Textwrap is a small Rust crate for word wrapping text. You can use it to format strings for display in commandline applications. The crate name and interface is inspired by the Python textwrap module.
To use textwrap
, add this to your Cargo.toml
file:
[dependencies] textwrap = "0.12"
This gives you the text wrapping without of the optional features listed next.
hyphenation
If you would like to have automatic language-sensitive hyphenation, enable the hyphenation
feature:
[dependencies] textwrap = { version = "0.12", features = ["hyphenation"] }
This gives you hyphenation support for US English. Please see the hyphenation
example for an executable demo. Read the Getting Started section below to see how to load the hyphenation patterns for other languages.
terminal_size
To conveniently wrap text at the current terminal width, enable the terminal_size
feature:
[dependencies] textwrap = { version = "0.12", features = ["terminal_size"] }
Please see the termwidth
example for how to use this feature.
Word wrapping single strings is easy using the fill
function:
fn main() { let text = "textwrap: a small library for wrapping text."; println!("{}", textwrap::fill(text, 18)); }
The output is
textwrap: a small library for wrapping text.
If you enable the hyphenation
feature, you get support for automatic hyphenation for about 70 languages via high-quality TeX hyphenation patterns.
Your program must load the hyphenation pattern and call Wrapper::with_splitter
to use it:
use hyphenation::{Language, Load, Standard}; use textwrap::Wrapper; fn main() { let hyphenator = Standard::from_embedded(Language::EnglishUS).unwrap(); let wrapper = Wrapper::with_splitter(18, hyphenator); let text = "textwrap: a small library for wrapping text."; println!("{}", wrapper.fill(text)) }
The output now looks like this:
textwrap: a small library for wrap- ping text.
The US-English hyphenation patterns are embedded when you enable the hyphenation
feature. They are licensed under a permissive license and take up about 88 KB of space in your application. If you need hyphenation for other languages, you need to download a precompiled .bincode
file and load it yourself. Please see the hyphenation
documentation for details.
If your strings are known at compile time, please take a look at the procedural macros from the textwrap-macros
crate.
The library comes with some small example programs that shows various features.
The layout
example shows how a fixed example string is wrapped at different widths. Run the example with:
$ cargo run --features hyphenation --example layout
The program will use the following string:
Memory safety without garbage collection. Concurrency without data races. Zero-cost abstractions.
The string is wrapped at all widths between 15 and 60 columns. With narrow columns the output looks like this:
.--- Width: 15 ---. | Memory safety | | without garbage | | collection. | | Concurrency | | without data | | races. Zero- | | cost abstrac- | | tions. | .--- Width: 16 ----. | Memory safety | | without garbage | | collection. Con- | | currency without | | data races. Ze- | | ro-cost abstrac- | | tions. |
Later, longer lines are used and the output now looks like this:
.-------------------- Width: 49 --------------------. | Memory safety without garbage collection. Concur- | | rency without data races. Zero-cost abstractions. | .---------------------- Width: 53 ----------------------. | Memory safety without garbage collection. Concurrency | | without data races. Zero-cost abstractions. | .------------------------- Width: 59 -------------------------. | Memory safety without garbage collection. Concurrency with- | | out data races. Zero-cost abstractions. |
Notice how words are split at hyphens (such as "zero-cost") but also how words are hyphenated using automatic/machine hyphenation.
The termwidth
example simply shows how the width can be set automatically to the current terminal width. Run it with this command:
$ cargo run --example termwidth
If you run it in a narrow terminal, you'll see output like this:
Formatted in within 60 columns: ---- Memory safety without garbage collection. Concurrency without data races. Zero-cost abstractions. ----
If stdout
is not connected to the terminal, the program will use a default of 80 columns for the width:
$ cargo run --example termwidth | cat Formatted in within 80 columns: ---- Memory safety without garbage collection. Concurrency without data races. Zero- cost abstractions. ----
Please see the CHANGELOG file for details on the changes made in each release.
Textwrap can be distributed according to the MIT license. Contributions will be accepted under the same license.