    #
+    # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+    # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+    # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+    # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+    # limitations under the License.
+    #
+
+    def _GetValidHostsForCert(self, cert):
+        """Returns a list of valid host globs for an SSL certificate.
+
+        Args:
+          cert: A dictionary representing an SSL certificate.
+        Returns:
+          list: A list of valid host globs.
+        """
+        if 'subjectAltName' in cert:
+            return [x[1] for x in cert['subjectAltName']
+                    if x[0].lower() == 'dns']
+        else:
+            return [x[0][1] for x in cert['subject']
+                    if x[0][0].lower() == 'commonname']
+
+    def _ValidateCertificateHostname(self, cert, hostname):
+        """Validates that a given hostname is valid for an SSL certificate.
+
+        Args:
+          cert: A dictionary representing an SSL certificate.
+          hostname: The hostname to test.
+        Returns:
+          bool: Whether or not the hostname is valid for this certificate.
+        """
+        hosts = self._GetValidHostsForCert(cert)
+        for host in hosts:
+            host_re = host.replace('.', '\.').replace('*', '[^.]*')
+            if re.search('^%s$' % (host_re,), hostname, re.I):
+                return True
+            return False
 
     def connect(self):
         "Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port."
@@ -799,9 +885,32 @@
                 if has_timeout(self.timeout):
                     sock.settimeout(self.timeout)
                 sock.connect((self.host, self.port))
-                self.sock =_ssl_wrap_socket(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file)
+                self.sock =_ssl_wrap_socket(
+                    sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file,
+                    self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation, self.ca_certs)
                 if self.debuglevel > 0:
                     print "connect: (%s, %s)" % (self.host, self.port)
+                if not self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation:
+                    cert = self.sock.getpeercert()
+                    hostname = self.host.split(':', 0)[0]
+                    if not self._ValidateCertificateHostname(cert, hostname):
+                        raise CertificateHostnameMismatch(
+                            'Server presented certificate that does not match '
+                            'host %s: %s' % (hostname, cert), hostname, cert)
+            except ssl_SSLError, e:
+                if sock:
+                    sock.close()
+                if self.sock:
+                    self.sock.close()
+                self.sock = None
+                # Unfortunately the ssl module doesn't seem to provide any way
+                # to get at more detailed error information, in particular
+                # whether the error is due to certificate validation or
+                # something else (such as SSL protocol mismatch).
+                if e.errno == ssl.SSL_ERROR_SSL:
+                    raise SSLHandshakeError(e)
+                else:
+                    raise
             except socket.error, msg:
               if self.debuglevel > 0:
                   print 'connect fail:', (self.host, self.port)
@@ -824,7 +933,6 @@
   from google.appengine.api.urlfetch import InvalidURLError
   from google.appengine.api.urlfetch import DownloadError
   from google.appengine.api.urlfetch import ResponseTooLargeError
-  import logging
 
 
   class ResponseDict(dict):
@@ -841,14 +949,16 @@
     just another wrapper around urlfetch.
     """
     def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
-                 strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None):
+                 strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None, ca_certs=None,
+                 disable_certificate_validation=False):
       self.host = host
       self.port = port
       self.timeout = timeout
-      if key_file or cert_file or proxy_info:
+      if key_file or cert_file or proxy_info or ca_certs:
         raise NotSupportedOnThisPlatform()
       self.response = None
       self.scheme = 'http'
+      self.validate_certificate = not disable_certificate_validation
 
     def request(self, method, url, body, headers):
       # Calculate the absolute URI, which fetch requires
@@ -857,9 +967,10 @@
         netloc = '%s:%s' % (self.host, self.port)
       absolute_uri = '%s://%s%s' % (self.scheme, netloc, url)
       try:
-        response = fetch(absolute_uri, payload=body, method=method, headers=headers,
-            allow_truncated=False, follow_redirects=False,
-            deadline=self.timeout, validate_certificate=True)
+        response = fetch(absolute_uri, payload=body, method=method,
+            headers=headers, allow_truncated=False, follow_redirects=False,
+            deadline=self.timeout,
+            validate_certificate=self.validate_certificate)
         self.response = ResponseDict(response.headers)
         self.response['status'] = response.status_code
         setattr(self.response, 'read', lambda : response.content)
@@ -914,7 +1025,8 @@
 
 and more.
     """
-    def __init__(self, cache=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None):
+    def __init__(self, cache=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None,
+                 ca_certs=None, disable_ssl_certificate_validation=False):
         """
         The value of proxy_info is a ProxyInfo instance.
 
