diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothA2dpSink.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothA2dpSink.java
index 9dfc4b4..4ebef4f 100755
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothA2dpSink.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothA2dpSink.java
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
 
     private Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
-    private IBluetoothA2dpSink mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothA2dpSink mService;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
 
     final private IBluetoothStateChangeCallback mBluetoothStateChangeCallback =
@@ -239,16 +239,16 @@
      */
     public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("connect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.connect(device);
+                return service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -280,16 +280,16 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -298,15 +298,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -315,15 +316,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (VDBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -332,16 +334,16 @@
      */
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()
-            && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -358,16 +360,16 @@
      */
           public BluetoothAudioConfig getAudioConfig(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getAudioConfig(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()
-            && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getAudioConfig(device);
+                return service.getAudioConfig(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return null;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return null;
     }
 
@@ -388,21 +390,21 @@
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) log("setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()
-            && isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON){
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
                 return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                    return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
-            return false;
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -420,16 +422,16 @@
      */
     public int getPriority(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getPriority(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()
-            && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF;
     }
 
@@ -441,16 +443,16 @@
      * @param device BluetoothDevice device
      */
     public boolean isA2dpPlaying(BluetoothDevice device) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()
-            && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothA2dpSink service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.isA2dpPlaying(device);
+                return service.isA2dpPlaying(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -483,7 +485,6 @@
         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Proxy object connected");
             mService = IBluetoothA2dpSink.Stub.asInterface(Binder.allowBlocking(service));
-
             if (mServiceListener != null) {
                 mServiceListener.onServiceConnected(BluetoothProfile.A2DP_SINK,
                         BluetoothA2dpSink.this);
@@ -499,15 +500,11 @@
     };
 
     private boolean isEnabled() {
-       if (mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) return true;
-       return false;
+        return mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
     private static void log(String msg) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAvrcpController.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAvrcpController.java
index 0261b1b..a04f110 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAvrcpController.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAvrcpController.java
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
-import android.media.MediaMetadata;
-import android.media.session.PlaybackState;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
@@ -83,7 +81,7 @@
 
     private Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
-    private IBluetoothAvrcpController mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothAvrcpController mService;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
 
     final private IBluetoothStateChangeCallback mBluetoothStateChangeCallback =
@@ -180,15 +178,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothAvrcpController service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -197,15 +196,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (VDBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothAvrcpController service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -214,16 +214,16 @@
      */
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()
-            && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothAvrcpController service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -235,9 +235,10 @@
     public BluetoothAvrcpPlayerSettings getPlayerSettings(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "getPlayerSettings");
         BluetoothAvrcpPlayerSettings settings = null;
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothAvrcpController service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                settings = mService.getPlayerSettings(device);
+                settings = service.getPlayerSettings(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Error talking to BT service in getMetadata() " + e);
                 return null;
@@ -252,15 +253,16 @@
      */
     public boolean setPlayerApplicationSetting(BluetoothAvrcpPlayerSettings plAppSetting) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "setPlayerApplicationSetting");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothAvrcpController service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.setPlayerApplicationSetting(plAppSetting);
+                return service.setPlayerApplicationSetting(plAppSetting);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Error talking to BT service in setPlayerApplicationSetting() " + e);
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -269,24 +271,25 @@
      * possible keycode values: next_grp, previous_grp defined above
      */
     public void sendGroupNavigationCmd(BluetoothDevice device, int keyCode, int keyState) {
-        Log.d(TAG, "sendGroupNavigationCmd dev = " + device + " key " + keyCode + " State = " + keyState);
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "sendGroupNavigationCmd dev = " + device + " key " + keyCode + " State = "
+                + keyState);
+        final IBluetoothAvrcpController service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mService.sendGroupNavigationCmd(device, keyCode, keyState);
+                service.sendGroupNavigationCmd(device, keyCode, keyState);
                 return;
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Error talking to BT service in sendGroupNavigationCmd()", e);
                 return;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
     }
 
     private final ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Proxy object connected");
             mService = IBluetoothAvrcpController.Stub.asInterface(Binder.allowBlocking(service));
-
             if (mServiceListener != null) {
                 mServiceListener.onServiceConnected(BluetoothProfile.AVRCP_CONTROLLER,
                         BluetoothAvrcpController.this);
@@ -302,15 +305,11 @@
     };
 
     private boolean isEnabled() {
-       if (mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) return true;
-       return false;
+        return mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
     private static void log(String msg) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java
index a206b53..98cd319 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java
@@ -23,10 +23,9 @@
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.os.Handler;
-import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.Parcel;
-import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
@@ -683,7 +682,7 @@
      * getService() called.
      * TODO: Unify implementation of sService amongst BluetoothFoo API's
      */
-    private static IBluetooth sService;
+    private static volatile IBluetooth sService;
 
     private final String mAddress;
 
@@ -803,13 +802,16 @@
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
     public String getName() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot get Remote Device name");
             return null;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getRemoteName(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.getRemoteName(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return null;
     }
 
@@ -822,13 +824,16 @@
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
     public int getType() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot get Remote Device type");
             return DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getRemoteType(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.getRemoteType(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
     }
 
@@ -840,13 +845,16 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public String getAlias() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot get Remote Device Alias");
             return null;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getRemoteAlias(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.getRemoteAlias(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return null;
     }
 
@@ -861,13 +869,16 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean setAlias(String alias) {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot set Remote Device name");
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.setRemoteAlias(this, alias);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.setRemoteAlias(this, alias);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -899,13 +910,16 @@
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
     public int getBatteryLevel() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "Bluetooth disabled. Cannot get remote device battery level");
             return BATTERY_LEVEL_UNKNOWN;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getBatteryLevel(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.getBatteryLevel(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return BATTERY_LEVEL_UNKNOWN;
     }
 
