libutils/Looper.cpp - platform/system/core - Gitiles

 //
 // Copyright 2010 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // A looper implementation based on epoll().
 //
 #define LOG_TAG "Looper"

 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0

 // Debugs poll and wake interactions.
 #define DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE 0

 // Debugs callback registration and invocation.
 #define DEBUG_CALLBACKS 0

 #include <cutils/log.h>
 #include <utils/Looper.h>
 #include <utils/Timers.h>

 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <sys/eventfd.h>


 namespace android {

 // --- WeakMessageHandler ---

 WeakMessageHandler::WeakMessageHandler(const wp<MessageHandler>& handler) :
         mHandler(handler) {
 }

 WeakMessageHandler::~WeakMessageHandler() {
 }

 void WeakMessageHandler::handleMessage(const Message& message) {
     sp<MessageHandler> handler = mHandler.promote();
     if (handler != NULL) {
         handler->handleMessage(message);
     }
 }


 // --- SimpleLooperCallback ---

 SimpleLooperCallback::SimpleLooperCallback(Looper_callbackFunc callback) :
         mCallback(callback) {
 }

 SimpleLooperCallback::~SimpleLooperCallback() {
 }

 int SimpleLooperCallback::handleEvent(int fd, int events, void* data) {
     return mCallback(fd, events, data);
 }


 // --- Looper ---

 // Hint for number of file descriptors to be associated with the epoll instance.
 static const int EPOLL_SIZE_HINT = 8;

 // Maximum number of file descriptors for which to retrieve poll events each iteration.
 static const int EPOLL_MAX_EVENTS = 16;

 static pthread_once_t gTLSOnce = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
 static pthread_key_t gTLSKey = 0;

 Looper::Looper(bool allowNonCallbacks) :
         mAllowNonCallbacks(allowNonCallbacks), mSendingMessage(false),
         mPolling(false), mEpollFd(-1), mEpollRebuildRequired(false),
         mNextRequestSeq(0), mResponseIndex(0), mNextMessageUptime(LLONG_MAX) {
     mWakeEventFd = eventfd(0, EFD_NONBLOCK);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mWakeEventFd < 0, "Could not make wake event fd.  errno=%d", errno);

     AutoMutex _l(mLock);
     rebuildEpollLocked();
 }

 Looper::~Looper() {
     close(mWakeEventFd);
     if (mEpollFd >= 0) {
         close(mEpollFd);
     }
 }

 void Looper::initTLSKey() {
     int result = pthread_key_create(& gTLSKey, threadDestructor);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result != 0, "Could not allocate TLS key.");
 }

 void Looper::threadDestructor(void *st) {
     Looper* const self = static_cast<Looper*>(st);
     if (self != NULL) {
         self->decStrong((void*)threadDestructor);
     }
 }

 void Looper::setForThread(const sp<Looper>& looper) {
     sp<Looper> old = getForThread(); // also has side-effect of initializing TLS

     if (looper != NULL) {
         looper->incStrong((void*)threadDestructor);
     }

     pthread_setspecific(gTLSKey, looper.get());

     if (old != NULL) {
         old->decStrong((void*)threadDestructor);
     }
 }

 sp<Looper> Looper::getForThread() {
     int result = pthread_once(& gTLSOnce, initTLSKey);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result != 0, "pthread_once failed");

     return (Looper*)pthread_getspecific(gTLSKey);
 }

 sp<Looper> Looper::prepare(int opts) {
     bool allowNonCallbacks = opts & PREPARE_ALLOW_NON_CALLBACKS;
     sp<Looper> looper = Looper::getForThread();
     if (looper == NULL) {
         looper = new Looper(allowNonCallbacks);
         Looper::setForThread(looper);
     }
     if (looper->getAllowNonCallbacks() != allowNonCallbacks) {
         ALOGW("Looper already prepared for this thread with a different value for the "
                 "LOOPER_PREPARE_ALLOW_NON_CALLBACKS option.");
     }
     return looper;
 }

 bool Looper::getAllowNonCallbacks() const {
     return mAllowNonCallbacks;
 }

 void Looper::rebuildEpollLocked() {
     // Close old epoll instance if we have one.
     if (mEpollFd >= 0) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
         ALOGD("%p ~ rebuildEpollLocked - rebuilding epoll set", this);
 #endif
         close(mEpollFd);
     }

     // Allocate the new epoll instance and register the wake pipe.
     mEpollFd = epoll_create(EPOLL_SIZE_HINT);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mEpollFd < 0, "Could not create epoll instance.  errno=%d", errno);

     struct epoll_event eventItem;
     memset(& eventItem, 0, sizeof(epoll_event)); // zero out unused members of data field union
     eventItem.events = EPOLLIN;
     eventItem.data.fd = mWakeEventFd;
     int result = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, mWakeEventFd, & eventItem);
     LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result != 0, "Could not add wake event fd to epoll instance.  errno=%d",
             errno);

     for (size_t i = 0; i < mRequests.size(); i++) {
         const Request& request = mRequests.valueAt(i);
         struct epoll_event eventItem;
         request.initEventItem(&eventItem);

         int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, request.fd, & eventItem);
         if (epollResult < 0) {
             ALOGE("Error adding epoll events for fd %d while rebuilding epoll set, errno=%d",
                     request.fd, errno);
         }
     }
 }