@@ -926,8 +1038,19 @@
         then Python's default timeout for sockets will be used. See
         for example the docs of socket.setdefaulttimeout():
         http://docs.python.org/library/socket.html#socket.setdefaulttimeout
+
+        ca_certs is the path of a file containing root CA certificates for SSL
+        server certificate validation.  By default, a CA cert file bundled with
+        httplib2 is used.
+
+        If disable_ssl_certificate_validation is true, SSL cert validation will
+        not be performed.
         """
         self.proxy_info = proxy_info
+        self.ca_certs = ca_certs
+        self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation = \
+                disable_ssl_certificate_validation
+
         # Map domain name to an httplib connection
         self.connections = {}
         # The location of the cache, for now a directory
@@ -992,12 +1115,17 @@
     def _conn_request(self, conn, request_uri, method, body, headers):
         for i in range(2):
             try:
+                if conn.sock is None:
+                  conn.connect()
                 conn.request(method, request_uri, body, headers)
             except socket.timeout:
                 raise
             except socket.gaierror:
                 conn.close()
                 raise ServerNotFoundError("Unable to find the server at %s" % conn.host)
+            except ssl_SSLError:
+                conn.close()
+                raise
             except socket.error, e:
                 err = 0
                 if hasattr(e, 'args'):
@@ -1165,11 +1293,26 @@
                 if not connection_type:
                   connection_type = SCHEME_TO_CONNECTION[scheme]
                 certs = list(self.certificates.iter(authority))
-                if scheme == 'https' and certs:
-                    conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(authority, key_file=certs[0][0],
-                        cert_file=certs[0][1], timeout=self.timeout, proxy_info=self.proxy_info)
+                if issubclass(connection_type, HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout):
+                    if certs:
+                        conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(
+                                authority, key_file=certs[0][0],
+                                cert_file=certs[0][1], timeout=self.timeout,
+                                proxy_info=self.proxy_info,
+                                ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+                                disable_ssl_certificate_validation=
+                                        self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation)
+                    else:
+                        conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(
+                                authority, timeout=self.timeout,
+                                proxy_info=self.proxy_info,
+                                ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+                                disable_ssl_certificate_validation=
+                                        self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation)
                 else:
-                    conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(authority, timeout=self.timeout, proxy_info=self.proxy_info)
+                    conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(
+                            authority, timeout=self.timeout,
+                            proxy_info=self.proxy_info)
                 conn.set_debuglevel(debuglevel)
 
