diff --git a/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
index 9aeb79f..86d7427 100644
--- a/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -66,6 +66,12 @@
    COMPILE_DEFINITIONS "GTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY=1")
 target_link_libraries(xgl_render_tests XGL gtest gtest_main ${TEST_LIBRARIES})
 
+add_executable(xgl_base_render_test base_render_test.cpp ${COMMON_CPP} displayengine.cpp)
+set_target_properties(xgl_base_render_test
+   PROPERTIES
+   COMPILE_DEFINITIONS "GTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY=1")
+target_link_libraries(xgl_base_render_test XGL gtest gtest_main ${TEST_LIBRARIES})
+
 target_link_libraries(xglinfo XGL)
 
 add_subdirectory(gtest-1.7.0)
diff --git a/tests/base_render_test.cpp b/tests/base_render_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bf9055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/base_render_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1007 @@
+// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
+//  XGL tests
+//
+//  Copyright (C) 2014 LunarG, Inc.
+//
+//  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+//  copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+//  to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+//  the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+//  and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+//  Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+//  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+//  in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+//  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+//  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+//  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
+//  THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+//  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+//  FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+//  DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+
+// Base rendering test
+// The intend of this test is to have all the necessary steps to render
+// a textured triangle in straight-line code to simplify debugging
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+using namespace std;
+
+#include <xgl.h>
+#include <xglIntelExt.h>
+#include "gtest-1.7.0/include/gtest/gtest.h"
+
+#include "xgldevice.h"
+#include "xglimage.h"
+#include "icd-bil.h"
+
+#include "xgltestframework.h"
+
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Mesh and VertexFormat Data
+//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+struct Vertex
+{
+    XGL_FLOAT posX, posY, posZ, posW;    // Position data
+    XGL_FLOAT r, g, b, a;                // Color
+};
+
+#define XYZ1(_x_, _y_, _z_)         (_x_), (_y_), (_z_), 1.f
+
+static const Vertex g_vbData[] =
+{
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1,  1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 1.f, 0.f ) },
+
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1,  1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 1.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( 1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 1.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+    { XYZ1( -1, -1, -1 ), XYZ1( 0.f, 0.f, 0.f ) },
+};
+
+static const uint32_t gen6_fs[] = {
+    0x00600001, 0x202003fe, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          m1<1>F          1F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x00600001, 0x204003fe, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          m2<1>F          0F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x00600001, 0x206003fe, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          m3<1>F          0F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x00600001, 0x208003fe, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          m4<1>F          1F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x05600032, 0x20001fc8, 0x008d0020, 0x88019400, // sendc(8)        null            m1<8,8,1>F
+                                                    // render RT write SIMD8 LastRT Surface = 0 mlen 4 rlen 0 { align1 1Q EOT };
+};
+
+static const uint32_t gen6_vs[] = {
+    0x01600110, 0x200f1ca4, 0x00600020, 0x00000000, // cmp.z.f0(8)     null            g1<4,4,1>.xD    0D              { align16 1Q };
+    0x00670122, 0x000a108f, 0x000e0004, 0x000e0004, // (+f0.all4h) if(8) JIP: 10                                       { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600501, 0x204303fd, 0x00000000, 0xbf800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.xyF       -1F                             { align16 NoDDClr 1Q };
+    0x00600d01, 0x204403fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.zF        0F                              { align16 NoDDClr,NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600901, 0x204803fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.wF        1F                              { align16 NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600124, 0x0014108f, 0x006e0004, 0x006e0004, // else(8)         JIP: 20                                         { align16 1Q };
+    0x01600110, 0x200f1ca4, 0x00600020, 0x00000001, // cmp.z.f0(8)     null            g1<4,4,1>.xD    1D              { align16 1Q };
+    0x00670122, 0x000a108f, 0x000e0004, 0x000e0004, // (+f0.all4h) if(8) JIP: 10                                       { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600501, 0x204903fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.xwF       1F                              { align16 NoDDClr 1Q };
+    0x00600d01, 0x204203fd, 0x00000000, 0xbf800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.yF        -1F                             { align16 NoDDClr,NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600901, 0x204403fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.zF        0F                              { align16 NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600124, 0x0006108f, 0x006e0004, 0x006e0004, // else(8)         JIP: 6                                          { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600501, 0x204503fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.xzF       0F                              { align16 NoDDClr 1Q };