 void Looper::scheduleEpollRebuildLocked() {
     if (!mEpollRebuildRequired) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
         ALOGD("%p ~ scheduleEpollRebuildLocked - scheduling epoll set rebuild", this);
 #endif
         mEpollRebuildRequired = true;
         wake();
     }
 }

 int Looper::pollOnce(int timeoutMillis, int* outFd, int* outEvents, void** outData) {
     int result = 0;
     for (;;) {
         while (mResponseIndex < mResponses.size()) {
             const Response& response = mResponses.itemAt(mResponseIndex++);
             int ident = response.request.ident;
             if (ident >= 0) {
                 int fd = response.request.fd;
                 int events = response.events;
                 void* data = response.request.data;
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
                 ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - returning signalled identifier %d: "
                         "fd=%d, events=0x%x, data=%p",
                         this, ident, fd, events, data);
 #endif
                 if (outFd != NULL) *outFd = fd;
                 if (outEvents != NULL) *outEvents = events;
                 if (outData != NULL) *outData = data;
                 return ident;
             }
         }

         if (result != 0) {
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
             ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - returning result %d", this, result);
 #endif
             if (outFd != NULL) *outFd = 0;
             if (outEvents != NULL) *outEvents = 0;
             if (outData != NULL) *outData = NULL;
             return result;
         }

         result = pollInner(timeoutMillis);
     }
 }

 int Looper::pollInner(int timeoutMillis) {
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
     ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - waiting: timeoutMillis=%d", this, timeoutMillis);
 #endif

     // Adjust the timeout based on when the next message is due.
     if (timeoutMillis != 0 && mNextMessageUptime != LLONG_MAX) {
         nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
         int messageTimeoutMillis = toMillisecondTimeoutDelay(now, mNextMessageUptime);
         if (messageTimeoutMillis >= 0
                 && (timeoutMillis < 0 || messageTimeoutMillis < timeoutMillis)) {
             timeoutMillis = messageTimeoutMillis;
         }
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
         ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - next message in %" PRId64 "ns, adjusted timeout: timeoutMillis=%d",
                 this, mNextMessageUptime - now, timeoutMillis);
 #endif
     }

     // Poll.
     int result = POLL_WAKE;
     mResponses.clear();
     mResponseIndex = 0;

     // We are about to idle.
     mPolling = true;

     struct epoll_event eventItems[EPOLL_MAX_EVENTS];
     int eventCount = epoll_wait(mEpollFd, eventItems, EPOLL_MAX_EVENTS, timeoutMillis);

     // No longer idling.
     mPolling = false;

     // Acquire lock.
     mLock.lock();

     // Rebuild epoll set if needed.
     if (mEpollRebuildRequired) {
         mEpollRebuildRequired = false;
         rebuildEpollLocked();
         goto Done;
     }

     // Check for poll error.
     if (eventCount < 0) {
         if (errno == EINTR) {
             goto Done;
         }
         ALOGW("Poll failed with an unexpected error, errno=%d", errno);
         result = POLL_ERROR;
         goto Done;
     }

     // Check for poll timeout.
     if (eventCount == 0) {
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
         ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - timeout", this);
 #endif
         result = POLL_TIMEOUT;
         goto Done;
     }

     // Handle all events.
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
     ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - handling events from %d fds", this, eventCount);
 #endif

     for (int i = 0; i < eventCount; i++) {
         int fd = eventItems[i].data.fd;
         uint32_t epollEvents = eventItems[i].events;
         if (fd == mWakeEventFd) {
             if (epollEvents & EPOLLIN) {
                 awoken();
             } else {
                 ALOGW("Ignoring unexpected epoll events 0x%x on wake event fd.", epollEvents);
             }
         } else {
             ssize_t requestIndex = mRequests.indexOfKey(fd);
             if (requestIndex >= 0) {
                 int events = 0;
                 if (epollEvents & EPOLLIN) events |= EVENT_INPUT;
                 if (epollEvents & EPOLLOUT) events |= EVENT_OUTPUT;
                 if (epollEvents & EPOLLERR) events |= EVENT_ERROR;
                 if (epollEvents & EPOLLHUP) events |= EVENT_HANGUP;
                 pushResponse(events, mRequests.valueAt(requestIndex));
             } else {
                 ALOGW("Ignoring unexpected epoll events 0x%x on fd %d that is "
                         "no longer registered.", epollEvents, fd);
             }
         }
     }
 Done: ;

     // Invoke pending message callbacks.
     mNextMessageUptime = LLONG_MAX;
     while (mMessageEnvelopes.size() != 0) {
         nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
         const MessageEnvelope& messageEnvelope = mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(0);
         if (messageEnvelope.uptime <= now) {
             // Remove the envelope from the list.
             // We keep a strong reference to the handler until the call to handleMessage
             // finishes.  Then we drop it so that the handler can be deleted *before*
             // we reacquire our lock.
             { // obtain handler
                 sp<MessageHandler> handler = messageEnvelope.handler;
                 Message message = messageEnvelope.message;
                 mMessageEnvelopes.removeAt(0);
                 mSendingMessage = true;
                 mLock.unlock();

 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE || DEBUG_CALLBACKS
                 ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - sending message: handler=%p, what=%d",
                         this, handler.get(), message.what);
 #endif
                 handler->handleMessage(message);
             } // release handler

             mLock.lock();
             mSendingMessage = false;
             result = POLL_CALLBACK;
         } else {
             // The last message left at the head of the queue determines the next wakeup time.
             mNextMessageUptime = messageEnvelope.uptime;
             break;
         }
     }

