//===-- LiveIntervalUnion.cpp - Live interval union data structure --------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// LiveIntervalUnion represents a coalesced set of live intervals. This may be
// used during coalescing to represent a congruence class, or during register
// allocation to model liveness of a physical register.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#define DEBUG_TYPE "regalloc"
#include "LiveIntervalUnion.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SparseBitVector.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include <algorithm>
using namespace llvm;

// Find the first segment in the range [segBegin,segments_.end()) that
// intersects with seg. If no intersection is found, return the first segI
// such that segI.start >= seg.end
//
// This logic is tied to the underlying LiveSegments data structure. For now, we
// use set::upper_bound to find the nearest starting position,
// then reverse iterate to find the first overlap.
//
// Upon entry we have segBegin.start < seg.end
// seg   |--...
//        \   .
// lvr ...-|
// 
// After set::upper_bound, we have segI.start >= seg.start:
// seg   |--...
//      /
// lvr |--...
//
// Assuming intervals are disjoint, if an intersection exists, it must be the
// segment found or the one immediately preceeding it. We continue reverse
// iterating to return the first overlapping segment.
LiveIntervalUnion::SegmentIter
LiveIntervalUnion::upperBound(SegmentIter segBegin,
                              const LiveSegment &seg) {
  assert(seg.end > segBegin->start && "segment iterator precondition");
  // get the next LIU segment such that segI->start is not less than seg.start
  // 
  // FIXME: Once we have a B+tree, we can make good use of segBegin as a hint to
  // upper_bound. For now, we're forced to search again from the root each time.
  SegmentIter segI = segments_.upper_bound(seg);
  while (segI != segBegin) {
    --segI;
    if (seg.start >= segI->end)
      return ++segI;
  }
  return segI;
}

// Merge a LiveInterval's segments. Guarantee no overlaps.
//
// Consider coalescing adjacent segments to save space, even though it makes
// extraction more complicated.
void LiveIntervalUnion::unify(LiveInterval &lvr) {
  // Insert each of the virtual register's live segments into the map
  SegmentIter segPos = segments_.begin();
  for (LiveInterval::iterator lvrI = lvr.begin(), lvrEnd = lvr.end();
       lvrI != lvrEnd; ++lvrI ) {
    LiveSegment segment(lvrI->start, lvrI->end, &lvr);
    segPos = segments_.insert(segPos, segment);
    assert(*segPos == segment && "need equal val for equal key");
#ifndef NDEBUG
    // check for overlap (inductively)
    if (segPos != segments_.begin()) {
      assert(llvm::prior(segPos)->end <= segment.start &&
             "overlapping segments" );
    }
    SegmentIter nextPos = llvm::next(segPos);
    if (nextPos != segments_.end())
      assert(segment.end <= nextPos->start && "overlapping segments" );
#endif // NDEBUG
  }
}

// Remove a live virtual register's segments from this union.
void LiveIntervalUnion::extract(const LiveInterval &lvr) {
  // Remove each of the virtual register's live segments from the map.
  SegmentIter segPos = segments_.begin();
  for (LiveInterval::const_iterator lvrI = lvr.begin(), lvrEnd = lvr.end();
       lvrI != lvrEnd; ++lvrI) {
    LiveSegment seg(lvrI->start, lvrI->end, const_cast<LiveInterval*>(&lvr));
    segPos = upperBound(segPos, seg);
    assert(segPos != segments_.end() && "missing lvr segment");
    segments_.erase(segPos++);
  }
}

raw_ostream& llvm::operator<<(raw_ostream& os, const LiveSegment &ls) {
  return os << '[' << ls.start << ',' << ls.end << ':' <<
    ls.liveVirtReg->reg << ")";
}

void LiveSegment::dump() const {
  dbgs() << *this << "\n";
}

void
LiveIntervalUnion::print(raw_ostream &os,
                         const AbstractRegisterDescription *rdesc) const {
  os << "LIU ";
  if (rdesc != NULL)
    os << rdesc->getName(repReg_);
  else {
    os << repReg_;
  }
  for (LiveSegments::const_iterator segI = segments_.begin(),
         segEnd = segments_.end(); segI != segEnd; ++segI) {
    dbgs() << " " << *segI;
  }
  os << "\n";
}

void LiveIntervalUnion::dump(const AbstractRegisterDescription *rdesc) const {
  print(dbgs(), rdesc);
}