+    0x00600901, 0x204a03fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.ywF       1F                              { align16 NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600125, 0x0002108f, 0x006e0004, 0x006e0002, // endif(8)        JIP: 2                                          { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600125, 0x0002108f, 0x006e0004, 0x006e0002, // endif(8)        JIP: 2                                          { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600101, 0x204f0062, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          m2<1>UD         0x00000000UD                    { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600101, 0x206f03be, 0x006e0044, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          m3<1>F          g2<4,4,1>F                      { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600301, 0x202f0022, 0x006e0004, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          m1<1>UD         g0<4,4,1>UD                     { align16 WE_all 1Q };
+    0x06600131, 0x200f1fdc, 0x006e0024, 0x8608c400, // send(8)         null            m1<4,4,1>F
+                                                    // urb 0 urb_write interleave used complete mlen 3 rlen 0 { align16 1Q EOT };
+};
+
+static const uint32_t gen7_fs[] = {
+    0x00600001, 0x2e2003fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g113<1>F        1F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x00600001, 0x2e4003fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g114<1>F        0F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x00600001, 0x2e6003fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g115<1>F        0F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x00600001, 0x2e8003fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g116<1>F        1F                              { align1 1Q };
+    0x05600032, 0x20001fa8, 0x008d0e20, 0x88031400, // sendc(8)        null            g113<8,8,1>F
+                                                    // render RT write SIMD8 LastRT Surface = 0 mlen 4 rlen 0 { align1 1Q EOT };
+};
+
+static const uint32_t gen7_vs[] = {
+    0x01608110, 0x200f1ca4, 0x00600020, 0x00000000, // cmp.z.f0(8)     null            g1<4,4,1>.xD    0D              { align16 1Q switch };
+    0x00670122, 0x200f0c84, 0x000e0004, 0x001c000a, // (+f0.all4h) if(8) JIP: 10       UIP: 28                         { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600501, 0x204303fd, 0x00000000, 0xbf800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.xyF       -1F                             { align16 NoDDClr 1Q };
+    0x00600d01, 0x204403fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.zF        0F                              { align16 NoDDClr,NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600901, 0x204803fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.wF        1F                              { align16 NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600124, 0x200f0c84, 0x006e0004, 0x00000014, // else(8)         JIP: 20                                         { align16 1Q };
+    0x01608110, 0x200f1ca4, 0x00600020, 0x00000001, // cmp.z.f0(8)     null            g1<4,4,1>.xD    1D              { align16 1Q switch };
+    0x00670122, 0x200f0c84, 0x000e0004, 0x000e000a, // (+f0.all4h) if(8) JIP: 10       UIP: 14                         { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600501, 0x204903fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.xwF       1F                              { align16 NoDDClr 1Q };
+    0x00600d01, 0x204203fd, 0x00000000, 0xbf800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.yF        -1F                             { align16 NoDDClr,NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600901, 0x204403fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.zF        0F                              { align16 NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600124, 0x200f0c84, 0x006e0004, 0x00000006, // else(8)         JIP: 6                                          { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600501, 0x204503fd, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.xzF       0F                              { align16 NoDDClr 1Q };
+    0x00600901, 0x204a03fd, 0x00000000, 0x3f800000, // mov(8)          g2<1>.ywF       1F                              { align16 NoDDChk 1Q };
+    0x00600125, 0x200f0c84, 0x006e0004, 0x00000002, // endif(8)        JIP: 2                                          { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600125, 0x200f0c84, 0x006e0004, 0x00000002, // endif(8)        JIP: 2                                          { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600101, 0x2e4f0061, 0x00000000, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g114<1>UD       0x00000000UD                    { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600101, 0x2e6f03bd, 0x006e0044, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g115<1>F        g2<4,4,1>F                      { align16 1Q };
+    0x00600301, 0x2e2f0021, 0x006e0004, 0x00000000, // mov(8)          g113<1>UD       g0<4,4,1>UD                     { align16 WE_all 1Q };
+    0x00000206, 0x2e340c21, 0x00000014, 0x0000ff00, // or(1)           g113.5<1>UD     g0.5<0,1,0>UD   0x0000ff00UD    { align1 WE_all };
+    0x06600131, 0x200f1fbc, 0x006e0e24, 0x8608c000, // send(8)         null            g113<4,4,1>F
+                                                    // urb 0 write HWord interleave complete mlen 3 rlen 0 { align16 1Q EOT };
+};
+
+class XglRenderTest : public XglTestFramework
+{
+public:
+    void CreateQueryPool(XGL_QUERY_TYPE type, XGL_UINT slots,
+                         XGL_QUERY_POOL *pPool, XGL_GPU_MEMORY *pMem);
+    void DestroyQueryPool(XGL_QUERY_POOL pool, XGL_GPU_MEMORY mem);
+
+    XGL_DEVICE device() {return m_device->device();}
+    void InitPipeline();
+    void InitMesh( XGL_UINT32 numVertices, XGL_GPU_SIZE vbStride, const void* vertices );
+    void InitConstantBuffer( int constantCount, int constantSize, const void* data );
+    void DrawTriangleTest();
+    void DrawRotatedTriangleTest();
+
+protected:
