Merge changes from topic "ipsec-sync-with-pi"

* changes:
  Disable the AppOp Restriction for IpSec Tunnels
  Rework Exception Handling for IpSecManager
  Update IpSecManager to use InetAddress and prefixLen
  Add AppOps Checks for MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS
  Add MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS Permission
diff --git a/api/system-current.txt b/api/system-current.txt
index c0e5038..9a54ac6 100644
--- a/api/system-current.txt
+++ b/api/system-current.txt
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@
     field public static final java.lang.String MANAGE_CARRIER_OEM_UNLOCK_STATE = "android.permission.MANAGE_CARRIER_OEM_UNLOCK_STATE";
     field public static final java.lang.String MANAGE_CA_CERTIFICATES = "android.permission.MANAGE_CA_CERTIFICATES";
     field public static final java.lang.String MANAGE_DEVICE_ADMINS = "android.permission.MANAGE_DEVICE_ADMINS";
+    field public static final java.lang.String MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS = "android.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS";
     field public static final java.lang.String MANAGE_SUBSCRIPTION_PLANS = "android.permission.MANAGE_SUBSCRIPTION_PLANS";
     field public static final java.lang.String MANAGE_USB = "android.permission.MANAGE_USB";
     field public static final java.lang.String MANAGE_USERS = "android.permission.MANAGE_USERS";
@@ -2611,10 +2612,10 @@
   }
 
   public static final class IpSecManager.IpSecTunnelInterface implements java.lang.AutoCloseable {
-    method public void addAddress(android.net.LinkAddress) throws java.io.IOException;
+    method public void addAddress(java.net.InetAddress, int) throws java.io.IOException;
     method public void close();
     method public java.lang.String getInterfaceName();
-    method public void removeAddress(android.net.LinkAddress) throws java.io.IOException;
+    method public void removeAddress(java.net.InetAddress, int) throws java.io.IOException;
   }
 
   public final class IpSecTransform implements java.lang.AutoCloseable {
diff --git a/core/java/android/app/SystemServiceRegistry.java b/core/java/android/app/SystemServiceRegistry.java
index 97c6681..69bd453 100644
--- a/core/java/android/app/SystemServiceRegistry.java
+++ b/core/java/android/app/SystemServiceRegistry.java
@@ -271,12 +271,12 @@
             }});
 
         registerService(Context.IPSEC_SERVICE, IpSecManager.class,
-                new StaticServiceFetcher<IpSecManager>() {
+                new CachedServiceFetcher<IpSecManager>() {
             @Override
-            public IpSecManager createService() {
+            public IpSecManager createService(ContextImpl ctx) throws ServiceNotFoundException {
                 IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.IPSEC_SERVICE);
                 IIpSecService service = IIpSecService.Stub.asInterface(b);
-                return new IpSecManager(service);
+                return new IpSecManager(ctx, service);
             }});
 
         registerService(Context.COUNTRY_DETECTOR, CountryDetector.class,
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/IIpSecService.aidl b/core/java/android/net/IIpSecService.aidl
index 3a3ddcc..d6774d4 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/IIpSecService.aidl
+++ b/core/java/android/net/IIpSecService.aidl
@@ -45,25 +45,31 @@
             in String localAddr,
             in String remoteAddr,
             in Network underlyingNetwork,
-            in IBinder binder);
+            in IBinder binder,
+            in String callingPackage);
 
     void addAddressToTunnelInterface(
             int tunnelResourceId,
-            in LinkAddress localAddr);
+            in LinkAddress localAddr,
+            in String callingPackage);
 
     void removeAddressFromTunnelInterface(
             int tunnelResourceId,
-            in LinkAddress localAddr);
+            in LinkAddress localAddr,
+            in String callingPackage);
 
-    void deleteTunnelInterface(int resourceId);
+    void deleteTunnelInterface(int resourceId, in String callingPackage);
 
-    IpSecTransformResponse createTransform(in IpSecConfig c, in IBinder binder);
+    IpSecTransformResponse createTransform(
+            in IpSecConfig c, in IBinder binder, in String callingPackage);
 
     void deleteTransform(int transformId);
 
-    void applyTransportModeTransform(in ParcelFileDescriptor socket, int direction, int transformId);
+    void applyTransportModeTransform(
+            in ParcelFileDescriptor socket, int direction, int transformId);
 