             if 'range' not in headers and 'accept-encoding' not in headers:
diff --git a/python2/httplib2/cacerts.txt b/python2/httplib2/cacerts.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e65f21d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python2/httplib2/cacerts.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+# Certifcate Authority certificates for validating SSL connections.
+#
+# This file contains PEM format certificates generated from
+# http://mxr.mozilla.org/seamonkey/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt
+#
+# ***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
+# Version: MPL 1.1/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1
+#
+# The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version
+# 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+#
+# Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
+# for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the
+# License.
+#
+# The Original Code is the Netscape security libraries.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1994-2000
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#
+# Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+# either the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the "GPL"), or
+# the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 or later (the "LGPL"),
+# in which case the provisions of the GPL or the LGPL are applicable instead
+# of those above. If you wish to allow use of your version of this file only
+# under the terms of either the GPL or the LGPL, and not to allow others to
+# use your version of this file under the terms of the MPL, indicate your
+# decision by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+# and other provisions required by the GPL or the LGPL. If you do not delete
+# the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+# the terms of any one of the MPL, the GPL or the LGPL.
+#
+# ***** END LICENSE BLOCK *****
+
+Verisign/RSA Secure Server CA
+=============================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIICNDCCAaECEAKtZn5ORf5eV288mBle3cAwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQECBQAwXzELMAkG
+A1UEBhMCVVMxIDAeBgNVBAoTF1JTQSBEYXRhIFNlY3VyaXR5LCBJbmMuMS4wLAYD
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+1/p3yjkWWW8O6tO1g39NTUJWdrTJXwT4OPjr0l91X817/OWOgHz8UA==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+Thawte Personal Basic CA
+========================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDITCCAoqgAwIBAgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFADCByzELMAkGA1UEBhMCWkEx
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+9DkVWlIBe94y1k049hJcBlDfBVu9FEuh3ym6O0GN92NWod8isQ==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+Thawte Personal Premium CA
+==========================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDKTCCApKgAwIBAgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFADCBzzELMAkGA1UEBhMCWkEx
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+Thawte Personal Freemail CA
+===========================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDLTCCApagAwIBAgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFADCB0TELMAkGA1UEBhMCWkEx
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+Thawte Server CA
+================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDEzCCAnygAwIBAgIBATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFADCBxDELMAkGA1UEBhMCWkEx
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+xPcW6cTYcvnIc3zfFi8VqT79aie2oetaupgf1eNNZAqdE8hhuvU5HIe6uL17In/2
+/qxAeeWsEG89jxt5dovEN7MhGITlNgDrYyCZuen+MwS7QcjBAvlEYyCegc5C09Y/
+LHbTY5xZ3Y+m4Q6gLkH3LpVHz7z9M/P2C2F+fpErgUfCJzDupxBdN49cOSvkBPB7
+jVaMaA==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
+============================================================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+
+Entrust.net Secure Server Certification Authority
+=================================================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/python2/httplib2/test/other_cacerts.txt b/python2/httplib2/test/other_cacerts.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..360954a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python2/httplib2/test/other_cacerts.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+# Certifcate Authority certificates for validating SSL connections.
+#
+# This file contains PEM format certificates generated from
+# http://mxr.mozilla.org/seamonkey/source/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt
+#
+# ***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
+# Version: MPL 1.1/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1
+#
+# The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version
+# 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+#
+# Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
+# for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the
+# License.
+#
+# The Original Code is the Netscape security libraries.
+#
+# The Initial Developer of the Original Code is
+# Netscape Communications Corporation.
+# Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 1994-2000
+# the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Contributor(s):
+#
+# Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+# either the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the "GPL"), or
+# the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 or later (the "LGPL"),
+# in which case the provisions of the GPL or the LGPL are applicable instead
+# of those above. If you wish to allow use of your version of this file only
+# under the terms of either the GPL or the LGPL, and not to allow others to
+# use your version of this file under the terms of the MPL, indicate your
+# decision by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+# and other provisions required by the GPL or the LGPL. If you do not delete
+# the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+# the terms of any one of the MPL, the GPL or the LGPL.
+#
+# ***** END LICENSE BLOCK *****
+
+
+Comodo CA Limited, CN=Trusted Certificate Services
+==================================================
+
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/python2/httplib2test.py b/python2/httplib2test.py
index e505150..9a9e792 100755
--- a/python2/httplib2test.py
+++ b/python2/httplib2test.py
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
 import unittest
 import urlparse
 
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    pass
 
 # Python 2.3 support
 if not hasattr(unittest.TestCase, 'assertTrue'):
@@ -121,6 +125,7 @@
         self.port = port
         self.timeout = timeout
         self.log = ""
+        self.sock = None
 
     def set_debuglevel(self, level):
         pass
@@ -143,7 +148,14 @@
     def setUp(self):
         if os.path.exists(cacheDirName): 
             [os.remove(os.path.join(cacheDirName, file)) for file in os.listdir(cacheDirName)]
-        self.http = httplib2.Http(cacheDirName)
+
+        if sys.version_info < (2, 6):
+            disable_cert_validation = True
+        else:
+            disable_cert_validation = False
+        self.http = httplib2.Http(
+                cacheDirName,
+                disable_ssl_certificate_validation=disable_cert_validation)
         self.http.clear_credentials()
 
     def testIPv6NoSSL(self):
@@ -439,7 +451,7 @@
 
     def testGetViaHttps(self):
         # Test that we can handle HTTPS
-        (response, content) = self.http.request("https://google.com/adsense/", "GET")
+        (response, content) = self.http.request("https://www.google.com/adsense/", "GET")
         self.assertEqual(200, response.status)
 
     def testGetViaHttpsSpecViolationOnLocation(self):
@@ -447,17 +459,54 @@
         # even if they violate the spec by including
         # a relative Location: header instead of an 
         # absolute one.
-        (response, content) = self.http.request("https://google.com/adsense", "GET")
+        (response, content) = self.http.request("https://www.google.com/adsense", "GET")
         self.assertEqual(200, response.status)
         self.assertNotEqual(None, response.previous)
 