@@ -921,16 +935,19 @@
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN)
     public boolean createBond() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot create bond to Remote Device");
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            Log.i(TAG, "createBond() for device " + getAddress() +
-                    " called by pid: " + Process.myPid() +
-                    " tid: " + Process.myTid());
-            return sService.createBond(this, TRANSPORT_AUTO);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            Log.i(TAG, "createBond() for device " + getAddress()
+                    + " called by pid: " + Process.myPid()
+                    + " tid: " + Process.myTid());
+            return service.createBond(this, TRANSPORT_AUTO);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -951,7 +968,8 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean createBond(int transport) {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot create bond to Remote Device");
             return false;
         }
@@ -960,11 +978,13 @@
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(transport + " is not a valid Bluetooth transport");
         }
         try {
-            Log.i(TAG, "createBond() for device " + getAddress() +
-                    " called by pid: " + Process.myPid() +
-                    " tid: " + Process.myTid());
-            return sService.createBond(this, transport);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            Log.i(TAG, "createBond() for device " + getAddress()
+                    + " called by pid: " + Process.myPid()
+                    + " tid: " + Process.myTid());
+            return service.createBond(this, transport);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -988,17 +1008,31 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean createBondOutOfBand(int transport, OobData oobData) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "BT not enabled, createBondOutOfBand failed");
+            return false;
+        }
         try {
-            return sService.createBondOutOfBand(this, transport, oobData);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.createBondOutOfBand(this, transport, oobData);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
     /** @hide */
     public boolean isBondingInitiatedLocally() {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "BT not enabled, isBondingInitiatedLocally failed");
+            return false;
+        }
         try {
-            return sService.isBondingInitiatedLocally(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.isBondingInitiatedLocally(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1032,16 +1066,19 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean cancelBondProcess() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot cancel Remote Device bond");
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            Log.i(TAG, "cancelBondProcess() for device " + getAddress() +
-                    " called by pid: " + Process.myPid() +
-                    " tid: " + Process.myTid());
-            return sService.cancelBondProcess(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            Log.i(TAG, "cancelBondProcess() for device " + getAddress()
+                    + " called by pid: " + Process.myPid()
+                    + " tid: " + Process.myTid());
+            return service.cancelBondProcess(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1056,16 +1093,19 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean removeBond() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot remove Remote Device bond");
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            Log.i(TAG, "removeBond() for device " + getAddress() +
-                    " called by pid: " + Process.myPid() +
-                    " tid: " + Process.myTid());
-            return sService.removeBond(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            Log.i(TAG, "removeBond() for device " + getAddress()
+                    + " called by pid: " + Process.myPid()
+                    + " tid: " + Process.myTid());
+            return service.removeBond(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1080,18 +1120,15 @@
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
     public int getBondState() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot get bond state");
             return BOND_NONE;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getBondState(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
-        catch (NullPointerException npe) {
-            // Handle case where bluetooth service proxy
-            // is already null.
-            Log.e(TAG, "NullPointerException for getBondState() of device ("+
-                getAddress()+")", npe);
+            return service.getBondState(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
         }
         return BOND_NONE;
     }
@@ -1105,12 +1142,13 @@
      */
     @SystemApi
     public boolean isConnected() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             // BT is not enabled, we cannot be connected.
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getConnectionState(this) != CONNECTION_STATE_DISCONNECTED;
+            return service.getConnectionState(this) != CONNECTION_STATE_DISCONNECTED;
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
             return false;
@@ -1127,12 +1165,13 @@
      */
     @SystemApi
     public boolean isEncrypted() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             // BT is not enabled, we cannot be connected.
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getConnectionState(this) > CONNECTION_STATE_CONNECTED;
+            return service.getConnectionState(this) > CONNECTION_STATE_CONNECTED;
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
             return false;
@@ -1146,12 +1185,13 @@
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
     public BluetoothClass getBluetoothClass() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot get Bluetooth Class");
             return null;
         }
         try {
-            int classInt = sService.getRemoteClass(this);
+            int classInt = service.getRemoteClass(this);
             if (classInt == BluetoothClass.ERROR) return null;
             return new BluetoothClass(classInt);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
@@ -1170,75 +1210,82 @@
      *         or null on error
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
-     public ParcelUuid[] getUuids() {
-         if (sService == null || isBluetoothEnabled() == false) {
+    public ParcelUuid[] getUuids() {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null || !isBluetoothEnabled()) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot get remote device Uuids");
              return null;
          }
         try {
-            return sService.getRemoteUuids(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.getRemoteUuids(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return null;
     }
 
-     /**
-      * Perform a service discovery on the remote device to get the UUIDs supported.
-      *
-      * <p>This API is asynchronous and {@link #ACTION_UUID} intent is sent,
-      * with the UUIDs supported by the remote end. If there is an error
-      * in getting the SDP records or if the process takes a long time,
-      * {@link #ACTION_UUID} intent is sent with the UUIDs that is currently
-      * present in the cache. Clients should use the {@link #getUuids} to get UUIDs
-      * if service discovery is not to be performed.
-      *
-      * @return False if the sanity check fails, True if the process
-      *               of initiating an ACL connection to the remote device
-      *               was started.
-      */
-     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
-     public boolean fetchUuidsWithSdp() {
-        IBluetooth service = sService;
-        if (service == null || isBluetoothEnabled() == false) {
+    /**
+     * Perform a service discovery on the remote device to get the UUIDs supported.
+     *
+     * <p>This API is asynchronous and {@link #ACTION_UUID} intent is sent,
+     * with the UUIDs supported by the remote end. If there is an error
+     * in getting the SDP records or if the process takes a long time,
+     * {@link #ACTION_UUID} intent is sent with the UUIDs that is currently
+     * present in the cache. Clients should use the {@link #getUuids} to get UUIDs
+     * if service discovery is not to be performed.
+     *
+     * @return False if the sanity check fails, True if the process of initiating an ACL connection
+     * to the remote device was started.
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH)
+    public boolean fetchUuidsWithSdp() {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null || !isBluetoothEnabled()) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot fetchUuidsWithSdp");
             return false;
         }
         try {
             return service.fetchRemoteUuids(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
-            return false;
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
+        return false;
     }
 