     // Release lock.
     mLock.unlock();

     // Invoke all response callbacks.
     for (size_t i = 0; i < mResponses.size(); i++) {
         Response& response = mResponses.editItemAt(i);
         if (response.request.ident == POLL_CALLBACK) {
             int fd = response.request.fd;
             int events = response.events;
             void* data = response.request.data;
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE || DEBUG_CALLBACKS
             ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - invoking fd event callback %p: fd=%d, events=0x%x, data=%p",
                     this, response.request.callback.get(), fd, events, data);
 #endif
             // Invoke the callback.  Note that the file descriptor may be closed by
             // the callback (and potentially even reused) before the function returns so
             // we need to be a little careful when removing the file descriptor afterwards.
             int callbackResult = response.request.callback->handleEvent(fd, events, data);
             if (callbackResult == 0) {
                 removeFd(fd, response.request.seq);
             }

             // Clear the callback reference in the response structure promptly because we
             // will not clear the response vector itself until the next poll.
             response.request.callback.clear();
             result = POLL_CALLBACK;
         }
     }
     return result;
 }

 int Looper::pollAll(int timeoutMillis, int* outFd, int* outEvents, void** outData) {
     if (timeoutMillis <= 0) {
         int result;
         do {
             result = pollOnce(timeoutMillis, outFd, outEvents, outData);
         } while (result == POLL_CALLBACK);
         return result;
     } else {
         nsecs_t endTime = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)
                 + milliseconds_to_nanoseconds(timeoutMillis);

         for (;;) {
             int result = pollOnce(timeoutMillis, outFd, outEvents, outData);
             if (result != POLL_CALLBACK) {
                 return result;
             }

             nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
             timeoutMillis = toMillisecondTimeoutDelay(now, endTime);
             if (timeoutMillis == 0) {
                 return POLL_TIMEOUT;
             }
         }
     }
 }

 void Looper::wake() {
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
     ALOGD("%p ~ wake", this);
 #endif

     uint64_t inc = 1;
     ssize_t nWrite = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(mWakeEventFd, &inc, sizeof(uint64_t)));
     if (nWrite != sizeof(uint64_t)) {
         if (errno != EAGAIN) {
             ALOGW("Could not write wake signal, errno=%d", errno);
         }
     }
 }

 void Looper::awoken() {
 #if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
     ALOGD("%p ~ awoken", this);
 #endif

     uint64_t counter;
     TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(mWakeEventFd, &counter, sizeof(uint64_t)));
 }

 void Looper::pushResponse(int events, const Request& request) {
     Response response;
     response.events = events;
     response.request = request;
     mResponses.push(response);
 }

 int Looper::addFd(int fd, int ident, int events, Looper_callbackFunc callback, void* data) {
     return addFd(fd, ident, events, callback ? new SimpleLooperCallback(callback) : NULL, data);
 }

 int Looper::addFd(int fd, int ident, int events, const sp<LooperCallback>& callback, void* data) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
     ALOGD("%p ~ addFd - fd=%d, ident=%d, events=0x%x, callback=%p, data=%p", this, fd, ident,
             events, callback.get(), data);
 #endif

     if (!callback.get()) {
         if (! mAllowNonCallbacks) {
             ALOGE("Invalid attempt to set NULL callback but not allowed for this looper.");
             return -1;
         }

         if (ident < 0) {
             ALOGE("Invalid attempt to set NULL callback with ident < 0.");
             return -1;
         }
     } else {
         ident = POLL_CALLBACK;
     }

     { // acquire lock
         AutoMutex _l(mLock);

         Request request;
         request.fd = fd;
         request.ident = ident;
         request.events = events;
         request.seq = mNextRequestSeq++;
         request.callback = callback;
         request.data = data;
         if (mNextRequestSeq == -1) mNextRequestSeq = 0; // reserve sequence number -1

         struct epoll_event eventItem;
         request.initEventItem(&eventItem);

         ssize_t requestIndex = mRequests.indexOfKey(fd);
         if (requestIndex < 0) {
             int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, & eventItem);
             if (epollResult < 0) {
                 ALOGE("Error adding epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d", fd, errno);
                 return -1;
             }
             mRequests.add(fd, request);
         } else {
             int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_MOD, fd, & eventItem);
             if (epollResult < 0) {
                 if (errno == ENOENT) {
                     // Tolerate ENOENT because it means that an older file descriptor was
                     // closed before its callback was unregistered and meanwhile a new
                     // file descriptor with the same number has been created and is now
                     // being registered for the first time.  This error may occur naturally
                     // when a callback has the side-effect of closing the file descriptor
                     // before returning and unregistering itself.  Callback sequence number
                     // checks further ensure that the race is benign.
                     //
                     // Unfortunately due to kernel limitations we need to rebuild the epoll
                     // set from scratch because it may contain an old file handle that we are
                     // now unable to remove since its file descriptor is no longer valid.
                     // No such problem would have occurred if we were using the poll system
                     // call instead, but that approach carries others disadvantages.
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
                     ALOGD("%p ~ addFd - EPOLL_CTL_MOD failed due to file descriptor "
                             "being recycled, falling back on EPOLL_CTL_ADD, errno=%d",
                             this, errno);
 #endif
                     epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, & eventItem);
                     if (epollResult < 0) {
                         ALOGE("Error modifying or adding epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d",
                                 fd, errno);
                         return -1;
                     }
                     scheduleEpollRebuildLocked();
                 } else {
                     ALOGE("Error modifying epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d", fd, errno);
                     return -1;
                 }
             }
             mRequests.replaceValueAt(requestIndex, request);
         }
     } // release lock
     return 1;
 }

 int Looper::removeFd(int fd) {
     return removeFd(fd, -1);
 }

 int Looper::removeFd(int fd, int seq) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
     ALOGD("%p ~ removeFd - fd=%d, seq=%d", this, fd, seq);
 #endif

