Update all remaining tests to new test styles

This udpates all the remaining tests to the new test suite code and
comment styles started in #898.  For the most part, the test coverage
here is unchanged, with a few minor exceptions as noted below.

- test_constants_and_functions: this adds more overload tests with
  overloads with different number of arguments for more comprehensive
  overload_cast testing.  The test style conversion broke the overload
  tests under MSVC 2015, prompting the additional tests while looking
  for a workaround.

- test_eigen: this dropped the unused functions `get_cm_corners` and
  `get_cm_corners_const`--these same tests were duplicates of the same
  things provided (and used) via ReturnTester methods.

- test_opaque_types: this test had a hidden dependence on ExampleMandA
  which is now fixed by using the global UserType which suffices for the
  relevant test.

- test_methods_and_attributes: this required some additions to UserType
  to make it usable as a replacement for the test's previous SimpleType:
  UserType gained a value mutator, and the `value` property is not
  mutable (it was previously readonly).  Some overload tests were also
  added to better test overload_cast (as described above).

- test_numpy_array: removed the untemplated mutate_data/mutate_data_t:
  the templated versions with an empty parameter pack expand to the same
  thing.

- test_stl: this was already mostly in the new style; this just tweaks
  things a bit, localizing a class, and adding some missing
  `// test_whatever` comments.

- test_virtual_functions: like `test_stl`, this was mostly in the new
  test style already, but needed some `// test_whatever` comments.
  This commit also moves the inherited virtual example code to the end
  of the file, after the main set of tests (since it is less important
  than the other tests, and rather length); it also got renamed to
  `test_inherited_virtuals` (from `test_inheriting_repeat`) because it
  tests both inherited virtual approaches, not just the repeat approach.
diff --git a/tests/test_chrono.cpp b/tests/test_chrono.cpp
index fcc1b61..195a93b 100644
--- a/tests/test_chrono.cpp
+++ b/tests/test_chrono.cpp
@@ -8,58 +8,40 @@
     BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 */
 
-
 #include "pybind11_tests.h"
-#include "constructor_stats.h"
 #include <pybind11/chrono.h>
 
-// Return the current time off the wall clock
-std::chrono::system_clock::time_point test_chrono1() {
-    return std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-}
+TEST_SUBMODULE(chrono, m) {
+    using system_time = std::chrono::system_clock::time_point;
+    using steady_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point;
+    // test_chrono_system_clock
+    // Return the current time off the wall clock
+    m.def("test_chrono1", []() { return std::chrono::system_clock::now(); });
 
-// Round trip the passed in system clock time
-std::chrono::system_clock::time_point test_chrono2(std::chrono::system_clock::time_point t) {
-    return t;
-}
+    // test_chrono_system_clock_roundtrip
+    // Round trip the passed in system clock time
+    m.def("test_chrono2", [](system_time t) { return t; });
 
-// Round trip the passed in duration
-std::chrono::system_clock::duration test_chrono3(std::chrono::system_clock::duration d) {
-    return d;
-}
+    // test_chrono_duration_roundtrip
+    // Round trip the passed in duration
+    m.def("test_chrono3", [](std::chrono::system_clock::duration d) { return d; });
 
-// Difference between two passed in time_points
-std::chrono::system_clock::duration test_chrono4(std::chrono::system_clock::time_point a, std::chrono::system_clock::time_point b) {
-    return a - b;
-}
+    // test_chrono_duration_subtraction_equivalence
+    // Difference between two passed in time_points
+    m.def("test_chrono4", [](system_time a, system_time b) { return a - b; });
 
-// Return the current time off the steady_clock
-std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point test_chrono5() {
-    return std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-}
+    // test_chrono_steady_clock
+    // Return the current time off the steady_clock
+    m.def("test_chrono5", []() { return std::chrono::steady_clock::now(); });
 
-// Round trip a steady clock timepoint
-std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point test_chrono6(std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point t) {
-    return t;
-}
+    // test_chrono_steady_clock_roundtrip
+    // Round trip a steady clock timepoint
+    m.def("test_chrono6", [](steady_time t) { return t; });
 
-// Roundtrip a duration in microseconds from a float argument
-std::chrono::microseconds test_chrono7(std::chrono::microseconds t) {
-    return t;
+    // test_floating_point_duration
+    // Roundtrip a duration in microseconds from a float argument
+    m.def("test_chrono7", [](std::chrono::microseconds t) { return t; });
+    // Float durations (issue #719)
+    m.def("test_chrono_float_diff", [](std::chrono::duration<float> a, std::chrono::duration<float> b) {
+        return a - b; });
 }
-
-// Float durations (issue #719)
-std::chrono::duration<double> test_chrono_float_diff(std::chrono::duration<float> a, std::chrono::duration<float> b) {
-    return a - b;
-}
-
-test_initializer chrono([] (py::module &m) {
-    m.def("test_chrono1", &test_chrono1);
-    m.def("test_chrono2", &test_chrono2);
-    m.def("test_chrono3", &test_chrono3);
-    m.def("test_chrono4", &test_chrono4);
-    m.def("test_chrono5", &test_chrono5);
-    m.def("test_chrono6", &test_chrono6);
-    m.def("test_chrono7", &test_chrono7);
-    m.def("test_chrono_float_diff", &test_chrono_float_diff);
-});