-     /**
-      * Perform a service discovery on the remote device to get the SDP records associated
-      * with the specified UUID.
-      *
-      * <p>This API is asynchronous and {@link #ACTION_SDP_RECORD} intent is sent,
-      * with the SDP records found on the remote end. If there is an error
-      * in getting the SDP records or if the process takes a long time,
-      * {@link #ACTION_SDP_RECORD} intent is sent with an status value in
-      * {@link #EXTRA_SDP_SEARCH_STATUS} different from 0.
-      * Detailed status error codes can be found by members of the Bluetooth package in
-      * the AbstractionLayer class.
-      * <p>Requires {@link android.Manifest.permission#BLUETOOTH}.
-      * The SDP record data will be stored in the intent as {@link #EXTRA_SDP_RECORD}.
-      * The object type will match one of the SdpXxxRecord types, depending on the UUID searched
-      * for.
-      *
-      * @return False if the sanity check fails, True if the process
-      *               of initiating an ACL connection to the remote device
-      *               was started.
-      */
-     /** @hide */
-     public boolean sdpSearch(ParcelUuid uuid) {
-         if (sService == null) {
-             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot query remote device sdp records");
-             return false;
-         }
-         try {
-             return sService.sdpSearch(this,uuid);
-         } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
-         return false;
-     }
+    /**
+     * Perform a service discovery on the remote device to get the SDP records associated
+     * with the specified UUID.
+     *
+     * <p>This API is asynchronous and {@link #ACTION_SDP_RECORD} intent is sent,
+     * with the SDP records found on the remote end. If there is an error
+     * in getting the SDP records or if the process takes a long time,
+     * {@link #ACTION_SDP_RECORD} intent is sent with an status value in
+     * {@link #EXTRA_SDP_SEARCH_STATUS} different from 0.
+     * Detailed status error codes can be found by members of the Bluetooth package in
+     * the AbstractionLayer class.
+     * <p>Requires {@link android.Manifest.permission#BLUETOOTH}.
+     * The SDP record data will be stored in the intent as {@link #EXTRA_SDP_RECORD}.
+     * The object type will match one of the SdpXxxRecord types, depending on the UUID searched
+     * for.
+     *
+     * @return False if the sanity check fails, True if the process
+     *               of initiating an ACL connection to the remote device
+     *               was started.
+     */
+    /** @hide */
+    public boolean sdpSearch(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot query remote device sdp records");
+            return false;
+        }
+        try {
+            return service.sdpSearch(this, uuid);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Set the pin during pairing when the pairing method is {@link #PAIRING_VARIANT_PIN}
@@ -1248,13 +1295,16 @@
      *         false for error
      */
     public boolean setPin(byte[] pin) {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot set Remote Device pin");
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.setPin(this, true, pin.length, pin);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.setPin(this, true, pin.length, pin);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1276,13 +1326,16 @@
      */
     @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED)
     public boolean setPairingConfirmation(boolean confirm) {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot set pairing confirmation");
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.setPairingConfirmation(this, confirm);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.setPairingConfirmation(this, confirm);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1298,13 +1351,16 @@
 
     /** @hide */
     public boolean cancelPairingUserInput() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BT not enabled. Cannot create pairing user input");
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.cancelBondProcess(this);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, "", e);}
+            return service.cancelBondProcess(this);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "", e);
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1334,11 +1390,12 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public int getPhonebookAccessPermission() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             return ACCESS_UNKNOWN;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getPhonebookAccessPermission(this);
+            return service.getPhonebookAccessPermission(this);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
         }
@@ -1354,11 +1411,12 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean setPhonebookAccessPermission(int value) {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.setPhonebookAccessPermission(this, value);
+            return service.setPhonebookAccessPermission(this, value);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
         }
@@ -1372,11 +1430,12 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public int getMessageAccessPermission() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             return ACCESS_UNKNOWN;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getMessageAccessPermission(this);
+            return service.getMessageAccessPermission(this);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
         }
@@ -1392,11 +1451,12 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean setMessageAccessPermission(int value) {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.setMessageAccessPermission(this, value);
+            return service.setMessageAccessPermission(this, value);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
         }
@@ -1410,11 +1470,12 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public int getSimAccessPermission() {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             return ACCESS_UNKNOWN;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.getSimAccessPermission(this);
+            return service.getSimAccessPermission(this);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
         }
@@ -1430,11 +1491,12 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean setSimAccessPermission(int value) {
-        if (sService == null) {
+        final IBluetooth service = sService;
+        if (service == null) {
             return false;
         }
         try {
-            return sService.setSimAccessPermission(this, value);
+            return service.setSimAccessPermission(this, value);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "", e);
         }
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadset.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadset.java
index c84643f..500cba3 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadset.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadset.java
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@
 
     private Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
-    private IBluetoothHeadset mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothHeadset mService;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
 
     final private IBluetoothStateChangeCallback mBluetoothStateChangeCallback =
@@ -411,16 +411,16 @@
      */
     public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("connect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.connect(device);
+                return service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -452,16 +452,16 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
               return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -470,15 +470,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -487,15 +488,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (VDBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -504,16 +506,16 @@
      */
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectionState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -534,20 +536,20 @@
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) log("setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
-              return false;
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
+                return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -566,16 +568,16 @@
      */
     public int getPriority(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getPriority(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return PRIORITY_OFF;
     }
 
