| /* |
| * Copyright 2012 Google Inc. |
| * |
| * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be |
| * found in the LICENSE file. |
| */ |
| #include "SkLineParameters.h" |
| #include "SkPathOpsCubic.h" |
| #include "SkPathOpsLine.h" |
| #include "SkPathOpsQuad.h" |
| #include "SkPathOpsRect.h" |
| |
| const int SkDCubic::gPrecisionUnit = 256; // FIXME: test different values in test framework |
| |
| // FIXME: cache keep the bounds and/or precision with the caller? |
| double SkDCubic::calcPrecision() const { |
| SkDRect dRect; |
| dRect.setBounds(*this); // OPTIMIZATION: just use setRawBounds ? |
| double width = dRect.fRight - dRect.fLeft; |
| double height = dRect.fBottom - dRect.fTop; |
| return (width > height ? width : height) / gPrecisionUnit; |
| } |
| |
| bool SkDCubic::clockwise() const { |
| double sum = (fPts[0].fX - fPts[3].fX) * (fPts[0].fY + fPts[3].fY); |
| for (int idx = 0; idx < 3; ++idx) { |
| sum += (fPts[idx + 1].fX - fPts[idx].fX) * (fPts[idx + 1].fY + fPts[idx].fY); |
| } |
| return sum <= 0; |
| } |
| |
| void SkDCubic::Coefficients(const double* src, double* A, double* B, double* C, double* D) { |
| *A = src[6]; // d |
| *B = src[4] * 3; // 3*c |
| *C = src[2] * 3; // 3*b |
| *D = src[0]; // a |
| *A -= *D - *C + *B; // A = -a + 3*b - 3*c + d |
| *B += 3 * *D - 2 * *C; // B = 3*a - 6*b + 3*c |
| *C -= 3 * *D; // C = -3*a + 3*b |
| } |
| |
| bool SkDCubic::controlsContainedByEnds() const { |
| SkDVector startTan = fPts[1] - fPts[0]; |
| if (startTan.fX == 0 && startTan.fY == 0) { |
| startTan = fPts[2] - fPts[0]; |
| } |
| SkDVector endTan = fPts[2] - fPts[3]; |
| if (endTan.fX == 0 && endTan.fY == 0) { |
| endTan = fPts[1] - fPts[3]; |
| } |
| if (startTan.dot(endTan) >= 0) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| SkDLine startEdge = {{fPts[0], fPts[0]}}; |
| startEdge[1].fX -= startTan.fY; |
| startEdge[1].fY += startTan.fX; |
| SkDLine endEdge = {{fPts[3], fPts[3]}}; |
| endEdge[1].fX -= endTan.fY; |
| endEdge[1].fY += endTan.fX; |
| double leftStart1 = startEdge.isLeft(fPts[1]); |
| if (leftStart1 * startEdge.isLeft(fPts[2]) < 0) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| double leftEnd1 = endEdge.isLeft(fPts[1]); |
| if (leftEnd1 * endEdge.isLeft(fPts[2]) < 0) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| return leftStart1 * leftEnd1 >= 0; |
| } |
| |
| bool SkDCubic::endsAreExtremaInXOrY() const { |
| return (between(fPts[0].fX, fPts[1].fX, fPts[3].fX) |
| && between(fPts[0].fX, fPts[2].fX, fPts[3].fX)) |
| || (between(fPts[0].fY, fPts[1].fY, fPts[3].fY) |
| && between(fPts[0].fY, fPts[2].fY, fPts[3].fY)); |
| } |
| |
| bool SkDCubic::isLinear(int startIndex, int endIndex) const { |
| SkLineParameters lineParameters; |
| lineParameters.cubicEndPoints(*this, startIndex, endIndex); |
| // FIXME: maybe it's possible to avoid this and compare non-normalized |
| lineParameters.normalize(); |
| double distance = lineParameters.controlPtDistance(*this, 1); |