-    void applyTunnelModeTransform(int tunnelResourceId, int direction, int transformResourceId);
+    void applyTunnelModeTransform(
+            int tunnelResourceId, int direction, int transformResourceId, in String callingPackage);
 
     void removeTransportModeTransforms(in ParcelFileDescriptor socket);
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/IpSecManager.java b/core/java/android/net/IpSecManager.java
index cc22771..1145d5b 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/IpSecManager.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/IpSecManager.java
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.util.AndroidException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
@@ -140,6 +143,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private final Context mContext;
     private final IIpSecService mService;
 
     /**
@@ -172,11 +176,16 @@
         public void close() {
             try {
                 mService.releaseSecurityParameterIndex(mResourceId);
-                mResourceId = INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                // On close we swallow all random exceptions since failure to close is not
+                // actionable by the user.
+                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to close " + this + ", Exception=" + e);
+            } finally {
+                mResourceId = INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
+                mCloseGuard.close();
             }
-            mCloseGuard.close();
         }
 
         /** Check that the SPI was closed properly. */
@@ -227,7 +236,6 @@
                     throw new RuntimeException(
                             "Invalid Resource ID returned by IpSecService: " + status);
                 }
-
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
             }
@@ -239,6 +247,17 @@
         public int getResourceId() {
             return mResourceId;
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return new StringBuilder()
+                .append("SecurityParameterIndex{spi=")
+                .append(mSpi)
+                .append(",resourceId=")
+                .append(mResourceId)
+                .append("}")
+                .toString();
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -261,7 +280,11 @@
                     mService,
                     destinationAddress,
                     IpSecManager.INVALID_SECURITY_PARAMETER_INDEX);
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowUncheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
         } catch (SpiUnavailableException unlikely) {
+            // Because this function allocates a totally random SPI, it really shouldn't ever
+            // fail to allocate an SPI; we simply need this because the exception is checked.
             throw new ResourceUnavailableException("No SPIs available");
         }
     }
@@ -274,8 +297,8 @@
      *
      * @param destinationAddress the destination address for traffic bearing the requested SPI.
      *     For inbound traffic, the destination should be an address currently assigned on-device.
-     * @param requestedSpi the requested SPI, or '0' to allocate a random SPI. The range 1-255 is
-     *     reserved and may not be used. See RFC 4303 Section 2.1.
+     * @param requestedSpi the requested SPI. The range 1-255 is reserved and may not be used. See
+     *     RFC 4303 Section 2.1.
      * @return the reserved SecurityParameterIndex
      * @throws {@link #ResourceUnavailableException} indicating that too many SPIs are
      *     currently allocated for this user
@@ -289,7 +312,11 @@
         if (requestedSpi == IpSecManager.INVALID_SECURITY_PARAMETER_INDEX) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested SPI must be a valid (non-zero) SPI");
         }
-        return new SecurityParameterIndex(mService, destinationAddress, requestedSpi);
+        try {
+            return new SecurityParameterIndex(mService, destinationAddress, requestedSpi);
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowUncheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -424,6 +451,8 @@
         // constructor takes control and closes the user's FD when we exit the method.
         try (ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.dup(socket)) {
             mService.applyTransportModeTransform(pfd, direction, transform.getResourceId());
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -482,6 +511,8 @@
     public void removeTransportModeTransforms(@NonNull FileDescriptor socket) throws IOException {
         try (ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.dup(socket)) {
             mService.removeTransportModeTransforms(pfd);
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -575,6 +606,13 @@
                 mResourceId = INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                // On close we swallow all random exceptions since failure to close is not
+                // actionable by the user.
+                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to close " + this + ", Exception=" + e);
+            } finally {
+                mResourceId = INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
+                mCloseGuard.close();
             }
 
             try {
@@ -583,7 +621,6 @@
                 Log.e(TAG, "Failed to close UDP Encapsulation Socket with Port= " + mPort);
                 throw e;
             }
-            mCloseGuard.close();
         }
 
         /** Check that the socket was closed properly. */
@@ -600,6 +637,17 @@
         public int getResourceId() {
             return mResourceId;
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return new StringBuilder()
+                .append("UdpEncapsulationSocket{port=")
+                .append(mPort)
+                .append(",resourceId=")
+                .append(mResourceId)
+                .append("}")
+                .toString();
+        }
     };
 