@@ -602,15 +604,15 @@
      */
     public boolean startVoiceRecognition(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("startVoiceRecognition()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.startVoiceRecognition(device);
+                return service.startVoiceRecognition(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -626,15 +628,15 @@
      */
     public boolean stopVoiceRecognition(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("stopVoiceRecognition()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.stopVoiceRecognition(device);
+                return service.stopVoiceRecognition(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -649,15 +651,15 @@
      */
     public boolean isAudioConnected(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("isAudioConnected()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-              return mService.isAudioConnected(device);
+                return service.isAudioConnected(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -677,15 +679,15 @@
      */
     public int getBatteryUsageHint(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getBatteryUsageHint()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getBatteryUsageHint(device);
+                return service.getBatteryUsageHint(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -708,10 +710,13 @@
      */
     public boolean acceptIncomingConnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("acceptIncomingConnect");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.acceptIncomingConnect(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.acceptIncomingConnect(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -725,10 +730,13 @@
      */
     public boolean rejectIncomingConnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("rejectIncomingConnect");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.rejectIncomingConnect(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.rejectIncomingConnect(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -744,10 +752,13 @@
      */
     public int getAudioState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getAudioState");
-        if (mService != null && !isDisabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && !isDisabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getAudioState(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getAudioState(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -768,10 +779,13 @@
      */
     public void setAudioRouteAllowed(boolean allowed) {
         if (VDBG) log("setAudioRouteAllowed");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mService.setAudioRouteAllowed(allowed);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                service.setAudioRouteAllowed(allowed);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -786,10 +800,13 @@
      */
     public boolean getAudioRouteAllowed() {
         if (VDBG) log("getAudioRouteAllowed");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getAudioRouteAllowed();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getAudioRouteAllowed();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -807,9 +824,10 @@
      */
     public void setForceScoAudio(boolean forced) {
         if (VDBG) log("setForceScoAudio " + String.valueOf(forced));
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mService.setForceScoAudio(forced);
+                service.setForceScoAudio(forced);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -830,14 +848,15 @@
      */
     public boolean isAudioOn() {
         if (VDBG) log("isAudioOn()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-              return mService.isAudioOn();
+                return service.isAudioOn();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
 
     }
@@ -852,9 +871,10 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean connectAudio() {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.connectAudio();
+                return service.connectAudio();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -875,9 +895,10 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean disconnectAudio() {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnectAudio();
+                return service.disconnectAudio();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -901,9 +922,10 @@
      */
     public boolean startScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("startScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.startScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(device);
+                return service.startScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -924,9 +946,10 @@
      */
     public boolean stopScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("stopScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.stopScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(device);
+                return service.stopScoUsingVirtualVoiceCall(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -946,10 +969,11 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public void phoneStateChanged(int numActive, int numHeld, int callState, String number,
-                                  int type) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+            int type) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mService.phoneStateChanged(numActive, numHeld, callState, number, type);
+                service.phoneStateChanged(numActive, numHeld, callState, number, type);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -965,10 +989,11 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public void clccResponse(int index, int direction, int status, int mode, boolean mpty,
-                             String number, int type) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+            String number, int type) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mService.clccResponse(index, direction, status, mode, mpty, number, type);
+                service.clccResponse(index, direction, status, mode, mpty, number, type);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -1004,15 +1029,15 @@
         if (command == null) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("command is null");
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.sendVendorSpecificResultCode(device, command, arg);
+                return service.sendVendorSpecificResultCode(device, command, arg);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return false;
@@ -1027,9 +1052,10 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean enableWBS() {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.enableWBS();
+                return service.enableWBS();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -1049,9 +1075,10 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean disableWBS() {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.disableWBS();
+                return service.disableWBS();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -1078,16 +1105,17 @@
      * Send Headset the BIND response from AG to report change in the status of the
      * HF indicators to the headset
      *
-     * @param ind_id Assigned Number of the indicator (defined by SIG)
-     * @param ind_status
+     * @param indId Assigned Number of the indicator (defined by SIG)
+     * @param indStatus
      * possible values- false-Indicator is disabled, no value changes shall be sent for this indicator
      *                  true-Indicator is enabled, value changes may be sent for this indicator
      * @hide
      */
-    public void bindResponse(int ind_id, boolean ind_status) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+    public void bindResponse(int indId, boolean indStatus) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadset service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mService.bindResponse(ind_id, ind_status);
+                service.bindResponse(indId, indStatus);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -1116,20 +1144,15 @@
     };
 
     private boolean isEnabled() {
-       if (mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) return true;
-       return false;
+        return mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
     }
 
     private boolean isDisabled() {
-       if (mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF) return true;
-       return false;
+        return mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
     private static void log(String msg) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadsetClient.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadsetClient.java
index 544b3b95..73a16de 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadsetClient.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHeadsetClient.java
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.UUID;
 
 /**
  * Public API to control Hands Free Profile (HFP role only).
@@ -77,8 +76,8 @@
      * Intent sent whenever audio state changes.
      *
      * <p>It includes two mandatory extras:
-     * {@link BluetoothProfile.EXTRA_STATE},
-     * {@link BluetoothProfile.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_STATE},
+     * {@link BluetoothProfile#EXTRA_STATE},
+     * {@link BluetoothProfile#EXTRA_PREVIOUS_STATE},
      * with possible values:
      * {@link #STATE_AUDIO_CONNECTING},
      * {@link #STATE_AUDIO_CONNECTED},
@@ -368,7 +367,7 @@
 
     private Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
-    private IBluetoothHeadsetClient mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothHeadsetClient mService;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
 
     final private IBluetoothStateChangeCallback mBluetoothStateChangeCallback =
@@ -480,16 +479,16 @@
      */
     public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("connect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.connect(device);
+                return service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -504,16 +503,16 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
               return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -525,15 +524,16 @@
     @Override
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -548,15 +548,16 @@
     @Override
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (VDBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -569,16 +570,16 @@
     @Override
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectionState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -589,20 +590,20 @@
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) log("setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                    priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
-              return false;
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
+                return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -611,16 +612,16 @@
      */
     public int getPriority(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getPriority(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return PRIORITY_OFF;
     }
 