     { // acquire lock
         AutoMutex _l(mLock);
         ssize_t requestIndex = mRequests.indexOfKey(fd);
         if (requestIndex < 0) {
             return 0;
         }

         // Check the sequence number if one was given.
         if (seq != -1 && mRequests.valueAt(requestIndex).seq != seq) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
             ALOGD("%p ~ removeFd - sequence number mismatch, oldSeq=%d",
                     this, mRequests.valueAt(requestIndex).seq);
 #endif
             return 0;
         }

         // Always remove the FD from the request map even if an error occurs while
         // updating the epoll set so that we avoid accidentally leaking callbacks.
         mRequests.removeItemsAt(requestIndex);

         int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, NULL);
         if (epollResult < 0) {
             if (seq != -1 && (errno == EBADF || errno == ENOENT)) {
                 // Tolerate EBADF or ENOENT when the sequence number is known because it
                 // means that the file descriptor was closed before its callback was
                 // unregistered.  This error may occur naturally when a callback has the
                 // side-effect of closing the file descriptor before returning and
                 // unregistering itself.
                 //
                 // Unfortunately due to kernel limitations we need to rebuild the epoll
                 // set from scratch because it may contain an old file handle that we are
                 // now unable to remove since its file descriptor is no longer valid.
                 // No such problem would have occurred if we were using the poll system
                 // call instead, but that approach carries others disadvantages.
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
                 ALOGD("%p ~ removeFd - EPOLL_CTL_DEL failed due to file descriptor "
                         "being closed, errno=%d", this, errno);
 #endif
                 scheduleEpollRebuildLocked();
             } else {
                 // Some other error occurred.  This is really weird because it means
                 // our list of callbacks got out of sync with the epoll set somehow.
                 // We defensively rebuild the epoll set to avoid getting spurious
                 // notifications with nowhere to go.
                 ALOGE("Error removing epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d", fd, errno);
                 scheduleEpollRebuildLocked();
                 return -1;
             }
         }
     } // release lock
     return 1;
 }

 void Looper::sendMessage(const sp<MessageHandler>& handler, const Message& message) {
     nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
     sendMessageAtTime(now, handler, message);
 }

 void Looper::sendMessageDelayed(nsecs_t uptimeDelay, const sp<MessageHandler>& handler,
         const Message& message) {
     nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
     sendMessageAtTime(now + uptimeDelay, handler, message);
 }

 void Looper::sendMessageAtTime(nsecs_t uptime, const sp<MessageHandler>& handler,
         const Message& message) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
     ALOGD("%p ~ sendMessageAtTime - uptime=%" PRId64 ", handler=%p, what=%d",
             this, uptime, handler.get(), message.what);
 #endif

     size_t i = 0;
     { // acquire lock
         AutoMutex _l(mLock);

         size_t messageCount = mMessageEnvelopes.size();
         while (i < messageCount && uptime >= mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(i).uptime) {
             i += 1;
         }

         MessageEnvelope messageEnvelope(uptime, handler, message);
         mMessageEnvelopes.insertAt(messageEnvelope, i, 1);

         // Optimization: If the Looper is currently sending a message, then we can skip
         // the call to wake() because the next thing the Looper will do after processing
         // messages is to decide when the next wakeup time should be.  In fact, it does
         // not even matter whether this code is running on the Looper thread.
         if (mSendingMessage) {
             return;
         }
     } // release lock

     // Wake the poll loop only when we enqueue a new message at the head.
     if (i == 0) {
         wake();
     }
 }

 void Looper::removeMessages(const sp<MessageHandler>& handler) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
     ALOGD("%p ~ removeMessages - handler=%p", this, handler.get());
 #endif

     { // acquire lock
         AutoMutex _l(mLock);

         for (size_t i = mMessageEnvelopes.size(); i != 0; ) {
             const MessageEnvelope& messageEnvelope = mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(--i);
             if (messageEnvelope.handler == handler) {
                 mMessageEnvelopes.removeAt(i);
             }
         }
     } // release lock
 }

 void Looper::removeMessages(const sp<MessageHandler>& handler, int what) {
 #if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
     ALOGD("%p ~ removeMessages - handler=%p, what=%d", this, handler.get(), what);
 #endif

     { // acquire lock
         AutoMutex _l(mLock);

         for (size_t i = mMessageEnvelopes.size(); i != 0; ) {
             const MessageEnvelope& messageEnvelope = mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(--i);
             if (messageEnvelope.handler == handler
                     && messageEnvelope.message.what == what) {
                 mMessageEnvelopes.removeAt(i);
             }
         }
     } // release lock
 }

 bool Looper::isPolling() const {
     return mPolling;
 }

 void Looper::Request::initEventItem(struct epoll_event* eventItem) const {
     int epollEvents = 0;
     if (events & EVENT_INPUT) epollEvents |= EPOLLIN;
     if (events & EVENT_OUTPUT) epollEvents |= EPOLLOUT;

     memset(eventItem, 0, sizeof(epoll_event)); // zero out unused members of data field union
     eventItem->events = epollEvents;
     eventItem->data.fd = fd;
 }