#ifndef NDEBUG
// Verify the live intervals in this union and add them to the visited set.
void LiveIntervalUnion::verify(LvrBitSet& visitedVRegs) {
  SegmentIter segI = segments_.begin();
  SegmentIter segEnd = segments_.end();
  if (segI == segEnd) return;
  visitedVRegs.set(segI->liveVirtReg->reg);
  for (++segI; segI != segEnd; ++segI) {
    visitedVRegs.set(segI->liveVirtReg->reg);
    assert(llvm::prior(segI)->end <= segI->start && "overlapping segments" );
  }
}
#endif //!NDEBUG

// Private interface accessed by Query.
//
// Find a pair of segments that intersect, one in the live virtual register
// (LiveInterval), and the other in this LiveIntervalUnion. The caller (Query)
// is responsible for advancing the LiveIntervalUnion segments to find a
// "notable" intersection, which requires query-specific logic.
// 
// This design assumes only a fast mechanism for intersecting a single live
// virtual register segment with a set of LiveIntervalUnion segments.  This may
// be ok since most LVRs have very few segments.  If we had a data
// structure that optimizd MxN intersection of segments, then we would bypass
// the loop that advances within the LiveInterval.
//
// If no intersection exists, set lvrI = lvrEnd, and set segI to the first
// segment whose start point is greater than LiveInterval's end point.
//
// Assumes that segments are sorted by start position in both
// LiveInterval and LiveSegments.
void LiveIntervalUnion::Query::findIntersection(InterferenceResult &ir) const {
  LiveInterval::iterator lvrEnd = lvr_->end();
  SegmentIter liuEnd = liu_->end();
  while (ir.liuSegI_ != liuEnd) {
    // Slowly advance the live virtual reg iterator until we surpass the next
    // segment in this union. If this is ever used for coalescing of fixed
    // registers and we have a live vreg with thousands of segments, then use
    // upper bound instead.
    while (ir.lvrSegI_ != lvrEnd && ir.lvrSegI_->end <= ir.liuSegI_->start)
      ++ir.lvrSegI_;
    if (ir.lvrSegI_ == lvrEnd)
      break;
    // lvrSegI_ may have advanced far beyond liuSegI_,
    // do a fast intersection test to "catch up"
    LiveSegment seg(ir.lvrSegI_->start, ir.lvrSegI_->end, lvr_);
    ir.liuSegI_ = liu_->upperBound(ir.liuSegI_, seg);
    // Check if no liuSegI_ exists with lvrSegI_->start < liuSegI_.end
    if (ir.liuSegI_ == liuEnd)
      break;
    if (ir.liuSegI_->start < ir.lvrSegI_->end) {
      assert(overlap(*ir.lvrSegI_, *ir.liuSegI_) && "upperBound postcondition");
      break;
    }
  }
  if (ir.liuSegI_ == liuEnd)
    ir.lvrSegI_ = lvrEnd;
}

// Find the first intersection, and cache interference info
// (retain segment iterators into both lvr_ and liu_).
LiveIntervalUnion::InterferenceResult
LiveIntervalUnion::Query::firstInterference() {
  if (firstInterference_ != LiveIntervalUnion::InterferenceResult()) {
    return firstInterference_;
  }
  firstInterference_ = InterferenceResult(lvr_->begin(), liu_->begin());
  findIntersection(firstInterference_);
  return firstInterference_;
}