@@ -639,15 +640,15 @@
      */
     public boolean startVoiceRecognition(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("startVoiceRecognition()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.startVoiceRecognition(device);
+                return service.startVoiceRecognition(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -666,15 +667,15 @@
      */
     public boolean stopVoiceRecognition(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("stopVoiceRecognition()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.stopVoiceRecognition(device);
+                return service.stopVoiceRecognition(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -686,15 +687,15 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothHeadsetClientCall> getCurrentCalls(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("getCurrentCalls()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getCurrentCalls(device);
+                return service.getCurrentCalls(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return null;
     }
 
@@ -707,15 +708,15 @@
      */
     public Bundle getCurrentAgEvents(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("getCurrentCalls()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getCurrentAgEvents(device);
+                return service.getCurrentAgEvents(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return null;
     }
 
@@ -733,15 +734,15 @@
      */
     public boolean acceptCall(BluetoothDevice device, int flag) {
         if (DBG) log("acceptCall()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.acceptCall(device, flag);
+                return service.acceptCall(device, flag);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -756,15 +757,15 @@
      */
     public boolean holdCall(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("holdCall()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.holdCall(device);
+                return service.holdCall(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -783,15 +784,15 @@
      */
     public boolean rejectCall(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("rejectCall()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.rejectCall(device);
+                return service.rejectCall(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -802,7 +803,7 @@
      *
      * @param device    remote device
      * @param call      Handle of call obtained in {@link dial()} or obtained via
-     *                  {@link ACTION_CALL_CHANGED}. {@code call} may be null in which
+     *                  {@link #ACTION_CALL_CHANGED}. {@code call} may be null in which
      *                  case we will hangup all active calls.
      * @return          <code>true</code> if command has been issued successfully;
      *                   <code>false</code> otherwise;
@@ -815,15 +816,15 @@
      */
     public boolean terminateCall(BluetoothDevice device, BluetoothHeadsetClientCall call) {
         if (DBG) log("terminateCall()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.terminateCall(device, call);
+                return service.terminateCall(device, call);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -845,15 +846,15 @@
      */
     public boolean enterPrivateMode(BluetoothDevice device, int index) {
         if (DBG) log("enterPrivateMode()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.enterPrivateMode(device, index);
+                return service.enterPrivateMode(device, index);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -874,15 +875,15 @@
      */
     public boolean explicitCallTransfer(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("explicitCallTransfer()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.explicitCallTransfer(device);
+                return service.explicitCallTransfer(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -900,15 +901,15 @@
      */
     public BluetoothHeadsetClientCall dial(BluetoothDevice device, String number) {
         if (DBG) log("dial()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.dial(device, number);
+                return service.dial(device, number);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return null;
     }
 
@@ -925,15 +926,15 @@
      */
     public boolean sendDTMF(BluetoothDevice device, byte code) {
         if (DBG) log("sendDTMF()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.sendDTMF(device, code);
+                return service.sendDTMF(device, code);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -952,15 +953,15 @@
      */
     public boolean getLastVoiceTagNumber(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("getLastVoiceTagNumber()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getLastVoiceTagNumber(device);
+                return service.getLastVoiceTagNumber(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG,  Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -971,10 +972,13 @@
      */
     public int getAudioState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getAudioState");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getAudioState(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getAudioState(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -991,10 +995,13 @@
      */
     public void setAudioRouteAllowed(BluetoothDevice device, boolean allowed) {
         if (VDBG) log("setAudioRouteAllowed");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mService.setAudioRouteAllowed(device, allowed);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                service.setAudioRouteAllowed(device, allowed);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -1009,10 +1016,13 @@
      */
     public boolean getAudioRouteAllowed(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getAudioRouteAllowed");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getAudioRouteAllowed(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getAudioRouteAllowed(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -1032,9 +1042,10 @@
      *                   intent;
      */
     public boolean connectAudio(BluetoothDevice device) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.connectAudio(device);
+                return service.connectAudio(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -1057,9 +1068,10 @@
      *                   intent;
      */
     public boolean disconnectAudio(BluetoothDevice device) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnectAudio(device);
+                return service.disconnectAudio(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -1078,9 +1090,10 @@
      *                  AG not connected
      */
     public Bundle getCurrentAgFeatures(BluetoothDevice device) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHeadsetClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getCurrentAgFeatures(device);
+                return service.getCurrentAgFeatures(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -1092,7 +1105,7 @@
     }
 
 
-    private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
+    private final ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
         @Override
         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Proxy object connected");
@@ -1114,15 +1127,11 @@
     };
 
     private boolean isEnabled() {
-       if (mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) return true;
-       return false;
+        return mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
     private static void log(String msg) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHealth.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHealth.java
index 8d77888..07be63f 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHealth.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothHealth.java
@@ -178,9 +178,10 @@
         BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration config =
                 new BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration(name, dataType, role, channelType);
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.registerAppConfiguration(config, wrapper);
+                result = service.registerAppConfiguration(config, wrapper);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -202,9 +203,10 @@
      */
     public boolean unregisterAppConfiguration(BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration config) {
         boolean result = false;
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && config != null) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && config != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.unregisterAppConfiguration(config);
+                result = service.unregisterAppConfiguration(config);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -230,10 +232,10 @@
      */
     public boolean connectChannelToSource(BluetoothDevice device,
             BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration config) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) &&
-                config != null) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) && config != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.connectChannelToSource(device, config);
+                return service.connectChannelToSource(device, config);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -259,10 +261,10 @@
      */
     public boolean connectChannelToSink(BluetoothDevice device,
             BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration config, int channelType) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) &&
-                config != null) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) && config != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.connectChannelToSink(device, config, channelType);
+                return service.connectChannelToSink(device, config, channelType);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -288,10 +290,10 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnectChannel(BluetoothDevice device,
             BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration config, int channelId) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) &&
-                config != null) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) && config != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnectChannel(device, config, channelId);
+                return service.disconnectChannel(device, config, channelId);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -317,10 +319,10 @@
      */
     public ParcelFileDescriptor getMainChannelFd(BluetoothDevice device,
             BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration config) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) &&
-                config != null) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device) && config != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getMainChannelFd(device, config);
+                return service.getMainChannelFd(device, config);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -348,9 +350,10 @@
      */
     @Override
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getHealthDeviceConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getHealthDeviceConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -376,15 +379,16 @@
      */
     @Override
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedHealthDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedHealthDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -408,15 +412,16 @@
      */
     @Override
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothHealth service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getHealthDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getHealthDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -462,7 +467,7 @@
 
     private Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
-    private IBluetoothHealth mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothHealth mService;
     BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
 