 } // namespace android
	//
	// Copyright 2010 The Android Open Source Project
	//
	// A looper implementation based on epoll().
	//
	#define LOG_TAG "Looper"

	//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0

	// Debugs poll and wake interactions.
	#define DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE 0

	// Debugs callback registration and invocation.
	#define DEBUG_CALLBACKS 0

	#include <cutils/log.h>
	#include <utils/Looper.h>
	#include <utils/Timers.h>

	#include <unistd.h>
	#include <fcntl.h>
	#include <limits.h>
	#include <inttypes.h>
	#include <sys/eventfd.h>


	namespace android {

	// --- WeakMessageHandler ---

	WeakMessageHandler::WeakMessageHandler(const wp<MessageHandler>& handler) :
	mHandler(handler) {
	}

	WeakMessageHandler::~WeakMessageHandler() {
	}

	void WeakMessageHandler::handleMessage(const Message& message) {
	sp<MessageHandler> handler = mHandler.promote();
	if (handler != NULL) {
	handler->handleMessage(message);
	}
	}


	// --- SimpleLooperCallback ---

	SimpleLooperCallback::SimpleLooperCallback(Looper_callbackFunc callback) :
	mCallback(callback) {
	}

	SimpleLooperCallback::~SimpleLooperCallback() {
	}

	int SimpleLooperCallback::handleEvent(int fd, int events, void* data) {
	return mCallback(fd, events, data);
	}


	// --- Looper ---

	// Hint for number of file descriptors to be associated with the epoll instance.
	static const int EPOLL_SIZE_HINT = 8;

	// Maximum number of file descriptors for which to retrieve poll events each iteration.
	static const int EPOLL_MAX_EVENTS = 16;

	static pthread_once_t gTLSOnce = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
	static pthread_key_t gTLSKey = 0;

	Looper::Looper(bool allowNonCallbacks) :
	mAllowNonCallbacks(allowNonCallbacks), mSendingMessage(false),
	mPolling(false), mEpollFd(-1), mEpollRebuildRequired(false),
	mNextRequestSeq(0), mResponseIndex(0), mNextMessageUptime(LLONG_MAX) {
	mWakeEventFd = eventfd(0, EFD_NONBLOCK);
	LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mWakeEventFd < 0, "Could not make wake event fd. errno=%d", errno);

	AutoMutex _l(mLock);
	rebuildEpollLocked();
	}

	Looper::~Looper() {
	close(mWakeEventFd);
	if (mEpollFd >= 0) {
	close(mEpollFd);
	}
	}

	void Looper::initTLSKey() {
	int result = pthread_key_create(& gTLSKey, threadDestructor);
	LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result != 0, "Could not allocate TLS key.");
	}

	void Looper::threadDestructor(void *st) {
	Looper* const self = static_cast<Looper*>(st);
	if (self != NULL) {
	self->decStrong((void*)threadDestructor);
	}
	}

	void Looper::setForThread(const sp<Looper>& looper) {
	sp<Looper> old = getForThread(); // also has side-effect of initializing TLS

	if (looper != NULL) {
	looper->incStrong((void*)threadDestructor);
	}

	pthread_setspecific(gTLSKey, looper.get());

	if (old != NULL) {
	old->decStrong((void*)threadDestructor);
	}
	}

	sp<Looper> Looper::getForThread() {
	int result = pthread_once(& gTLSOnce, initTLSKey);
	LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result != 0, "pthread_once failed");

	return (Looper*)pthread_getspecific(gTLSKey);
	}

	sp<Looper> Looper::prepare(int opts) {
	bool allowNonCallbacks = opts & PREPARE_ALLOW_NON_CALLBACKS;
	sp<Looper> looper = Looper::getForThread();
	if (looper == NULL) {
	looper = new Looper(allowNonCallbacks);
	Looper::setForThread(looper);
	}
	if (looper->getAllowNonCallbacks() != allowNonCallbacks) {
	ALOGW("Looper already prepared for this thread with a different value for the "
	"LOOPER_PREPARE_ALLOW_NON_CALLBACKS option.");
	}
	return looper;
	}

	bool Looper::getAllowNonCallbacks() const {
	return mAllowNonCallbacks;
	}

	void Looper::rebuildEpollLocked() {
	// Close old epoll instance if we have one.
	if (mEpollFd >= 0) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ rebuildEpollLocked - rebuilding epoll set", this);
	#endif
	close(mEpollFd);
	}

	// Allocate the new epoll instance and register the wake pipe.
	mEpollFd = epoll_create(EPOLL_SIZE_HINT);
	LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mEpollFd < 0, "Could not create epoll instance. errno=%d", errno);

	struct epoll_event eventItem;
	memset(& eventItem, 0, sizeof(epoll_event)); // zero out unused members of data field union
	eventItem.events = EPOLLIN;
	eventItem.data.fd = mWakeEventFd;
	int result = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, mWakeEventFd, & eventItem);
	LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result != 0, "Could not add wake event fd to epoll instance. errno=%d",
	errno);

	for (size_t i = 0; i < mRequests.size(); i++) {
	const Request& request = mRequests.valueAt(i);
	struct epoll_event eventItem;
	request.initEventItem(&eventItem);

