metrics/metrics_daemon.cc

// Copyright (c) 2010 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "metrics_daemon.h"

#include <string.h>

#include <base/file_util.h>
#include <base/logging.h>
#include <dbus/dbus-glib-lowlevel.h>

#include "counter.h"

using base::Time;
using base::TimeDelta;
using base::TimeTicks;
using std::string;

#define SAFE_MESSAGE(e) (e.message ? e.message : "unknown error")
#define DBUS_IFACE_CRASH_REPORTER "org.chromium.CrashReporter"
#define DBUS_IFACE_POWER_MANAGER "org.chromium.PowerManager"
#define DBUS_IFACE_SESSION_MANAGER "org.chromium.SessionManagerInterface"

static const int kSecondsPerMinute = 60;
static const int kMinutesPerHour = 60;
static const int kHoursPerDay = 24;
static const int kMinutesPerDay = kHoursPerDay * kMinutesPerHour;
static const int kSecondsPerDay = kSecondsPerMinute * kMinutesPerDay;
static const int kDaysPerWeek = 7;
static const int kSecondsPerWeek = kSecondsPerDay * kDaysPerWeek;

// The daily use monitor is scheduled to a 1-minute interval after
// initial user activity and then it's exponentially backed off to
// 10-minute intervals. Although not required, the back off is
// implemented because the histogram buckets are spaced exponentially
// anyway and to avoid too frequent metrics daemon process wake-ups
// and file I/O.
static const int kUseMonitorIntervalInit = 1 * kSecondsPerMinute;
static const int kUseMonitorIntervalMax = 10 * kSecondsPerMinute;

const char kKernelCrashDetectedFile[] = "/tmp/kernel-crash-detected";
static const char kUncleanShutdownDetectedFile[] =
      "/tmp/unclean-shutdown-detected";

// static metrics parameters
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricDailyUseTimeName[] =
    "Logging.DailyUseTime";
const int MetricsDaemon::kMetricDailyUseTimeMin = 1;
const int MetricsDaemon::kMetricDailyUseTimeMax = kMinutesPerDay;
const int MetricsDaemon::kMetricDailyUseTimeBuckets = 50;

// crash interval metrics
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricKernelCrashIntervalName[] =
    "Logging.KernelCrashInterval";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricUncleanShutdownIntervalName[] =
    "Logging.UncleanShutdownInterval";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricUserCrashIntervalName[] =
    "Logging.UserCrashInterval";

const int MetricsDaemon::kMetricCrashIntervalMin = 1;
const int MetricsDaemon::kMetricCrashIntervalMax =
    4 * kSecondsPerWeek;
const int MetricsDaemon::kMetricCrashIntervalBuckets = 50;

// crash frequency metrics
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricAnyCrashesDailyName[] =
    "Logging.AnyCrashesDaily";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricAnyCrashesWeeklyName[] =
    "Logging.AnyCrashesWeekly";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricKernelCrashesDailyName[] =
    "Logging.KernelCrashesDaily";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricKernelCrashesWeeklyName[] =
    "Logging.KernelCrashesWeekly";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricUncleanShutdownsDailyName[] =
    "Logging.UncleanShutdownsDaily";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricUncleanShutdownsWeeklyName[] =
    "Logging.UncleanShutdownsWeekly";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricUserCrashesDailyName[] =
    "Logging.UserCrashesDaily";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricUserCrashesWeeklyName[] =
    "Logging.UserCrashesWeekly";
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricCrashFrequencyMin = 1;
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricCrashFrequencyMax = 100;
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricCrashFrequencyBuckets = 50;

// persistent metrics path
const char MetricsDaemon::kMetricsPath[] = "/var/log/metrics";


// static
const char* MetricsDaemon::kDBusMatches_[] = {
  "type='signal',"
  "interface='" DBUS_IFACE_CRASH_REPORTER "',"
  "path='/',"
  "member='UserCrash'",