     /**
@@ -627,7 +675,11 @@
         if (port == 0) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Specified port must be a valid port number!");
         }
-        return new UdpEncapsulationSocket(mService, port);
+        try {
+            return new UdpEncapsulationSocket(mService, port);
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -650,7 +702,11 @@
     @NonNull
     public UdpEncapsulationSocket openUdpEncapsulationSocket()
             throws IOException, ResourceUnavailableException {
-        return new UdpEncapsulationSocket(mService, 0);
+        try {
+            return new UdpEncapsulationSocket(mService, 0);
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -667,6 +723,7 @@
      */
     @SystemApi
     public static final class IpSecTunnelInterface implements AutoCloseable {
+        private final String mOpPackageName;
         private final IIpSecService mService;
         private final InetAddress mRemoteAddress;
         private final InetAddress mLocalAddress;
@@ -688,12 +745,17 @@
          * tunneled traffic.
          *
          * @param address the local address for traffic inside the tunnel
+         * @param prefixLen length of the InetAddress prefix
          * @hide
          */
         @SystemApi
-        public void addAddress(@NonNull LinkAddress address) throws IOException {
+        @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS)
+        public void addAddress(@NonNull InetAddress address, int prefixLen) throws IOException {
             try {
-                mService.addAddressToTunnelInterface(mResourceId, address);
+                mService.addAddressToTunnelInterface(
+                        mResourceId, new LinkAddress(address, prefixLen), mOpPackageName);
+            } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
             }
@@ -705,21 +767,27 @@
          * <p>Remove an address which was previously added to the IpSecTunnelInterface
          *
          * @param address to be removed
+         * @param prefixLen length of the InetAddress prefix
          * @hide
          */
         @SystemApi
-        public void removeAddress(@NonNull LinkAddress address) throws IOException {
+        @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS)
+        public void removeAddress(@NonNull InetAddress address, int prefixLen) throws IOException {
             try {
-                mService.removeAddressFromTunnelInterface(mResourceId, address);
+                mService.removeAddressFromTunnelInterface(
+                        mResourceId, new LinkAddress(address, prefixLen), mOpPackageName);
+            } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
             }
         }
 
-        private IpSecTunnelInterface(@NonNull IIpSecService service,
+        private IpSecTunnelInterface(@NonNull Context ctx, @NonNull IIpSecService service,
                 @NonNull InetAddress localAddress, @NonNull InetAddress remoteAddress,
                 @NonNull Network underlyingNetwork)
                 throws ResourceUnavailableException, IOException {
+            mOpPackageName = ctx.getOpPackageName();
             mService = service;
             mLocalAddress = localAddress;
             mRemoteAddress = remoteAddress;
@@ -731,7 +799,8 @@
                                 localAddress.getHostAddress(),
                                 remoteAddress.getHostAddress(),
                                 underlyingNetwork,
-                                new Binder());
+                                new Binder(),
+                                mOpPackageName);
                 switch (result.status) {
                     case Status.OK:
                         break;
@@ -760,12 +829,17 @@
         @Override
         public void close() {
             try {
-                mService.deleteTunnelInterface(mResourceId);
-                mResourceId = INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
+                mService.deleteTunnelInterface(mResourceId, mOpPackageName);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                // On close we swallow all random exceptions since failure to close is not
+                // actionable by the user.
+                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to close " + this + ", Exception=" + e);
+            } finally {
+                mResourceId = INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
+                mCloseGuard.close();
             }
-            mCloseGuard.close();
         }
 
