build: Enable declaration hiding warning on Windows

Fixes #1388
Turn on the Windows compiler option (4456) to report
hidden declarations.
Fix all places where this was occurring.

Change-Id: I3346d87da8b70d6299c206fcac68520a091ed1a6
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 8b09cbc..77e365a 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -57,9 +57,12 @@
 endif()
 
 if(WIN32)
-    # Disable RTTI, Treat warnings as errors
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} /WX")
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /GR- /WX")
+    # Treat warnings as errors
+    add_compile_options("$<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/WX>")
+    # Disable RTTI
+    add_compile_options("$<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/GR->")
+    # Warn about nested declarations
+    add_compile_options("$<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/w34456>")
 endif()
 
 if(NOT WIN32)
diff --git a/layers/core_validation.cpp b/layers/core_validation.cpp
index 4ed0803..d342afa 100644
--- a/layers/core_validation.cpp
+++ b/layers/core_validation.cpp
@@ -7621,49 +7621,50 @@
             }
             auto oldFinalBoundSet = pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].boundDescriptorSets[lastSetIndex];
             auto pipeline_layout = getPipelineLayout(dev_data, layout);
-            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < setCount; i++) {
-                cvdescriptorset::DescriptorSet *descriptor_set = getSetNode(dev_data, pDescriptorSets[i]);
+            for (uint32_t set_idx = 0; set_idx < setCount; set_idx++) {
+                cvdescriptorset::DescriptorSet *descriptor_set = getSetNode(dev_data, pDescriptorSets[set_idx]);
                 if (descriptor_set) {
                     pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].pipeline_layout = *pipeline_layout;
-                    pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].boundDescriptorSets[i + firstSet] = descriptor_set;
+                    pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].boundDescriptorSets[set_idx + firstSet] = descriptor_set;
                     skip_call |= log_msg(dev_data->report_data, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_INFORMATION_BIT_EXT,
-                                         VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i], __LINE__,
-                                         DRAWSTATE_NONE, "DS", "Descriptor Set 0x%" PRIxLEAST64 " bound on pipeline %s",
-                                         (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i], string_VkPipelineBindPoint(pipelineBindPoint));
+                                         VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx],
+                                         __LINE__, DRAWSTATE_NONE, "DS", "Descriptor Set 0x%" PRIxLEAST64 " bound on pipeline %s",
+                                         (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx], string_VkPipelineBindPoint(pipelineBindPoint));
                     if (!descriptor_set->IsUpdated() && (descriptor_set->GetTotalDescriptorCount() != 0)) {
                         skip_call |= log_msg(dev_data->report_data, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_WARNING_BIT_EXT,
-                                             VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i], __LINE__,
-                                             DRAWSTATE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_NOT_UPDATED, "DS",
+                                             VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx],
+                                             __LINE__, DRAWSTATE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_NOT_UPDATED, "DS",
                                              "Descriptor Set 0x%" PRIxLEAST64
                                              " bound but it was never updated. You may want to either update it or not bind it.",
-                                             (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i]);
+                                             (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx]);
                     }
                     // Verify that set being bound is compatible with overlapping setLayout of pipelineLayout
-                    if (!verify_set_layout_compatibility(dev_data, descriptor_set, pipeline_layout, i + firstSet, errorString)) {
+                    if (!verify_set_layout_compatibility(dev_data, descriptor_set, pipeline_layout, set_idx + firstSet,
+                                                         errorString)) {
                         skip_call |= log_msg(dev_data->report_data, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT,
-                                             VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i], __LINE__,
-                                             VALIDATION_ERROR_00974, "DS",
+                                             VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx],
+                                             __LINE__, VALIDATION_ERROR_00974, "DS",
                                              "descriptorSet #%u being bound is not compatible with overlapping descriptorSetLayout "
                                              "at index %u of pipelineLayout 0x%" PRIxLEAST64 " due to: %s. %s",
-                                             i, i + firstSet, reinterpret_cast<uint64_t &>(layout), errorString.c_str(),
+                                             set_idx, set_idx + firstSet, reinterpret_cast<uint64_t &>(layout), errorString.c_str(),
                                              validation_error_map[VALIDATION_ERROR_00974]);
                     }
 
                     auto setDynamicDescriptorCount = descriptor_set->GetDynamicDescriptorCount();
 
-                    pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].dynamicOffsets[firstSet + i].clear();
+                    pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].dynamicOffsets[firstSet + set_idx].clear();
 
                     if (setDynamicDescriptorCount) {
                         // First make sure we won't overstep bounds of pDynamicOffsets array
                         if ((totalDynamicDescriptors + setDynamicDescriptorCount) > dynamicOffsetCount) {
                             skip_call |=
                                 log_msg(dev_data->report_data, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT,
-                                        VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i], __LINE__,
-                                        DRAWSTATE_INVALID_DYNAMIC_OFFSET_COUNT, "DS",
+                                        VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx],
+                                        __LINE__, DRAWSTATE_INVALID_DYNAMIC_OFFSET_COUNT, "DS",
                                         "descriptorSet #%u (0x%" PRIxLEAST64
                                         ") requires %u dynamicOffsets, but only %u dynamicOffsets are left in pDynamicOffsets "
                                         "array. There must be one dynamic offset for each dynamic descriptor being bound.",
-                                        i, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i], descriptor_set->GetDynamicDescriptorCount(),
+                                        set_idx, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx], descriptor_set->GetDynamicDescriptorCount(),
                                         (dynamicOffsetCount - totalDynamicDescriptors));
                         } else {  // Validate and store dynamic offsets with the set
                             // Validate Dynamic Offset Minimums
@@ -7702,7 +7703,7 @@
                                 }
                             }
 