  "type='signal',"
  "interface='" DBUS_IFACE_POWER_MANAGER "',"
  "path='/'",

  "type='signal',"
  "sender='org.chromium.SessionManager',"
  "interface='" DBUS_IFACE_SESSION_MANAGER "',"
  "path='/org/chromium/SessionManager',"
  "member='SessionStateChanged'",
};

// static
const char* MetricsDaemon::kPowerStates_[] = {
#define STATE(name, capname) #name,
#include "power_states.h"
};

// static
const char* MetricsDaemon::kSessionStates_[] = {
#define STATE(name, capname) #name,
#include "session_states.h"
};

MetricsDaemon::MetricsDaemon()
    : power_state_(kUnknownPowerState),
      session_state_(kUnknownSessionState),
      user_active_(false),
      usemon_interval_(0),
      usemon_source_(NULL) {}

MetricsDaemon::~MetricsDaemon() {
  DeleteFrequencyCounters();
}

void MetricsDaemon::DeleteFrequencyCounters() {
  for (FrequencyCounters::iterator i = frequency_counters_.begin();
       i != frequency_counters_.end(); ++i) {
    delete i->second;
    i->second = NULL;
  }
}

void MetricsDaemon::Run(bool run_as_daemon) {
  if (run_as_daemon && daemon(0, 0) != 0)
    return;

  if (CheckSystemCrash(kKernelCrashDetectedFile)) {
    ProcessKernelCrash();
  }

  if (CheckSystemCrash(kUncleanShutdownDetectedFile)) {
    ProcessUncleanShutdown();
  }

  Loop();
}

FilePath MetricsDaemon::GetHistogramPath(const char* histogram_name) {
  return FilePath(kMetricsPath).Append(histogram_name);
}

void MetricsDaemon::ConfigureCrashIntervalReporter(
    const char* histogram_name,
    scoped_ptr<chromeos_metrics::TaggedCounterReporter>* reporter) {
  reporter->reset(new chromeos_metrics::TaggedCounterReporter());
  FilePath file_path = GetHistogramPath(histogram_name);
  (*reporter)->Init(file_path.value().c_str(),
                    histogram_name,
                    kMetricCrashIntervalMin,
                    kMetricCrashIntervalMax,
                    kMetricCrashIntervalBuckets);
}

void MetricsDaemon::ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(
    const char* histogram_name) {
  scoped_ptr<chromeos_metrics::TaggedCounterReporter> reporter(
      new chromeos_metrics::TaggedCounterReporter());
  FilePath file_path = GetHistogramPath(histogram_name);
  reporter->Init(file_path.value().c_str(),
                 histogram_name,
                 kMetricCrashFrequencyMin,
                 kMetricCrashFrequencyMax,
                 kMetricCrashFrequencyBuckets);
  scoped_ptr<chromeos_metrics::FrequencyCounter> new_counter(
      new chromeos_metrics::FrequencyCounter());
  time_t cycle_duration = strstr(histogram_name, "Weekly") != NULL ?
      chromeos_metrics::kSecondsPerWeek :
      chromeos_metrics::kSecondsPerDay;
  new_counter->Init(
      static_cast<chromeos_metrics::TaggedCounterInterface*>(
          reporter.release()),
      cycle_duration);
  frequency_counters_[histogram_name] = new_counter.release();
}

void MetricsDaemon::Init(bool testing, MetricsLibraryInterface* metrics_lib) {
  testing_ = testing;
  DCHECK(metrics_lib != NULL);
  metrics_lib_ = metrics_lib;
  chromeos_metrics::TaggedCounterReporter::
      SetMetricsLibraryInterface(metrics_lib);

  static const char kDailyUseRecordFile[] = "/var/log/metrics/daily-usage";
  daily_use_.reset(new chromeos_metrics::TaggedCounter());
  daily_use_->Init(kDailyUseRecordFile, &ReportDailyUse, this);