+    def testSslCertValidation(self):
+        if sys.version_info >= (2, 6):
+            # Test that we get an ssl.SSLError when specifying a non-existent CA
+            # certs file.
+            http = httplib2.Http(ca_certs='/nosuchfile')
+            self.assertRaises(ssl.SSLError,
+                    http.request, "https://www.google.com/", "GET")
+
+            # Test that we get a SSLHandshakeError if we try to access
+            # https;//www.google.com, using a CA cert file that doesn't contain
+            # the CA Gogole uses (i.e., simulating a cert that's not signed by a
+            # trusted CA).
+            other_ca_certs = os.path.join(
+                    os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(httplib2.__file__ )),
+                    "test", "other_cacerts.txt")
+            http = httplib2.Http(ca_certs=other_ca_certs)
+            self.assertRaises(httplib2.SSLHandshakeError,
+                    http.request, "https://www.google.com/", "GET")
+
+    def testSslHostnameValidation(self):
+        if sys.version_info >= (2, 6):
+            # The SSL server at google.com:443 returns a certificate for
+            # 'www.google.com', which results in a host name mismatch.
+            # Note that this test only works because the ssl module and httplib2
+            # do not support SNI; for requests specifying a server name of
+            # 'google.com' via SNI, a matching cert would be returned.
+            self.assertRaises(httplib2.CertificateHostnameMismatch,
+                    self.http.request, "https://google.com/", "GET")
+
+    def testSslCertValidationWithoutSslModuleFails(self):
+        if sys.version_info < (2, 6):
+            http = httplib2.Http(disable_ssl_certificate_validation=False)
+            self.assertRaises(httplib2.CertificateValidationUnsupported,
+                    http.request, "https://www.google.com/", "GET")
 
     def testGetViaHttpsKeyCert(self):
         #  At this point I can only test
         #  that the key and cert files are passed in 
         #  correctly to httplib. It would be nice to have 
         #  a real https endpoint to test against.
-        http = httplib2.Http(timeout=2)
+
+        # bitworking.org presents an certificate for a non-matching host
+        # (*.webfaction.com), so we need to disable cert checking for this test.
+        http = httplib2.Http(timeout=2, disable_ssl_certificate_validation=True)
 
         http.add_certificate("akeyfile", "acertfile", "bitworking.org")
         try:
diff --git a/python3/httplib2/__init__.py b/python3/httplib2/__init__.py
index 90ec4d9..af2c3ee 100644
--- a/python3/httplib2/__init__.py
+++ b/python3/httplib2/__init__.py
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@
 class MalformedHeader(HttpLib2Error): pass
 class RelativeURIError(HttpLib2Error): pass
 class ServerNotFoundError(HttpLib2Error): pass
+class CertificateValidationUnsupportedInPython31(HttpLib2Error): pass
 
 # Open Items:
 # -----------
@@ -118,6 +119,10 @@
 # Which headers are hop-by-hop headers by default
 HOP_BY_HOP = ['connection', 'keep-alive', 'proxy-authenticate', 'proxy-authorization', 'te', 'trailers', 'transfer-encoding', 'upgrade']
 
+# Default CA certificates file bundled with httplib2.
+CA_CERTS = os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__ )), "cacerts.txt")
+
 def _get_end2end_headers(response):
     hopbyhop = list(HOP_BY_HOP)
     hopbyhop.extend([x.strip() for x in response.get('connection', '').split(',')])
@@ -219,10 +224,10 @@
           while authenticate:
               # Break off the scheme at the beginning of the line
               if headername == 'authentication-info':
-                  (auth_scheme, the_rest) = ('digest', authenticate)                
+                  (auth_scheme, the_rest) = ('digest', authenticate)
               else:
                   (auth_scheme, the_rest) = authenticate.split(" ", 1)
-              # Now loop over all the key value pairs that come after the scheme, 
+              # Now loop over all the key value pairs that come after the scheme,
               # being careful not to roll into the next scheme
               match = www_auth.search(the_rest)
               auth_params = {}
@@ -712,43 +717,11 @@
     http://docs.python.org/library/socket.html#socket.setdefaulttimeout
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, host, port=None, strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None):
-        http.client.HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port, strict, timeout)
+    def __init__(self, host, port=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None):
+        http.client.HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port=port,
+                                            timeout=timeout)
         self.proxy_info = proxy_info
 