+    XGL_APPLICATION_INFO app_info;
+    XGL_PHYSICAL_GPU objs[MAX_GPUS];
+    XGL_UINT gpu_count;
+    XGL_GPU_MEMORY      m_descriptor_set_mem;
+    XGL_GPU_MEMORY      m_pipe_mem;
+    XglDevice *m_device;
+    XGL_CMD_BUFFER m_cmdBuffer;
+    XGL_UINT32 m_numVertices;
+    XGL_MEMORY_VIEW_ATTACH_INFO m_vtxBufferView;
+    XGL_MEMORY_VIEW_ATTACH_INFO m_constantBufferView;
+    XGL_GPU_MEMORY m_vtxBufferMem;
+    XGL_GPU_MEMORY m_constantBufferMem;
+    XGL_UINT32                      m_numMemRefs;
+    XGL_MEMORY_REF                  m_memRefs[5];
+    XGL_RASTER_STATE_OBJECT         m_stateRaster;
+    XGL_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_OBJECT    m_colorBlend;
+    XGL_VIEWPORT_STATE_OBJECT       m_stateViewport;
+    XGL_DEPTH_STENCIL_STATE_OBJECT  m_stateDepthStencil;
+    XGL_MSAA_STATE_OBJECT           m_stateMsaa;
+    XGL_DESCRIPTOR_SET              m_rsrcDescSet;
+
+    virtual void SetUp() {
+        XGL_RESULT err;
+
+        this->app_info.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO;
+        this->app_info.pNext = NULL;
+        this->app_info.pAppName = (const XGL_CHAR *) "base";
+        this->app_info.appVersion = 1;
+        this->app_info.pEngineName = (const XGL_CHAR *) "unittest";
+        this->app_info.engineVersion = 1;
+        this->app_info.apiVersion = XGL_MAKE_VERSION(0, 22, 0);
+
+        memset(&m_vtxBufferView, 0, sizeof(m_vtxBufferView));
+        m_vtxBufferView.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_VIEW_ATTACH_INFO;
+
+        memset(&m_constantBufferView, 0, sizeof(m_constantBufferView));
+        m_constantBufferView.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_VIEW_ATTACH_INFO;
+
+        err = xglInitAndEnumerateGpus(&app_info, NULL,
+                                      MAX_GPUS, &this->gpu_count, objs);
+        ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+        ASSERT_GE(1, this->gpu_count) << "No GPU available";
+
+        m_device = new XglDevice(0, objs[0]);
+        m_device->get_device_queue();
+    }
+
+    virtual void TearDown() {
+        xglInitAndEnumerateGpus(&this->app_info, XGL_NULL_HANDLE, 0, &gpu_count, XGL_NULL_HANDLE);
+    }
+};
+
+
+void XglRenderTest::CreateQueryPool(XGL_QUERY_TYPE type, XGL_UINT slots,
+                                    XGL_QUERY_POOL *pPool, XGL_GPU_MEMORY *pMem)
+{
+    XGL_RESULT err;
+
+    XGL_QUERY_POOL_CREATE_INFO poolCreateInfo = {};
+    poolCreateInfo.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_QUERY_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
+    poolCreateInfo.pNext = NULL;
+    poolCreateInfo.queryType = type;
+    poolCreateInfo.slots = slots;
+
+    err = xglCreateQueryPool(device(), &poolCreateInfo, pPool);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    XGL_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS mem_req;
+    XGL_UINT data_size = sizeof(mem_req);
+    err = xglGetObjectInfo(*pPool, XGL_INFO_TYPE_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS,
+                           &data_size, &mem_req);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+    ASSERT_EQ(data_size, sizeof(mem_req));
+
+    if (!mem_req.size) {
+        *pMem = XGL_NULL_HANDLE;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    XGL_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO mem_info;
+
+    memset(&mem_info, 0, sizeof(mem_info));
+    mem_info.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO;
+    mem_info.allocationSize = mem_req.size;
+    mem_info.alignment = mem_req.alignment;
+    mem_info.heapCount = mem_req.heapCount;
+    memcpy(mem_info.heaps, mem_req.heaps, sizeof(XGL_UINT)*XGL_MAX_MEMORY_HEAPS);
+    mem_info.memPriority = XGL_MEMORY_PRIORITY_NORMAL;
+    mem_info.flags = XGL_MEMORY_ALLOC_SHAREABLE_BIT;
+    err = xglAllocMemory(device(), &mem_info, pMem);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    err = xglBindObjectMemory(*pPool, *pMem, 0);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+}
+
+void XglRenderTest::DestroyQueryPool(XGL_QUERY_POOL pool, XGL_GPU_MEMORY mem)
+{
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglBindObjectMemory(pool, XGL_NULL_HANDLE, 0));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglFreeMemory(mem));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(pool));
+}
+
+
+// this function will create the vertex buffer and fill it with the mesh data
+void XglRenderTest::InitMesh( XGL_UINT32 numVertices, XGL_GPU_SIZE vbStride,
+                              const void* vertices )
+{
+    XGL_RESULT err = XGL_SUCCESS;
+
+    assert( numVertices * vbStride > 0 );
+    m_numVertices = numVertices;
+
+    XGL_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO alloc_info = {};
+    XGL_UINT8 *pData;
+
+    alloc_info.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO;
+    alloc_info.allocationSize = numVertices * vbStride;
+    alloc_info.alignment = 0;
+    alloc_info.heapCount = 1;
+    alloc_info.heaps[0] = 0; // TODO: Use known existing heap
+
+    alloc_info.flags = XGL_MEMORY_HEAP_CPU_VISIBLE_BIT;
+    alloc_info.memPriority = XGL_MEMORY_PRIORITY_NORMAL;
+
+    err = xglAllocMemory(device(), &alloc_info, &m_vtxBufferMem);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    err = xglMapMemory(m_vtxBufferMem, 0, (XGL_VOID **) &pData);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    memcpy(pData, vertices, alloc_info.allocationSize);
+
+    err = xglUnmapMemory(m_vtxBufferMem);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    // set up the memory view for the vertex buffer
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.stride = vbStride;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.range  = numVertices * vbStride;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.offset = 0;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.mem    = m_vtxBufferMem;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.format.channelFormat = XGL_CH_FMT_UNDEFINED;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.format.numericFormat = XGL_NUM_FMT_UNDEFINED;
+
+    // open the command buffer
+    err = xglBeginCommandBuffer( m_cmdBuffer, 0 );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    XGL_MEMORY_STATE_TRANSITION transition = {};