         /** Check that the Interface was closed properly. */
@@ -782,6 +856,17 @@
         public int getResourceId() {
             return mResourceId;
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return new StringBuilder()
+                .append("IpSecTunnelInterface{ifname=")
+                .append(mInterfaceName)
+                .append(",resourceId=")
+                .append(mResourceId)
+                .append("}")
+                .toString();
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -801,11 +886,16 @@
      */
     @SystemApi
     @NonNull
-    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK)
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS)
     public IpSecTunnelInterface createIpSecTunnelInterface(@NonNull InetAddress localAddress,
             @NonNull InetAddress remoteAddress, @NonNull Network underlyingNetwork)
             throws ResourceUnavailableException, IOException {
-        return new IpSecTunnelInterface(mService, localAddress, remoteAddress, underlyingNetwork);
+        try {
+            return new IpSecTunnelInterface(
+                    mContext, mService, localAddress, remoteAddress, underlyingNetwork);
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -826,12 +916,15 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
-    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK)
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS)
     public void applyTunnelModeTransform(@NonNull IpSecTunnelInterface tunnel,
             @PolicyDirection int direction, @NonNull IpSecTransform transform) throws IOException {
         try {
             mService.applyTunnelModeTransform(
-                    tunnel.getResourceId(), direction, transform.getResourceId());
+                    tunnel.getResourceId(), direction,
+                    transform.getResourceId(), mContext.getOpPackageName());
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            throw rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -843,7 +936,48 @@
      * @param context the application context for this manager
      * @hide
      */
-    public IpSecManager(IIpSecService service) {
+    public IpSecManager(Context ctx, IIpSecService service) {
+        mContext = ctx;
         mService = checkNotNull(service, "missing service");
     }
+
+    private static void maybeHandleServiceSpecificException(ServiceSpecificException sse) {
+        // OsConstants are late binding, so switch statements can't be used.
+        if (sse.errorCode == OsConstants.EINVAL) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(sse);
+        } else if (sse.errorCode == OsConstants.EAGAIN) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(sse);
+        } else if (sse.errorCode == OsConstants.EOPNOTSUPP) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(sse);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert an Errno SSE to the correct Unchecked exception type.
+     *
+     * This method never actually returns.
+     */
+    // package
+    static RuntimeException
+            rethrowUncheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(ServiceSpecificException sse) {
+        maybeHandleServiceSpecificException(sse);
+        throw new RuntimeException(sse);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert an Errno SSE to the correct Checked or Unchecked exception type.
+     *
+     * This method may throw IOException, or it may throw an unchecked exception; it will never
+     * actually return.
+     */
+    // package
+    static IOException rethrowCheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(
+            ServiceSpecificException sse) throws IOException {
+        // First see if this is an unchecked exception of a type we know.
+        // If so, then we prefer the unchecked (specific) type of exception.
+        maybeHandleServiceSpecificException(sse);
+        // If not, then all we can do is provide the SSE in the form of an IOException.
+        throw new ErrnoException(
+                "IpSec encountered errno=" + sse.errorCode, sse.errorCode).rethrowAsIOException();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/IpSecTransform.java b/core/java/android/net/IpSecTransform.java
index cf58647..23c8aa3 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/IpSecTransform.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/IpSecTransform.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceManager;
+import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
@@ -130,12 +131,15 @@
         synchronized (this) {
             try {
                 IIpSecService svc = getIpSecService();
-                IpSecTransformResponse result = svc.createTransform(mConfig, new Binder());
+                IpSecTransformResponse result = svc.createTransform(
+                        mConfig, new Binder(), mContext.getOpPackageName());
                 int status = result.status;
                 checkResultStatus(status);
                 mResourceId = result.resourceId;
                 Log.d(TAG, "Added Transform with Id " + mResourceId);
                 mCloseGuard.open("build");
+            } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                throw IpSecManager.rethrowUncheckedExceptionFromServiceSpecificException(e);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 throw e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
             }
@@ -180,6 +184,10 @@
             stopNattKeepalive();
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // On close we swallow all random exceptions since failure to close is not
+            // actionable by the user.
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to close " + this + ", Exception=" + e);
         } finally {
             mResourceId = INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
             mCloseGuard.close();
@@ -282,7 +290,7 @@
      */
     @SystemApi
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
-            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
+            android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS,
             android.Manifest.permission.PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD
     })
     public void startNattKeepalive(@NonNull NattKeepaliveCallback userCallback,
@@ -325,7 +333,7 @@
      */
     @SystemApi
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
-            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
+            android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS,
             android.Manifest.permission.PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD
     })
     public void stopNattKeepalive() {
@@ -478,7 +486,7 @@
          */
         @SystemApi
         @NonNull
-        @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK)
+        @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS)
         public IpSecTransform buildTunnelModeTransform(
                 @NonNull InetAddress sourceAddress,
                 @NonNull IpSecManager.SecurityParameterIndex spi)
@@ -506,4 +514,13 @@
             mConfig = new IpSecConfig();
         }
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return new StringBuilder()
+            .append("IpSecTransform{resourceId=")
+            .append(mResourceId)
+            .append("}")
+            .toString();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml b/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml
index 64949ce..6087229 100644
--- a/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -1311,6 +1311,13 @@
         android:label="@string/permlab_changeWifiState"
         android:protectionLevel="normal" />
 