	int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, request.fd, & eventItem);
	if (epollResult < 0) {
	ALOGE("Error adding epoll events for fd %d while rebuilding epoll set, errno=%d",
	request.fd, errno);
	}
	}
	}

	void Looper::scheduleEpollRebuildLocked() {
	if (!mEpollRebuildRequired) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ scheduleEpollRebuildLocked - scheduling epoll set rebuild", this);
	#endif
	mEpollRebuildRequired = true;
	wake();
	}
	}

	int Looper::pollOnce(int timeoutMillis, int* outFd, int* outEvents, void** outData) {
	int result = 0;
	for (;;) {
	while (mResponseIndex < mResponses.size()) {
	const Response& response = mResponses.itemAt(mResponseIndex++);
	int ident = response.request.ident;
	if (ident >= 0) {
	int fd = response.request.fd;
	int events = response.events;
	void* data = response.request.data;
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - returning signalled identifier %d: "
	"fd=%d, events=0x%x, data=%p",
	this, ident, fd, events, data);
	#endif
	if (outFd != NULL) *outFd = fd;
	if (outEvents != NULL) *outEvents = events;
	if (outData != NULL) *outData = data;
	return ident;
	}
	}

	if (result != 0) {
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - returning result %d", this, result);
	#endif
	if (outFd != NULL) *outFd = 0;
	if (outEvents != NULL) *outEvents = 0;
	if (outData != NULL) *outData = NULL;
	return result;
	}

	result = pollInner(timeoutMillis);
	}
	}

	int Looper::pollInner(int timeoutMillis) {
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - waiting: timeoutMillis=%d", this, timeoutMillis);
	#endif

	// Adjust the timeout based on when the next message is due.
	if (timeoutMillis != 0 && mNextMessageUptime != LLONG_MAX) {
	nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
	int messageTimeoutMillis = toMillisecondTimeoutDelay(now, mNextMessageUptime);
	if (messageTimeoutMillis >= 0
	&& (timeoutMillis < 0 \|\| messageTimeoutMillis < timeoutMillis)) {
	timeoutMillis = messageTimeoutMillis;
	}
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - next message in %" PRId64 "ns, adjusted timeout: timeoutMillis=%d",
	this, mNextMessageUptime - now, timeoutMillis);
	#endif
	}

	// Poll.
	int result = POLL_WAKE;
	mResponses.clear();
	mResponseIndex = 0;

	// We are about to idle.
	mPolling = true;

	struct epoll_event eventItems[EPOLL_MAX_EVENTS];
	int eventCount = epoll_wait(mEpollFd, eventItems, EPOLL_MAX_EVENTS, timeoutMillis);

	// No longer idling.
	mPolling = false;

	// Acquire lock.
	mLock.lock();

	// Rebuild epoll set if needed.
	if (mEpollRebuildRequired) {
	mEpollRebuildRequired = false;
	rebuildEpollLocked();
	goto Done;
	}

	// Check for poll error.
	if (eventCount < 0) {
	if (errno == EINTR) {
	goto Done;
	}
	ALOGW("Poll failed with an unexpected error, errno=%d", errno);
	result = POLL_ERROR;
	goto Done;
	}

	// Check for poll timeout.
	if (eventCount == 0) {
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - timeout", this);
	#endif
	result = POLL_TIMEOUT;
	goto Done;
	}

	// Handle all events.
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - handling events from %d fds", this, eventCount);
	#endif

	for (int i = 0; i < eventCount; i++) {
	int fd = eventItems[i].data.fd;
	uint32_t epollEvents = eventItems[i].events;
	if (fd == mWakeEventFd) {
	if (epollEvents & EPOLLIN) {
	awoken();
	} else {
	ALOGW("Ignoring unexpected epoll events 0x%x on wake event fd.", epollEvents);
	}
	} else {
	ssize_t requestIndex = mRequests.indexOfKey(fd);
	if (requestIndex >= 0) {
	int events = 0;
	if (epollEvents & EPOLLIN) events \|= EVENT_INPUT;
	if (epollEvents & EPOLLOUT) events \|= EVENT_OUTPUT;
	if (epollEvents & EPOLLERR) events \|= EVENT_ERROR;
	if (epollEvents & EPOLLHUP) events \|= EVENT_HANGUP;
	pushResponse(events, mRequests.valueAt(requestIndex));
	} else {
	ALOGW("Ignoring unexpected epoll events 0x%x on fd %d that is "
	"no longer registered.", epollEvents, fd);
	}
	}
	}
	Done: ;

	// Invoke pending message callbacks.
	mNextMessageUptime = LLONG_MAX;
	while (mMessageEnvelopes.size() != 0) {
	nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
	const MessageEnvelope& messageEnvelope = mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(0);
	if (messageEnvelope.uptime <= now) {
	// Remove the envelope from the list.
	// We keep a strong reference to the handler until the call to handleMessage
	// finishes. Then we drop it so that the handler can be deleted before
	// we reacquire our lock.
	{ // obtain handler
	sp<MessageHandler> handler = messageEnvelope.handler;
	Message message = messageEnvelope.message;
	mMessageEnvelopes.removeAt(0);
	mSendingMessage = true;
	mLock.unlock();

	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE \|\| DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - sending message: handler=%p, what=%d",
	this, handler.get(), message.what);
	#endif
	handler->handleMessage(message);
	} // release handler

	mLock.lock();
	mSendingMessage = false;
	result = POLL_CALLBACK;
	} else {
	// The last message left at the head of the queue determines the next wakeup time.
	mNextMessageUptime = messageEnvelope.uptime;
	break;
	}
	}