     /**
@@ -546,11 +551,8 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-        if (device == null) return false;
-
-        if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-        return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
     private boolean checkAppParam(String name, int role, int channelType,
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputDevice.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputDevice.java
index a5a0243..07966ed 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputDevice.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputDevice.java
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
     private Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
-    private IBluetoothInputDevice mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothInputDevice mService;
 
     final private IBluetoothStateChangeCallback mBluetoothStateChangeCallback =
             new IBluetoothStateChangeCallback.Stub() {
@@ -325,15 +325,16 @@
      */
     public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("connect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.connect(device);
+                return service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -365,15 +366,16 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -382,15 +384,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -399,15 +402,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (VDBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -416,15 +420,16 @@
      */
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -445,19 +450,20 @@
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) log("setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
-              return false;
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
+                return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -476,15 +482,16 @@
      */
     public int getPriority(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getPriority(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF;
     }
 
@@ -507,18 +514,13 @@
     };
 
     private boolean isEnabled() {
-       if (mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) return true;
-       return false;
+        return mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
-
     /**
      * Initiate virtual unplug for a HID input device.
      *
@@ -531,16 +533,17 @@
      */
     public boolean virtualUnplug(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("virtualUnplug(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.virtualUnplug(device);
+                return service.virtualUnplug(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
 
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
 
     }
@@ -557,16 +560,17 @@
     */
     public boolean getProtocolMode(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getProtocolMode(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getProtocolMode(device);
+                return service.getProtocolMode(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
-            return false;
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -581,15 +585,16 @@
      */
     public boolean setProtocolMode(BluetoothDevice device, int protocolMode) {
         if (DBG) log("setProtocolMode(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.setProtocolMode(device, protocolMode);
+                return service.setProtocolMode(device, protocolMode);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -606,17 +611,22 @@
      *               true otherwise
      * @hide
      */
-    public boolean getReport(BluetoothDevice device, byte reportType, byte reportId, int bufferSize) {
-        if (VDBG) log("getReport(" + device + "), reportType=" + reportType + " reportId=" + reportId + "bufferSize=" + bufferSize);
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+    public boolean getReport(BluetoothDevice device, byte reportType, byte reportId,
+            int bufferSize) {
+        if (VDBG) {
+            log("getReport(" + device + "), reportType=" + reportType + " reportId=" + reportId
+                    + "bufferSize=" + bufferSize);
+        }
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getReport(device, reportType, reportId, bufferSize);
+                return service.getReport(device, reportType, reportId, bufferSize);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -634,15 +644,16 @@
      */
     public boolean setReport(BluetoothDevice device, byte reportType, String report) {
         if (VDBG) log("setReport(" + device + "), reportType=" + reportType + " report=" + report);
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.setReport(device, reportType, report);
+                return service.setReport(device, reportType, report);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -659,15 +670,16 @@
      */
     public boolean sendData(BluetoothDevice device, String report) {
         if (DBG) log("sendData(" + device + "), report=" + report);
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.sendData(device, report);
+                return service.sendData(device, report);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -683,15 +695,16 @@
      */
     public boolean getIdleTime(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("getIdletime(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getIdleTime(device);
+                return service.getIdleTime(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -708,15 +721,16 @@
      */
     public boolean setIdleTime(BluetoothDevice device, byte idleTime) {
         if (DBG) log("setIdletime(" + device + "), idleTime=" + idleTime);
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothInputDevice service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.setIdleTime(device, idleTime);
+                return service.setIdleTime(device, idleTime);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputHost.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputHost.java
index 68d105f..6a0506d 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputHost.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothInputHost.java
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
-import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
 
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
 
-    private IBluetoothInputHost mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothInputHost mService;
 
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
 
@@ -195,24 +195,18 @@
         }
     };
 
-    private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
-
+    private final ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
             Log.d(TAG, "onServiceConnected()");
-
             mService = IBluetoothInputHost.Stub.asInterface(service);
-
             if (mServiceListener != null) {
                 mServiceListener.onServiceConnected(BluetoothProfile.INPUT_HOST,
                     BluetoothInputHost.this);
             }
         }
-
         public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
             Log.d(TAG, "onServiceDisconnected()");
-
             mService = null;
-
             if (mServiceListener != null) {
                 mServiceListener.onServiceDisconnected(BluetoothProfile.INPUT_HOST);
             }
@@ -283,9 +277,10 @@
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         Log.v(TAG, "getConnectedDevices()");
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -302,9 +297,10 @@
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         Log.v(TAG, "getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(): states=" + Arrays.toString(states));
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -321,9 +317,10 @@
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         Log.v(TAG, "getConnectionState(): device=" + device);
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -363,13 +360,14 @@
             return false;
         }
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
                 BluetoothHidDeviceAppConfiguration config =
-                    new BluetoothHidDeviceAppConfiguration();
+                        new BluetoothHidDeviceAppConfiguration();
                 BluetoothHidDeviceCallbackWrapper cbw =
-                    new BluetoothHidDeviceCallbackWrapper(callback);
-                result = mService.registerApp(config, sdp, inQos, outQos, cbw);
+                        new BluetoothHidDeviceCallbackWrapper(callback);
+                result = service.registerApp(config, sdp, inQos, outQos, cbw);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -397,9 +395,10 @@
 
         boolean result = false;
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.unregisterApp(config);
+                result = service.unregisterApp(config);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -421,9 +420,10 @@
     public boolean sendReport(BluetoothDevice device, int id, byte[] data) {
         boolean result = false;
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.sendReport(device, id, data);
+                result = service.sendReport(device, id, data);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -448,9 +448,10 @@
 
         boolean result = false;
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.replyReport(device, type, id, data);
+                result = service.replyReport(device, type, id, data);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -473,9 +474,10 @@
 
         boolean result = false;
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.reportError(device, error);
+                result = service.reportError(device, error);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -496,9 +498,10 @@
 
         boolean result = false;
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.unplug(device);
+                result = service.unplug(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -520,9 +523,10 @@
 
         boolean result = false;
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.connect(device);
+                result = service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -543,9 +547,10 @@
 
         boolean result = false;
 