+    transition.mem = m_vtxBufferMem;
+    transition.oldState = XGL_MEMORY_STATE_DATA_TRANSFER;
+    transition.newState = XGL_MEMORY_STATE_GRAPHICS_SHADER_READ_ONLY;
+    transition.offset = 0;
+    transition.regionSize = numVertices * vbStride;
+
+    // write transition to the command buffer
+    xglCmdPrepareMemoryRegions( m_cmdBuffer, 1, &transition );
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.state = XGL_MEMORY_STATE_GRAPHICS_SHADER_READ_ONLY;
+
+    // finish recording the command buffer
+    err = xglEndCommandBuffer( m_cmdBuffer );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    // this command buffer only uses the vertex buffer memory
+    m_numMemRefs = 1;
+    m_memRefs[0].flags = 0;
+    m_memRefs[0].mem = m_vtxBufferMem;
+
+    // submit the command buffer to the universal queue
+    err = xglQueueSubmit( m_device->m_queue, 1, &m_cmdBuffer, m_numMemRefs, m_memRefs, NULL );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+}
+
+void XglRenderTest::InitConstantBuffer(int constantCount, int constantSize, const void* data)
+{
+    XGL_RESULT err = XGL_SUCCESS;
+
+    XGL_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO alloc_info = {};
+    XGL_UINT8 *pData;
+
+    alloc_info.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO;
+    alloc_info.allocationSize = constantCount * constantSize;
+    alloc_info.alignment = 0;
+    alloc_info.heapCount = 1;
+    alloc_info.heaps[0] = 0; // TODO: Use known existing heap
+
+    alloc_info.flags = XGL_MEMORY_HEAP_CPU_VISIBLE_BIT;
+    alloc_info.memPriority = XGL_MEMORY_PRIORITY_NORMAL;
+
+    err = xglAllocMemory(device(), &alloc_info, &m_constantBufferMem);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    err = xglMapMemory(m_constantBufferMem, 0, (XGL_VOID **) &pData);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    memcpy(pData, data, alloc_info.allocationSize);
+
+    err = xglUnmapMemory(m_constantBufferMem);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    // set up the memory view for the constant buffer
+    this->m_constantBufferView.stride = 1;
+    this->m_constantBufferView.range  = 16;
+    this->m_constantBufferView.offset = 0;
+    this->m_constantBufferView.mem    = m_constantBufferMem;
+    this->m_constantBufferView.format.channelFormat = XGL_CH_FMT_R32G32B32A32;
+    this->m_constantBufferView.format.numericFormat = XGL_NUM_FMT_FLOAT;
+}
+
+void XglRenderTest::DrawRotatedTriangleTest()
+{
+    // TODO : This test will pass a matrix into VS to affect triangle orientation.
+}
+
+/**
+ * DrawTriangleTest deliberately calls each necessary xgl call to
+ * make it clear what is necessary to render and simplify debugging.
+ */
+void XglRenderTest::DrawTriangleTest()
+{
+    XGL_PIPELINE pipeline;
+    XGL_SHADER vs, ps;
+    XGL_RESULT err;
+    XGL_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO info = {};
+    XGL_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO vs_stage;
+    XGL_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO ps_stage;
+    std::vector<unsigned int> bil;
+    XGL_SHADER_CREATE_INFO createInfo;
+    XGL_SHADER shader;
+    XGL_IMAGE                    m_image;
+    XGL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_VIEW    m_targetView;
+    XGL_IMAGE_VIEW_ATTACH_INFO   m_imageInfo;
+    XGL_GPU_MEMORY               m_memory;
+
+    int width = 256, height = 256;
+
+    // create a raster state (solid, back-face culling)
+    XGL_RASTER_STATE_CREATE_INFO raster = {};
+    raster.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RASTER_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
+    raster.fillMode = XGL_FILL_SOLID;
+    raster.cullMode = XGL_CULL_NONE;
+    raster.frontFace = XGL_FRONT_FACE_CCW;
+    err = xglCreateRasterState( device(), &raster, &m_stateRaster );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    XGL_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO viewport = {};
+    viewport.viewportCount         = 1;
+    viewport.scissorEnable         = XGL_FALSE;
+    viewport.viewports[0].originX  = 0;
+    viewport.viewports[0].originY  = 0;
+    viewport.viewports[0].width    = 1.f * width;
+    viewport.viewports[0].height   = 1.f * height;
+    viewport.viewports[0].minDepth = 0.f;
+    viewport.viewports[0].maxDepth = 1.f;
+
+    err = xglCreateViewportState( device(), &viewport, &m_stateViewport );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+
+    XGL_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO blend = {};
+    blend.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
+    err = xglCreateColorBlendState(device(), &blend, &m_colorBlend);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+
+    XGL_DEPTH_STENCIL_STATE_CREATE_INFO depthStencil = {};
+    depthStencil.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEPTH_STENCIL_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
+    depthStencil.depthTestEnable      = XGL_FALSE;
+    depthStencil.depthWriteEnable = XGL_FALSE;
+    depthStencil.depthFunc = XGL_COMPARE_LESS_EQUAL;
+    depthStencil.depthBoundsEnable = XGL_FALSE;
+    depthStencil.minDepth = 0.f;
+    depthStencil.maxDepth = 1.f;
+    depthStencil.back.stencilDepthFailOp = XGL_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
+    depthStencil.back.stencilFailOp = XGL_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
+    depthStencil.back.stencilPassOp = XGL_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
+    depthStencil.back.stencilRef = 0x00;
+    depthStencil.back.stencilFunc = XGL_COMPARE_ALWAYS;
+    depthStencil.front = depthStencil.back;
+
+    err = xglCreateDepthStencilState( device(), &depthStencil, &m_stateDepthStencil );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+
+    XGL_MSAA_STATE_CREATE_INFO msaa = {};
+    msaa.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MSAA_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
+    msaa.sampleMask = 1;
+    msaa.samples = 1;
+
+    err = xglCreateMsaaState( device(), &msaa, &m_stateMsaa );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+
+    XGL_CMD_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO cmdInfo = {};
+
+    cmdInfo.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_CMD_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