| if (!approximately_zero(distance)) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| distance = lineParameters.controlPtDistance(*this, 2); |
| return approximately_zero(distance); |
| } |
| |
| bool SkDCubic::monotonicInY() const { |
| return between(fPts[0].fY, fPts[1].fY, fPts[3].fY) |
| && between(fPts[0].fY, fPts[2].fY, fPts[3].fY); |
| } |
| |
| bool SkDCubic::serpentine() const { |
| if (!controlsContainedByEnds()) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| double wiggle = (fPts[0].fX - fPts[2].fX) * (fPts[0].fY + fPts[2].fY); |
| for (int idx = 0; idx < 2; ++idx) { |
| wiggle += (fPts[idx + 1].fX - fPts[idx].fX) * (fPts[idx + 1].fY + fPts[idx].fY); |
| } |
| double waggle = (fPts[1].fX - fPts[3].fX) * (fPts[1].fY + fPts[3].fY); |
| for (int idx = 1; idx < 3; ++idx) { |
| waggle += (fPts[idx + 1].fX - fPts[idx].fX) * (fPts[idx + 1].fY + fPts[idx].fY); |
| } |
| return wiggle * waggle < 0; |
| } |
| |
| // cubic roots |
| |
| static const double PI = 3.141592653589793; |
| |
| // from SkGeometry.cpp (and Numeric Solutions, 5.6) |
| int SkDCubic::RootsValidT(double A, double B, double C, double D, double t[3]) { |
| double s[3]; |
| int realRoots = RootsReal(A, B, C, D, s); |
| int foundRoots = SkDQuad::AddValidTs(s, realRoots, t); |
| return foundRoots; |
| } |
| |
| int SkDCubic::RootsReal(double A, double B, double C, double D, double s[3]) { |
| #ifdef SK_DEBUG |
| // create a string mathematica understands |
| // GDB set print repe 15 # if repeated digits is a bother |
| // set print elements 400 # if line doesn't fit |
| char str[1024]; |
| sk_bzero(str, sizeof(str)); |
| SK_SNPRINTF(str, sizeof(str), "Solve[%1.19g x^3 + %1.19g x^2 + %1.19g x + %1.19g == 0, x]", |
| A, B, C, D); |
| mathematica_ize(str, sizeof(str)); |
| #if ONE_OFF_DEBUG && ONE_OFF_DEBUG_MATHEMATICA |
| SkDebugf("%s\n", str); |
| #endif |
| #endif |
| if (approximately_zero(A) |
| && approximately_zero_when_compared_to(A, B) |
| && approximately_zero_when_compared_to(A, C) |
| && approximately_zero_when_compared_to(A, D)) { // we're just a quadratic |
| return SkDQuad::RootsReal(B, C, D, s); |
| } |
| if (approximately_zero_when_compared_to(D, A) |
| && approximately_zero_when_compared_to(D, B) |
| && approximately_zero_when_compared_to(D, C)) { // 0 is one root |
| int num = SkDQuad::RootsReal(A, B, C, s); |
| for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) { |
| if (approximately_zero(s[i])) { |
| return num; |
| } |
| } |
| s[num++] = 0; |
| return num; |
| } |
| if (approximately_zero(A + B + C + D)) { // 1 is one root |
| int num = SkDQuad::RootsReal(A, A + B, -D, s); |
| for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) { |
| if (AlmostEqualUlps(s[i], 1)) { |
| return num; |
| } |
| } |
| s[num++] = 1; |
| return num; |
| } |
| double a, b, c; |
| { |
| double invA = 1 / A; |
| a = B * invA; |
| b = C * invA; |
| c = D * invA; |
| } |