+    <!-- @SystemApi @hide Allows apps to create and manage IPsec tunnels.
+         <p>Only granted to applications that are currently bound by the
+         system for creating and managing IPsec-based interfaces.
+    -->
+    <permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS"
+        android:protectionLevel="signature|appop" />
+
     <!-- @SystemApi @hide Allows applications to read Wi-Fi credential.
          <p>Not for use by third-party applications. -->
     <permission android:name="android.permission.READ_WIFI_CREDENTIAL"
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/IpSecService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
index 35bde8e..744ed25 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM;
 import static com.android.internal.util.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
 
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.IIpSecService;
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@
 import android.net.TrafficStats;
 import android.net.util.NetdService;
 import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.DeadSystemException;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
@@ -973,6 +976,13 @@
         return service;
     }
 
+    @NonNull
+    private AppOpsManager getAppOpsManager() {
+        AppOpsManager appOps = (AppOpsManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE);
+        if(appOps == null) throw new RuntimeException("System Server couldn't get AppOps");
+        return appOps;
+    }
+
     /** @hide */
     @VisibleForTesting
     public IpSecService(Context context, IpSecServiceConfiguration config) {
@@ -1090,9 +1100,11 @@
                     new RefcountedResource<SpiRecord>(
                             new SpiRecord(resourceId, "", destinationAddress, spi), binder));
         } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            // TODO: Add appropriate checks when other ServiceSpecificException types are supported
-            return new IpSecSpiResponse(
-                    IpSecManager.Status.SPI_UNAVAILABLE, INVALID_RESOURCE_ID, spi);
+            if (e.errorCode == OsConstants.ENOENT) {
+                return new IpSecSpiResponse(
+                        IpSecManager.Status.SPI_UNAVAILABLE, INVALID_RESOURCE_ID, spi);
+            }
+            throw e;
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -1104,7 +1116,6 @@
      */
     private void releaseResource(RefcountedResourceArray resArray, int resourceId)
             throws RemoteException {
-
         resArray.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(resourceId).userRelease();
     }
 
@@ -1239,7 +1250,9 @@
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelInterface(
-            String localAddr, String remoteAddr, Network underlyingNetwork, IBinder binder) {
+            String localAddr, String remoteAddr, Network underlyingNetwork, IBinder binder,
+            String callingPackage) {
+        enforceTunnelPermissions(callingPackage);
         checkNotNull(binder, "Null Binder passed to createTunnelInterface");
         checkNotNull(underlyingNetwork, "No underlying network was specified");
         checkInetAddress(localAddr);
@@ -1302,15 +1315,12 @@
             releaseNetId(ikey);
             releaseNetId(okey);
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            // FIXME: get the error code and throw is at an IOException from Errno Exception
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            // Release keys if we got an error.
+            releaseNetId(ikey);
+            releaseNetId(okey);
+            throw t;
         }
-
-        // If we make it to here, then something has gone wrong and we couldn't create a VTI.
-        // Release the keys that we reserved, and return an error status.
-        releaseNetId(ikey);
-        releaseNetId(okey);
-        return new IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse(IpSecManager.Status.RESOURCE_UNAVAILABLE);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1319,8 +1329,8 @@
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized void addAddressToTunnelInterface(
-            int tunnelResourceId, LinkAddress localAddr) {
-        enforceNetworkStackPermission();
+            int tunnelResourceId, LinkAddress localAddr, String callingPackage) {
+        enforceTunnelPermissions(callingPackage);
         UserRecord userRecord = mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Binder.getCallingUid());
 
         // Get tunnelInterface record; if no such interface is found, will throw
@@ -1339,9 +1349,6 @@
                             localAddr.getPrefixLength());
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            // If we get here, one of the arguments provided was invalid. Wrap the SSE, and throw.
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1351,10 +1358,10 @@
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized void removeAddressFromTunnelInterface(
-            int tunnelResourceId, LinkAddress localAddr) {
-        enforceNetworkStackPermission();
-        UserRecord userRecord = mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Binder.getCallingUid());
+            int tunnelResourceId, LinkAddress localAddr, String callingPackage) {
+        enforceTunnelPermissions(callingPackage);
 