-    def connect(self):
-        """Connect to the host and port specified in __init__."""
-        self.sock = socket.create_connection((self.host,self.port),
-                                             self.timeout)
-        # Mostly verbatim from httplib.py.
-        msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
-        for res in socket.getaddrinfo(self.host, self.port, 0,
-                socket.SOCK_STREAM):
-            af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
-            try:
-                if self.proxy_info and self.proxy_info.isgood():
-                    self.sock = socks.socksocket(af, socktype, proto)
-                    self.sock.setproxy(*self.proxy_info.astuple())
-                else:
-                    self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
-                    self.sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
-                # Different from httplib: support timeouts.
-                if has_timeout(self.timeout):
-                    self.sock.settimeout(self.timeout)
-                    # End of difference from httplib.
-                if self.debuglevel > 0:
-                    print("connect: (%s, %s)" % (self.host, self.port))
-                self.sock.connect(sa)
-            except socket.error as msg:
-                if self.debuglevel > 0:
-                    print('connect fail:', (self.host, self.port))
-                if self.sock:
-                    self.sock.close()
-                self.sock = None
-                continue
-            break
-        if not self.sock:
-            raise socket.error(msg)
 
 class HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout(http.client.HTTPSConnection):
     """
@@ -761,43 +734,25 @@
     """
 
     def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
-                 strict=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None):
+                 timeout=None, proxy_info=None,
+                 ca_certs=None, disable_ssl_certificate_validation=False):
         self.proxy_info = proxy_info
+        context = None
+        if ca_certs is None:
+          ca_certs = CA_CERTS
+        if (cert_file or ca_certs) and not disable_ssl_certificate_validation:
+          if not hasattr(ssl, 'SSLContext'):
+            raise CertificateValidationUnsupportedInPython31()
+          context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1)
+          context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+          if cert_file:
+            context.load_cert_chain(cert_file, key_file)
+          if ca_certs:
+            context.load_verify_locations(ca_certs)
         http.client.HTTPSConnection.__init__(self, host, port=port, key_file=key_file,
-                cert_file=cert_file, strict=strict, timeout=timeout)
+                cert_file=cert_file, timeout=timeout, context=context,
+                                             check_hostname=True)
 
-    def connect(self):
-        "Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port."
-
-        msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
-        self.sock = None
-        for family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr in socket.getaddrinfo(
-            self.host, self.port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
-            try:
-              if self.proxy_info and self.proxy_info.isgood():
-                  sock = socks.socksocket(family, socktype, proto)
-                  sock.setproxy(*self.proxy_info.astuple())
-              else:
-                  sock = socket.socket(family, socktype, proto)
-                  sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
-
-              if has_timeout(self.timeout):
-                  sock.settimeout(self.timeout)
-              sock.connect((self.host, self.port))
-              self.sock =_ssl_wrap_socket(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file)
-              if self.debuglevel > 0:
-                  print("connect: (%s, %s)" % (self.host, self.port))
-            except socket.error as err:
-              if self.debuglevel > 0:
-                  print('connect fail:', (self.host, self.port))
-              if self.sock:
-                  self.sock.close()
-              self.sock = None
-              msg = err
-              continue
-            break
-        if self.sock is None:
-          raise socket.error(msg)
 
 
 class Http(object):
@@ -813,13 +768,17 @@
 
 and more.
     """
-    def __init__(self, cache=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None):
+    def __init__(self, cache=None, timeout=None, proxy_info=None,
+        ca_certs=None, disable_ssl_certificate_validation=False):
         """The value of proxy_info is a ProxyInfo instance.
 