| double a2 = a * a; |
| double Q = (a2 - b * 3) / 9; |
| double R = (2 * a2 * a - 9 * a * b + 27 * c) / 54; |
| double R2 = R * R; |
| double Q3 = Q * Q * Q; |
| double R2MinusQ3 = R2 - Q3; |
| double adiv3 = a / 3; |
| double r; |
| double* roots = s; |
| if (R2MinusQ3 < 0) { // we have 3 real roots |
| double theta = acos(R / sqrt(Q3)); |
| double neg2RootQ = -2 * sqrt(Q); |
| |
| r = neg2RootQ * cos(theta / 3) - adiv3; |
| *roots++ = r; |
| |
| r = neg2RootQ * cos((theta + 2 * PI) / 3) - adiv3; |
| if (!AlmostEqualUlps(s[0], r)) { |
| *roots++ = r; |
| } |
| r = neg2RootQ * cos((theta - 2 * PI) / 3) - adiv3; |
| if (!AlmostEqualUlps(s[0], r) && (roots - s == 1 || !AlmostEqualUlps(s[1], r))) { |
| *roots++ = r; |
| } |
| } else { // we have 1 real root |
| double sqrtR2MinusQ3 = sqrt(R2MinusQ3); |
| double A = fabs(R) + sqrtR2MinusQ3; |
| A = SkDCubeRoot(A); |
| if (R > 0) { |
| A = -A; |
| } |
| if (A != 0) { |
| A += Q / A; |
| } |
| r = A - adiv3; |
| *roots++ = r; |
| if (AlmostEqualUlps(R2, Q3)) { |
| r = -A / 2 - adiv3; |
| if (!AlmostEqualUlps(s[0], r)) { |
| *roots++ = r; |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| return static_cast<int>(roots - s); |
| } |
| |
| // from http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~qin/courses/geometry/4.pdf |
| // c(t) = a(1-t)^3 + 3bt(1-t)^2 + 3c(1-t)t^2 + dt^3 |
| // c'(t) = -3a(1-t)^2 + 3b((1-t)^2 - 2t(1-t)) + 3c(2t(1-t) - t^2) + 3dt^2 |
| // = 3(b-a)(1-t)^2 + 6(c-b)t(1-t) + 3(d-c)t^2 |
| static double derivative_at_t(const double* src, double t) { |
| double one_t = 1 - t; |
| double a = src[0]; |
| double b = src[2]; |
| double c = src[4]; |
| double d = src[6]; |
| return 3 * ((b - a) * one_t * one_t + 2 * (c - b) * t * one_t + (d - c) * t * t); |
| } |
| |
| // OPTIMIZE? compute t^2, t(1-t), and (1-t)^2 and pass them to another version of derivative at t? |
| SkDVector SkDCubic::dxdyAtT(double t) const { |
| SkDVector result = { derivative_at_t(&fPts[0].fX, t), derivative_at_t(&fPts[0].fY, t) }; |
| return result; |
| } |
| |
| // OPTIMIZE? share code with formulate_F1DotF2 |
| int SkDCubic::findInflections(double tValues[]) const { |
| double Ax = fPts[1].fX - fPts[0].fX; |
| double Ay = fPts[1].fY - fPts[0].fY; |
| double Bx = fPts[2].fX - 2 * fPts[1].fX + fPts[0].fX; |
| double By = fPts[2].fY - 2 * fPts[1].fY + fPts[0].fY; |
| double Cx = fPts[3].fX + 3 * (fPts[1].fX - fPts[2].fX) - fPts[0].fX; |
| double Cy = fPts[3].fY + 3 * (fPts[1].fY - fPts[2].fY) - fPts[0].fY; |
| return SkDQuad::RootsValidT(Bx * Cy - By * Cx, Ax * Cy - Ay * Cx, Ax * By - Ay * Bx, tValues); |
| } |
| |
| static void formulate_F1DotF2(const double src[], double coeff[4]) { |
| double a = src[2] - src[0]; |
| double b = src[4] - 2 * src[2] + src[0]; |
| double c = src[6] + 3 * (src[2] - src[4]) - src[0]; |
| coeff[0] = c * c; |
| coeff[1] = 3 * b * c; |
| coeff[2] = 2 * b * b + c * a; |
| coeff[3] = a * b; |
| } |
| |
| /** SkDCubic'(t) = At^2 + Bt + C, where |