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothInputHost service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                result = mService.disconnect(device);
+                result = service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMap.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMap.java
index 2e73051..0f801fd 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMap.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMap.java
@@ -16,15 +16,18 @@
 
 package android.bluetooth;
 
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import android.content.ComponentName;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
-import android.os.*;
+import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
 /**
  * This class provides the APIs to control the Bluetooth MAP
  * Profile.
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@
     public static final String ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED =
         "android.bluetooth.map.profile.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED";
 
-    private IBluetoothMap mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothMap mService;
     private final Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
@@ -156,10 +159,13 @@
      */
     public int getState() {
         if (VDBG) log("getState()");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getState();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getState();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -175,10 +181,13 @@
      */
     public BluetoothDevice getClient() {
         if (VDBG) log("getClient()");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getClient();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getClient();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -193,10 +202,13 @@
      */
     public boolean isConnected(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("isConnected(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.isConnected(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.isConnected(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -222,16 +234,16 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
               return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -262,15 +274,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (DBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -281,15 +294,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (DBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -300,16 +314,16 @@
      */
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("getConnectionState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -326,20 +340,20 @@
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) log("setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
-              return false;
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
+                return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -355,16 +369,16 @@
      */
     public int getPriority(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getPriority(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return PRIORITY_OFF;
     }
 
@@ -395,12 +409,8 @@
         log("Bluetooth is Not enabled");
         return false;
     }
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
-
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMapClient.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMapClient.java
index ccab3cd..b8fadf4 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMapClient.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothMapClient.java
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
     public static final String EXTRA_SENDER_CONTACT_NAME =
             "android.bluetooth.mapmce.profile.extra.SENDER_CONTACT_NAME";
 
-    private IBluetoothMapClient mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothMapClient mService;
     private final Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
@@ -176,9 +176,10 @@
      */
     public boolean isConnected(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) Log.d(TAG, "isConnected(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.isConnected(device);
+                return service.isConnected(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -195,9 +196,10 @@
      */
     public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "connect(" + device + ")" + "for MAPS MCE");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.connect(device);
+                return service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
             }
@@ -216,15 +218,15 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -236,15 +238,16 @@
     @Override
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<>();
     }
 
@@ -256,15 +259,16 @@
     @Override
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<>();
     }
 
@@ -276,16 +280,16 @@
     @Override
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "getConnectionState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -300,20 +304,20 @@
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                    priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
                 return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -329,16 +333,16 @@
      */
     public int getPriority(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) Log.d(TAG, "getPriority(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-                isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return PRIORITY_OFF;
     }
 
@@ -357,9 +361,10 @@
     public boolean sendMessage(BluetoothDevice device, Uri[] contacts, String message,
             PendingIntent sentIntent, PendingIntent deliveredIntent) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "sendMessage(" + device + ", " + contacts + ", " + message);
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.sendMessage(device, contacts, message, sentIntent, deliveredIntent);
+                return service.sendMessage(device, contacts, message, sentIntent, deliveredIntent);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
@@ -376,9 +381,10 @@
      */
     public boolean getUnreadMessages(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "getUnreadMessages(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothMapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getUnreadMessages(device);
+                return service.getUnreadMessages(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
@@ -413,12 +419,8 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-        if (device == null) return false;
-
-        if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-        return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
-
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPan.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPan.java
index 2a026a9..123d10b 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPan.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPan.java
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
     private Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
-    private IBluetoothPan mPanService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothPan mPanService;
 
     /**
      * Create a BluetoothPan proxy object for interacting with the local
@@ -235,16 +235,16 @@
      */
     public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("connect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mPanService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothPan service = mPanService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mPanService.connect(device);
+                return service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mPanService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -276,16 +276,16 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mPanService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothPan service = mPanService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mPanService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mPanService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -294,15 +294,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (VDBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mPanService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothPan service = mPanService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mPanService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mPanService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -311,15 +312,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (VDBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mPanService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothPan service = mPanService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mPanService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mPanService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -328,25 +330,25 @@
      */
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mPanService != null && isEnabled()
-            && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothPan service = mPanService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mPanService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mPanService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
     public void setBluetoothTethering(boolean value) {
         if (DBG) log("setBluetoothTethering(" + value + ")");
-
-        if (mPanService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothPan service = mPanService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                mPanService.setBluetoothTethering(value);
+                service.setBluetoothTethering(value);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
@@ -355,10 +357,10 @@
 
     public boolean isTetheringOn() {
         if (VDBG) log("isTetheringOn()");
-
-        if (mPanService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothPan service = mPanService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mPanService.isTetheringOn();
+                return service.isTetheringOn();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Stack:" + Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
             }
@@ -370,7 +372,6 @@
         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "BluetoothPAN Proxy object connected");
             mPanService = IBluetoothPan.Stub.asInterface(Binder.allowBlocking(service));
-
             if (mServiceListener != null) {
                 mServiceListener.onServiceConnected(BluetoothProfile.PAN,
                                                     BluetoothPan.this);
@@ -386,15 +387,11 @@
     };
 
     private boolean isEnabled() {
-       if (mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) return true;
-       return false;
+        return mAdapter.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
     private static void log(String msg) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbap.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbap.java
index dc01fc7..f16160e4 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbap.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbap.java
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
-import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 /**
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
     public static final String PBAP_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION =
         "android.bluetooth.pbap.intent.action.PBAP_STATE_CHANGED";
 