+    cmdInfo.queueType = XGL_QUEUE_TYPE_GRAPHICS;
+    err = xglCreateCommandBuffer(device(), &cmdInfo, &m_cmdBuffer);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err) << "xglCreateCommandBuffer failed";
+
+#if 0
+    // Create descriptor set for our one resource
+    XGL_DESCRIPTOR_SET_CREATE_INFO descriptorInfo = {};
+    descriptorInfo.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_CREATE_INFO;
+    descriptorInfo.slots = 1; // Vertex buffer only
+
+    // create a descriptor set with a single slot
+    err = xglCreateDescriptorSet( device(), &descriptorInfo, &m_rsrcDescSet );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err) << "xglCreateDescriptorSet failed";
+
+    // bind memory to the descriptor set
+    err = m_device->AllocAndBindGpuMemory(m_rsrcDescSet, "DescriptorSet", &m_descriptor_set_mem);
+
+    // set up the memory view for the vertex buffer
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.stride = vbStride;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.range  = numVertices * vbStride;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.offset = 0;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.mem    = m_vtxBufferMem;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.format.channelFormat = XGL_CH_FMT_UNDEFINED;
+    this->m_vtxBufferView.format.numericFormat = XGL_NUM_FMT_UNDEFINED;
+    // write the vertex buffer view to the descriptor set
+    xglBeginDescriptorSetUpdate( m_rsrcDescSet );
+    xglAttachMemoryViewDescriptors( m_rsrcDescSet, 0, 1, &m_vtxBufferView );
+    xglEndDescriptorSetUpdate( m_rsrcDescSet );
+#endif
+
+    const int constantCount = 4;
+    const float constants[constantCount] = { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0 };
+    InitConstantBuffer(constantCount, sizeof(constants[0]), (const void*) constants);
+
+    // Create descriptor set for a uniform resource
+    XGL_DESCRIPTOR_SET_CREATE_INFO descriptorInfo = {};
+    descriptorInfo.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_CREATE_INFO;
+    descriptorInfo.slots = 1;
+
+    // create a descriptor set with a single slot
+    err = xglCreateDescriptorSet( device(), &descriptorInfo, &m_rsrcDescSet );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err) << "xglCreateDescriptorSet failed";
+
+    // bind memory to the descriptor set
+    err = m_device->AllocAndBindGpuMemory(m_rsrcDescSet, "DescriptorSet", &m_descriptor_set_mem);
+
+    // write the constant buffer view to the descriptor set
+    xglBeginDescriptorSetUpdate( m_rsrcDescSet );
+    xglAttachMemoryViewDescriptors( m_rsrcDescSet, 0, 1, &m_constantBufferView );
+    xglEndDescriptorSetUpdate( m_rsrcDescSet );
+
+    static const char *vertShaderText =
+            "#version 130\n"
+            "vec2 vertices[3];\n"
+            "void main() {\n"
+            "      vertices[0] = vec2(-1.0, -1.0);\n"
+            "      vertices[1] = vec2( 1.0, -1.0);\n"
+            "      vertices[2] = vec2( 0.0,  1.0);\n"
+            "   gl_Position = vec4(vertices[gl_VertexID % 3], 0.0, 1.0);\n"
+            "}\n";
+    static const char *vertShader2 =
+            "#version 330\n"
+            "out vec4 color;\n"
+            "out vec4 scale;\n"
+            "void main() {\n"
+            "   vec2 vertices[3];"
+            "      vertices[0] = vec2(-0.5, -0.5);\n"
+            "      vertices[1] = vec2( 0.5, -0.5);\n"
+            "      vertices[2] = vec2( 0.5,  0.5);\n"
+            "   vec4 colors[3];\n"
+            "      colors[0] = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);\n"
+            "      colors[1] = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);\n"
+            "      colors[2] = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n"
+            "   color = colors[int(mod(gl_VertexID, 3))];\n"
+            "   scale = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n"
+            "   gl_Position = vec4(vertices[int(mod(gl_VertexID, 3))], 0.0, 1.0);\n"
+            "}\n";
+
+    createInfo.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_CREATE_INFO;
+    createInfo.pNext = NULL;
+
+    if (this->m_device->extension_exist("XGL_COMPILE_GLSL")) {
+        XGL_INTEL_COMPILE_GLSL glsl_header;
+
+        glsl_header.stage = XGL_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX;
+        glsl_header.pCode = vertShader2;
+        // Driver has extended CreateShader to process GLSL
+        createInfo.sType = (XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE) XGL_INTEL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_CREATE_INFO;
+        createInfo.pCode = &glsl_header;
+        createInfo.codeSize = strlen(vertShader2);
+        createInfo.flags = 0;
+    } else {
+        // Use Reference GLSL to BIL compiler
+        GLSLtoBIL(XGL_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX, vertShader2, bil);
+        createInfo.pCode = bil.data();
+        createInfo.codeSize = bil.size() * sizeof(unsigned int);
+        createInfo.flags = 0;
+    }
+
+    err = xglCreateShader(device(), &createInfo, &vs);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    vs_stage.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
+    vs_stage.pNext = XGL_NULL_HANDLE;
+    vs_stage.shader.stage = XGL_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX;
+    vs_stage.shader.shader = vs;
+    vs_stage.shader.descriptorSetMapping[0].descriptorCount = 0;
+    vs_stage.shader.linkConstBufferCount = 0;
+    vs_stage.shader.pLinkConstBufferInfo = XGL_NULL_HANDLE;
+    vs_stage.shader.dynamicMemoryViewMapping.slotObjectType = XGL_SLOT_UNUSED;
+    vs_stage.shader.dynamicMemoryViewMapping.shaderEntityIndex = 0;
+
+    static const char *fragShaderText =
+       "#version 130\n"
+       "uniform vec4 foo;\n"
+       "void main() {\n"
+       "   gl_FragColor = foo;\n"
+       "}\n";
+    static const char *fragShader2 =
+            "#version 430\n"
+            "in vec4 color;\n"
+            "in vec4 scale;\n"
+            "layout(location = 0) uniform vec4 foo;\n"
+            "void main() {\n"
+            "   gl_FragColor = color * scale + foo;\n"
+            "}\n";
+
+    createInfo.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_CREATE_INFO;
+    createInfo.pNext = NULL;
+