	// Release lock.
	mLock.unlock();

	// Invoke all response callbacks.
	for (size_t i = 0; i < mResponses.size(); i++) {
	Response& response = mResponses.editItemAt(i);
	if (response.request.ident == POLL_CALLBACK) {
	int fd = response.request.fd;
	int events = response.events;
	void* data = response.request.data;
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE \|\| DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ pollOnce - invoking fd event callback %p: fd=%d, events=0x%x, data=%p",
	this, response.request.callback.get(), fd, events, data);
	#endif
	// Invoke the callback. Note that the file descriptor may be closed by
	// the callback (and potentially even reused) before the function returns so
	// we need to be a little careful when removing the file descriptor afterwards.
	int callbackResult = response.request.callback->handleEvent(fd, events, data);
	if (callbackResult == 0) {
	removeFd(fd, response.request.seq);
	}

	// Clear the callback reference in the response structure promptly because we
	// will not clear the response vector itself until the next poll.
	response.request.callback.clear();
	result = POLL_CALLBACK;
	}
	}
	return result;
	}

	int Looper::pollAll(int timeoutMillis, int* outFd, int* outEvents, void** outData) {
	if (timeoutMillis <= 0) {
	int result;
	do {
	result = pollOnce(timeoutMillis, outFd, outEvents, outData);
	} while (result == POLL_CALLBACK);
	return result;
	} else {
	nsecs_t endTime = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)
	+ milliseconds_to_nanoseconds(timeoutMillis);

	for (;;) {
	int result = pollOnce(timeoutMillis, outFd, outEvents, outData);
	if (result != POLL_CALLBACK) {
	return result;
	}

	nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
	timeoutMillis = toMillisecondTimeoutDelay(now, endTime);
	if (timeoutMillis == 0) {
	return POLL_TIMEOUT;
	}
	}
	}
	}

	void Looper::wake() {
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ wake", this);
	#endif

	uint64_t inc = 1;
	ssize_t nWrite = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(mWakeEventFd, &inc, sizeof(uint64_t)));
	if (nWrite != sizeof(uint64_t)) {
	if (errno != EAGAIN) {
	ALOGW("Could not write wake signal, errno=%d", errno);
	}
	}
	}

	void Looper::awoken() {
	#if DEBUG_POLL_AND_WAKE
	ALOGD("%p ~ awoken", this);
	#endif

	uint64_t counter;
	TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(mWakeEventFd, &counter, sizeof(uint64_t)));
	}

	void Looper::pushResponse(int events, const Request& request) {
	Response response;
	response.events = events;
	response.request = request;
	mResponses.push(response);
	}

	int Looper::addFd(int fd, int ident, int events, Looper_callbackFunc callback, void* data) {
	return addFd(fd, ident, events, callback ? new SimpleLooperCallback(callback) : NULL, data);
	}

	int Looper::addFd(int fd, int ident, int events, const sp<LooperCallback>& callback, void* data) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ addFd - fd=%d, ident=%d, events=0x%x, callback=%p, data=%p", this, fd, ident,
	events, callback.get(), data);
	#endif

	if (!callback.get()) {
	if (! mAllowNonCallbacks) {
	ALOGE("Invalid attempt to set NULL callback but not allowed for this looper.");
	return -1;
	}

	if (ident < 0) {
	ALOGE("Invalid attempt to set NULL callback with ident < 0.");
	return -1;
	}
	} else {
	ident = POLL_CALLBACK;
	}

	{ // acquire lock
	AutoMutex _l(mLock);

	Request request;
	request.fd = fd;
	request.ident = ident;
	request.events = events;
	request.seq = mNextRequestSeq++;
	request.callback = callback;
	request.data = data;
	if (mNextRequestSeq == -1) mNextRequestSeq = 0; // reserve sequence number -1

	struct epoll_event eventItem;
	request.initEventItem(&eventItem);

	ssize_t requestIndex = mRequests.indexOfKey(fd);
	if (requestIndex < 0) {
	int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, & eventItem);
	if (epollResult < 0) {
	ALOGE("Error adding epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d", fd, errno);
	return -1;
	}
	mRequests.add(fd, request);
	} else {
	int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_MOD, fd, & eventItem);
	if (epollResult < 0) {
	if (errno == ENOENT) {
	// Tolerate ENOENT because it means that an older file descriptor was
	// closed before its callback was unregistered and meanwhile a new
	// file descriptor with the same number has been created and is now
	// being registered for the first time. This error may occur naturally
	// when a callback has the side-effect of closing the file descriptor
	// before returning and unregistering itself. Callback sequence number
	// checks further ensure that the race is benign.
	//
	// Unfortunately due to kernel limitations we need to rebuild the epoll
	// set from scratch because it may contain an old file handle that we are
	// now unable to remove since its file descriptor is no longer valid.
	// No such problem would have occurred if we were using the poll system
	// call instead, but that approach carries others disadvantages.
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ addFd - EPOLL_CTL_MOD failed due to file descriptor "
	"being recycled, falling back on EPOLL_CTL_ADD, errno=%d",
	this, errno);
	#endif
	epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, & eventItem);
	if (epollResult < 0) {
	ALOGE("Error modifying or adding epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d",
	fd, errno);
	return -1;
	}
	scheduleEpollRebuildLocked();
	} else {
	ALOGE("Error modifying epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d", fd, errno);
	return -1;
	}
	}
	mRequests.replaceValueAt(requestIndex, request);
	}
	} // release lock
	return 1;
	}

	int Looper::removeFd(int fd) {
	return removeFd(fd, -1);
	}

	int Looper::removeFd(int fd, int seq) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ removeFd - fd=%d, seq=%d", this, fd, seq);
	#endif