| A = 3(-a + 3(b - c) + d) |
| B = 6(a - 2b + c) |
| C = 3(b - a) |
| Solve for t, keeping only those that fit between 0 < t < 1 |
| */ |
| int SkDCubic::FindExtrema(double a, double b, double c, double d, double tValues[2]) { |
| // we divide A,B,C by 3 to simplify |
| double A = d - a + 3*(b - c); |
| double B = 2*(a - b - b + c); |
| double C = b - a; |
| |
| return SkDQuad::RootsValidT(A, B, C, tValues); |
| } |
| |
| /* from SkGeometry.cpp |
| Looking for F' dot F'' == 0 |
| |
| A = b - a |
| B = c - 2b + a |
| C = d - 3c + 3b - a |
| |
| F' = 3Ct^2 + 6Bt + 3A |
| F'' = 6Ct + 6B |
| |
| F' dot F'' -> CCt^3 + 3BCt^2 + (2BB + CA)t + AB |
| */ |
| int SkDCubic::findMaxCurvature(double tValues[]) const { |
| double coeffX[4], coeffY[4]; |
| int i; |
| formulate_F1DotF2(&fPts[0].fX, coeffX); |
| formulate_F1DotF2(&fPts[0].fY, coeffY); |
| for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { |
| coeffX[i] = coeffX[i] + coeffY[i]; |
| } |
| return RootsValidT(coeffX[0], coeffX[1], coeffX[2], coeffX[3], tValues); |
| } |
| |
| SkDPoint SkDCubic::top(double startT, double endT) const { |
| SkDCubic sub = subDivide(startT, endT); |
| SkDPoint topPt = sub[0]; |
| if (topPt.fY > sub[3].fY || (topPt.fY == sub[3].fY && topPt.fX > sub[3].fX)) { |
| topPt = sub[3]; |
| } |
| double extremeTs[2]; |
| if (!sub.monotonicInY()) { |
| int roots = FindExtrema(sub[0].fY, sub[1].fY, sub[2].fY, sub[3].fY, extremeTs); |
| for (int index = 0; index < roots; ++index) { |
| double t = startT + (endT - startT) * extremeTs[index]; |
| SkDPoint mid = xyAtT(t); |
| if (topPt.fY > mid.fY || (topPt.fY == mid.fY && topPt.fX > mid.fX)) { |
| topPt = mid; |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| return topPt; |
| } |
| |
| SkDPoint SkDCubic::xyAtT(double t) const { |
| double one_t = 1 - t; |
| double one_t2 = one_t * one_t; |
| double a = one_t2 * one_t; |
| double b = 3 * one_t2 * t; |
| double t2 = t * t; |
| double c = 3 * one_t * t2; |
| double d = t2 * t; |
| SkDPoint result = {a * fPts[0].fX + b * fPts[1].fX + c * fPts[2].fX + d * fPts[3].fX, |
| a * fPts[0].fY + b * fPts[1].fY + c * fPts[2].fY + d * fPts[3].fY}; |
| return result; |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| Given a cubic c, t1, and t2, find a small cubic segment. |
| |
| The new cubic is defined as points A, B, C, and D, where |
| s1 = 1 - t1 |
| s2 = 1 - t2 |
| A = c[0]*s1*s1*s1 + 3*c[1]*s1*s1*t1 + 3*c[2]*s1*t1*t1 + c[3]*t1*t1*t1 |
| D = c[0]*s2*s2*s2 + 3*c[1]*s2*s2*t2 + 3*c[2]*s2*t2*t2 + c[3]*t2*t2*t2 |
| |
| We don't have B or C. So We define two equations to isolate them. |
| First, compute two reference T values 1/3 and 2/3 from t1 to t2: |
| |
| c(at (2*t1 + t2)/3) == E |
| c(at (t1 + 2*t2)/3) == F |
| |
| Next, compute where those values must be if we know the values of B and C: |
| |
| _12 = A*2/3 + B*1/3 |
| 12_ = A*1/3 + B*2/3 |
| _23 = B*2/3 + C*1/3 |
| 23_ = B*1/3 + C*2/3 |
| _34 = C*2/3 + D*1/3 |