+        UserRecord userRecord = mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Binder.getCallingUid());
         // Get tunnelInterface record; if no such interface is found, will throw
         // IllegalArgumentException
         TunnelInterfaceRecord tunnelInterfaceInfo =
@@ -1371,9 +1378,6 @@
                             localAddr.getPrefixLength());
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            // If we get here, one of the arguments provided was invalid. Wrap the SSE, and throw.
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1382,7 +1386,9 @@
      * server
      */
     @Override
-    public synchronized void deleteTunnelInterface(int resourceId) throws RemoteException {
+    public synchronized void deleteTunnelInterface(
+            int resourceId, String callingPackage) throws RemoteException {
+        enforceTunnelPermissions(callingPackage);
         UserRecord userRecord = mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Binder.getCallingUid());
         releaseResource(userRecord.mTunnelInterfaceRecords, resourceId);
     }
@@ -1468,7 +1474,6 @@
             case IpSecTransform.MODE_TRANSPORT:
                 break;
             case IpSecTransform.MODE_TUNNEL:
-                enforceNetworkStackPermission();
                 break;
             default:
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
@@ -1476,9 +1481,24 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void enforceNetworkStackPermission() {
-        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
-                "IpSecService");
+    private static final String TUNNEL_OP = "STOPSHIP"; // = AppOpsManager.OP_MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS;
+
+    private void enforceTunnelPermissions(String callingPackage) {
+        checkNotNull(callingPackage, "Null calling package cannot create IpSec tunnels");
+        if (false) { // STOPSHIP if this line is present
+            switch (getAppOpsManager().noteOp(
+                        TUNNEL_OP,
+                        Binder.getCallingUid(), callingPackage)) {
+                case AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT:
+                    mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                            android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS, "IpSecService");
+                    break;
+                case AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED:
+                    return;
+                default:
+                    throw new SecurityException("Request to ignore AppOps for non-legacy API");
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     private void createOrUpdateTransform(
@@ -1534,8 +1554,12 @@
      * result in all of those sockets becoming unable to send or receive data.
      */
     @Override
-    public synchronized IpSecTransformResponse createTransform(IpSecConfig c, IBinder binder)
-            throws RemoteException {
+    public synchronized IpSecTransformResponse createTransform(
+            IpSecConfig c, IBinder binder, String callingPackage) throws RemoteException {
+        checkNotNull(c);
+        if (c.getMode() == IpSecTransform.MODE_TUNNEL) {
+            enforceTunnelPermissions(callingPackage);
+        }
         checkIpSecConfig(c);
         checkNotNull(binder, "Null Binder passed to createTransform");
         final int resourceId = mNextResourceId++;
@@ -1561,12 +1585,7 @@
         dependencies.add(refcountedSpiRecord);
         SpiRecord spiRecord = refcountedSpiRecord.getResource();
 
-        try {
-            createOrUpdateTransform(c, resourceId, spiRecord, socketRecord);
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            // FIXME: get the error code and throw is at an IOException from Errno Exception
-            return new IpSecTransformResponse(IpSecManager.Status.RESOURCE_UNAVAILABLE);
-        }
+        createOrUpdateTransform(c, resourceId, spiRecord, socketRecord);
 
         // SA was created successfully, time to construct a record and lock it away
         userRecord.mTransformRecords.put(
@@ -1613,23 +1632,15 @@
                 c.getMode() == IpSecTransform.MODE_TRANSPORT,
                 "Transform mode was not Transport mode; cannot be applied to a socket");
 
-        try {
-            mSrvConfig
-                    .getNetdInstance()
-                    .ipSecApplyTransportModeTransform(
-                            socket.getFileDescriptor(),
-                            resourceId,
-                            direction,
-                            c.getSourceAddress(),
-                            c.getDestinationAddress(),
-                            info.getSpiRecord().getSpi());
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            if (e.errorCode == EINVAL) {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
-            } else {
-                throw e;
-            }
-        }
+        mSrvConfig
+                .getNetdInstance()
+                .ipSecApplyTransportModeTransform(
+                        socket.getFileDescriptor(),
+                        resourceId,
+                        direction,
+                        c.getSourceAddress(),
+                        c.getDestinationAddress(),
+                        info.getSpiRecord().getSpi());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1641,13 +1652,9 @@
     @Override
     public synchronized void removeTransportModeTransforms(ParcelFileDescriptor socket)
             throws RemoteException {
-        try {
-            mSrvConfig
-                    .getNetdInstance()
-                    .ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(socket.getFileDescriptor());
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            // FIXME: get the error code and throw is at an IOException from Errno Exception
-        }
+        mSrvConfig
+                .getNetdInstance()
+                .ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(socket.getFileDescriptor());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1656,8 +1663,9 @@
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized void applyTunnelModeTransform(
-            int tunnelResourceId, int direction, int transformResourceId) throws RemoteException {
-        enforceNetworkStackPermission();
+            int tunnelResourceId, int direction,
+            int transformResourceId, String callingPackage) throws RemoteException {
+        enforceTunnelPermissions(callingPackage);
         checkDirection(direction);
 