+    if (this->m_device->extension_exist("XGL_COMPILE_GLSL")) {
+        XGL_INTEL_COMPILE_GLSL glsl_header;
+
+        glsl_header.stage = XGL_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT;
+        glsl_header.pCode = fragShader2;
+        // Driver has extended CreateShader to process GLSL
+        createInfo.sType = (XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE) XGL_INTEL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_CREATE_INFO;
+        createInfo.pCode = &glsl_header;
+        createInfo.codeSize = strlen(fragShader2);
+        createInfo.flags = 0;
+    } else {
+        // Use Reference GLSL to BIL compiler
+        GLSLtoBIL(XGL_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT, fragShader2, bil);
+        createInfo.pCode = bil.data();
+        createInfo.codeSize = bil.size() * sizeof(unsigned int);
+        createInfo.flags = 0;
+    }
+
+    err = xglCreateShader(device(), &createInfo, &ps);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    ps_stage.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
+    ps_stage.pNext = &vs_stage;
+    ps_stage.shader.stage = XGL_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT;
+    ps_stage.shader.shader = ps;
+
+    const int slots = 1;
+    XGL_DESCRIPTOR_SLOT_INFO *slotInfo = (XGL_DESCRIPTOR_SLOT_INFO*) malloc( slots * sizeof(XGL_DESCRIPTOR_SLOT_INFO) );
+    slotInfo[0].shaderEntityIndex = 0;
+    slotInfo[0].slotObjectType = XGL_SLOT_SHADER_RESOURCE;
+
+    ps_stage.shader.descriptorSetMapping[0].pDescriptorInfo = (const XGL_DESCRIPTOR_SLOT_INFO*) slotInfo;
+    ps_stage.shader.descriptorSetMapping[0].descriptorCount = 1;
+
+    ps_stage.shader.linkConstBufferCount = 0;
+    ps_stage.shader.pLinkConstBufferInfo = XGL_NULL_HANDLE;
+    ps_stage.shader.dynamicMemoryViewMapping.slotObjectType = XGL_SLOT_UNUSED;
+    ps_stage.shader.dynamicMemoryViewMapping.shaderEntityIndex = 0;
+
+    XGL_PIPELINE_IA_STATE_CREATE_INFO ia_state = {
+        XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_IA_STATE_CREATE_INFO,  // sType
+        &ps_stage,                                         // pNext
+        XGL_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST,                        // XGL_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY
+        XGL_FALSE,                                         // disableVertexReuse
+        XGL_PROVOKING_VERTEX_LAST,                         // XGL_PROVOKING_VERTEX_CONVENTION
+        XGL_FALSE,                                         // primitiveRestartEnable
+        0                                                  // primitiveRestartIndex
+    };
+
+    XGL_PIPELINE_RS_STATE_CREATE_INFO rs_state = {
+        XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RS_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
+        &ia_state,
+        XGL_FALSE,                                          // depthClipEnable
+        XGL_FALSE,                                          // rasterizerDiscardEnable
+        1.0                                                 // pointSize
+    };
+
+    XGL_PIPELINE_CB_STATE cb_state = {
+        XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_CB_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
+        &rs_state,
+        XGL_FALSE,                                          // alphaToCoverageEnable
+        XGL_FALSE,                                          // dualSourceBlendEnable
+        XGL_LOGIC_OP_COPY,                                  // XGL_LOGIC_OP
+        {                                                   // XGL_PIPELINE_CB_ATTACHMENT_STATE
+            {
+                XGL_FALSE,                                  // blendEnable
+                {XGL_CH_FMT_R8G8B8A8, XGL_NUM_FMT_UNORM},   // XGL_FORMAT
+                0xF                                         // channelWriteMask
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    // TODO: Should take depth buffer format from queried formats
+    XGL_PIPELINE_DB_STATE_CREATE_INFO db_state = {
+        XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DB_STATE_CREATE_INFO,
+        &cb_state,
+        {XGL_CH_FMT_R32, XGL_NUM_FMT_DS}                    // XGL_FORMAT
+    };
+
+    info.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO;
+    info.pNext = &db_state;
+    info.flags = 0;
+    err = xglCreateGraphicsPipeline(device(), &info, &pipeline);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    err = m_device->AllocAndBindGpuMemory(pipeline, "Pipeline", &m_pipe_mem);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+    /*
+     * Shaders are now part of the pipeline, don't need these anymore
+     */
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(ps));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(vs));
+
+    XGL_QUERY_POOL query;
+    XGL_GPU_MEMORY query_mem;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(CreateQueryPool(XGL_QUERY_PIPELINE_STATISTICS, 1, &query, &query_mem));
+
+    XglImage *renderTarget;
+    XGL_FORMAT fmt = {
+        XGL_CH_FMT_R8G8B8A8,
+        XGL_NUM_FMT_UNORM
+    };
+    renderTarget = new XglImage(m_device);
+    renderTarget->init(width, height, fmt, XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_SHADER_ACCESS_WRITE_BIT |
+                       XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT);
+//    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(m_device->CreateImage(width, height, fmt,
+//                                                  XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_SHADER_ACCESS_WRITE_BIT |
+//                                                  XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT,
+//                                                  &renderTarget));
+    {
+        XGL_UINT mipCount;
+        XGL_SIZE size = sizeof(XGL_FORMAT_PROPERTIES);
+        XGL_FORMAT_PROPERTIES image_fmt;
+
+        mipCount = 0;
+
+        XGL_UINT _w = width;
+        XGL_UINT _h = height;
+        while( ( _w > 0 ) || ( _h > 0 ) )
+        {
+            _w >>= 1;
+            _h >>= 1;
+            mipCount++;
+        }
+
+        // TODO: Pick known good format rather than just expect common format
+        /*
+         * XXX: What should happen if given NULL HANDLE for the pData argument?