 If 'cache' is a string then it is used as a directory name
 for a disk cache. Otherwise it must be an object that supports
 the same interface as FileCache."""
         self.proxy_info = proxy_info
+        self.ca_certs = ca_certs
+        self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation = \
+                disable_ssl_certificate_validation
         # Map domain name to an httplib connection
         self.connections = {}
         # The location of the cache, for now a directory
@@ -884,8 +843,11 @@
     def _conn_request(self, conn, request_uri, method, body, headers):
         for i in range(2):
             try:
+                if conn.sock is None:
+                  conn.connect()
                 conn.request(method, request_uri, body, headers)
             except socket.timeout:
+                conn.close()
                 raise
             except socket.gaierror:
                 conn.close()
@@ -913,6 +875,7 @@
             try:
                 response = conn.getresponse()
             except (socket.error, http.client.HTTPException):
+                conn.close()
                 if i == 0:
                     conn.close()
                     conn.connect()
@@ -1054,11 +1017,26 @@
                 if not connection_type:
                     connection_type = (scheme == 'https') and HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout or HTTPConnectionWithTimeout
                 certs = list(self.certificates.iter(authority))
-                if scheme == 'https' and certs:
-                    conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(authority, key_file=certs[0][0],
-                        cert_file=certs[0][1], timeout=self.timeout, proxy_info=self.proxy_info)
+                if issubclass(connection_type, HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout):
+                    if certs:
+                        conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(
+                                authority, key_file=certs[0][0],
+                                cert_file=certs[0][1], timeout=self.timeout,
+                                proxy_info=self.proxy_info,
+                                ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+                                disable_ssl_certificate_validation=
+                                        self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation)
+                    else:
+                        conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(
+                                authority, timeout=self.timeout,
+                                proxy_info=self.proxy_info,
+                                ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
+                                disable_ssl_certificate_validation=
+                                        self.disable_ssl_certificate_validation)
                 else:
-                    conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(authority, timeout=self.timeout, proxy_info=self.proxy_info)
+                    conn = self.connections[conn_key] = connection_type(
+                            authority, timeout=self.timeout,
+                            proxy_info=self.proxy_info)
                 conn.set_debuglevel(debuglevel)
 
             if 'range' not in headers and 'accept-encoding' not in headers:
diff --git a/python3/httplib2test.py b/python3/httplib2test.py
index 4ef3a78..40e087c 100755
--- a/python3/httplib2test.py
+++ b/python3/httplib2test.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import io
 import os
 import socket
+import ssl
 import sys
 import time
 import unittest
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@
         self.port = port
         self.timeout = timeout
         self.log = ""
+        self.sock = None
 
     def set_debuglevel(self, level):
         pass
@@ -473,8 +475,26 @@
           # Skip on 3.2
           pass
 
+    def testSslCertValidation(self):
+          # Test that we get an ssl.SSLError when specifying a non-existent CA
+          # certs file.
+          http = httplib2.Http(ca_certs='/nosuchfile')
+          self.assertRaises(IOError,
+                  http.request, "https://www.google.com/", "GET")
 
+          # Test that we get a SSLHandshakeError if we try to access
+          # https://www.google.com, using a CA cert file that doesn't contain
+          # the CA Gogole uses (i.e., simulating a cert that's not signed by a
+          # trusted CA).
+          other_ca_certs = os.path.join(
+                  os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(httplib2.__file__ )),
+                  "test", "other_cacerts.txt")
+          http = httplib2.Http(ca_certs=other_ca_certs)
+          self.assertRaises(ssl.SSLError,
+            http.request,"https://www.google.com/", "GET")
 
+    def testSniHostnameValidation(self):
+        self.http.request("https://google.com/", method="GET")
 
     def testGet303(self):
         # Do a follow-up GET on a Location: header
@@ -736,20 +756,6 @@
         self.assertEqual(response.status, 500)
         self.assertTrue(response.reason.startswith("Content purported"))
 
-    def testTimeout(self):
-        self.http.force_exception_to_status_code = True 
-        uri = urllib.parse.urljoin(base, "timeout/timeout.cgi")
-        try:
-            import socket
-            socket.setdefaulttimeout(1) 
-        except:
-            # Don't run the test if we can't set the timeout
-            return 
-        (response, content) = self.http.request(uri)
-        self.assertEqual(response.status, 408)
-        self.assertTrue(response.reason.startswith("Request Timeout"))
-        self.assertTrue(content.startswith(b"Request Timeout"))
-
     def testIndividualTimeout(self):
         uri = urllib.parse.urljoin(base, "timeout/timeout.cgi")
         http = httplib2.Http(timeout=1)
@@ -1469,11 +1475,11 @@
         # Degenerate case of no headers
         response = {}
         end2end = httplib2._get_end2end_headers(response)
-        self.assertEquals(0, len(end2end))
+        self.assertEqual(0, len(end2end))
 
         # Degenerate case of connection referrring to a header not passed in 
         response = {'connection': 'content-type'}
         end2end = httplib2._get_end2end_headers(response)
-        self.assertEquals(0, len(end2end))
+        self.assertEqual(0, len(end2end))
 
 unittest.main()