         UserRecord userRecord = mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Binder.getCallingUid());
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java
index 9191bd3..8160924 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
+import android.test.mock.MockContext;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 import android.system.Os;
@@ -70,11 +71,17 @@
 
     private IpSecService mMockIpSecService;
     private IpSecManager mIpSecManager;
+    private MockContext mMockContext = new MockContext() {
+        @Override
+        public String getOpPackageName() {
+            return "fooPackage";
+        }
+    };
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         mMockIpSecService = mock(IpSecService.class);
-        mIpSecManager = new IpSecManager(mMockIpSecService);
+        mIpSecManager = new IpSecManager(mMockContext, mMockIpSecService);
     }
 
     /*
@@ -255,7 +262,7 @@
                 new IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse(IpSecManager.Status.OK, resourceId, intfName);
         when(mMockIpSecService.createTunnelInterface(
                 eq(VTI_LOCAL_ADDRESS.getHostAddress()), eq(GOOGLE_DNS_4.getHostAddress()),
-                anyObject(), anyObject()))
+                anyObject(), anyObject(), anyString()))
                         .thenReturn(dummyResponse);
 
         IpSecManager.IpSecTunnelInterface tunnelIntf = mIpSecManager.createIpSecTunnelInterface(
@@ -273,7 +280,7 @@
         assertEquals(VTI_INTF_NAME, tunnelIntf.getInterfaceName());
 
         tunnelIntf.close();
-        verify(mMockIpSecService).deleteTunnelInterface(eq(DUMMY_RESOURCE_ID));
+        verify(mMockIpSecService).deleteTunnelInterface(eq(DUMMY_RESOURCE_ID), anyString());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -281,12 +288,16 @@
         IpSecManager.IpSecTunnelInterface tunnelIntf =
                 createAndValidateVti(DUMMY_RESOURCE_ID, VTI_INTF_NAME);
 
-        tunnelIntf.addAddress(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS);
+        tunnelIntf.addAddress(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS.getAddress(),
+                VTI_INNER_ADDRESS.getPrefixLength());
         verify(mMockIpSecService)
-                .addAddressToTunnelInterface(eq(DUMMY_RESOURCE_ID), eq(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS));
+                .addAddressToTunnelInterface(
+                        eq(DUMMY_RESOURCE_ID), eq(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS), anyString());
 
-        tunnelIntf.removeAddress(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS);
+        tunnelIntf.removeAddress(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS.getAddress(),
+                VTI_INNER_ADDRESS.getPrefixLength());
         verify(mMockIpSecService)
-                .addAddressToTunnelInterface(eq(DUMMY_RESOURCE_ID), eq(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS));
+                .addAddressToTunnelInterface(
+                        eq(DUMMY_RESOURCE_ID), eq(VTI_INNER_ADDRESS), anyString());
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
index 410f754..102cb7c 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.IpSecAlgorithm;
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+import android.test.mock.MockContext;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.system.Os;
 
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@
 import java.util.Collection;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
@@ -92,7 +95,28 @@
         0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7F
     };
 
-    Context mMockContext;
+    AppOpsManager mMockAppOps = mock(AppOpsManager.class);
+
+    MockContext mMockContext = new MockContext() {
+        @Override
+        public Object getSystemService(String name) {
+            switch(name) {
+                case Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE:
+                    return mMockAppOps;
+                default:
+                    return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission, String message) {
+            if (permission == android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS) {
+                return;
+            }
+            throw new SecurityException("Unavailable permission requested");
+        }
+    };
+
     INetd mMockNetd;
     IpSecService.IpSecServiceConfiguration mMockIpSecSrvConfig;
     IpSecService mIpSecService;
@@ -114,13 +138,22 @@
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
-        mMockContext = mock(Context.class);
         mMockNetd = mock(INetd.class);
         mMockIpSecSrvConfig = mock(IpSecService.IpSecServiceConfiguration.class);
         mIpSecService = new IpSecService(mMockContext, mMockIpSecSrvConfig);
 