-                            pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].dynamicOffsets[firstSet + i] =
+                            pCB->lastBound[pipelineBindPoint].dynamicOffsets[firstSet + set_idx] =
                                 std::vector<uint32_t>(pDynamicOffsets + totalDynamicDescriptors,
                                                       pDynamicOffsets + totalDynamicDescriptors + setDynamicDescriptorCount);
                             // Keep running total of dynamic descriptor count to verify at the end
@@ -7710,10 +7711,11 @@
                         }
                     }
                 } else {
-                    skip_call |= log_msg(
-                        dev_data->report_data, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT,
-                        (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i], __LINE__, DRAWSTATE_INVALID_SET, "DS",
-                        "Attempt to bind descriptor set 0x%" PRIxLEAST64 " that doesn't exist!", (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[i]);
+                    skip_call |= log_msg(dev_data->report_data, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT,
+                                         VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_EXT, (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx],
+                                         __LINE__, DRAWSTATE_INVALID_SET, "DS",
+                                         "Attempt to bind descriptor set 0x%" PRIxLEAST64 " that doesn't exist!",
+                                         (uint64_t)pDescriptorSets[set_idx]);
                 }
                 skip_call |= ValidateCmd(dev_data, pCB, CMD_BINDDESCRIPTORSETS, "vkCmdBindDescriptorSets()");
                 UpdateCmdBufferLastCmd(dev_data, pCB, CMD_BINDDESCRIPTORSETS);
@@ -9277,7 +9279,6 @@
                                 "PREINITIALIZED.",
                                 funcName);
             }
-            auto image_data = getImageState(dev_data, mem_barrier->image);
             VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED;
             uint32_t arrayLayers = 0, mipLevels = 0;
             bool imageFound = false;
@@ -10139,7 +10140,6 @@
     }
     // If the attachment was written to by a previous node than this node needs to preserve it.
     if (result && depth > 0) {
-        const VkSubpassDescription &subpass = pCreateInfo->pSubpasses[index];
         bool has_preserved = false;
         for (uint32_t j = 0; j < subpass.preserveAttachmentCount; ++j) {
             if (subpass.pPreserveAttachments[j] == attachment) {
diff --git a/layers/object_tracker.cpp b/layers/object_tracker.cpp
index 6b854be..f4acbe3 100644
--- a/layers/object_tracker.cpp
+++ b/layers/object_tracker.cpp
@@ -4338,7 +4338,7 @@
     if (dev_data->dispatch_table.RegisterDeviceEventEXT) {
         result = dev_data->dispatch_table.RegisterDeviceEventEXT(device, pDeviceEventInfo, pAllocator, pFence);
         if (result == VK_SUCCESS && pFence != NULL) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(global_lock);
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> create_lock(global_lock);
             CreateObject(device, *pFence, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_FENCE_EXT, pAllocator);
         }
     }
@@ -4360,7 +4360,7 @@
     if (dev_data->dispatch_table.RegisterDisplayEventEXT) {
         result = dev_data->dispatch_table.RegisterDisplayEventEXT(device, display, pDisplayEventInfo, pAllocator, pFence);
         if (result == VK_SUCCESS && pFence != NULL) {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(global_lock);
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> create_lock(global_lock);
             CreateObject(device, *pFence, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_FENCE_EXT, pAllocator);
         }
     }
diff --git a/layers/threading.h b/layers/threading.h
index 481acd4..67bb0d6 100644
--- a/layers/threading.h
+++ b/layers/threading.h
@@ -101,10 +101,10 @@
                             counter_condition.wait(lock);
                         }
                         // There is now no current use of the object.  Record writer thread.
-                        struct object_use_data *use_data = &uses[object];
-                        use_data->thread = tid;
-                        use_data->reader_count = 0;
-                        use_data->writer_count = 1;
+                        struct object_use_data *new_use_data = &uses[object];
+                        new_use_data->thread = tid;
+                        new_use_data->reader_count = 0;
+                        new_use_data->writer_count = 1;
                     } else {
                         // Continue with an unsafe use of the object.
                         use_data->thread = tid;
@@ -128,10 +128,10 @@
                             counter_condition.wait(lock);
                         }
                         // There is now no current use of the object.  Record writer thread.
-                        struct object_use_data *use_data = &uses[object];
-                        use_data->thread = tid;
-                        use_data->reader_count = 0;
-                        use_data->writer_count = 1;
+                        struct object_use_data *new_use_data = &uses[object];
+                        new_use_data->thread = tid;
+                        new_use_data->reader_count = 0;
+                        new_use_data->writer_count = 1;
                     } else {
                         // Continue with an unsafe use of the object.
                         use_data->thread = tid;
diff --git a/layers/unique_objects.cpp b/layers/unique_objects.cpp
index f973ec5..dfd35f2 100644
--- a/layers/unique_objects.cpp
+++ b/layers/unique_objects.cpp
@@ -103,7 +103,6 @@
 #endif
 