// Treat the result as an iterator and advance to the next interfering pair
// of segments. This is a plain iterator with no filter.
bool LiveIntervalUnion::Query::nextInterference(InterferenceResult &ir) const {
  assert(isInterference(ir) && "iteration past end of interferences");
  // Advance either the lvr or liu segment to ensure that we visit all unique
  // overlapping pairs.
  if (ir.lvrSegI_->end < ir.liuSegI_->end) {
    if (++ir.lvrSegI_ == lvr_->end())
      return false;
  }
  else {
    if (++ir.liuSegI_ == liu_->end()) {
      ir.lvrSegI_ = lvr_->end();
      return false;
    }
  }
  if (overlap(*ir.lvrSegI_, *ir.liuSegI_))
    return true;
  // find the next intersection
  findIntersection(ir);
  return isInterference(ir);
}

// Scan the vector of interfering virtual registers in this union. Assuming it's
// quite small.
bool LiveIntervalUnion::Query::isSeenInterference(LiveInterval *lvr) const {
  SmallVectorImpl<LiveInterval*>::const_iterator I =
    std::find(interferingVRegs_.begin(), interferingVRegs_.end(), lvr);
  return I != interferingVRegs_.end();
}

// Count the number of virtual registers in this union that interfere with this
// query's live virtual register. 
// 
// The number of times that we either advance ir.lvrSegI_ or call
// liu_.upperBound() will be no more than the number of holes in
// lvr_. So each invocation of collectInterferingVirtReg() takes
// time proportional to |lvr-holes| * time(liu_.upperBound()).
//
// For comments on how to speed it up, see Query::findIntersection().
unsigned LiveIntervalUnion::Query::
collectInterferingVRegs(unsigned maxInterferingRegs) {
  InterferenceResult ir = firstInterference();
  LiveInterval::iterator lvrEnd = lvr_->end();
  SegmentIter liuEnd = liu_->end();
  LiveInterval *recentInterferingVReg = NULL;
  while (ir.liuSegI_ != liuEnd) {
    // Advance the union's iterator to reach an unseen interfering vreg.
    do {
      if (ir.liuSegI_->liveVirtReg == recentInterferingVReg)
        continue;

      if (!isSeenInterference(ir.liuSegI_->liveVirtReg))
        break;

      // Cache the most recent interfering vreg to bypass isSeenInterference.
      recentInterferingVReg = ir.liuSegI_->liveVirtReg;

    } while( ++ir.liuSegI_ != liuEnd);
    if (ir.liuSegI_ == liuEnd)
      break;

    // Advance the live vreg reg iterator until surpassing the next
    // segment in this union. If this is ever used for coalescing of fixed
    // registers and we have a live vreg with thousands of segments, then use
    // upper bound instead.
    while (ir.lvrSegI_ != lvrEnd && ir.lvrSegI_->end <= ir.liuSegI_->start)
      ++ir.lvrSegI_;
    if (ir.lvrSegI_ == lvrEnd)
      break;

    // Check for intersection with the union's segment.
    if (overlap(*ir.lvrSegI_, *ir.liuSegI_)) {
      if (!ir.liuSegI_->liveVirtReg->isSpillable())
        seenUnspillableVReg_ = true;
      
      interferingVRegs_.push_back(ir.liuSegI_->liveVirtReg);
      if (interferingVRegs_.size() == maxInterferingRegs)
        return maxInterferingRegs;

      // Cache the most recent interfering vreg to bypass isSeenInterference.
      recentInterferingVReg = ir.liuSegI_->liveVirtReg;
      ++ir.liuSegI_;
      continue;
    }
    // lvrSegI_ may have advanced far beyond liuSegI_,
    // do a fast intersection test to "catch up"
    LiveSegment seg(ir.lvrSegI_->start, ir.lvrSegI_->end, lvr_);
    ir.liuSegI_ = liu_->upperBound(ir.liuSegI_, seg);
  }
  return interferingVRegs_.size();
}