Move btif_state_machine to common/StateMachine

In Bluetooth native infrastructure refactor plan, we need a state
machine class for entire stack

Test: manual
Change-Id: I0e6671e42570482d9a9466b117054b3aadb3e9cc
diff --git a/common/state_machine.h b/common/state_machine.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62d92d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/state_machine.h
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <map>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <base/logging.h>
+
+namespace bluetooth {
+
+namespace common {
+
+/**
+ * State machine used by Bluetooth native stack.
+ */
+class StateMachine {
+ public:
+  enum { kStateInvalid = -1 };
+
+  /**
+   * A class to represent the state in the State Machine.
+   */
+  class State {
+    friend class StateMachine;
+
+   public:
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @param sm the State Machine to use
+     * @param state_id the unique State ID. It should be a non-negative number.
+     */
+    State(StateMachine& sm, int state_id) : sm_(sm), state_id_(state_id) {}
+
+    virtual ~State() = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Process an event.
+     * TODO: The arguments are wrong - used for backward compatibility.
+     * Will be replaced later.
+     *
+     * @param event the event type
+     * @param p_data the event data
+     * @return true if the processing was completed, otherwise false
+     */
+    virtual bool ProcessEvent(uint32_t event, void* p_data) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Get the State ID.
+     *
+     * @return the State ID
+     */
+    int StateId() const { return state_id_; }
+
+   protected:
+    /**
+     * Called when a state is entered.
+     */
+    virtual void OnEnter() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Called when a state is exited.
+     */
+    virtual void OnExit() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Transition the State Machine to a new state.
+     *
+     * @param dest_state_id the state ID to transition to. It must be one
+     * of the unique state IDs when the corresponding state was created.
+     */
+    void TransitionTo(int dest_state_id) { sm_.TransitionTo(dest_state_id); }
+
+    /**
+     * Transition the State Machine to a new state.
+     *
+     * @param dest_state the state to transition to. It cannot be nullptr.
+     */
+    void TransitionTo(StateMachine::State* dest_state) {
+      sm_.TransitionTo(dest_state);
+    }
+
+   private:
+    StateMachine& sm_;
+    int state_id_;
+  };
+
+  StateMachine()
+      : initial_state_(nullptr),
+        previous_state_(nullptr),
+        current_state_(nullptr) {}
+  ~StateMachine() {
+    for (auto& kv : states_) delete kv.second;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Start the State Machine operation.
+   */
+  void Start() { TransitionTo(initial_state_); }
+
+  /**
+   * Quit the State Machine operation.
+   */
+  void Quit() { previous_state_ = current_state_ = nullptr; }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the current State ID.
+   *
+   * @return the current State ID
+   */
+  int StateId() const {
+    if (current_state_ != nullptr) {
+      return current_state_->StateId();
+    }
+    return kStateInvalid;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the previous current State ID.
+   *
+   * @return the previous State ID
+   */
+  int PreviousStateId() const {
+    if (previous_state_ != nullptr) {
+      return previous_state_->StateId();
+    }
+    return kStateInvalid;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Process an event.
+   * TODO: The arguments are wrong - used for backward compatibility.
+   * Will be replaced later.
+   *
+   * @param event the event type
+   * @param p_data the event data
+   * @return true if the processing was completed, otherwise false
+   */
+  bool ProcessEvent(uint32_t event, void* p_data) {
+    if (current_state_ == nullptr) return false;
+    return current_state_->ProcessEvent(event, p_data);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Transition the State Machine to a new state.
+   *
+   * @param dest_state_id the state ID to transition to. It must be one
+   * of the unique state IDs when the corresponding state was created.
+   */
+  void TransitionTo(int dest_state_id) {
+    auto it = states_.find(dest_state_id);
+
+    CHECK(it != states_.end()) << "Unknown State ID: " << dest_state_id;
+    State* dest_state = it->second;
+    TransitionTo(dest_state);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Transition the State Machine to a new state.
+   *
+   * @param dest_state the state to transition to. It cannot be nullptr.
+   */
+  void TransitionTo(StateMachine::State* dest_state) {
+    if (current_state_ != nullptr) {
+      current_state_->OnExit();
+    }
+    previous_state_ = current_state_;
+    current_state_ = dest_state;
+    current_state_->OnEnter();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Add a state to the State Machine.
+   * The state machine takes ownership on the state - i.e., the state will
+   * be deleted by the State Machine itself.
+   *
+   * @param state the state to add
+   */
+  void AddState(State* state) {
+    states_.insert(std::make_pair(state->StateId(), state));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the initial state of the State Machine.
+   *
+   * @param initial_state the initial state
+   */
+  void SetInitialState(State* initial_state) { initial_state_ = initial_state; }
+
+ private:
+  State* initial_state_;
+  State* previous_state_;
+  State* current_state_;
+  std::map<int, State*> states_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace common
+
+}  // namespace bluetooth