| 34_ = C*1/3 + D*2/3 |
| _123 = (A*2/3 + B*1/3)*2/3 + (B*2/3 + C*1/3)*1/3 = A*4/9 + B*4/9 + C*1/9 |
| 123_ = (A*1/3 + B*2/3)*1/3 + (B*1/3 + C*2/3)*2/3 = A*1/9 + B*4/9 + C*4/9 |
| _234 = (B*2/3 + C*1/3)*2/3 + (C*2/3 + D*1/3)*1/3 = B*4/9 + C*4/9 + D*1/9 |
| 234_ = (B*1/3 + C*2/3)*1/3 + (C*1/3 + D*2/3)*2/3 = B*1/9 + C*4/9 + D*4/9 |
| _1234 = (A*4/9 + B*4/9 + C*1/9)*2/3 + (B*4/9 + C*4/9 + D*1/9)*1/3 |
| = A*8/27 + B*12/27 + C*6/27 + D*1/27 |
| = E |
| 1234_ = (A*1/9 + B*4/9 + C*4/9)*1/3 + (B*1/9 + C*4/9 + D*4/9)*2/3 |
| = A*1/27 + B*6/27 + C*12/27 + D*8/27 |
| = F |
| E*27 = A*8 + B*12 + C*6 + D |
| F*27 = A + B*6 + C*12 + D*8 |
| |
| Group the known values on one side: |
| |
| M = E*27 - A*8 - D = B*12 + C* 6 |
| N = F*27 - A - D*8 = B* 6 + C*12 |
| M*2 - N = B*18 |
| N*2 - M = C*18 |
| B = (M*2 - N)/18 |
| C = (N*2 - M)/18 |
| */ |
| |
| static double interp_cubic_coords(const double* src, double t) { |
| double ab = SkDInterp(src[0], src[2], t); |
| double bc = SkDInterp(src[2], src[4], t); |
| double cd = SkDInterp(src[4], src[6], t); |
| double abc = SkDInterp(ab, bc, t); |
| double bcd = SkDInterp(bc, cd, t); |
| double abcd = SkDInterp(abc, bcd, t); |
| return abcd; |
| } |
| |
| SkDCubic SkDCubic::subDivide(double t1, double t2) const { |
| if (t1 == 0 && t2 == 1) { |
| return *this; |
| } |
| SkDCubic dst; |
| double ax = dst[0].fX = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fX, t1); |
| double ay = dst[0].fY = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fY, t1); |
| double ex = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fX, (t1*2+t2)/3); |
| double ey = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fY, (t1*2+t2)/3); |
| double fx = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fX, (t1+t2*2)/3); |
| double fy = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fY, (t1+t2*2)/3); |
| double dx = dst[3].fX = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fX, t2); |
| double dy = dst[3].fY = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fY, t2); |
| double mx = ex * 27 - ax * 8 - dx; |
| double my = ey * 27 - ay * 8 - dy; |
| double nx = fx * 27 - ax - dx * 8; |
| double ny = fy * 27 - ay - dy * 8; |
| /* bx = */ dst[1].fX = (mx * 2 - nx) / 18; |
| /* by = */ dst[1].fY = (my * 2 - ny) / 18; |
| /* cx = */ dst[2].fX = (nx * 2 - mx) / 18; |
| /* cy = */ dst[2].fY = (ny * 2 - my) / 18; |
| // FIXME: call align() ? |
| return dst; |
| } |
| |
| void SkDCubic::align(int endIndex, int ctrlIndex, SkDPoint* dstPt) const { |
| if (fPts[endIndex].fX == fPts[ctrlIndex].fX) { |
| dstPt->fX = fPts[endIndex].fX; |
| } |
| if (fPts[endIndex].fY == fPts[ctrlIndex].fY) { |
| dstPt->fY = fPts[endIndex].fY; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| void SkDCubic::subDivide(const SkDPoint& a, const SkDPoint& d, |
| double t1, double t2, SkDPoint dst[2]) const { |
| SkASSERT(t1 != t2); |
| #if 0 |