+         * We're not requesting XGL_INFO_TYPE_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS so there is
+         * an expectation that pData is a valid pointer.
+         * However, why include a returned size value? That implies that the
+         * amount of data may vary and that doesn't work well for using a
+         * fixed structure.
+         */
+
+        err = xglGetFormatInfo(this->m_device->device(), fmt,
+                               XGL_INFO_TYPE_FORMAT_PROPERTIES,
+                               &size, &image_fmt);
+        ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+        //    typedef struct _XGL_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO
+        //    {
+        //        XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE                      sType;                      // Must be XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO
+        //        const XGL_VOID*                         pNext;                      // Pointer to next structure.
+        //        XGL_IMAGE_TYPE                          imageType;
+        //        XGL_FORMAT                              format;
+        //        XGL_EXTENT3D                            extent;
+        //        XGL_UINT                                mipLevels;
+        //        XGL_UINT                                arraySize;
+        //        XGL_UINT                                samples;
+        //        XGL_IMAGE_TILING                        tiling;
+        //        XGL_FLAGS                               usage;                      // XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_FLAGS
+        //        XGL_FLAGS                               flags;                      // XGL_IMAGE_CREATE_FLAGS
+        //    } XGL_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
+
+
+        XGL_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO imageCreateInfo = {};
+        imageCreateInfo.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
+        imageCreateInfo.imageType = XGL_IMAGE_2D;
+        imageCreateInfo.format = fmt;
+        imageCreateInfo.arraySize = 1;
+        imageCreateInfo.extent.width = width;
+        imageCreateInfo.extent.height = height;
+        imageCreateInfo.extent.depth = 1;
+        imageCreateInfo.mipLevels = mipCount;
+        imageCreateInfo.samples = 1;
+        imageCreateInfo.tiling = XGL_LINEAR_TILING;
+
+        // Image usage flags
+        //    typedef enum _XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_FLAGS
+        //    {
+        //        XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_SHADER_ACCESS_READ_BIT                  = 0x00000001,
+        //        XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_SHADER_ACCESS_WRITE_BIT                 = 0x00000002,
+        //        XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT                    = 0x00000004,
+        //        XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_BIT                       = 0x00000008,
+        //    } XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_FLAGS;
+    //    imageCreateInfo.usage = XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_SHADER_ACCESS_WRITE_BIT | XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
+        imageCreateInfo.usage = XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_SHADER_ACCESS_WRITE_BIT |
+                                XGL_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
+
+        //    XGL_RESULT XGLAPI xglCreateImage(
+        //        XGL_DEVICE                                  device,
+        //        const XGL_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO*                pCreateInfo,
+        //        XGL_IMAGE*                                  pImage);
+        err = xglCreateImage(device(), &imageCreateInfo, &m_image);
+        ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+        XGL_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS mem_req;
+        XGL_UINT data_size = sizeof(XGL_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS);
+        err = xglGetObjectInfo(m_image, XGL_INFO_TYPE_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS,
+                               &data_size, &mem_req);
+        ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+        ASSERT_EQ(data_size, sizeof(mem_req));
+        ASSERT_NE(0, mem_req.size) << "xglGetObjectInfo (Event): Failed - expect images to require memory";
+
+        m_imageInfo.state = XGL_IMAGE_STATE_UNINITIALIZED_TARGET;
+
+        //        XGL_RESULT XGLAPI xglAllocMemory(
+        //            XGL_DEVICE                                  device,
+        //            const XGL_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO*                pAllocInfo,
+        //            XGL_GPU_MEMORY*                             pMem);
+        XGL_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO mem_info;
+
+        memset(&mem_info, 0, sizeof(mem_info));
+        mem_info.sType = XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO;
+        mem_info.allocationSize = mem_req.size;
+        mem_info.alignment = mem_req.alignment;
+        mem_info.heapCount = mem_req.heapCount;
+        memcpy(mem_info.heaps, mem_req.heaps, sizeof(XGL_UINT)*XGL_MAX_MEMORY_HEAPS);
+        mem_info.memPriority = XGL_MEMORY_PRIORITY_NORMAL;
+        mem_info.flags = XGL_MEMORY_ALLOC_SHAREABLE_BIT;
+        err = xglAllocMemory(device(), &mem_info, &m_memory);
+        ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+        err = xglBindObjectMemory(m_image, m_memory, 0);
+        ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+        XGL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_VIEW_CREATE_INFO createView = {
+            XGL_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
+            XGL_NULL_HANDLE,
+            m_image,
+            fmt,
+            0,
+            0,
+            1
+        };
+
+        err = xglCreateColorAttachmentView(device(), &createView, &m_targetView);
+        ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+    }
+
+    // Build command buffer