         // Injecting mock netd
         when(mMockIpSecSrvConfig.getNetdInstance()).thenReturn(mMockNetd);
+        // A package granted the AppOp for MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS will be MODE_ALLOWED.
+        when(mMockAppOps.noteOp(anyInt(), anyInt(), eq("blessedPackage")))
+            .thenReturn(AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED);
+        // A system package will not be granted the app op, so this should fall back to
+        // a permissions check, which should pass.
+        when(mMockAppOps.noteOp(anyInt(), anyInt(), eq("systemPackage")))
+            .thenReturn(AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT);
+        // A mismatch between the package name and the UID will return MODE_IGNORED.
+        when(mMockAppOps.noteOp(anyInt(), anyInt(), eq("badPackage")))
+            .thenReturn(AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -232,7 +265,7 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
@@ -267,7 +300,7 @@
         ipSecConfig.setAuthenticatedEncryption(AEAD_ALGO);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
@@ -301,12 +334,12 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
 
         // Attempting to create transform a second time with the same SPIs should throw an error...
         try {
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
                 fail("IpSecService should have thrown an error for reuse of SPI");
         } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
         }
@@ -314,7 +347,7 @@
         // ... even if the transform is deleted
         mIpSecService.deleteTransform(createTransformResp.resourceId);
         try {
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
                 fail("IpSecService should have thrown an error for reuse of SPI");
         } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
         }
@@ -327,7 +360,7 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
                 mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
         assertEquals(1, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
@@ -351,7 +384,7 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         mIpSecService.deleteTransform(createTransformResp.resourceId);
 
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1))
@@ -398,7 +431,7 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
 
         IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
                 mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
@@ -435,7 +468,7 @@
         addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
-                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder());
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(new Socket());
 
         int resourceId = createTransformResp.resourceId;
@@ -460,10 +493,10 @@
     }
 
     private IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createAndValidateTunnel(
-            String localAddr, String remoteAddr) {
+            String localAddr, String remoteAddr, String pkgName) {
         IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
                 mIpSecService.createTunnelInterface(
-                        mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, fakeNetwork, new Binder());
+                        mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, fakeNetwork, new Binder(), pkgName);
 
         assertNotNull(createTunnelResp);
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTunnelResp.status);
@@ -473,7 +506,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testCreateTunnelInterface() throws Exception {
         IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
-                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr);
+                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
 
         // Check that we have stored the tracking object, and retrieve it
         IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
@@ -495,12 +528,12 @@
     @Test
     public void testDeleteTunnelInterface() throws Exception {
         IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
-                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr);
+                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
 
         IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
                 mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
 
-        mIpSecService.deleteTunnelInterface(createTunnelResp.resourceId);
+        mIpSecService.deleteTunnelInterface(createTunnelResp.resourceId, "blessedPackage");
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mTunnelQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
@@ -516,7 +549,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testTunnelInterfaceBinderDeath() throws Exception {
         IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
-                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr);
+                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
 
         IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
                 mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
@@ -539,22 +572,35 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testAddRemoveAddressFromTunnelInterface() throws Exception {
-        IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
-                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr);
+        for (String pkgName : new String[]{"blessedPackage", "systemPackage"}) {
+            IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
+                    createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, pkgName);
+            mIpSecService.addAddressToTunnelInterface(
+                    createTunnelResp.resourceId, mLocalInnerAddress, pkgName);
+            verify(mMockNetd, times(1))
+                    .interfaceAddAddress(
+                            eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName),
+                            eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress()),
+                            eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getPrefixLength()));
+            mIpSecService.removeAddressFromTunnelInterface(
+                    createTunnelResp.resourceId, mLocalInnerAddress, pkgName);
+            verify(mMockNetd, times(1))
+                    .interfaceDelAddress(
+                            eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName),
+                            eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress()),
+                            eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getPrefixLength()));
+            mIpSecService.deleteTunnelInterface(createTunnelResp.resourceId, pkgName);
+        }
+    }
 
-        mIpSecService.addAddressToTunnelInterface(createTunnelResp.resourceId, mLocalInnerAddress);
-        verify(mMockNetd)
-                .interfaceAddAddress(
-                        eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName),
-                        eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress()),
-                        eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getPrefixLength()));
-
-        mIpSecService.removeAddressFromTunnelInterface(
-                createTunnelResp.resourceId, mLocalInnerAddress);
-        verify(mMockNetd)
-                .interfaceDelAddress(
-                        eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName),
-                        eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress()),
-                        eq(mLocalInnerAddress.getPrefixLength()));
+    @Ignore
+    @Test
+    public void testAddTunnelFailsForBadPackageName() throws Exception {
+        try {
+            IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
+                    createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "badPackage");
+            fail("Expected a SecurityException for badPackage.");
+        } catch (SecurityException expected) {
+        }
     }
 }