| double ex = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fX, (t1 * 2 + t2) / 3); |
| double ey = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fY, (t1 * 2 + t2) / 3); |
| double fx = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fX, (t1 + t2 * 2) / 3); |
| double fy = interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fY, (t1 + t2 * 2) / 3); |
| double mx = ex * 27 - a.fX * 8 - d.fX; |
| double my = ey * 27 - a.fY * 8 - d.fY; |
| double nx = fx * 27 - a.fX - d.fX * 8; |
| double ny = fy * 27 - a.fY - d.fY * 8; |
| /* bx = */ dst[0].fX = (mx * 2 - nx) / 18; |
| /* by = */ dst[0].fY = (my * 2 - ny) / 18; |
| /* cx = */ dst[1].fX = (nx * 2 - mx) / 18; |
| /* cy = */ dst[1].fY = (ny * 2 - my) / 18; |
| #else |
| // this approach assumes that the control points computed directly are accurate enough |
| SkDCubic sub = subDivide(t1, t2); |
| dst[0] = sub[1] + (a - sub[0]); |
| dst[1] = sub[2] + (d - sub[3]); |
| #endif |
| if (t1 == 0 || t2 == 0) { |
| align(0, 1, t1 == 0 ? &dst[0] : &dst[1]); |
| } |
| if (t1 == 1 || t2 == 1) { |
| align(3, 2, t1 == 1 ? &dst[0] : &dst[1]); |
| } |
| if (precisely_subdivide_equal(dst[0].fX, a.fX)) { |
| dst[0].fX = a.fX; |
| } |
| if (precisely_subdivide_equal(dst[0].fY, a.fY)) { |
| dst[0].fY = a.fY; |
| } |
| if (precisely_subdivide_equal(dst[1].fX, d.fX)) { |
| dst[1].fX = d.fX; |
| } |
| if (precisely_subdivide_equal(dst[1].fY, d.fY)) { |
| dst[1].fY = d.fY; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /* classic one t subdivision */ |
| static void interp_cubic_coords(const double* src, double* dst, double t) { |
| double ab = SkDInterp(src[0], src[2], t); |
| double bc = SkDInterp(src[2], src[4], t); |
| double cd = SkDInterp(src[4], src[6], t); |
| double abc = SkDInterp(ab, bc, t); |
| double bcd = SkDInterp(bc, cd, t); |
| double abcd = SkDInterp(abc, bcd, t); |
| |
| dst[0] = src[0]; |
| dst[2] = ab; |
| dst[4] = abc; |
| dst[6] = abcd; |
| dst[8] = bcd; |
| dst[10] = cd; |
| dst[12] = src[6]; |
| } |
| |
| SkDCubicPair SkDCubic::chopAt(double t) const { |
| SkDCubicPair dst; |
| if (t == 0.5) { |
| dst.pts[0] = fPts[0]; |
| dst.pts[1].fX = (fPts[0].fX + fPts[1].fX) / 2; |
| dst.pts[1].fY = (fPts[0].fY + fPts[1].fY) / 2; |
| dst.pts[2].fX = (fPts[0].fX + 2 * fPts[1].fX + fPts[2].fX) / 4; |
| dst.pts[2].fY = (fPts[0].fY + 2 * fPts[1].fY + fPts[2].fY) / 4; |
| dst.pts[3].fX = (fPts[0].fX + 3 * (fPts[1].fX + fPts[2].fX) + fPts[3].fX) / 8; |
| dst.pts[3].fY = (fPts[0].fY + 3 * (fPts[1].fY + fPts[2].fY) + fPts[3].fY) / 8; |
| dst.pts[4].fX = (fPts[1].fX + 2 * fPts[2].fX + fPts[3].fX) / 4; |
| dst.pts[4].fY = (fPts[1].fY + 2 * fPts[2].fY + fPts[3].fY) / 4; |
| dst.pts[5].fX = (fPts[2].fX + fPts[3].fX) / 2; |
| dst.pts[5].fY = (fPts[2].fY + fPts[3].fY) / 2; |
| dst.pts[6] = fPts[3]; |
| return dst; |
| } |
| interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fX, &dst.pts[0].fX, t); |
| interp_cubic_coords(&fPts[0].fY, &dst.pts[0].fY, t); |
| return dst; |
| } |