  ConfigureCrashIntervalReporter(kMetricKernelCrashIntervalName,
                                 &kernel_crash_interval_);
  ConfigureCrashIntervalReporter(kMetricUncleanShutdownIntervalName,
                                 &unclean_shutdown_interval_);
  ConfigureCrashIntervalReporter(kMetricUserCrashIntervalName,
                                 &user_crash_interval_);

  DeleteFrequencyCounters();
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricAnyCrashesDailyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricAnyCrashesDailyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricAnyCrashesWeeklyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricKernelCrashesDailyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricKernelCrashesWeeklyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricUncleanShutdownsDailyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricUncleanShutdownsWeeklyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricUserCrashesDailyName);
  ConfigureCrashFrequencyReporter(kMetricUserCrashesWeeklyName);

  // Don't setup D-Bus and GLib in test mode.
  if (testing)
    return;

  g_thread_init(NULL);
  g_type_init();
  dbus_g_thread_init();

  DBusError error;
  dbus_error_init(&error);

  DBusConnection* connection = dbus_bus_get(DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &error);
  LOG_IF(FATAL, dbus_error_is_set(&error)) <<
      "No D-Bus connection: " << SAFE_MESSAGE(error);

  dbus_connection_setup_with_g_main(connection, NULL);

  // Registers D-Bus matches for the signals we would like to catch.
  for (unsigned int m = 0; m < arraysize(kDBusMatches_); m++) {
    const char* match = kDBusMatches_[m];
    DLOG(INFO) << "adding dbus match: " << match;
    dbus_bus_add_match(connection, match, &error);
    LOG_IF(FATAL, dbus_error_is_set(&error)) <<
        "unable to add a match: " << SAFE_MESSAGE(error);
  }

  // Adds the D-Bus filter routine to be called back whenever one of
  // the registered D-Bus matches is successful. The daemon is not
  // activated for D-Bus messages that don't match.
  CHECK(dbus_connection_add_filter(connection, MessageFilter, this, NULL));
}

void MetricsDaemon::Loop() {
  GMainLoop* loop = g_main_loop_new(NULL, false);
  g_main_loop_run(loop);
}

// static
DBusHandlerResult MetricsDaemon::MessageFilter(DBusConnection* connection,
                                               DBusMessage* message,
                                               void* user_data) {
  Time now = Time::Now();
  TimeTicks ticks = TimeTicks::Now();
  DLOG(INFO) << "message intercepted @ " << now.ToInternalValue();

  int message_type = dbus_message_get_type(message);
  if (message_type != DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_SIGNAL) {
    DLOG(WARNING) << "unexpected message type " << message_type;
    return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
  }

  // Signal messages always have interfaces.
  const char* interface = dbus_message_get_interface(message);
  CHECK(interface != NULL);

  MetricsDaemon* daemon = static_cast<MetricsDaemon*>(user_data);

  DBusMessageIter iter;
  dbus_message_iter_init(message, &iter);
  if (strcmp(interface, DBUS_IFACE_CRASH_REPORTER) == 0) {
    CHECK(strcmp(dbus_message_get_member(message),
                 "UserCrash") == 0);
    daemon->ProcessUserCrash();
  } else if (strcmp(interface, DBUS_IFACE_POWER_MANAGER) == 0) {
    const char* member = dbus_message_get_member(message);
    if (strcmp(member, "ScreenIsLocked") == 0) {
      daemon->SetUserActiveState(false, now);
    } else if (strcmp(member, "ScreenIsUnlocked") == 0) {
      daemon->SetUserActiveState(true, now);
    } else if (strcmp(member, "PowerStateChanged") == 0) {
      char* state_name;
      dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&iter, &state_name);
      daemon->PowerStateChanged(state_name, now);
    }
  } else if (strcmp(interface, DBUS_IFACE_SESSION_MANAGER) == 0) {
    CHECK(strcmp(dbus_message_get_member(message),
                 "SessionStateChanged") == 0);