	{ // acquire lock
	AutoMutex _l(mLock);
	ssize_t requestIndex = mRequests.indexOfKey(fd);
	if (requestIndex < 0) {
	return 0;
	}

	// Check the sequence number if one was given.
	if (seq != -1 && mRequests.valueAt(requestIndex).seq != seq) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ removeFd - sequence number mismatch, oldSeq=%d",
	this, mRequests.valueAt(requestIndex).seq);
	#endif
	return 0;
	}

	// Always remove the FD from the request map even if an error occurs while
	// updating the epoll set so that we avoid accidentally leaking callbacks.
	mRequests.removeItemsAt(requestIndex);

	int epollResult = epoll_ctl(mEpollFd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, NULL);
	if (epollResult < 0) {
	if (seq != -1 && (errno == EBADF \|\| errno == ENOENT)) {
	// Tolerate EBADF or ENOENT when the sequence number is known because it
	// means that the file descriptor was closed before its callback was
	// unregistered. This error may occur naturally when a callback has the
	// side-effect of closing the file descriptor before returning and
	// unregistering itself.
	//
	// Unfortunately due to kernel limitations we need to rebuild the epoll
	// set from scratch because it may contain an old file handle that we are
	// now unable to remove since its file descriptor is no longer valid.
	// No such problem would have occurred if we were using the poll system
	// call instead, but that approach carries others disadvantages.
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ removeFd - EPOLL_CTL_DEL failed due to file descriptor "
	"being closed, errno=%d", this, errno);
	#endif
	scheduleEpollRebuildLocked();
	} else {
	// Some other error occurred. This is really weird because it means
	// our list of callbacks got out of sync with the epoll set somehow.
	// We defensively rebuild the epoll set to avoid getting spurious
	// notifications with nowhere to go.
	ALOGE("Error removing epoll events for fd %d, errno=%d", fd, errno);
	scheduleEpollRebuildLocked();
	return -1;
	}
	}
	} // release lock
	return 1;
	}

	void Looper::sendMessage(const sp<MessageHandler>& handler, const Message& message) {
	nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
	sendMessageAtTime(now, handler, message);
	}

	void Looper::sendMessageDelayed(nsecs_t uptimeDelay, const sp<MessageHandler>& handler,
	const Message& message) {
	nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
	sendMessageAtTime(now + uptimeDelay, handler, message);
	}

	void Looper::sendMessageAtTime(nsecs_t uptime, const sp<MessageHandler>& handler,
	const Message& message) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ sendMessageAtTime - uptime=%" PRId64 ", handler=%p, what=%d",
	this, uptime, handler.get(), message.what);
	#endif

	size_t i = 0;
	{ // acquire lock
	AutoMutex _l(mLock);

	size_t messageCount = mMessageEnvelopes.size();
	while (i < messageCount && uptime >= mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(i).uptime) {
	i += 1;
	}

	MessageEnvelope messageEnvelope(uptime, handler, message);
	mMessageEnvelopes.insertAt(messageEnvelope, i, 1);

	// Optimization: If the Looper is currently sending a message, then we can skip
	// the call to wake() because the next thing the Looper will do after processing
	// messages is to decide when the next wakeup time should be. In fact, it does
	// not even matter whether this code is running on the Looper thread.
	if (mSendingMessage) {
	return;
	}
	} // release lock

	// Wake the poll loop only when we enqueue a new message at the head.
	if (i == 0) {
	wake();
	}
	}

	void Looper::removeMessages(const sp<MessageHandler>& handler) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ removeMessages - handler=%p", this, handler.get());
	#endif

	{ // acquire lock
	AutoMutex _l(mLock);

	for (size_t i = mMessageEnvelopes.size(); i != 0; ) {
	const MessageEnvelope& messageEnvelope = mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(--i);
	if (messageEnvelope.handler == handler) {
	mMessageEnvelopes.removeAt(i);
	}
	}
	} // release lock
	}

	void Looper::removeMessages(const sp<MessageHandler>& handler, int what) {
	#if DEBUG_CALLBACKS
	ALOGD("%p ~ removeMessages - handler=%p, what=%d", this, handler.get(), what);
	#endif

	{ // acquire lock
	AutoMutex _l(mLock);

	for (size_t i = mMessageEnvelopes.size(); i != 0; ) {
	const MessageEnvelope& messageEnvelope = mMessageEnvelopes.itemAt(--i);
	if (messageEnvelope.handler == handler
	&& messageEnvelope.message.what == what) {
	mMessageEnvelopes.removeAt(i);
	}
	}
	} // release lock
	}

	bool Looper::isPolling() const {
	return mPolling;
	}

	void Looper::Request::initEventItem(struct epoll_event* eventItem) const {
	int epollEvents = 0;
	if (events & EVENT_INPUT) epollEvents \|= EPOLLIN;
	if (events & EVENT_OUTPUT) epollEvents \|= EPOLLOUT;

	memset(eventItem, 0, sizeof(epoll_event)); // zero out unused members of data field union
	eventItem->events = epollEvents;
	eventItem->data.fd = fd;
	}

	} // namespace android