AU: Implement exponential back off for 500 and 503 HTTP response codes.

Also refactors the automatic update checks into a separate
scheduler class and adds unit tests for them.

update_check_scheduler.cc                  59 /   59: 100.0%
update_check_scheduler.h                    1 /    1: 100.0%

Note: because the unit tests for this CL use the
UpdateAttempter class, the CL brings in several untested
modules into the test report reducing the overall test
coverage to ~82%.

BUG=2394
TEST=unit tests, gmerged on device and inspected logs

Change-Id: I078b1727b5338f6fc34e51f5e04a375518d63cef

Review URL: http://codereview.chromium.org/3215006
diff --git a/SConstruct b/SConstruct
index 4df1395..abf5253 100644
--- a/SConstruct
+++ b/SConstruct
@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@
                    tarjan.cc
                    topological_sort.cc
                    update_attempter.cc
+                   update_check_scheduler.cc
                    update_metadata.pb.cc
                    utils.cc""")
 main = ['main.cc']
@@ -258,6 +259,7 @@
                             tarjan_unittest.cc
                             test_utils.cc
                             topological_sort_unittest.cc
+                            update_check_scheduler_unittest.cc
                             utils_unittest.cc
                             zip_unittest.cc""")
 unittest_main = ['testrunner.cc']