-    private IBluetoothPbap mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothPbap mService;
     private final Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
@@ -212,10 +212,13 @@
      */
     public int getState() {
         if (VDBG) log("getState()");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothPbap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getState();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getState();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -231,10 +234,13 @@
      */
     public BluetoothDevice getClient() {
         if (VDBG) log("getClient()");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothPbap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getClient();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getClient();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -249,10 +255,13 @@
      */
     public boolean isConnected(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("isConnected(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothPbap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.isConnected(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.isConnected(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -267,9 +276,10 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect() {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect()");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothPbap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                mService.disconnect();
+                service.disconnect();
                 return true;
             } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
         } else {
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbapClient.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbapClient.java
index 9f00e1a..28b551e 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbapClient.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothPbapClient.java
@@ -16,17 +16,18 @@
 
 package android.bluetooth;
 
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import android.content.ComponentName;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
-import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
 /**
  * This class provides the APIs to control the Bluetooth PBAP Client Profile.
  *@hide
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@
     public static final String ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED =
         "android.bluetooth.pbap.profile.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED";
 
-    private IBluetoothPbapClient mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothPbapClient mService;
     private final Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
@@ -171,15 +172,16 @@
         if (DBG) {
             log("connect(" + device + ") for PBAP Client.");
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothPbapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.connect(device);
+                return service.connect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return false;
@@ -196,16 +198,17 @@
         if (DBG) {
             log("disconnect(" + device + ")" + new Exception() );
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothPbapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                mService.disconnect(device);
+                service.disconnect(device);
                 return true;
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
               return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return false;
@@ -222,15 +225,16 @@
         if (DBG) {
             log("getConnectedDevices()");
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothPbapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
@@ -246,15 +250,16 @@
         if (DBG) {
             log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothPbapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
@@ -270,15 +275,16 @@
         if (DBG) {
             log("getConnectionState(" + device + ")");
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothPbapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
@@ -318,14 +324,8 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null) {
-           return false;
-       }
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())) {
-           return true;
-       }
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -336,27 +336,27 @@
      * {@link #PRIORITY_OFF},
      *
      * @param device Paired bluetooth device
-     * @param priority
+     * @param priority Priority of this profile
      * @return true if priority is set, false on error
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) {
             log("setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
-              return false;
+        final IBluetoothPbapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
+                return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return false;
@@ -376,15 +376,16 @@
         if (VDBG) {
             log("getPriority(" + device + ")");
         }
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothPbapClient service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) {
+        if (service == null) {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         }
         return PRIORITY_OFF;
diff --git a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothSap.java b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothSap.java
index 89c1bf8..f9ddb2e 100644
--- a/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothSap.java
+++ b/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothSap.java
@@ -16,19 +16,18 @@
 
 package android.bluetooth;
 
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
 import android.content.ComponentName;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
-import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.IBinder;
-import android.os.ServiceManager;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
 /**
  * This class provides the APIs to control the Bluetooth SIM
  * Access Profile (SAP).
@@ -67,7 +66,7 @@
     public static final String ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED =
         "android.bluetooth.sap.profile.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED";
 
-    private IBluetoothSap mService;
+    private volatile IBluetoothSap mService;
     private final Context mContext;
     private ServiceListener mServiceListener;
     private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
@@ -196,10 +195,13 @@
      */
     public int getState() {
         if (VDBG) log("getState()");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getState();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getState();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -216,10 +218,13 @@
      */
     public BluetoothDevice getClient() {
         if (VDBG) log("getClient()");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.getClient();
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.getClient();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -235,10 +240,13 @@
      */
     public boolean isConnected(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("isConnected(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null) {
             try {
-                return mService.isConnected(device);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {Log.e(TAG, e.toString());}
+                return service.isConnected(device);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
+            }
         } else {
             Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
             if (DBG) log(Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
@@ -266,16 +274,16 @@
      */
     public boolean disconnect(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("disconnect(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.disconnect(device);
+                return service.disconnect(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
               Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
               return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -287,15 +295,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
         if (DBG) log("getConnectedDevices()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectedDevices();
+                return service.getConnectedDevices();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -307,15 +316,16 @@
      */
     public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
         if (DBG) log("getDevicesMatchingStates()");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled()) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled()) {
             try {
-                return mService.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
+                return service.getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(states);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
     }
 
@@ -327,16 +337,16 @@
      */
     public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (DBG) log("getConnectionState(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getConnectionState(device);
+                return service.getConnectionState(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
     }
 
@@ -352,20 +362,20 @@
      */
     public boolean setPriority(BluetoothDevice device, int priority) {
         if (DBG) log("setPriority(" + device + ", " + priority + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
-            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF &&
-                priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
-              return false;
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
+            if (priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_OFF
+                    && priority != BluetoothProfile.PRIORITY_ON) {
+                return false;
             }
             try {
-                return mService.setPriority(device, priority);
+                return service.setPriority(device, priority);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return false;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -378,20 +388,20 @@
      */
     public int getPriority(BluetoothDevice device) {
         if (VDBG) log("getPriority(" + device + ")");
-        if (mService != null && isEnabled() &&
-            isValidDevice(device)) {
+        final IBluetoothSap service = mService;
+        if (service != null && isEnabled() && isValidDevice(device)) {
             try {
-                return mService.getPriority(device);
+                return service.getPriority(device);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, Log.getStackTraceString(new Throwable()));
                 return PRIORITY_OFF;
             }
         }
-        if (mService == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
+        if (service == null) Log.w(TAG, "Proxy not attached to service");
         return PRIORITY_OFF;
     }
 
-    private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
+    private final ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
         public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
             if (DBG) log("Proxy object connected");
             mService = IBluetoothSap.Stub.asInterface(Binder.allowBlocking(service));
@@ -421,13 +431,8 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    private boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
-       if (device == null)
-           return false;
-
-       if (BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress()))
-           return true;
-       return false;
+    private static boolean isValidDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return device != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress());
     }
 
 }