         // Check for recognized instance extensions
-        layer_data *instance_data = get_my_data_ptr(get_dispatch_key(instance), layer_data_map);
         if (!white_list(pCreateInfo->ppEnabledExtensionNames[i], kUniqueObjectsSupportedInstanceExtensions)) {
             log_msg(instance_data->report_data, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_OBJECT_TYPE_UNKNOWN_EXT, 0, __LINE__,
                     VALIDATION_ERROR_UNDEFINED, "UniqueObjects",
diff --git a/loader/loader.c b/loader/loader.c
index 9c43525..2875af1 100644
--- a/loader/loader.c
+++ b/loader/loader.c
@@ -4858,7 +4858,6 @@
     struct loader_icd_term *icd_term;
     struct loader_phys_dev_per_icd *icd_phys_dev_array = NULL;
     struct loader_physical_device_term **new_phys_devs = NULL;
-    uint32_t i = 0;
 
     inst->total_gpu_count = 0;
 
@@ -4879,38 +4878,35 @@
 
     // For each ICD, query the number of physical devices, and then get an
     // internal value for those physical devices.
-    while (NULL != icd_term) {
-        res = icd_term->EnumeratePhysicalDevices(icd_term->instance, &icd_phys_dev_array[i].count, NULL);
+    for (uint32_t icd_idx = 0; NULL != icd_term; icd_term = icd_term->next, icd_idx++) {
+        res = icd_term->EnumeratePhysicalDevices(icd_term->instance, &icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].count, NULL);
         if (VK_SUCCESS != res) {
             loader_log(inst, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, 0,
                        "setupLoaderTermPhysDevs:  Call to "
                        "ICD %d's \'vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices\' failed with"
                        " error 0x%08x",
-                       i, res);
+                       icd_idx, res);
             goto out;
         }
 
-        icd_phys_dev_array[i].phys_devs =
-            (VkPhysicalDevice *)loader_stack_alloc(icd_phys_dev_array[i].count * sizeof(VkPhysicalDevice));
-        if (NULL == icd_phys_dev_array[i].phys_devs) {
+        icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].phys_devs =
+            (VkPhysicalDevice *)loader_stack_alloc(icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].count * sizeof(VkPhysicalDevice));
+        if (NULL == icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].phys_devs) {
             loader_log(inst, VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, 0,
                        "setupLoaderTermPhysDevs:  Failed to allocate temporary "
                        "ICD Physical device array for ICD %d of size %d",
-                       i, inst->total_gpu_count);
+                       icd_idx, inst->total_gpu_count);
             res = VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY;
             goto out;
         }
 
-        res =
-            icd_term->EnumeratePhysicalDevices(icd_term->instance, &(icd_phys_dev_array[i].count), icd_phys_dev_array[i].phys_devs);
+        res = icd_term->EnumeratePhysicalDevices(icd_term->instance, &(icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].count),
+                                                 icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].phys_devs);
         if (VK_SUCCESS != res) {
             goto out;
         }
-        inst->total_gpu_count += icd_phys_dev_array[i].count;
-        icd_phys_dev_array[i].this_icd_term = icd_term;
-
-        icd_term = icd_term->next;
-        i++;
+        inst->total_gpu_count += icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].count;
+        icd_phys_dev_array[icd_idx].this_icd_term = icd_term;
     }
 
     if (0 == inst->total_gpu_count) {
diff --git a/tests/layer_validation_tests.cpp b/tests/layer_validation_tests.cpp
index ae879eb..d349b94 100644
--- a/tests/layer_validation_tests.cpp
+++ b/tests/layer_validation_tests.cpp
@@ -2641,7 +2641,6 @@
     // buffer to image
     {
         vk_testing::Buffer src_buffer;
-        VkMemoryPropertyFlags reqs = 0;
         src_buffer.init_as_src(*m_device, 128 * 128 * 4, reqs);
         image_create_info.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_8_BIT;
         image_create_info.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
@@ -20503,7 +20502,7 @@
         buffer_create_info.pQueueFamilyIndices = &queue_family_index;
 
         VkBuffer buffer;
-        VkResult err = vkCreateBuffer(m_device->device(), &buffer_create_info, NULL, &buffer);
+        err = vkCreateBuffer(m_device->device(), &buffer_create_info, NULL, &buffer);
         ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(err);
 
         VkMemoryRequirements memory_reqs;