    char* state_name;
    dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&iter, &state_name);
    daemon->SessionStateChanged(state_name, now);
  } else {
    DLOG(WARNING) << "unexpected interface: " << interface;
    return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
  }

  return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
}

void MetricsDaemon::PowerStateChanged(const char* state_name, Time now) {
  DLOG(INFO) << "power state: " << state_name;
  power_state_ = LookupPowerState(state_name);

  if (power_state_ != kPowerStateOn)
    SetUserActiveState(false, now);
}

MetricsDaemon::PowerState
MetricsDaemon::LookupPowerState(const char* state_name) {
  for (int i = 0; i < kNumberPowerStates; i++) {
    if (strcmp(state_name, kPowerStates_[i]) == 0) {
      return static_cast<PowerState>(i);
    }
  }
  DLOG(WARNING) << "unknown power state: " << state_name;
  return kUnknownPowerState;
}

void MetricsDaemon::SessionStateChanged(const char* state_name, Time now) {
  DLOG(INFO) << "user session state: " << state_name;
  session_state_ = LookupSessionState(state_name);
  SetUserActiveState(session_state_ == kSessionStateStarted, now);
}

MetricsDaemon::SessionState
MetricsDaemon::LookupSessionState(const char* state_name) {
  for (int i = 0; i < kNumberSessionStates; i++) {
    if (strcmp(state_name, kSessionStates_[i]) == 0) {
      return static_cast<SessionState>(i);
    }
  }
  DLOG(WARNING) << "unknown user session state: " << state_name;
  return kUnknownSessionState;
}

void MetricsDaemon::SetUserActiveState(bool active, Time now) {
  DLOG(INFO) << "user: " << (active ? "active" : "inactive");

  // Calculates the seconds of active use since the last update and
  // the day since Epoch, and logs the usage data.  Guards against the
  // time jumping back and forth due to the user changing it by
  // discarding the new use time.
  int seconds = 0;
  if (user_active_ && now > user_active_last_) {
    TimeDelta since_active = now - user_active_last_;
    if (since_active < TimeDelta::FromSeconds(
            kUseMonitorIntervalMax + kSecondsPerMinute)) {
      seconds = static_cast<int>(since_active.InSeconds());
    }
  }
  TimeDelta since_epoch = now - Time();
  int day = since_epoch.InDays();
  daily_use_->Update(day, seconds);
  user_crash_interval_->Update(0, seconds);
  kernel_crash_interval_->Update(0, seconds);

  // Flush finished cycles of all frequency counters.
  for (FrequencyCounters::iterator i = frequency_counters_.begin();
       i != frequency_counters_.end(); ++i) {
    i->second->FlushFinishedCycles();
  }

  // Schedules a use monitor on inactive->active transitions and
  // unschedules it on active->inactive transitions.
  if (!user_active_ && active)
    ScheduleUseMonitor(kUseMonitorIntervalInit, /* backoff */ false);
  else if (user_active_ && !active)
    UnscheduleUseMonitor();

  // Remembers the current active state and the time of the last
  // activity update.
  user_active_ = active;
  user_active_last_ = now;
}

void MetricsDaemon::ProcessUserCrash() {
  // Counts the active use time up to now.
  SetUserActiveState(user_active_, Time::Now());

  // Reports the active use time since the last crash and resets it.
  user_crash_interval_->Flush();

  frequency_counters_[kMetricUserCrashesDailyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricUserCrashesWeeklyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricAnyCrashesDailyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricAnyCrashesWeeklyName]->Update(1);
}

void MetricsDaemon::ProcessKernelCrash() {
  // Counts the active use time up to now.
  SetUserActiveState(user_active_, Time::Now());

  // Reports the active use time since the last crash and resets it.
  kernel_crash_interval_->Flush();

  frequency_counters_[kMetricKernelCrashesDailyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricKernelCrashesWeeklyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricAnyCrashesDailyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricAnyCrashesWeeklyName]->Update(1);
}

void MetricsDaemon::ProcessUncleanShutdown() {
  // Counts the active use time up to now.
  SetUserActiveState(user_active_, Time::Now());