+    err = xglBeginCommandBuffer(m_cmdBuffer, 0);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(err);
+
+//    GenerateClearAndPrepareBufferCmds(renderTarget);
+    {
+        // whatever we want to do, we do it to the whole buffer
+        XGL_IMAGE_SUBRESOURCE_RANGE srRange = {};
+        srRange.aspect = XGL_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR;
+        srRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
+        srRange.mipLevels = XGL_LAST_MIP_OR_SLICE;
+        srRange.baseArraySlice = 0;
+        srRange.arraySize = XGL_LAST_MIP_OR_SLICE;
+
+        // prepare the whole back buffer for clear
+        XGL_IMAGE_STATE_TRANSITION transitionToClear = {};
+        transitionToClear.image = renderTarget->image();
+        transitionToClear.oldState = renderTarget->state();
+        transitionToClear.newState = XGL_IMAGE_STATE_CLEAR;
+        transitionToClear.subresourceRange = srRange;
+        xglCmdPrepareImages( m_cmdBuffer, 1, &transitionToClear );
+        renderTarget->state(( XGL_IMAGE_STATE ) transitionToClear.newState);
+
+        // clear the back buffer to dark grey
+        XGL_UINT clearColor[4] = {64, 64, 64, 0};
+        xglCmdClearColorImageRaw( m_cmdBuffer, renderTarget->image(), clearColor, 1, &srRange );
+
+        // prepare back buffer for rendering
+        XGL_IMAGE_STATE_TRANSITION transitionToRender = {};
+        transitionToRender.image = renderTarget->image();
+        transitionToRender.oldState = renderTarget->state();
+        transitionToRender.newState = XGL_IMAGE_STATE_TARGET_RENDER_ACCESS_OPTIMAL;
+        transitionToRender.subresourceRange = srRange;
+        xglCmdPrepareImages( m_cmdBuffer, 1, &transitionToRender );
+        renderTarget->state(( XGL_IMAGE_STATE ) transitionToClear.newState);
+    }
+
+    {
+        // bind render target
+        XGL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIND_INFO colorBind = {};
+        colorBind.view  = renderTarget->targetView();
+        colorBind.colorAttachmentState = XGL_IMAGE_STATE_TARGET_RENDER_ACCESS_OPTIMAL;
+        xglCmdBindAttachments(m_cmdBuffer, 1, &colorBind, NULL );
+    }
+
+    {
+        // set all states
+        xglCmdBindStateObject( m_cmdBuffer, XGL_STATE_BIND_RASTER, m_stateRaster );
+        xglCmdBindStateObject( m_cmdBuffer, XGL_STATE_BIND_VIEWPORT, m_stateViewport );
+        xglCmdBindStateObject( m_cmdBuffer, XGL_STATE_BIND_COLOR_BLEND, m_colorBlend);
+        xglCmdBindStateObject( m_cmdBuffer, XGL_STATE_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL, m_stateDepthStencil );
+        xglCmdBindStateObject( m_cmdBuffer, XGL_STATE_BIND_MSAA, m_stateMsaa );
+
+        // bind pipeline, vertex buffer (descriptor set) and WVP (dynamic memory view)
+        xglCmdBindPipeline( m_cmdBuffer, XGL_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline );
+        xglCmdBindDescriptorSet(m_cmdBuffer, XGL_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, 0, m_rsrcDescSet, 0 );
+    }
+
+    xglCmdResetQueryPool(m_cmdBuffer, query, 0, 1);
+    xglCmdBeginQuery(m_cmdBuffer, query, 0, 0);
+
+    // render the cube
+    xglCmdDraw( m_cmdBuffer, 0, 3, 0, 1 );
+
+    xglCmdEndQuery(m_cmdBuffer, query, 0);
+
+    // prepare the back buffer for present
+//    XGL_IMAGE_STATE_TRANSITION transitionToPresent = {};
+//    transitionToPresent.image = m_image;
+//    transitionToPresent.oldState = m_image_state;
+//    transitionToPresent.newState = m_display.fullscreen ? XGL_WSI_WIN_PRESENT_SOURCE_FLIP : XGL_WSI_WIN_PRESENT_SOURCE_BLT;
+//    transitionToPresent.subresourceRange = srRange;
+//    xglCmdPrepareImages( m_cmdBuffer, 1, &transitionToPresent );
+//    m_image_state = ( XGL_IMAGE_STATE ) transitionToPresent.newState;
+
+    // finalize recording of the command buffer
+    err = xglEndCommandBuffer( m_cmdBuffer );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+
+    // this command buffer only uses the vertex buffer memory
+    m_numMemRefs = 0;
+//    m_memRefs[0].flags = 0;
+//    m_memRefs[0].mem = m_vtxBufferMemory;
+
+    // submit the command buffer to the universal queue
+    err = xglQueueSubmit( m_device->m_queue, 1, &m_cmdBuffer, m_numMemRefs, m_memRefs, NULL );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+
+    err = xglQueueWaitIdle( m_device->m_queue );
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+
+    // Wait for work to finish before cleaning up.
+    xglDeviceWaitIdle(m_device->device());
+
+    XGL_PIPELINE_STATISTICS_DATA stats;
+    XGL_SIZE stats_size = sizeof(stats);
+    err = xglGetQueryPoolResults(query, 0, 1, &stats_size, &stats);
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS( err );
+    ASSERT_EQ(stats_size, sizeof(stats));
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(stats.vsInvocations, 3);
+    ASSERT_EQ(stats.cPrimitives, 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(stats.cInvocations, 1);
+
+    DestroyQueryPool(query, query_mem);
+
+    const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+      ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+
+//    renderTarget->WritePPM(test_info->test_case_name());
+//    m_screen.Display(renderTarget, m_image_mem);
+    RecordImage(renderTarget);
+
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(pipeline));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(m_cmdBuffer));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(m_stateRaster));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(m_stateViewport));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(m_stateDepthStencil));
+    ASSERT_XGL_SUCCESS(xglDestroyObject(m_stateMsaa));
+    free(renderTarget);
+}
+
+
+TEST_F(XglRenderTest, TestDrawTriangle) {
+    DrawTriangleTest();
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    int result;
+
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    XglTestFramework::InitArgs(&argc, argv);
+
+    ::testing::Environment* const xgl_test_env = ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new TestEnvironment);
+
+    result = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+
+    XglTestFramework::Finish();
+    return result;
+}