  // Reports the active use time since the last crash and resets it.
  unclean_shutdown_interval_->Flush();

  frequency_counters_[kMetricUncleanShutdownsDailyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricUncleanShutdownsWeeklyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricAnyCrashesDailyName]->Update(1);
  frequency_counters_[kMetricAnyCrashesWeeklyName]->Update(1);
}

bool MetricsDaemon::CheckSystemCrash(const std::string& crash_file) {
  FilePath crash_detected(crash_file);
  if (!file_util::PathExists(crash_detected))
    return false;

  // Deletes the crash-detected file so that the daemon doesn't report
  // another kernel crash in case it's restarted.
  file_util::Delete(crash_detected,
                    false);  // recursive
  return true;
}

// static
gboolean MetricsDaemon::UseMonitorStatic(gpointer data) {
  return static_cast<MetricsDaemon*>(data)->UseMonitor() ? TRUE : FALSE;
}

bool MetricsDaemon::UseMonitor() {
  SetUserActiveState(user_active_, Time::Now());

  // If a new monitor source/instance is scheduled, returns false to
  // tell GLib to destroy this monitor source/instance. Returns true
  // otherwise to keep calling back this monitor.
  return !ScheduleUseMonitor(usemon_interval_ * 2, /* backoff */ true);
}

bool MetricsDaemon::ScheduleUseMonitor(int interval, bool backoff)
{
  if (testing_)
    return false;

  // Caps the interval -- the bigger the interval, the more active use
  // time will be potentially dropped on system shutdown.
  if (interval > kUseMonitorIntervalMax)
    interval = kUseMonitorIntervalMax;

  if (backoff) {
    // Back-off mode is used by the use monitor to reschedule itself
    // with exponential back-off in time. This mode doesn't create a
    // new timeout source if the new interval is the same as the old
    // one. Also, if a new timeout source is created, the old one is
    // not destroyed explicitly here -- it will be destroyed by GLib
    // when the monitor returns FALSE (see UseMonitor and
    // UseMonitorStatic).
    if (interval == usemon_interval_)
      return false;
  } else {
    UnscheduleUseMonitor();
  }

  // Schedules a new use monitor for |interval| seconds from now.
  DLOG(INFO) << "scheduling use monitor in " << interval << " seconds";
  usemon_source_ = g_timeout_source_new_seconds(interval);
  g_source_set_callback(usemon_source_, UseMonitorStatic, this,
                        NULL); // No destroy notification.
  g_source_attach(usemon_source_,
                  NULL); // Default context.
  usemon_interval_ = interval;
  return true;
}

void MetricsDaemon::UnscheduleUseMonitor() {
  // If there's a use monitor scheduled already, destroys it.
  if (usemon_source_ == NULL)
    return;

  DLOG(INFO) << "destroying use monitor";
  g_source_destroy(usemon_source_);
  usemon_source_ = NULL;
  usemon_interval_ = 0;
}

// static
void MetricsDaemon::ReportDailyUse(void* handle, int tag, int count) {
  if (count <= 0)
    return;

  MetricsDaemon* daemon = static_cast<MetricsDaemon*>(handle);
  int minutes = (count + kSecondsPerMinute / 2) / kSecondsPerMinute;
  daemon->SendMetric(kMetricDailyUseTimeName, minutes,
                     kMetricDailyUseTimeMin,
                     kMetricDailyUseTimeMax,
                     kMetricDailyUseTimeBuckets);
}

void MetricsDaemon::SendMetric(const string& name, int sample,
                               int min, int max, int nbuckets) {
  DLOG(INFO) << "received metric: " << name << " " << sample << " "
             << min << " " << max << " " << nbuckets;
  metrics_lib_->SendToUMA(name, sample, min, max, nbuckets);
}